CN113319197B - Composite shot blasting forming method for double-curved-port frame structure of wing wallboard - Google Patents
Composite shot blasting forming method for double-curved-port frame structure of wing wallboard Download PDFInfo
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- CN113319197B CN113319197B CN202110505823.XA CN202110505823A CN113319197B CN 113319197 B CN113319197 B CN 113319197B CN 202110505823 A CN202110505823 A CN 202110505823A CN 113319197 B CN113319197 B CN 113319197B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
- B21D31/06—Deforming sheet metal, tubes or profiles by sequential impacts, e.g. hammering, beating, peen forming
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite shot blasting forming method of a double-curved mouth frame structure of a wing wallboard, which comprises the steps of adopting asymptotic forming to a thickened area of a mouth frame to realize chordwise single-curved deformation, adopting shot blasting forming to a thin wall area and the thickened area of the mouth frame in sequence under a prestress state, enabling the thin wall area to obtain a chordwise appearance firstly, then enabling the thickened area to generate spanwise deformation so as to obtain the double-curved appearance, simultaneously enabling the thickened area to further drive the thin wall area to generate spanwise deformation, enabling the thickened area to also obtain the double-curved appearance, finally using a digital display curvature instrument to check the waviness of the thin wall area and carrying out local manual shape correction, thereby enabling the mouth frame structure to obtain the chordwise double-curved appearance, and enabling the diameter of a surface spring pit, the waviness and the like to meet design requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shot peening forming of aircraft wing wallboard, in particular to shot peening forming processing of a wing wallboard with a complex hyperbolic shape with a mouth frame.
Background
The shot blasting forming refers to a forming process which utilizes impact of high-speed movement shot flow on the metal surface to generate microscopic plastic deformation on the metal surface layer material, introduces a residual compressive stress layer and accumulates a large amount of microscopic plastic deformation to finally generate macroscopic plastic deformation on a part, is suitable for forming processing of wing wallboards of modern large and medium-sized airplanes, particularly complex double-curved wallboards, and has the remarkable characteristics of inhibiting the deformation trend of shot blasting spherical surfaces, improving shot blasting forming limit and the like. However, there is a limitation in shot forming, for example, for a continuous mouth frame structure on a complex double-curved wall plate, because the periphery of the mouth frame is a thickened strip area, the thickness is large, the width is small, and the appearance is severe, so that the shot blasting area capable of realizing double-curved deformation is extremely small, the plastic expansion deformation amount generated by shot blasting is extremely limited, and the chordwise forming can be realized only by adopting large-diameter shots and applying large-pressure and slow-speed process parameters for multiple times in a prestress state during shot blasting, which causes the coverage rate of the shot in the thickened area of the mouth frame to be too high, the follow-up deformation space is free from shot blasting deformation correction, and the diameter of a surface pit is too poor, meanwhile, the thickened area chord-shaped mouth frame is in a spherical appearance after the inner surface spanwise forming is also required to be performed under the large-pressure and slow-speed process parameters, so that the coverage rate of the shot in the mouth frame area is too high, and the follow-up deformation correction space is greatly compressed. In addition, the thin wall area is arranged between the mouth frames, the rigidity difference between the mouth frames and the thickened area of the adjacent mouth frames is large, the most serious area of the thin wall panel is the thin shell effect, the thin wall area is subjected to shot blasting forming, the shot blasting stress layer can harden the surface layer of the material and even penetrate the thin wall area, the elastic layer in the middle of the material is less or even is not provided with the elastic layer, the shot blasting residual stress in the thin wall area of the mouth frames is unevenly distributed, the shot blasting appearance is discontinuous, namely the waviness is out of tolerance, so that the thin wall area can hardly be subjected to shot blasting forming by using large-diameter shots, and can not be reinforced by using small-diameter shots with high coverage rate. In order to solve the above problems, a novel and effective forming method is designed in combination with the existing shot peening forming process, so as to solve the shot peening forming problem of the double curved mouth frame structure and further improve the technical level of shot peening forming of the wing wallboard with the complex appearance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a compound shot blasting forming method, which comprises the steps of adopting asymptotic forming to a thickened area of a mouth frame to realize chordwise single-curve deformation, then adopting shot blasting forming to a thin-wall area and a thickened area of the mouth frame in turn under a spanwise prestress state, so that the thin-wall area and the thickened area both obtain chordwise double-curve appearance, and finally using a digital display curvature instrument to check the waviness of the thin-wall area and carry out local manual correction to ensure that the waviness meets design requirements.
A composite shot-blasting forming method of a double-curved-mouth frame structure of a wing wallboard comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of performing chord direction asymptotic forming on the thickened areas on the left side and the right side of a thin-wall area on a press bending forming machine, checking chord direction outline curvature of the thickened areas on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area by using an outline checking template in the forming process, controlling plastic deformation of materials by adopting a mode of measuring while pressing, and performing press bending for multiple times until the attaching gap is not more than 0.5mm if the outline curvature of the thickened areas on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area is smaller than the outline curvature of the outline checking template and the attaching gap between the thickened areas on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area and the outline checking template is larger than 0.5mm; if the appearance curvature of the thickened areas at the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area is larger than the appearance curvature of the appearance inspection template, and the attaching gap between the thickened areas at the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area and the appearance inspection template is larger than 0.5mm, back pressure is carried out, and the attaching gap between the thickened areas at the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area and the appearance inspection template is ensured to be not larger than 0.5mm.
performing chordwise shot blasting forming on the outer surface of the thin-wall region of the mouth frame, and performing spanwise prestress clamping on the mouth frame region before shot blasting to enable the mouth frame to be in an spanwise outward shape, namely a saddle shape, so as to inhibit spherical deformation effect generated on the outer surface during shot blasting of the thin-wall region and prevent the spanwise outward shape of the thickened regions on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame from being influenced; meanwhile, the thickness of the thin-wall area is thin, the minimum thickness is only 2mm, and the shot blasting can be carried out by adopting small-size shot, low-pressure and high-speed process parameters, so that the surface of the thin-wall area obtains low coverage rate, the spherical deformation trend of the thin-wall area is further reduced, and the outward expanding shape of the thickened area on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is hardly influenced during shot blasting due to the thin thickness and the poor rigidity of the thin-wall area, so that the purpose that the required chordwise shape is formed in the thin-wall area and the outward expanding shape of the thickened area on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is not influenced is achieved.
after the outer surfaces of the thin-wall areas are subjected to chordwise shot blasting forming in a stretching prestress clamping state of the mouth frame, the inner surfaces of the thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame are subjected to stretching shot blasting forming, and compared with the chordwise shot blasting effect of the thin-wall areas, the stretching prestress clamping of the mouth frame can lead the thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame to generate pre-deformation to form stretching deformation induction force so as to obviously improve the stretching deformation capacity of the thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame, and lead the thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame to be capable of forming required stretching shapes under the process parameters of lower pressure and higher speed, thereby leading the thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame to obtain chord stretching hyperbolic shapes under the conditions of ensuring that the diameter of a surface bullet pit is not out of tolerance and the bullet coverage rate is lower; meanwhile, because the thickness of the thickened area at the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is large, the rigidity is strong, and the stretching deformation can drive the thin-wall area to generate the stretching appearance at the same time, so that the string stretching hyperbolic deformation is also obtained in the thin-wall area.
the method comprises the steps of measuring the spreading arc height value of a thin-wall area of a mouth frame by using a digital display curvature meter, wherein the measurement span is the width of the thin-wall area, lambda is used for representing, the measured arc height value is wave depth, D is used for representing the waviness, D/lambda is less than or equal to 0.003, namely D is less than or equal to 0.003 lambda, when the arc height value is measured, the spreading direction is along the spreading direction, if the arc height value D is more than 0.003 lambda, the thin-wall area is subjected to manual shot blasting correction, and when the thin-wall area is corrected, the mode of side correction and side measurement is adopted, and the inner surface and the outer surface can be corrected until D is less than or equal to 0.003 lambda, namely the waviness D/lambda is less than or equal to 0.003.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the composite shot blasting forming method is provided for the double-curved mouth frame structure, the problem of overhigh shot coverage rate and ultra-poor diameter of a pit in the thickened area of the mouth frame is effectively avoided by adopting asymptotic forming for the thickened area of the mouth frame, then adopting shot blasting forming for the thin-wall area and the thickened area of the mouth frame in turn under the stretching pre-stress state, so that the thin-wall area firstly obtains the chord-wise appearance, then the thickened area generates the stretching deformation to obtain the double-curved appearance, meanwhile, the stretching deformation of the thickened area drives the thin-wall area to generate the stretching deformation to obtain the double-curved appearance, finally, the problem of overhigh shot coverage rate and ultra-poor diameter of the pit in the thickened area of the mouth frame is effectively avoided, and meanwhile, the pre-stress clamping times are reduced, the one-time clamping forming of the chord stretching is realized, in addition, the problem of ultra-poor ripple degree is avoided, and the shot blasting forming problem of the double-curved mouth frame structure is successfully solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a double-curved-mouth frame structure 1
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a double-curved-mouth frame structure 2
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the asymptotic formation of thickened areas on the left and right sides of a thin-walled region of a mouth frame
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the outline inspection of the thickened areas on the left and right sides of the thin-wall area of the mouth frame
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of inspecting waviness of thin-wall region of mouth frame
The numbering in the figures illustrates: 1. thickened areas at the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area; 2. thickening areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame; 3. a thin wall region; 4. a profile inspection template; 5. and a digital display curvature instrument.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a typical double-curved mouth frame structure of an outer wing skin of an aircraft is taken as an example, and a specific embodiment of the present invention is described below.
1. And (5) carrying out chord direction asymptotic forming on the thickened areas 1 at the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area of the mouth frame. The method comprises the steps that chord direction asymptotic forming is carried out on the thickened areas 1 on the left side and the right side of a thin-wall area on a press bending forming machine, in the forming process, the chord direction outline curvature of the thickened areas 1 on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area is checked by using an outline inspection template 4, plastic deformation of materials is controlled in a mode of pressing and measuring at the same time, and if the outline curvature of the thickened areas 1 on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area is smaller than the outline curvature of the outline inspection template 4, and the attaching gap between the thickened areas 1 on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area and the outline inspection template 4 is larger than 0.5mm, press bending is carried out for a plurality of times until the attaching gap is not larger than 0.5mm; if the appearance curvature of the thickened areas 1 on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area is larger than the appearance curvature of the appearance inspection template 4, and the lamination gap between the thickened areas 1 on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area and the appearance inspection template 4 is larger than 0.5mm, back pressure is carried out, and the lamination gap between the thickened areas 1 on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area and the appearance inspection template 4 is ensured to be not larger than 0.5mm.
2. And (5) performing prestress chordwise shot blasting forming on the thin-wall area 3 of the mouth frame. Performing chordwise shot blasting forming on the outer surface of the thin-wall region 3 of the mouth frame, and performing spanwise prestress clamping on the mouth frame region before shot blasting to enable the mouth frame to be in a spanwise outward shape, namely a saddle shape, so as to inhibit spherical deformation effect generated on the outer surface of the thin-wall region 3 during shot blasting and prevent the spanwise outward shape of the thickened region 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame from being influenced; meanwhile, the thickness of the thin-wall area 3 is thin, the minimum thickness is only 2mm, and the shot blasting can be carried out by adopting small-size shot, low-pressure and high-speed technological parameters, so that the surface of the thin-wall area 3 obtains low coverage rate, the spherical deformation trend of the thin-wall area 3 is further reduced, and the thickness of the thin-wall area 3 is thin and the rigidity is poor, so that the outward expansion shape of the thickened area 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is hardly influenced during shot blasting, and the purpose that the required chordwise appearance of the thin-wall area 3 is formed and the outward expansion shape of the thickened area 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is not influenced is achieved.
3. And (5) performing prestress spanwise shot blasting forming on the thickened areas 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame. After the outer surfaces of the thin-wall areas 3 are subjected to chordwise shot blasting forming under the state of stretching prestress clamping of the mouth frame area, the inner surfaces of the thickened areas 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame are subjected to stretching shot blasting forming, and compared with the chordwise shot blasting effect of the thin-wall areas 3, the stretching prestress clamping of the mouth frame area can lead the thickened areas 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame to generate prestress, so as to form stretching deformation induction force, so that the stretching deformation capacity of the thickened areas 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is obviously improved, the required stretching appearance can be formed under the process parameters of lower pressure and higher speed, and the chord stretching hyperbolic appearance can be obtained by the thickened areas 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame under the state of ensuring that the diameter of a surface spring pit is not out of tolerance and the bullet coverage rate is lower; meanwhile, as the thickness of the thickened area 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is large and the rigidity is strong, the stretching deformation can simultaneously drive the thin-wall area 3 to generate the stretching appearance, so that the thin-wall area 3 also obtains the string stretching hyperbolic deformation.
4. The waviness of the thin-walled region 3 is checked and manual shot peening and shaping are performed. The method comprises the steps of using a digital display curvature meter 5 to measure the spanwise arc height value of a mouth frame thin-wall area 3, wherein the measurement span is the width of the thin-wall area 3, lambda is used for representing, the measured arc height value is wave depth, D is used for representing the waviness, D/lambda is required to be smaller than or equal to 0.003, namely D is smaller than or equal to 0.003 lambda, when the arc height value is measured, if the arc height value D is larger than or equal to 0.003 lambda in the spanwise direction, the thin-wall area 3 is subjected to manual shot blasting correction, and when the correction is performed, the inner surface and the outer surface can be corrected by adopting a mode of correcting and measuring at the same time until D is smaller than or equal to 0.003 lambda, namely the waviness D/lambda is smaller than or equal to 0.003.
Through implementation of the steps, the problems of overhigh shot coverage rate, out-of-tolerance in pit diameter, out-of-tolerance in waviness and the like in shot forming processing of the double-curved-mouth frame structure of the wing wallboard are successfully solved, one-time clamping of the chord span direction is realized, the product quality and the production efficiency are effectively improved, the defect of conventional shot forming in processing of the double-curved-mouth frame structure is overcome, and the technical level of shot forming is further improved.
Claims (5)
1. A composite shot blasting forming method of a double-curved-mouth frame structure of a wing wallboard is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, carrying out chord direction asymptotic forming on thickened areas at the left side and the right side of a thin-wall area of a mouth frame;
step 2, performing prestress chordwise shot blasting forming on the thin-wall area of the mouth frame;
step 3, performing prestress spreading shot blasting forming on thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame;
and 4, checking waviness of the thin-wall area of the mouth frame and performing manual shot blasting correction.
2. The method is characterized in that in the step 1, chord direction asymptotic forming is carried out on the thickened areas on the left side and the right side of the thin-wall area of the opening frame on a press bending forming machine, the chord direction outline curvature of the thickened areas on the two sides of the thin-wall area is checked by using an outline checking template in the forming process, plastic deformation of the thickened areas is controlled by adopting a side pressing and side measuring mode, if the outline curvature of the thickened areas is smaller than the outline curvature of the checking template and the outline attaching gap is larger than 0.5mm, press bending is repeatedly carried out, so that the chord direction outline of the thickened areas and the attaching gap of the checking template are not larger than 0.5mm, if the outline curvature of the thickened areas is larger than the outline curvature of the checking template and the outline attaching gap of the thickened areas is larger than 0.5mm, back pressing is carried out, and the chord direction outline of the thickened areas and the attaching gap of the checking template is not larger than 0.5mm.
3. The method for forming the double-curved mouth frame structure composite shot blasting of the wing wallboard is characterized in that in the step 2, chordwise shot blasting is carried out on the outer surface of a thin wall area of the mouth frame, the mouth frame area is subjected to spanwise prestress clamping before shot blasting, so that the mouth frame is in a spanwise outward shape, the spherical deformation effect generated on the outer surface during shot blasting of the thin wall area is restrained, the required chordwise appearance is obtained, and the spanwise outward shape of the thickened area on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame is not influenced.
4. The method for forming the composite shot blasting of the double-curved mouth frame structure of the wing wallboard is characterized in that in the step 3, under the state of stretching prestress clamping of the mouth frame area, stretching shot blasting is carried out on the inner surfaces of the thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame to enable the inner surfaces to generate stretching deformation, so that the thickened areas of the mouth frame obtain a chord stretching double-curved shape, and meanwhile stretching deformation is carried out on the thickened areas on the upper side and the lower side of the mouth frame, and meanwhile, the thin-wall area is driven to generate stretching deformation, so that the thin-wall area also obtains the chord stretching double-curved shape.
5. The method for forming the composite shot blasting of the double-curved mouth frame structure of the wing wallboard is characterized in that in the step 4, a digital display curvature meter is used for measuring the spanwise arc height value of a thin wall area of the mouth frame, the measurement span is the width of the thin wall area, lambda is used for measuring the arc height value to be the wave depth, D is used for representing the waviness, D/lambda is required to be 0.003 or less, namely D is 0.003 lambda or less, the spanwise direction is required to be measured when the arc height value is measured, if the arc height value D is 0.003 lambda or more, the thin wall area is subjected to manual shot blasting forming, and the inner surface and the outer surface can be formed by adopting a mode of side correction and side measurement during the forming until the arc height value D is 0.003 or less, namely the waviness D/lambda is 0.003 or less.
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Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3328234B2 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2002-09-24 | 株式会社コタニ | Hypoid ring gear for differential and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW453236U (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2001-09-01 | Asian Pacific Alloy Ind Co Ltd | Compounded stretching mold for rolling type whirlpool spring and spring panel |
| CN101015908A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-08-15 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Large-scale complicated double-curvature wing wallboard chordwise shot-peening forming technique |
| CN103084800A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-05-08 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for pre-stretch bending of metal thick slab and numerical control machining forming of high-rib wallboard with curvature |
| CN103900520A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-02 | 西北工业大学 | Method for detecting geometric dimension of integral wall panel slab model |
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