CN107552800B - A kind of gear bush - Google Patents
A kind of gear bush Download PDFInfo
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- CN107552800B CN107552800B CN201710622890.3A CN201710622890A CN107552800B CN 107552800 B CN107552800 B CN 107552800B CN 201710622890 A CN201710622890 A CN 201710622890A CN 107552800 B CN107552800 B CN 107552800B
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- gear bush
- sintering
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of axle sleeves, and in particular to a kind of gear bush belongs to powder metallurgical technology.The gear bush material is by following weight percent at being grouped as: C0.6-0.9%, Cu1.3-1.7%, Ni1.55-1.95%, Ce0.03-0.05%, Mo0.4-0.6%, Mn0.05-0.30%, stearic acid 0.8-1.4%, remaining is iron.The problem of gear bush compatibility of the present invention is reasonable, is increasing secondary compacting on the basis of prior powder metallurgy pressing one-time sintering, is overcoming green part hole after sintering excessive, short texture increases substantially product hardness and density after powder metallurgy.And the secondary compacting previous existence blank surface of the present invention coats protective agent, protective agent can fill green part surface pore, increase temperature afterwards, make protective agent to spreading inside green part, to obtain the sintered gear(s) axle sleeve of densification, improve its density and hardness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of axle sleeves, and in particular to a kind of gear bush belongs to powder metallurgical technology.
Technical background
Gear is the important component in Machine Design, and axle sleeve, which is usually set on rotary gear shaft, plays protection to rotary gear shaft
Effect, gear bush possess the two function, possess gear parts and axle sleeve part.Powder metallurgy is currently widely used tooth
Axle sleeve processing method, not only technology chain is short for this method, but also is machined less, greatlys save metal material, reduces cost.
But the intensity and wear-resisting property of the gear bush that can be generally cold-pressed out at present are bad, are unfavorable for being applied to automobile engine, become
In the high-strength workings equipment such as fast device.It includes water that Chinese patent application (publication number: CN106111976A), which discloses a kind of raw material,
Atomized iron powder, copper powder, molybdenum powder, vanadium powder, nickel powder, yttrium powder, aluminium powder, magnesium powder, cobalt powder, lead powder, steel-making slag powder, cupola furnace ground-slag, iron
Alloy ground-slag, modified tree ash powder, graphite powder, amino resins, polyether modified silicon oil, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, stearic acid
Zinc, polyethylene glycol, ethylene bis stearic acid amide, stearic acid, carbon fibre, glass fibre, boron nitride, epoxypropoxy three
Methoxy silane, silica, manganese sulfide, acrylate, inhibitor, binder, hardening agent, cutting agent, lubricant, coupling
Agent, dispersing agent powder metallurgical gear, although Wear Resistance and intensity increase, material composition is excessively complicated, unfavorable
In large-scale industrial production.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, propose a kind of high-intensitive, high rigidity
Gear bush.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is realized by following technical solution: a kind of gear bush, the gear bush material
By following weight percent at being grouped as: C:0.6-0.9%, Cu:1.3-1.7%, Ni:1.55-1.95%, Ce:0.03-
0.05%, Mo:0.4-0.6%, Mn:0.05-0.30%, stearic acid: 0.8-1.4%, remaining is iron.
Middle gear axle sleeve blank of the present invention is ferrous alloy, contains carbon in component, it can form gap solid solution with iron
Body, copper play solution strengthening effect, improve density of material and intensity, nickel and mainly improve the strength of materials and hardness, it and copper simultaneously into
Row alloying, to stablize integral sintered structure, rare earth element ce can remove the impurity element in alloy, make each metal bonding more
To be close, molybdenum can improve the strength of materials and harden ability, reduce temper brittleness, and manganese prevents material surface from existing as deoxidier
Space gap, structure is more fine and close, improves the strength of materials, also added lubricant in the present invention, it can be reduced in metal forming
Friction stree increases metal fluidity, to have the function that the temperature rise that prolongs the service life and reduce.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation methods of gear bush, method includes the following steps:
Mixing: gear bush material is added in batch mixer, is stirred evenly and is obtained its mixture of powders;
Compacting: mixture of powders is put into preset product mold, and is pressed into life under the pressure of 500-600MPa
Blank;
Sintering: green part is sintered under the protection of hydrogen and nitrogen;
Secondary compacting: after green part surface coats one layer of protective agent after sintering, pressing step is repeated, and suppressing
Temperature is increased in journey, obtains semi-finished product blank after 800-900 DEG C of heat preservation 30-60min;
Post-processing: steam treatment is directly carried out after being processed with numerically-controlled machine tool.
Teeth portion high-frequency quenching: being placed in high-frequency current workspace for semi-finished product blank, setting electric current frequency 400-500KHz,
5-10s is quenched, room temperature cooling obtains gear bush finished product.
Powder metallurgy can be existed largely using the product obtained after a pressing one-time sintering, surface and its inside
Hole can make the main original that its anti-fatigue performance substantially reduces and finished powder metalluric product wearability, intensity and hardness reduce
Cause.The present invention has carried out secondary compacting again after sintering, and suppresses preceding in green part surface coating protective agent, the protective agent energy
Green part surface pore is filled, secondary compacting needs to increase temperature, makes protective agent to spreading inside green part, to be caused
Close sintered gear(s) axle sleeve, improves its density and hardness.
Its technique initialization of the sintering is 1100-1200 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 3-4h.
The volume ratio that the hydrogen and nitrogen is passed through is 2-3:1.Sintering atmosphere can influence sintered body in sintering process
Porosity, consistency, intensity and hardness etc..The present invention has been passed through hydrogen and nitrogen, and hydrogen is reducing atmosphere, can protect
Metal is not oxidized to be reduced with metal oxide in green compact, and hydrogen gas atomic size is small, and diffusion coefficient is big, is conducive to
Stomata is sintered to exclude.Nitrogen is a kind of inert atmosphere, and the not oxidized impurity in environment of blank in furnace can be made to stick together.
Wherein hydrogen, which need to participate in reacting, reaches effect, and throughput is slightly more than nitrogen, but it is extremely uneasy to be mixed into oxygen under excessive atmosphere of hydrogen
Entirely.
It coats protectant with a thickness of 0.2mm-1mm.The protective agent includes the component of following parts by weight: fluorine element
Oil: 30-50 parts, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: 10-20 parts, glyceryl alcohol: 10-15 parts, magnesia: 2-5 parts, silica: 2-5
Part, tungsten carbide: 2-5 parts.Protective agent includes fluorine element oil, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, glyceryl alcohol, magnesia, oxygen in the present invention
SiClx, tungsten carbide, fluorine element oil are a kind of good metallic lubricants, can greatly improve the anti-fatigue performance of metal, hydroxypropyl first
Base cellulose is quickly spread in fluorine element oil by glyceryl alcohol, and solution can be made to become sticky after heating and facilitate coating, and hydroxypropyl
Methylcellulose is a kind of effective toughness filler, can play the role of filling and closing green part hole, suppress again
Also phenomena such as being avoided that cracking increases the toughness and wear-resisting property of powder metallurgy.Magnesia, silica addition can change
Kind the wear-resisting of metal, toughness, impact strength, tungsten carbide extreme hardness, three can be attached to green part surface under high temperature, change
Kind green part surface hardness and intensity.
Its technique initialization of the sintering is 1100-1200 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 3-4h.
The magnesia, silica, tungsten carbide granularity be nanoscale.Nano material fine size is convenient for protecting
Rapid dispersion in agent solvent phase, and activity is strong, has humidification to alloy surface, is attached to energy rapid osmotic behind surface, enhancing
Alloy surface hardness and density.
The steam treatment is first warming up to 500-600 DEG C the specific steps are semi-finished product blank to be placed in reacting furnace,
Nitrogen 30-50min is then passed to, two-period form is then carried out and is passed through vapor.
The two-period form is passed through the flue pressure of first segment in vapor when being 1-5Kpa, and water vapour is passed through the time and is
80-150min;The flue pressure of second segment is 25-35Kpa, and water vapour is passed through the time as 60-120min.
As long as steam treatment purpose is to form one layer of densification, the continuous, Fe that is evenly distributed on ferrous alloy surface3O4Protection
Film improves surface smoothness hardness, air-tightness, wearability and corrosion resistance etc..But it under different conditions due to Fe, can give birth to
At three kinds of oxides, i.e. FeO, Fe2O3、Fe3O4, FeO is unstable, and has porous structure, and Fe2O3 is very loose oxygen
Compound, both is not strong with the binding force of iron matrix, is unfavorable for improving hardness, the air-tightness of part, so steam treatment
When need to control strict temperature control, time, reaction pressure obtain ideal Fe3O4Oxidation film.
The prior art is compared, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, the green part of gear bush of the present invention is ferrous alloy, and component includes the metals such as C, Cu, Ni, Ce, Mo, Mn member
Element improves the intensity and density of gear bush by the synergistic effect generated between component.
2, the present invention is increasing secondary compacting on the basis of pressing one-time sintering of prior powder metallurgy, overcomes
The problems such as green part hole is excessive after sintering, short texture, improves the hardness and density of gear bush.
3, the secondary compacting previous existence blank surface of the present invention coats protective agent, and protective agent can fill green part surface pore, after
Temperature is increased, makes protective agent to spreading inside green part, to obtain fine and close sintered gear(s) axle sleeve, improves its density and hard
Degree, moreover it is possible to lubricate the entire alloy of toughening, prevent phenomena such as alloy becomes fragile, cracks under high pressure-temperature.
4, method for preparing powder metallurgy of the present invention eliminates whole quenching, tempering after sintering, can reduce and be produced into
This, improves production efficiency.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention, and technical scheme of the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Mixing: gear bush material is added in batch mixer by table 1, stirs evenly and obtains its mixture of powders;Described
Gear bush material includes consisting of element and its weight percent: C:0.6%, Cu:1.3%, Ni:1.55%, Ce:
0.03%, Mo:0.4%, Mn:0.05%, stearic acid: 0.8%, remaining is iron.
Compacting: mixture of powders is put into preset product mold, and is pressed into green compact under the pressure of 500MPa
Part;
Sintering: green part is put into net belt type sintering furnace, hydrogen and nitrogen that volume ratio is 2:1 is filled with, at 1100 DEG C
At a temperature of be sintered 3h;
Secondary compacting: after green part surface coats one layer of protective agent after sintering, pressing step is repeated, and suppressing
Temperature is increased in journey, obtains semi-finished product blank after 800 DEG C of heat preservation 30min;The protective agent includes following parts by weight
Component: fluorine element oil: 30 parts, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: 10 parts, glyceryl alcohol: 10 parts, nano magnesia: 2 parts, nano oxidized
Silicon: 2 parts, nano silicon oxide: 2 parts, protection agent material is uniformly mixed under heating water bath, obtains protective agent slurry.
Post-processing: steam treatment is directly carried out after processing semi-finished product blank with numerically-controlled machine tool, semi-finished product blank is placed in instead
It answers in furnace, is first warming up to 500 DEG C, then pass to nitrogen 30min, then carry out two-period form and be passed through vapor.The two-period form
When the flue pressure for being passed through first segment in vapor is 1Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 80min;The flue pressure of second segment
For 25Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 60min.
Teeth portion high-frequency quenching: semi-finished product blank is placed in high-frequency current workspace, setting electric current frequency 400KHz, quenching
5s, room temperature cooling obtain gear bush finished product.
Embodiment 2
Mixing: gear bush material is added in batch mixer, is stirred evenly and is obtained its mixture of powders;The gear
Material, axle sleeve includes consisting of element and its weight percent: C:0.7%, Cu:1.5%, Ni:1.7%, Ce:0.04%,
Mo:0.5%, Mn:0.1%, stearic acid: 1%, remaining is iron.
Compacting: mixture of powders is put into preset product mold, and is pressed into green compact under the pressure of 530MPa
Part;
Sintering: green part is put into net belt type sintering furnace, hydrogen and nitrogen that volume ratio is 2.5:1 is filled with, 1120
3.4h is sintered at a temperature of DEG C;
Secondary compacting: after green part surface coats one layer of protective agent after sintering, pressing step is repeated, and suppressing
Temperature is increased in journey, obtains semi-finished product blank after 830 DEG C of heat preservation 40min;The protective agent includes following parts by weight
Component: fluorine element oil: 40 parts, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: 14 parts, glyceryl alcohol: 12 parts, nano magnesia: 3 parts, nano oxidized
Silicon: 3 parts, nano silicon oxide: 3 parts, protection agent material is uniformly mixed under heating water bath, obtains protective agent slurry.
Post-processing: steam treatment is directly carried out after processing semi-finished product blank with numerically-controlled machine tool, semi-finished product blank is placed in instead
It answers in furnace, is first warming up to 550 DEG C, then pass to nitrogen 40min, then carry out two-period form and be passed through vapor.The two-period form
When the flue pressure for being passed through first segment in vapor is 1Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 80min;The flue pressure of second segment
For 25Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 60min.
Teeth portion high-frequency quenching: semi-finished product blank is placed in high-frequency current workspace, setting electric current frequency 430KHz, quenching
7s, room temperature cooling obtain gear bush finished product.
Embodiment 3
Mixing: gear bush material is added in batch mixer, is stirred evenly and is obtained its mixture of powders;The gear
Material, axle sleeve includes consisting of element and its weight percent: C:0.8%, Cu:1.6%, Ni:1.85%, Ce:0.05%,
Mo:0.55%, Mn:0.2%, stearic acid: 1.2%, remaining is iron.
Compacting: mixture of powders is put into preset product mold, and is pressed into green compact under the pressure of 500MPa
Part;
Sintering: green part is put into net belt type sintering furnace, hydrogen and nitrogen that volume ratio is 2.5:1 is filled with, 1180
3.8h is sintered at a temperature of DEG C;
Secondary compacting: after green part surface coats one layer of protective agent after sintering, pressing step is repeated, and suppressing
Temperature is increased in journey, obtains semi-finished product blank after 880 DEG C of heat preservation 50min;The protective agent includes following parts by weight
Component: fluorine element oil: 45 parts, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: 18 parts, glyceryl alcohol: 14 parts, nano magnesia: 4 parts, nano oxidized
Silicon: 4 parts, nano silicon oxide: 4 parts, protection agent material is uniformly mixed under heating water bath, obtains protective agent slurry.
Post-processing: steam treatment is directly carried out after processing semi-finished product blank with numerically-controlled machine tool, semi-finished product blank is placed in instead
It answers in furnace, is first warming up to 580 DEG C, then pass to nitrogen 45min, then carry out two-period form and be passed through vapor.The two-period form
When the flue pressure for being passed through first segment in vapor is 1Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 80min;The flue pressure of second segment
For 25Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 60min.
Teeth portion high-frequency quenching: being placed in high-frequency current workspace for semi-finished product blank, setting electric current frequency 400-500KHz,
5-10s is quenched, room temperature cooling obtains gear bush finished product.
Embodiment 4
Mixing: gear bush material is added in batch mixer, is stirred evenly and is obtained its mixture of powders;The gear
Material, axle sleeve includes consisting of element and its weight percent: C:0.9%, Cu:1.7%, Ni:1.95%, Ce:0.06%,
Mo:0.6%, Mn:0.3%, stearic acid: 1.4%, remaining is iron.
Compacting: mixture of powders is put into preset product mold, and is pressed into green compact under the pressure of 600MPa
Part;
Sintering: green part is put into net belt type sintering furnace, hydrogen and nitrogen that volume ratio is 3:1 is filled with, at 1200 DEG C
At a temperature of be sintered 4h;
Secondary compacting: after green part surface coats one layer of protective agent after sintering, pressing step is repeated, and suppressing
Temperature is increased in journey, obtains semi-finished product blank after 900 DEG C of heat preservation 60min;The protective agent includes following parts by weight
Component: fluorine element oil: 50 parts, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: 20 parts, glyceryl alcohol: 15 parts, nano magnesia: 5 parts, nano oxidized
Silicon: 5 parts, nano silicon oxide: 5 parts, protection agent material is uniformly mixed under heating water bath, obtains protective agent slurry.
Post-processing: steam treatment is directly carried out after processing semi-finished product blank with numerically-controlled machine tool, semi-finished product blank is placed in instead
It answers in furnace, is first warming up to 600 DEG C, then pass to nitrogen 50min, then carry out two-period form and be passed through vapor.The two-period form
When the flue pressure for being passed through first segment in vapor is 1Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 80min;The flue pressure of second segment
For 25Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 60min.
Teeth portion high-frequency quenching: semi-finished product blank is placed in high-frequency current workspace, setting electric current frequency 500KHz, quenching
10s, room temperature cooling obtain gear bush finished product.
Comparative example 1
The difference from embodiment 1 is that not carrying out secondary compacting.
Comparative example 2
The difference from embodiment 1 is that protective agent is not added in secondary pressing process.
Comparative example 3
The difference from embodiment 1 is that saving steam treatment.
Comparative example 4
The difference from embodiment 1 is that saving teeth portion high-frequency quenching.
The gear bush finished product for implementing 1-4 and comparative example 1-4 is tested for the property, test data is as shown in table 1.
The gear bush end properties test result of 1 couple of table implementation 1-4 and comparative example 1-4
Gear bush of the present invention passes through and reasonably matches as can be seen from Table 1, and the secondary compacting in preparation significantly mentions
The high density of gear bush, hardness, intensity etc..
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in field can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or by a similar method
Substitution, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of gear bush, which is characterized in that the gear bush material by following weight percent at
It is grouped as: C:0.6-0.9%, Cu:1.3-1.7%, Ni:1.55-1.95%, Ce:0.03-0.05%, Mo:0.4-0.6%, Mn:
0.05-0.30%, stearic acid: 0.8-1.4%, remaining is iron;
The method the following steps are included:
Mixing: gear bush material is added in batch mixer, is stirred evenly and is obtained its mixture of powders;
Compacting: mixture of powders is put into preset product mold, and is pressed into green part under the pressure of 500-600MPa;
Sintering: green part is sintered under the protection of hydrogen and nitrogen;
Secondary compacting: after green part surface coats one layer of protective agent after sintering, pressing step is repeated, and rise in pressing process
High-temperature, obtains semi-finished product blank after 800-900 DEG C of heat preservation 30-60min, and the coating is protectant with a thickness of 0.2mm-
1mm, the protective agent include the component of following parts by weight: fluorine element oil: 30-50 parts, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: 10-20
Part, glyceryl alcohol: 10-15 parts, magnesia: 2-5 parts, silica: 2-5 parts, tungsten carbide: 2-5 parts;
Post-processing: steam treatment is carried out after lathe in machining;
Teeth portion high-frequency quenching: semi-finished product blank is placed in high-frequency current workspace, setting electric current frequency 400-500KHz quenches 5-
10s, room temperature cooling obtain gear bush finished product.
2. the preparation method of gear bush according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its technique initialization of the sintering is
1100-1200 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 3-4h.
3. the preparation method of gear bush according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the steam treatment specific steps
For semi-finished product blank to be placed in reacting furnace, it is first warming up to 500-600 DEG C, then passes to nitrogen 30-50min, then carries out two
Segmentation is passed through water vapour.
4. the preparation method of gear bush according to claim 3, which is characterized in that two-period form is passed through in water vapour
When one section of flue pressure is 1-5Kpa, water vapour is passed through the time as 80-150min;The flue pressure of second segment is 25-
35Kpa, water vapour are passed through the time as 60-120min.
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CN201710622890.3A CN107552800B (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2017-07-27 | A kind of gear bush |
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CN107552800A CN107552800A (en) | 2018-01-09 |
CN107552800B true CN107552800B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
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CN112775430A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-11 | 天津跃峰科技股份有限公司 | Machining method for fan impeller shaft sleeve |
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CN101386073A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-18 | 葛莲 | Method for manufacturing powder metallurgy guide |
CN101386068A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-18 | 葛莲 | Powder metallurgy guide seat and manufacturing method thereof |
CN102888562A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-01-23 | 宁波拓发汽车零部件有限公司 | Damper compression valve and preparation method thereof |
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