CN107553345A - The aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock and ball blasting method that a kind of multiple spot actively loads - Google Patents
The aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock and ball blasting method that a kind of multiple spot actively loads Download PDFInfo
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- CN107553345A CN107553345A CN201710894792.5A CN201710894792A CN107553345A CN 107553345 A CN107553345 A CN 107553345A CN 201710894792 A CN201710894792 A CN 201710894792A CN 107553345 A CN107553345 A CN 107553345A
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Abstract
The present invention is the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock and ball blasting method that a kind of multiple spot actively loads.It is made up of rigid frame, longeron and multiple drifts.Line slideway is designed with framework, longeron is installed on line slideway, height is provided with longeron can be by the drift of computer numerical control adjustment and the hold-down mechanism of fixed wallboard.Each drift is provided with integrated digital controlled driving reducing motor, and motor rotates driving leading screw, realizes that height of the punch body in axial direction adjusts, and can lock at an arbitrary position.Compared to traditional pre stress shot peen fixture, numerical control drift may be constructed wallboard part pre-bending of the Prebending type face realization to any curvature, and large number of drift make it that prestressing force is evenly suffered by wallboard, effectively avoids single-point force from causing local distortion's phenomenon；During contour peening, can be adjusted in real time according to the deformation of wallboard used in height of punch, improve the precision of contour peening；After contour peening, the frock can be as the form error for examining pattern detection curvature panel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machinery manufacturing technology field, specifically a kind of aircraft target ship prestressing force of multiple spot active loading
Shot-peening frock and ball blasting method.
Background technology
In aircraft manufacturing field, as most important a kind of part --- integral panel on aircraft, it is that aircraft is pneumatic
Profile wants part, while is also the main load-carrying member of wing, fuselage etc..But its larger size and complex curvatures
Test is proposed to forming technique.At present at home and abroad, contour peening is because the advantages of its is unique, turns into present generation aircraft, particularly
A kind of best approach of airliner Forming of Aircraft Wing Skin Panels.But contour peening has certain forming limit, that is,
Saying the curvature of its shaping has a limiting value, and free shot-peening easily causes the spherical deformation of plate.Therefore prestressing force spray is proposed
Ball forming technique, i.e., before shot-peening, prestressing force first is applied to wall panel parts, part is produced pre-bending, then carries out shot-peening again
Shaping.Practice have shown that prestress peen forming can increase substantially the forming limit of free shot-peening, while eliminate free spray
Spherical deformation caused by ball is inclined to, and controls deformation direction well.At present, large-scale compressed air shotblasting machine has corresponding with its size
Pre-bending fixture, for realizing different sizes, the wallboard of different curvature is clamped and pre-bending.It is but commonly used in the prior art
Fixture is primarily present the deficiency of following two aspects：First, the force application mechanism of fixture is unsatisfactory for versatility, and a set of force application mechanism is past
It is past to be only limited to a kind of wall panel parts；2nd, the prestressing force point of application is less, easily causes local distortion, prestress distribution is uneven, in advance
It is curved ineffective.
The content of the invention
The invention provides one kind can be controlled multiple point of applications, for different sizes, the wallboard of any curvature by computer
Class part has aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock and the shot-peening side of the multiple spot active loading of the flexible prestressing of versatility
Method, overcome existing shot-peening frock and the above-mentioned deficiency of ball blasting method.
Technical solution of the present invention is described with reference to the drawings as follows：
A kind of aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock of multiple spot actively loading, the frock include joint sliding block 3, pressing clip 5,
Multiple spot punch systems 7, rack and pinion drive mechanism, two guide rail base 4, two of rigid frame 1, two and of line slideway 2
More with longeron 6；Guide rail base 4 described in two is fixed on two rigid frames 1；Installed on guide rail base 4 described in two
There are two line slideways 2；Both ends more with described longeron 6 are connected with joint sliding block 3 respectively, and wherein one end is provided with
Locking mechanism 9, the other end is provided with rack and pinion drive mechanism；Described joint sliding block 3 is slidably matched with line slideway 2；Institute
Multiple multiple spot punch systems 7 are fixed with by the 3rd nut 24 on the longeron 6 stated；The top at the described both ends of longeron 6 is fixed
There is pressing clip 5.
Guide rail scale 11 is provided with guide rail base 4 described in one, the side of described longeron 6 is provided with longeron scale
10。
The both sides of described longeron 6 are provided with the first T-slot 8 through longeron 6, and centre is provided with the second T-slot 21.
The second described T-slot 21 is built with more set multiple spot punch systems 7；Described multiple spot punch systems 7 include housing
25th, control circuit 26, adjustment are using motor 27, drift 28；Described adjustment is using the output end of motor 27 with carrying internal thread
Drift 28 be threadedly coupled；The second nut 29 of fixed punch first 28 is provided with outside described housing 25；Described adjustment application electricity
Machine 27 is connected with control circuit 26；Described control circuit 26 is connected by repeater with computer.
Pressing clip 5 is provided with the first T-slot 8 described in two, described pressing clip 5 includes pressing clip frame 16, adjusted
Pole 17 and pressing clip pressure head 18；The both ends of described pressing clip frame 16 are arranged on the first T-slot 8 by the first bolt 14
Interior, the top of the first described bolt 14 is provided with the first nut 19；Set between described the first bolt 14 and the first nut 19
There is pad 20；Described adjusting rod 17 is fixed on one end of pressing clip frame 16, and its lower end is fixed with pressing clip pressure head 18；Institute
Wall panel parts 12 are placed between the pressing clip pressure head 18 and drift 28 stated.
There is the cushion 13 of polyurethane between described wall panel parts 12 and drift 28.
Described rack and pinion drive mechanism includes rack 22 and gear 23；Described gear 23 passes through gear shaft and longeron
6 connections；Described rack 22 is fixed on two guide rail bases 4 and is meshed with gear 23.
A kind of aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen method that multiple spot actively loads, this method comprise the following steps：
Step 1: before shot-peening, calculated by formula determine Prebending type face first, Prebending type face is formed by drift 28, it is multiple
Drift is arranged in " face " and realizes prestressed application to ensure that prestressing force is uniform；
Step 2: during shot-peening, because actual pre-bending amount and shot-peening parameter are difficult to accurately formulate, because pre-bending amount is bigger than normal or
Stress error caused by less than normal and shot-peening parameter inexactness can be mended by adjusting the method for the height of drift 28 in real time
Repay, moment of flexure is bigger than normal then to reduce the height of drift 28, and moment of flexure is less than normal then to raise the height of drift 28；
Step 3: after shot-peening, drift 28 may be constructed part type face as the shaping mistake for examining pattern detection curvature panel
Difference.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention plays " flexibility " feature of fixture with multiple spot punch systems out to out, before shot-peening, is controlled by computer
Drift can accurately form the Prebending type face of any curvature, therefore can realize to different shape, the wallboard part of any curvature
Pre-bending.Simultaneously large number of drift make it that prestressing force is evenly suffered by wallboard, effectively avoids single-point force from causing local distortion
Phenomenon, ensure prestressing force effect；, can be according to used in the deformation of wallboard adjusts in real time during contour peening
Height of punch, improve the precision of contour peening；After contour peening, numerical control drift may be constructed part type face as inspection pattern
Detect the form error of curvature panel.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen tool structure schematic diagram that multiple spot actively loads；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that multiple spot actively loads carries out tangential pre-bending；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that multiple spot actively loads carries out hyperbolicity pre-bending；
Fig. 4 is the compression clip schematic diagram for the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that multiple spot actively loads；
Fig. 5 is a kind of schematic diagram of longeron cross section T-shape slot structure；
Fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of longeron cross section T-shape slot structure；
Fig. 7 is locking device schematic diagram.
In figure：1st, rigid frame；2nd, line slideway；3rd, joint sliding block；4th, guide rail base；5th, pressing clip；6th, longeron； 7、
Multiple spot punch systems；8th, the first T-slot；9th, locking mechanism；10th, longeron scale；11st, guide rail scale；12nd, wall panel parts；13、
Cushion；14th, the first bolt；15th, hyperbolicity pre-bending part；16th, pressing clip frame；17th, adjusting rod；18th, pressing clip pressure head；
19th, the first nut；20th, pad；21st, the second T-slot；22nd, rack；23rd, gear；24th, the 3rd nut；25th, housing；26th, control
Circuit；27th, motor is applied in adjustment；28th, drift；29th, the second nut；30th, the second bolt；31st, baffle plate；32nd, handle.
Embodiment
Refering to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock of multiple spot active loading, the frock includes connecing
Head slider 3, pressing clip 5, multiple spot punch systems 7, rack and pinion drive mechanism, two rigid frames, 1, two guide rail base 4,
Two line slideways 2 and more with longeron 6；Guide rail base 4 described in two is fixed on two rigid frames 1；Described in two
Two line slideways 2 are installed on guide rail base 4；Both ends more with described longeron 6 are connected with joint sliding block 3 respectively, and
Wherein one end is provided with locking mechanism 9, and the other end is provided with rack and pinion drive mechanism；Described joint sliding block 3 is led with straight line
Rail 2 is slidably matched, and joint sliding block 3 can drive longeron 6 to be moved back and forth on line slideway 2, and mobile purpose is according to not
The position of longeron 6 is adjusted with the wallboard opened up to size, while guide rail scale 11 is installed on guide rail base 4, after the completion of positioning,
Longeron is fixed using locking device 9, the locking device is made up of the second bolt 30 and baffle plate 31, utilizes the second bolt 30
Withstand on guide rail base 4 realize it is locked, as shown in Figure 7.Multiple multiple spots are fixed with by the 3rd nut 24 on described longeron 6
Punch systems 7；Pressing clip 5 is respectively and fixedly provided with above the described both ends of longeron 6.
Refering to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the both sides of described longeron 6 are provided with the first T-slot 8 through longeron 6, and centre is provided with the 2nd T
Type groove 21.
Second T-slot 21 of rail inner is built with more set multiple spot punch systems 7；Described multiple spot punch systems 7 include
Housing 25, control circuit 26, adjustment are using motor 27, drift 28；Described control circuit 26, adjustment are set using motor 27
In housing 25；Described adjustment is threadedly coupled using the output end of motor 27 with female drift 28；Described shell
The second nut 29 of fixed punch first 28 is provided with outside body 25；Described adjustment application motor 27 is connected with control circuit 26；It is described
Control circuit be connected by repeater with computer.Multiple repeaters are arranged by computer, repeater controls multiple adjustment should
With motor 27, adjustment drives screw rod rotation using motor 27, so as to drive the female drift 28 of tool to move up and down, realizes
Drift 28 axially adjusts, and can position at an arbitrary position.The spy that can be positioned using drift 28 in axial optional position
Point, large number of drift 28 can form the arbitrary Prebending type face of curvature as force application mechanism, realize the pre-bending to wallboard.
Housing 25 can drive a whole set of multiple spot punch systems 7 to be moved freely in the second T-slot 21, and 25 outer Installed of housing has complete to movement
Into the second nut 29 of rear fixed drift 28, longeron side is provided with longeron scale 10.
Refering to Fig. 1, Fig. 4, pressing clip 5 is provided with the first T-slot 8 described in two, described pressing clip 5 includes pressure
Grip frame 16, adjusting rod 17 and pressing clip pressure head 18；The both ends of described pressing clip frame 16 are set by the first bolt 14
In the first T-slot 8, the first bolt 14 can move freely in the first T-slot 8, and the top of the first bolt 14 also carries first
Nut 19.The position of drift 18 and pressing clip 5 can be adjusted according to the wall panel parts 12 of Bu Tong tangential size；It is described
The first bolt 14 and the first nut 19 between be provided with pad 20；Described adjusting rod 17 is fixed on the one of pressing clip frame 16
End, its lower end is fixed with pressing clip pressure head 18；Wall panel parts 12 are placed between described pressing clip pressure head 18 and drift 28.Move
When dynamic, the first nut 19 is turned on first, and mobile first bolt 14, is positioned with longeron scale 10, arrived in the first T-slot 8
The first nut 19, fixing are screwed on after up to correct position.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the tangential pre-bending to wallboard, first, is opened up to size according to wallboard, is moved with pinion and rack
Dynamic joint sliding block 3, which is provided with guide rail scale 11 to adjust the position of longeron 6, and on line slideway pedestal 2, to be entered to longeron 6
Row is positioned, and longeron is fixed with locking device 9 after longeron 6 to correct position.Secondly, according to the tangential size of wallboard, second is utilized
T-slot 21 adjusts the position of multiple spot punch systems 7 and pressing clip 5 on longeron 6.Before multiple spot punch systems 7 move, first turn on
The second nut 29 outside housing 25, then mobile shell 25, to drive a whole set of multiple spot punch systems 7, the side of longeron 6 is provided with scale
10 to position, and after the completion of positioning, tightens the second nut 29 and fixes drift.Pressing clip 5 is moved through in mobile first T-slot 8
The first bolt 14 realize, equally positioned with longeron scale 10, after the completion of positioning, tighten the first nut 19 and be fixed and clamped
Folder.Then operation handle 32, handle 32 above push away, and open clip, wall panel parts 12 are placed, then operation handle, according to double leval jib
The automatic dead-locking function of mechanism, compress wallboard.Motor 27 is applied by computer control adjustment again, leading screw rotation is driven, so as to band
The dynamic female drift 28 of tool moves up, and numerous drifts 28 presses upwards simultaneously, forms pre-bending curved surface.While in order to
Multiple spot basic body drift small impression and stress concentration to caused by wallboard are avoided, can be between multiple spot drift 28 and wallboard
Add the cushion 13 that layer of material is polyurethane.It is inclined by pre-bending amount because pre-bending amount is difficult to accurately calculate during contour peening
Error caused by big or less than normal and shot-peening parameter inexactness can be compensated for by adjusting the height of drift 28 in real time.
Wallboard bending moment is bigger than normal then to reduce the height of drift 28, and wallboard bending moment is less than normal then to raise the height of drift 28.After shot-peening, drift 28
Constituent part appearance curved surface, the frock are alternatively arranged as examining the form error of pattern detection curvature panel.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the hyperbolicity pre-bending to wallboard, and the curvature of real aircraft wallboard is sufficiently complex, and Curvature varying is simultaneously
It is not uniform, and in addition to most important tangential curvature, there is certain spanwise curvature toward contact, therefore implementing hyperbolic
, it is necessary to adjust the length of adjusting rod 17 during rate pre-bending, to control the height of pressing clip pressure head 18 to realize to hyperbolicity
The compression of wallboard 15.Multiple spot punch device has prominent advantage for the pre-bending of the complicated wall panel parts of curvature, i.e., according to plate
The pre-bending gauge of material calculates the displacement of each drift 28, and the displacement of each drift 28 axially is accurately controlled by computer
.
Because the shaping curvature of wallboard is different, its required pre-bending amount and pre-bending curvature are different.Therefore pre stress shot peen fixture
Must possess the ability of the pre-bending to different curvature wallboard, i.e., so-called versatility or " flexibility ".The aircraft that multiple spot actively loads
" flexibility " of wallboard pre stress shot peen frock by high degree digital control multiple spot punch systems, can along " T " groove move pressing clip and punching
Head system, and the longeron moved along line slideway are realized jointly.Multiple spot punch systems advantage the most prominent is：Shot-peening
Before, the arbitrary Prebending type face of curvature can accurately be formed by the multiple punch of numerical control, Prebending type face can be calculated by the excessively curved coefficient of wallboard
Draw, therefore, can be automated by this shot-peening frock and realize pre-bending to arbitrarily complicated curvature wallboard part, and multiple apply
Force by wallboard stress discretization, avoid single-point or 3 points bend caused by local distortion, prestressing force suffered by wallboard evenly,
Ensure prestressing force effect；During shot-peening, stress error can be by adjusting in real time as caused by pre-bending amount is bigger than normal or less than normal
Numerical control height of punch is compensated for, and improves contour peening precision；After shot-peening, numerical control drift constituent part appearance curved surface, the frock
It is alternatively arranged as examining the form error of pattern detection curvature panel.
A kind of aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen method that multiple spot actively loads, this method comprise the following steps：
Step 1: before shot-peening, calculated by formula determine Prebending type face first, Prebending type face is formed by numerical control drift 28,
Multiple drifts 28 are arranged in " face " and realize prestressed application to ensure that prestressing force is uniform, and the calculation procedure in Prebending type face is：
1st, reference plane and datum mark are determined；Reference plane：The chordwise section at the both ends of wall panel parts 12, datum mark (y0,z0)：Wall
A piece bus of plate and the intersection point of reference plane appearance curve；
2nd, the appearance curve on calculating benchmark face；External Shape curve is divided into many sections, every segmental arc is calculated as follows
Chord length L and slope K：
kn-1=(zn-zn-1)/(yn-yn-1)
Then, then calculate pre-bending curve take up an official post meaning point coordinate value yn' and zn', to form pre-bending curve,
yn'=yn-1'+Ln-1×cos(αn-1-γ0-γ1-Λ-γn-1)
zn'=zn-1'+Ln-1×sin(αn-1-γ0-γ1-Λ-γn-1)
Wherein, yn、yn-1And zn、zn-1It is the tangential and high to coordinate value of the every segmental arc two-end-point of External Shape curve；yn'、
yn-1' and zn'、 zn-1' for the coordinate value of arbitrfary point on pre-bending appearance curve；αn-1=arctgKn-1, γn-1=(C-1) θn-1,
θn-1=arctg (kn-2-kn-1)/(1+Kn-2×Kn-1), C --- excessively curved coefficient, its value is External Shape radius of curvature and pre-bending
The ratio of radius.
3rd, Prebending type face is constructed；After calculating the appearance curve in two reference planes using the excessively curved coefficient of identical, to two
Corresponding points (on same bus) on bar appearance curve connect straight line, that is, may make up Prebending type face.
Step 2: during shot-peening, because actual pre-bending amount and shot-peening parameter are difficult to accurately formulate, because pre-bending amount is bigger than normal or
Stress error caused by less than normal and shot-peening parameter inexactness can be mended by adjusting the method for the height of drift 28 in real time
Repay, moment of flexure is bigger than normal then to reduce the height of drift 28, and moment of flexure is less than normal then to raise the height of drift 28.
Step 3: after shot-peening, drift 28 may be constructed part type face as the shaping mistake for examining pattern detection curvature panel
Difference.
Claims (8)
1. the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that a kind of multiple spot actively loads, it is characterised in that the frock includes joint sliding block
(3), pressing clip (5), multiple spot punch systems (7), rack and pinion drive mechanism, two rigid frames (1), two guide rail bases
(4), two line slideways (2) and more longerons (6)；Guide rail base (4) described in two is fixed on two rigid frames (1)
On；Two line slideways (2) are installed on the guide rail base (4) described in two；The both ends of longeron (6) described in more respectively with
Joint sliding block (3) connects, and wherein one end is provided with locking mechanism (9), and the other end is provided with rack and pinion drive mechanism；Institute
The joint sliding block (3) stated is slidably matched with line slideway (2)；It is fixed with described longeron (6) by the 3rd nut (24) more
Individual multiple spot punch systems (7)；Pressing clip (5) is respectively and fixedly provided with above described longeron (6) both ends.
2. the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that a kind of multiple spot according to claim 1 actively loads, it is characterised in that
Guide rail scale (11) is provided with guide rail base (4) described in one, the side of described longeron (6) is provided with longeron scale
(10)。
3. the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that a kind of multiple spot according to claim 1 actively loads, it is characterised in that
The both sides of described longeron (6) are provided with the first T-slot (8) through longeron (6), and centre is provided with the second T-slot (21).
4. the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that a kind of multiple spot according to claim 3 actively loads, it is characterised in that
Described the second T-slot (21) is built with more set multiple spot punch systems (7)；Described multiple spot punch systems (7) include housing
(25), control circuit (26), adjustment are using motor (27), drift (28)；The output end of described adjustment application motor (27) with
It is threadedly coupled with female drift (28)；The second nut of fixed punch head (28) is provided with outside described housing (25)
(29)；Described adjustment application motor (27) is connected with control circuit (26)；Described control circuit (26) by repeater with
Computer is connected.
5. the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that a kind of multiple spot according to claim 4 actively loads, it is characterised in that
Pressing clip (5) is provided with the first T-slot (8) described in two, described pressing clip (5) includes pressing clip frame (16), adjusted
Pole (17) and pressing clip pressure head (18)；The both ends of described pressing clip frame (16) are arranged on first by the first bolt (14)
In T-slot (8), the first nut (19) is provided with above described the first bolt (14), described the first bolt (14) and the
Pad (20) is provided between one nut (19)；Described adjusting rod (17) is fixed on one end of pressing clip frame (16), its lower end
It is fixed with pressing clip pressure head (18)；Wall panel parts (12) are placed between described pressing clip pressure head (18) and drift (28).
6. the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that a kind of multiple spot according to claim 5 actively loads, it is characterised in that
There is the cushion (13) of polyurethane between described wall panel parts (12) and drift (28).
7. the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen frock that a kind of multiple spot according to claim 1 actively loads, it is characterised in that
Described rack and pinion drive mechanism includes rack (22) and gear (23)；Described gear (23) passes through gear shaft and longeron
(6) connect；Described rack (22) is fixed on guide rail base (4) and is meshed with gear (23).
8. a kind of aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen method that multiple spot actively loads, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
Step 1: before shot-peening, calculated by formula determine Prebending type face first, Prebending type face, Duo Gechong are formed by drift (28)
Head is arranged in " face " and realizes prestressed application to ensure that prestressing force is uniform；
Step 2: during shot-peening, because actual pre-bending amount and shot-peening parameter are difficult to accurately formulate, because pre-bending amount is bigger than normal or less than normal
And stress error caused by the inexactness of shot-peening parameter can be compensated for by adjusting the method for drift (28) height in real time,
Moment of flexure is bigger than normal then to reduce drift (28) height, and moment of flexure is less than normal then to raise drift (28) height；
Step 3: after shot-peening, drift (28) may be constructed part type face as the form error for examining pattern detection curvature panel.
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| CN201710894792.5A CN107553345B (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | A kind of the aircraft target ship pre stress shot peen tooling and ball blasting method of multiple spot active load |
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| CN108838516A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-20 | 吉林大学 | A kind of prestressing force laser peening flexible fixture that multiple spot actively loads |
| CN110110400A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-09 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of calculation method of large scale arc-shaped workpiece shot-peening deformation |
| CN111112395A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-08 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Pre-bending tool for obtaining double-curvature wall plate and shot blasting forming process |
| CN114043389A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-15 | 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 | Horizontal shot blasting clamp for double-curvature skin of airplane |
| CN114921627A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-19 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Shot blasting reverse deformation device for airplane support arm part and deformation control method using shot blasting reverse deformation device |
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