CN114921627A - Shot blasting reverse deformation device for airplane support arm part and deformation control method using shot blasting reverse deformation device - Google Patents
Shot blasting reverse deformation device for airplane support arm part and deformation control method using shot blasting reverse deformation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114921627A CN114921627A CN202210616824.6A CN202210616824A CN114921627A CN 114921627 A CN114921627 A CN 114921627A CN 202210616824 A CN202210616824 A CN 202210616824A CN 114921627 A CN114921627 A CN 114921627A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a shot blasting inverse deformation device for an airplane support arm part and a deformation control method using the same, wherein the device comprises a shot blasting deformation control clamp, a shot blasting inverse deformation template, a positioning base, a positioning bolt and a locking nut; the deformation control method includes: (1) fixing the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control fixture; (2) mounting the shot blasting deformation control fixture and the airplane support arm part on the positioning base for heat treatment; (3) and separating the airplane support arm part from the shot blasting deformation control fixture, and performing inverse deformation effect evaluation by using a shot blasting inverse deformation template after heat treatment. The invention adopts a set of shot blasting reverse deformation device to carry out reverse deformation on the part in the heat treatment process before shot blasting, finishes the reverse deformation work before shot blasting in the heat treatment process, does not independently increase the deformation control or the deformation correction process, simultaneously removes the deformation correction work with great difficulty and workload after shot blasting, greatly shortens the processing period of the part and lightens the labor intensity of an operator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining and manufacturing of airplanes, relates to a shot blasting deformation control technology, and particularly relates to a shot blasting reversible deformation device for an airplane support arm part and a deformation control method using the same.
Background
The arm parts are typical structural members of the airplane and have the structural characteristics of long length and thin wall thickness. Aircraft support arm part's length thickness ratio is very big, often sets up strengthening rib structure in the inboard on the support arm and is used for increasing structural rigidity, also can lead to support arm both sides structure asymmetry simultaneously, and aircraft support arm part belongs to thin wall yielding, the steady structure of volatile on the whole. Shot peening is a process method for improving the fatigue strength of the surface of a material by continuously bombarding the surface of the material at a high speed by using a large number of shots to form a residual compressive stress field on the surface of the material so as to obtain a processing hardened layer with a certain depth. In the shot blasting process, the shot impacts the surface of the part to form surface compressive stress in a local area where the part is contacted with the shot. This compressive stress is caused by plastic deformation of the part after impact by the projectile at a localized location. On a macroscopic level, parts with different shot strength, structural form and dimensional characteristics also undergo plastic deformation to different degrees after shot blasting. Shot peening is used as an effective surface strengthening technology and widely applied to the field of aviation, and parts of key bearing parts of an airplane can obviously improve the reliability of products after shot peening. Due to the characteristics of thin wall, asymmetric structure and the like, the airplane support arm part can generate obvious macroscopic deformation after shot peening strengthening. The deformation belongs to variable curvature arc deformation, and is difficult to correct through manual shape correction. Particularly, for airplane support arm parts with assembly relations, the local maximum deformation after shot blasting deformation can reach 10-15mm, subsequent assembly cannot be normally carried out, a large out-of-tolerance scrap risk exists, and the problem becomes a bottleneck problem in the field of aviation in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an airplane support arm part shot blasting reverse shape device which can reduce the labor intensity of a manual shape operator and effectively control the shot blasting deformation of the airplane support arm part and a deformation control method using the same, and mainly aims at the airplane support arm part which is thin in wall thickness, asymmetric in structure, provided with reinforcing ribs on the inner side surface and provided with guide holes on the reinforcing ribs.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the shot blasting reversible deformation device for the airplane support arm part comprises a shot blasting deformation control clamp, a shot blasting reversible deformation template, a positioning base, a plurality of positioning bolts and locking nuts; the method is characterized in that: the shot blasting deformation control fixture is provided with a reversible deformation limiting binding surface, an avoiding groove cavity, a positioning waist-shaped hole and a heat dissipation notch structure; the anti-deformation limiting binding surface and the inner deformation surface of the airplane support arm part after shot blasting deformation are completely symmetrical about the theoretical position of the inner deformation surface of the airplane support arm, a plurality of heat dissipation notches are further formed in the anti-deformation limiting binding surface and used for enabling the airplane support arm part to be in a good heat treatment environment in the heat treatment heating and heat dissipation processes, and avoidance groove cavities are formed in the anti-deformation limiting binding surfaces on the two sides and used for avoiding reinforcing ribs on the airplane support arm part during clamping; the positioning waist-shaped hole is used for limiting the positions of the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp; the shot blasting reverse deformation template is used for checking the clamping state of the airplane support arm part clamped on the shot blasting deformation control clamp and evaluating the reverse deformation effect after heat treatment; the positioning bolts are used for fixing the shot blasting deformation control clamp and the airplane support arm part clamped on the shot blasting deformation control clamp onto the positioning base; the positioning bolts and the locking nuts are used for penetrating through the positioning waist-shaped holes to clamp and fix the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp.
Secondly, a deformation control method by using a shot blasting reversible deformation device of an airplane arm part comprises the following steps:
1. fixing the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp:
1) inserting the shot blasting deformation control fixture into the airplane support arm part, placing the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part in the avoidance groove cavity of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, and aligning the first row of holes in the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part with the first row of waist-shaped holes of the shot blasting deformation control fixture; 2) manually applying reverse deformation force to bend the airplane support arm part, so that the inner surface of the airplane support arm is attached to a limiting attaching surface of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, placing a reinforcing rib of the airplane support arm part in an avoiding groove cavity of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, and penetrating a first row and a last row of waist-shaped holes by using a positioning bolt and a locking nut to complete primary positioning; 3) after the other positioning bolts sequentially pass through the upper waist-shaped hole of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, the guide holes on the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part and the lower waist-shaped hole of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, the locking nut is screwed on the positioning bolts, and the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control fixture are fixed to form reverse deformation force; 4) checking the reverse deformation state of the airplane support arm part by using the shot blasting reverse deformation template, moving the airplane support arm part back and forth within the stroke range of the length of the waist-shaped hole to adjust the reverse deformation displacement, and screwing the locking nuts at all positions when the reverse deformation M of the airplane support arm part is more than or equal to 0 compared with the shot blasting reverse deformation template to complete the fixing work of the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp;
2. installing the shot blasting deformation control clamp and the airplane support arm part on the positioning base through the bolt, and carrying out heat treatment before the shot blasting process together:
1) fixing the positioning base on a bottom plate of the heat treatment furnace by using a pressing device; 2) a positioning bolt penetrates through the shot blasting deformation control clamp and then is inserted into a corresponding pin hole in the positioning base, and the shot blasting deformation control clamp and the airplane support arm part which is fixed with the shot blasting deformation control clamp are fixed on the positioning base; 3) carrying out heat treatment on the airplane support arm part according to the technical conditions of the part and corresponding standard requirements;
3. separating the airplane support arm part from the shot blasting deformation control clamp, and performing inverse deformation effect evaluation by using a shot blasting inverse deformation template after heat treatment:
after heat treatment, sequentially removing all positioning bolts and locking nuts from the position with the maximum reverse deformation, and pulling out the positioning bolt to separate the airplane support arm part, the shot blasting deformation control clamp and the positioning base; and (3) using a shot blasting reverse deformation template to perform reverse deformation effect evaluation on the airplane arm part subjected to heat treatment by taking the first row of pin holes as a reference.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention adopts a set of shot blasting inverse deformation device to carry out inverse deformation on the part in the heat treatment process before shot blasting, finishes inverse deformation work before shot blasting in the heat treatment process, does not increase deformation control or deformation correction process independently, and removes the deformation correction work with great difficulty and workload after shot blasting, thereby greatly shortening the processing period of the part and reducing the labor intensity of an operator; 2) the shot blasting reversible deformation device is convenient to clamp and easy to operate, has an interference magnitude adjusting space, and is convenient to operate and good in effect by moving the adjustable part back and forth to clamp and attach; 3) the shot blasting anti-deformation template is manufactured in the mirror image direction of the deformation state of the airplane support arm part after shot blasting, is light in weight and portable, and can monitor the anti-deformation state of the airplane support arm part at any time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aircraft arm assembly;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a shot-peening reverse forming apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of use of the shot-peening apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 3.
In the figure: 1 is a shot blasting deformation control clamp; 2 is a shot blasting reversible deformation template; 3 is a positioning bolt; 4 is a positioning bolt; 5 is a locking nut; 6 is a positioning base; 7 is a reversible deformation limiting binding surface; 8 is an avoiding groove cavity; 9 is a positioning waist-shaped hole; and 10 is a heat dissipation notch.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the material of the part of the airplane arm is AF1410 steel material, and the total length is about 1300 mm. This aircraft support arm part's wall thickness gradual change, two support arm medial surfaces all are equipped with the strengthening rib, all are equipped with the guide hole on the strengthening rib of every side. The outer side surface of the aircraft support arm part is provided with a sunken structure, and the sunken structure has an assembly relation with other parts, so the outer side surface of the aircraft support arm and the sunken structure thereof are surfaces which must ensure form and position accuracy. Because the sunken structure wall thickness is only 2.5mm, the aircraft support arm position only inboard is equipped with the strengthening rib simultaneously, and every support arm both sides structure is asymmetric. After the shot blasting strengthening of the airplane support arm part, the outer side surface of the support arm and the sunken structure thereof can generate extremely obvious deformation, and macroscopically, the support arms at two sides are outwards opened.
As shown in figure 2, the invention relates to a shot blasting reverse deformation device for an airplane arm part, which comprises a shot blasting deformation control clamp 1, a shot blasting reverse deformation template 2, a positioning base 6, two positioning bolts 3, a plurality of positioning bolts 4 and a locking nut 5. The shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 is provided with a reversible deformation limiting binding surface 7, an avoiding groove cavity 8, a positioning waist-shaped hole 9 and a heat dissipation notch 10. The reversible deformation limiting binding surface 7 and the inner deformation surface of the airplane support arm part after shot blasting deformation are completely symmetrical about the theoretical position of the inner deformation surface of the airplane support arm, a plurality of heat dissipation notches 10 are further formed in the reversible deformation limiting binding surface 7 and used for enabling the airplane support arm part to be in a good heat treatment environment in the heat treatment heating and heat dissipation processes, and hiding groove cavities 8 are formed in the reversible deformation limiting binding surfaces 7 on the two sides and used for hiding reinforcing ribs on the airplane support arm part during clamping. The positioning kidney-shaped hole 9 is used for limiting the positions of the airplane arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1. The shot blasting reverse deformation template 2 is used for checking the clamping state of the airplane support arm part clamped on the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 and evaluating the reverse deformation effect after heat treatment. The two positioning bolts 3 are used for fixing the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 and the airplane support arm part clamped on the shot blasting deformation control clamp onto the positioning base 6. The positioning bolts 4 and the locking nuts 5 are used for penetrating through the positioning waist-shaped holes 9 to clamp and fix the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1.
Because the thermal expansion coefficients of different materials are different, the shot-peening deformation control clamp 1, the positioning bolt 3 and the positioning base 6 are made of AF1410 steel materials which are the same as those of the airplane arm part shown in figure 1, and other parts are made of materials with small thermal expansion coefficients, so that the reverse deformation effect of the shot-peening deformation control clamp 1 on the airplane arm part is prevented from being influenced.
The shot blasting reverse deformation template 2 is processed by a stainless steel sheet, has good corrosion resistance, is beneficial to long-term use, and can reduce the weight and facilitate use by using the sheet. The outline cambered surfaces on the two sides of the shot blasting reversible deformation template 2 coincide with the reversible deformation limiting binding surfaces 7 on the two sides of the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the deformation control method of the shot blasting reverse deformation device for the airplane arm part comprises the following steps:
(1) and positioning the airplane arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1.
(1.1) inserting the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 into the airplane support arm part from the opening of the airplane support arm part, placing a reinforcing rib on the airplane support arm part into an avoiding groove cavity 8 of the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 during insertion, and aligning a first row of holes on the reinforcing rib of the airplane support arm part with a first row of waist-shaped holes on the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1;
(1.2) manually applying reverse deformation force to enable the inner surfaces of the support arms on the two sides of the airplane support arm part to be attached to the reversible deformation limiting binding surfaces 7 on the two sides of the shot blasting deformation control fixture 1, and placing the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part in the avoiding groove cavity 8 of the shot blasting deformation control fixture 1. The first row and the last row of four holes of the reinforcing ribs on the airplane support arm part are aligned with the positioning waist-shaped holes 9 in corresponding positions, the positioning bolts 4 sequentially penetrate through the positioning waist-shaped holes 9, the guide holes in the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part, and the positioning waist-shaped holes 9, and then the four positioning bolts 4 and the four locking nuts 5 are screwed and fixed to complete the primary positioning of the airplane support arm part on the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1.
And (1.3) positioning the rest guide holes on the reinforcing ribs of the airplane arm part with the positioning waist-shaped holes 9 in the corresponding positions by using the positioning bolts 4. And sequentially screwing the nuts 5 on the positioning bolts 4 to complete the positioning work of the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1, wherein the locking nuts 5 are not completely screwed at the moment.
(1.4) the positioned airplane arm part can only move in the length direction of the positioning waist-shaped hole 9, and the degrees of freedom in other five directions are fixed by the shot peening deformation control clamp 1.
(2) And checking the reversible deformation state of the airplane support arm part by using the shot blasting reversible deformation template 2, and fixing the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1. In the length range of the positioning waist-shaped hole 9, the airplane arm part moves forwards and backwards, and when the airplane arm part moves backwards, the range of reverse deformation of the airplane arm part and the displacement of the reverse deformation of the inner surface of the airplane arm part relative to the theoretical position can be increased. And when the reverse deformation amount M of the airplane support arm part compared with the shot blasting reverse deformation template 2 is more than or equal to 0, screwing the locking nuts 5 at all positions to complete the fixing work of the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1.
(3) After the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 and the airplane support arm part are arranged on the positioning base 6 through the positioning bolt 3, the whole is subjected to heat treatment before shot blasting.
And (3.1) fixing the positioning base 6 on the bottom plate of the heat treatment furnace by using a pressing device.
And (3.2) inserting the positioning bolt 3 into a corresponding pin hole on the positioning base 6 after penetrating through the shot peening deformation control clamp 1, and fixing the shot peening deformation control clamp 1 and the airplane arm part which is fixed with the shot peening deformation control clamp on the positioning base 6.
And (3.3) carrying out heat treatment on the airplane support arm part fixed with the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 according to the technical conditions of the part and the corresponding standard requirements.
(4) The airplane arm part is separated from the shot peening deformation control fixture 1, and deformation state inspection is performed after heat treatment by using a shot peening reverse deformation template 2. After the heat treatment, all the positioning bolts 4 and the locknuts 5 are sequentially removed from the position with the maximum reverse deformation, the positioning bolts 3 are pulled out to separate the airplane arm part, the shot blasting deformation control clamp 1 and the positioning base 6, and then the shot blasting reverse deformation template 2 is used for checking the reverse deformation state.
(5) And finishing the shot blasting deformation control work of the airplane support arm part.
Claims (2)
1. A shot blasting reversible deformation device for an airplane support arm part comprises a shot blasting deformation control clamp (1), a shot blasting reversible deformation template (2), a positioning base (6), a plurality of positioning bolts (3), a plurality of positioning bolts (4) and a locking nut (5); the method is characterized in that: the shot blasting deformation control clamp (1) is provided with a reversible deformation limiting binding surface (7), an avoiding groove cavity (8), a positioning waist-shaped hole (9) and a heat dissipation notch (10) structure; the anti-deformation limiting binding surface (7) and the inner-shaped surface of the airplane support arm part after shot blasting deformation are completely symmetrical about the theoretical position of the inner-shaped surface of the airplane support arm, a plurality of heat dissipation notches (10) are further formed in the anti-deformation limiting binding surface (7) and used for enabling the airplane support arm part to be in a good heat treatment environment in the heat treatment heating and heat dissipation processes, and hiding groove cavities (8) are formed in the anti-deformation limiting binding surfaces (7) on the two sides and used for hiding reinforcing ribs on the airplane support arm part during clamping; the positioning waist-shaped hole (9) is used for limiting the positions of the airplane arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp (1); the shot blasting reverse deformation template (2) is used for checking the clamping state of the airplane support arm part after being clamped on the shot blasting deformation control clamp (1) and evaluating the reverse deformation effect after heat treatment; the positioning bolts (3) are used for fixing the shot blasting deformation control clamp (1) and the airplane support arm part clamped on the shot blasting deformation control clamp onto the positioning base (6); the positioning bolts (4) and the locking nuts (5) are used for penetrating through the positioning waist-shaped holes (9) to clamp and fix the airplane support arm parts and the shot blasting deformation control clamp (1).
2. A deformation control method using a shot blasting reverse deformation device of an airplane arm part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, fixing the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp:
1) inserting the shot blasting deformation control fixture into the airplane support arm part, placing the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part in the avoiding groove cavity of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, and aligning the first row of holes on the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part with the first row of waist-shaped holes of the shot blasting deformation control fixture;
2) manually applying reverse deformation force to bend the airplane support arm part, so that the inner surface of the airplane support arm is attached to a limiting attaching surface of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, placing a reinforcing rib of the airplane support arm part in an avoiding groove cavity of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, and penetrating a first row and a last row of waist-shaped holes by using a positioning bolt and a locking nut to complete primary positioning;
3) after the other positioning bolts sequentially pass through the upper waist-shaped hole of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, the guide holes on the reinforcing ribs of the airplane support arm part and the lower waist-shaped hole of the shot blasting deformation control fixture, a locking nut is screwed on the positioning bolts to fix the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control fixture to form reverse deformation force;
4) checking the reversible deformation state of the airplane support arm part by using the shot blasting reversible deformation template, moving the airplane support arm part back and forth within the stroke range of the length of the waist-shaped hole to adjust the reverse deformation displacement, and screwing the locking nuts at all positions when the airplane support arm part is not less than 0 in comparison with the reverse deformation M of the shot blasting reversible deformation template to complete the fixing work of the airplane support arm part and the shot blasting deformation control clamp;
the second step, pass through the bolt with peening deformation control anchor clamps and aircraft support arm part and install on the location base to together carry out heat treatment before the peening technology:
1) fixing the positioning base on the bottom plate of the heat treatment furnace by using a pressing device;
2) a positioning bolt penetrates through the shot blasting deformation control clamp and then is inserted into a corresponding pin hole in the positioning base, and the shot blasting deformation control clamp and the airplane support arm part which is fixed with the shot blasting deformation control clamp are fixed on the positioning base;
3) carrying out heat treatment on the airplane support arm part according to the technical conditions of the part and corresponding standard requirements;
thirdly, separating the airplane support arm part from the shot blasting deformation control fixture, and performing inverse deformation effect evaluation by using a shot blasting inverse deformation template after heat treatment:
after heat treatment, sequentially removing all positioning bolts and locking nuts from the position with the maximum reversible deformation, and pulling out the positioning bolt to separate the airplane support arm part, the shot blasting deformation control clamp and the positioning base; and (3) using the shot blasting reverse deformation template to perform reverse deformation effect evaluation on the airplane arm part subjected to heat treatment by taking the first row of pin holes as a reference.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210616824.6A CN114921627B (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Aircraft support arm part shot blasting reverse deformation device and deformation control method using same |
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| CN202210616824.6A CN114921627B (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Aircraft support arm part shot blasting reverse deformation device and deformation control method using same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117921551A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-26 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Shot blasting correction method for controlling deformation of frame parts |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114921627B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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