CN105478743A - Guider of automobile shock absorber and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Guider of automobile shock absorber and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105478743A CN105478743A CN201510847230.6A CN201510847230A CN105478743A CN 105478743 A CN105478743 A CN 105478743A CN 201510847230 A CN201510847230 A CN 201510847230A CN 105478743 A CN105478743 A CN 105478743A
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(hydrazinesulfonyl)phenoxy]benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)NN)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NN)C=C1 NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 wherein Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a guider of an automobile shock absorber and a manufacturingmethod thereof, and belongs to the field of automobile spare parts. The guider of the automobile shock absorber is formed by hot-pressing and sintering alloy powder, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agents and binders, wherein the mass ratio of the alloy powder, the ceramic powder, the pore-foaming agents and the binders is 100 to 40-90 to 0.3-1 to 1-5; the alloy powder is composed of, by weight, 2-8% of reduction copper powder, 2-8% of graphite powder, 0.3-2% of phosphorization iron powder, 0.5-3% of manganese sulfide, 3-12% of chromium powder, 0.5-3% of nickel powder and the balance iron powder. The invention further provides the manufacturingmethod of the guider of the automobile shock absorber. According to the manufacturing method, material for manufacturingthe guider of the automobile shock absorber is reasonably selected, the alloy powder and the ceramic powder are selected for manufacturing porous material, multi-stage high-temperature sintering and low-temperature tempering are adopted after forming, and therefore the weightof the guider of the automobile shock absorber is lowered, the comprehensive property of the guider is improved, the mechanical property of the guider is excellent, the strength, the rigidity, the wear resistance and the high temperature resistance of the guider are good, the cost is low, the use efficiency of the guider is improved, and the service life of the guider is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile absorber guider and preparation method thereof, belong to materials processing technology field.
Background technology
Usually all damper is installed in automobile suspension system, fluctuation when damper can make automobile reduce traveling in the process of moving, is reached the object improving comfortableness by bus and security by the damping, buffering effect of damper.The parts of rigid connection are converted to fixing elasticity and connect by damper.Guider is fitted on damper, mainly the piston rod be slidably mounted in damper working cylinder is play the guiding role, ensure the ride comfort of piston in running, and by the oil-through hole of guider, unnecessary shock absorber fluid being transported in oil storage cylinder in piston movement process, guarantee working cylinder is communicated with oil storage cylinder.
Because guider of shock absorber needs repeatedly back and forth movement, therefore need good product density and air tightness.Existing guider of shock absorber in the course of the work, because its intensity, hardness are inadequate, are damaged, thus have impact on the normal work of damper.What traditional guider of shock absorber adopted is casting processing mode, and dimensional accuracy is lower, and subsequent machining technology is complicated, need high-precision lathe to make, production work efficiency comparison is low, adopts portable mold to carry out finishing, finishing accuracy is not high, efficiency is low, and error is large, unstable product quality, especially insufficient strength, wearability, heat-resisting quantity are not good, and because material single, obtained guider of shock absorber quality is all larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problems referred to above existed for prior art, propose the automobile absorber guider of a kind of high strength, high rigidity, high-wearing feature, high temperature tolerance and light weight.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of automobile absorber guider, described automobile absorber guider by mass ratio be the alloyed powder of 100:40-90:0.3-1:1-5, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent and binding agent made by hot pressed sintering, wherein, the component of described alloyed powder and mass percent thereof are: copper reduction: 2-8%, graphite powder: 2-8%, phosphatization iron powder: 0.3-2%, manganese sulfide: 0.5-3%, chromium powder: 3-12%, nickel powder: 0.5-3%, surplus is iron powder.
Because automobile absorber guider needs repeatedly back and forth movement, therefore need good intensity, rigidity, high temperatures.The present invention adopts alloyed powder, ceramic powder and pore-foaming agent to make porous material by sintering, a large amount of self-existent closed pore hole at this material internal Dispersed precipitate, the advantage of comprehensive porous ceramics and porous metals, there is high rigidity, high strength that general porous material can not compare, resistance to wear, antiacid alkali, the performance such as high temperature resistant, shock-resistant, have that proportion is little simultaneously, absorbing and the feature such as sound absorption qualities is good, and its surface light knot degree can be made to reach necessary requirement by Grain size controlling.And when the porosity ensureing material is 55.4-78.6%, when aperture is 13.1-25.0 μm, can further improve mechanical property and the mechanical performance of automobile absorber guider, while weight reduction, especially improve the performances such as the hardness of automobile absorber guider, intensity and shock resistance.And preparation technology affects size and the pore characteristic of material hole, the present invention selects sintering hot pressed sintering to contribute to contact and the diffusion of powder particle, the mass transport processes such as flowing, reduce sintering temperature and shorten sintering time, because powder is in hot plastic state during hot pressing, deformation resistance is little, be easy to Plastic Flow, contribute to improving material compactness, refinement ceramic crystalline grain, improve bending strength and the fracture toughness of material, and then improve the intensity of automobile absorber guider, rigidity, heat-resisting quantity, and reduce total quality, significantly reduce vibrations when damper works and noise.
And, the alloyed powder of automobile absorber guider of the present invention adds appropriate copper reduction, graphite powder, phosphatization iron powder, chromium powder, nickel powder on the basis of main body iron powder, wherein, copper powder and iron powder can have good briquettability in pressing process, and copper powder has certain solubility in iron powder, after adding copper powder, there is solution strengthening effect.And graphite and iron powder can form this high rigidity phase of cementite, and then improve the combination property of product.Nickel powder and chromium powder add the resistance to elevated temperatures that can increase substantially product.And phosphatization iron powder must add and coordinates sintering temperature in sintering of the present invention and time, be conducive to the invigoration effect of phosphorus, there is the homogenising of diffusion for atom and alloying element, improve intensity and the toughness of guider of shock absorber, simultaneously also can the use of the material such as saving copper, molybdenum, and then reduce production cost.
In addition, the increase of copper powder content directly can improve the bending strength of product, but because its plasticity is poor, can reduce the hardness of product; The increase of graphite powder content is then contrary with copper powder on the impact of product mechanical performance, its hardness that significantly can increase product but reduces bending strength, the present invention passes through the proportioning of reasonable disposition copper powder and graphite powder, makes the hardness of product and bending strength remain on comparatively poised state.
In above-mentioned automobile absorber guider, the iron powder described in alloyed powder comprises water-atomized iron powder that mass percent is 70-90% and mass percent is the reduced iron powder of 10-30%.
Powder diameter size has certain influence to powder flowbility and apparent density.Material powder particle diameter is less, and activity is higher, more easily sinters, and the pore-foaming agent be distributed in closely knit ceramal matrix produces and decomposes, and the gas of release causes compacts to expand, and the structure of height of formation porous, alleviates product quality.
As preferably, the particle diameter of described water-atomized iron powder is 40-120 μm, and the particle diameter of reduced iron powder is 120-150 μm.When iron powder particle diameter is between 40-150 μm, along with powder diameter reduces, the mobility of iron powder increases, and when particle diameter is less than 35 μm, the mobility of iron powder reduces rapidly.And, compared with common iron powder, the water-atomized iron powder of the composite use different-grain diameter of the present invention and reduced iron powder, the mixture of different-grain diameter can make powder particle distribute more equably in forming process, and then improves the hardness of guider of shock absorber, intensity, high temperature resistant and corrosion resistance etc.
As preferably, the particle diameter of the copper reduction in alloyed powder, graphite powder, phosphatization iron powder, manganese sulfide, chromium powder is 30-80 μm.
In above-mentioned automobile absorber guider, the particle diameter of described ceramic powder is 30-100nm.Described ceramic powder comprises β-SiC that mass percent is 50-60% and mass percent is the HBN of 40-50%.β-SiC and HBN all has heat-resisting, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, the feature such as good heat conductivity and low-expansion coefficient, and the thermal stress be subject in heating and cooling process is very little; And all have lower proportion, β-SiC and HBN forms β-SiC-HBN compound phase in guide material, and β-SiC-HBN compound phase is uniformly distributed in alloy phase mutually with fine grained, alloy exists with continuous print filminess, is surrounded by ceramic particle.Because β-SiC and the thermal coefficient of expansion of HBN exist certain difference, cause HBN crystal grain generation intracrystalline delamination effect, many micropores are produced in β-SiC-HBN compound phase, the existence of these micropores effectively can alleviate the thermal expansion because high temperature causes, and thus significantly improves the thermal shock resistance of material monolithic.In addition, because β-surface of SiC has one deck thin oxide film, be therefore difficult to sintering, and the carbon etc. in alloy can promote the sintering of β-SiC, makes the material of guider of the present invention be able to sinter molding.
In above-mentioned automobile absorber guider, described pore-foaming agent comprises the mixture of pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II and pore-foaming agent III, wherein, in the mixture of pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II and pore-foaming agent III, the content of described pore-foaming agent I accounts for the 10-15% of mixture gross mass, the content of pore-foaming agent II accounts for the 35-55% of mixture gross mass, and surplus is pore-foaming agent III.Described pore-foaming agent I is TiH
2, ZrH
2, NiH
2in one or more, pore-foaming agent II is SrCO
3, CaCO
3, MgCO
3, CaMg (CO
3)
2in one or more, pore-foaming agent III is Celogen Az.The present invention by the pore-foaming agent of different in kind with the use of, wherein, pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II are heat absorbing type pore-foaming agent, pore-foaming agent III is exothermicity pore-foaming agent, mixing can offset its impact on porous material pore process, and make pore homoepitaxial, pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II are different with the reaction temperature of pore-foaming agent III, can, at the different time continuous uniform release gas of sintering, make generation hole even and fine and close.
The invention still further relates to a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned automobile absorber guider, described preparation method comprises the steps:
Alloyed powder, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent, resinoid bond are mixed in proportion, then under 350-380Mpa, is pressed into green compact;
High temperature sintering: green compact are put into sintering furnace, is filled with protective gas and carries out six sections of sintering: first paragraph: at 520-560 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 15-20min; Second segment: at 620-650 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 15-20min; 3rd section: at 760-780 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 20-25min; 4th section: at 900-920 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 30-40min; 5th section: at 950-970 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 30-50min; 6th section: at 1050-1080 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 60-100min, obtain blank;
Heat treatment: blank is sent in heat-treatment furnace and carry out Quenching Treatment, lonneal process, automobile absorber guider finished product.
Exist in preparation method of the present invention, when pressing pressure is greater than 380MPa, along with the increase of pressure, the gas that pore-foaming agent produces easily overflows, and the product porosity obtained is little, and density is large, does not reach the requirement of lightweight.When pressing pressure is too small, the product porosity obtained is large, but intensity and rigidity do not reach requirement, and therefore, guider of the present invention is compressing under 350-380Mpa.Further preferably, compressing pressure is 360-380Mpa.
And the present invention adopts high temperature sintering in conjunction with the heat treatment of lonneal, improve high temperature resistant, wearability and the corrosion resistance of automobile absorber guider.The sintering of automobile absorber guider of the present invention divides six sections of staged sintering, improves hardness, the heat-resisting quantity of guider further.All can not be fully sintered if the temperature of sintering is too low or temperature retention time is too short, if temperature is too high and temperature retention time is long can produce fusing, Seepage, thus destroy the performance of guide material.
During described sintering, the protective gas that is filled with is ammonia combustion atmosphere, and to be a kind of take nitrogen as basis and pure nitrogen-based atmosphere containing 10-20% hydrogen.Sintering is one important procedure during powdered metal parts is produced, and protective gas is the major parameter of sintering.Be filled with protective gas, prevent from, in sintering process, redox reaction occurs, reduce properties of product.The sintering atmosphere of usual employing has heat absorption type, release type and ammonolysis craft, and their use, not only by the restriction of unstripped gas, also exists security problems.The protective atmosphere that the present invention is filled with in sintering process is ammonia combustion atmosphere.By research ammonia combustion atmosphere and ammonia dissolving atmosphere, find that ammonia combustion atmosphere has the following advantages for the sintering protection of guider of shock absorber powder metallurgy of the present invention: 1, H
2content is low, convenient and adjustable, decreases carbon scaling loss amount, improves crushing strength; 2, atmosphere is pure after absorption, and dew point is low, improves brightness; 3, good operation safety, improves working condition, and can indirectly improve the quality of products; 4, not only reduce preparation cost, also reduce ammonia consumption and power consumption, reduce product cost.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned automobile absorber guider, the Quenching Treatment in heat treatment is: blank is heated to 800-860 DEG C, and is incubated 50-100min; Then be cooled to 360-420 DEG C with quenching oil, be then heated to 550-580 DEG C and be incubated 30-100min.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned automobile absorber guider, lonneal in heat treatment is treated to: sent in tempering furnace by the blank after quenching and be heated to 220-260 DEG C, insulation 30-60min, natural air cooling, then be heated to 420-450 DEG C and be incubated 30-80min, cooling to less than 300 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove with the furnace to room temperature.
The present invention prepares the batching of guider of shock absorber by Rational choice, and utilize powder metallurgy to prepare, especially by the material selecting alloyed powder and ceramic powder to make to have hole, and high temperature sintering, the lonneal of shaping rear multisection type, its combination property while reduction automobile absorber guider quality, make it have excellent mechanical property, especially there is good intensity, rigidity, wearability and heat-resisting quantity, and cost is low, and then improve service efficiency and the service life of guider.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below specific embodiments of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The automobile absorber guider of the present embodiment obtains by the following method:
Batching: by alloyed powder, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent, resinoid bond in mass ratio 100:70:0.5:2 mix, wherein, the component of alloyed powder and mass percent thereof are: copper reduction: 6%, graphite powder: 6%, phosphatization iron powder: 1%, manganese sulfide: 1.8%, chromium powder: 7%, nickel powder: 2%, surplus is iron powder, described iron powder comprise mass percent be 80% particle diameter to be the water-atomized iron powder of 40-120 μm and mass percent be 20% particle diameter be the reduced iron powder of 120-150 μm; The particle diameter of copper reduction, graphite powder, phosphatization iron powder, manganese sulfide, chromium powder is 30-80 μm; The particle diameter of ceramic powder is 30-100nm, comprise mass percent be 55% β-SiC and mass percent be the HBN of 45%; Described pore-foaming agent comprises the mixture of pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II and pore-foaming agent III, and the content of pore-foaming agent I accounts for 12% of mixture gross mass, and the content of pore-foaming agent II accounts for 45% of mixture gross mass, and surplus is pore-foaming agent III.
Shaping: the above-mentioned raw material configured is pressed into green compact under 360Mpa.
High temperature sintering: green compact are put into sintering furnace, be filled with ammonia combustion atmosphere (taking nitrogen as the pure nitrogen-based atmosphere of basis also containing 10-20% hydrogen) and do protective atmosphere, under protective atmosphere, carry out six sections of sintering: first paragraph: at 530 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 18min; Second segment: at 630 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 18min; 3rd section: at 770 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 24min; 4th section: at 910 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 35min; 5th section: at 960 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 60min; 6th section: at 1060 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 80min, obtain blank.
Heat treatment: blank is sent in heat-treatment furnace and be first heated to 830 DEG C, and be incubated 80min; Then be cooled to 380 DEG C with quenching oil, be then heated to 565 DEG C and be incubated 60min; Again blank is sent in tempering furnace and is heated to 240 DEG C, insulation 45min, natural air cooling, is then heated to 435 DEG C and is incubated 50min, cools to less than 300 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove with the furnace to room temperature, automobile absorber guider finished product.
Embodiment 2
The automobile absorber guider of the present embodiment obtains by the following method:
Batching: by alloyed powder, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent, resinoid bond in mass ratio 100:80:0.7:4 mix, wherein, the component of alloyed powder and mass percent thereof are: copper reduction: 4%, graphite powder: 7%, phosphatization iron powder: 1.5%, manganese sulfide: 1.5%, chromium powder: 6%, nickel powder: 1.2%, surplus is iron powder, described iron powder comprise mass percent be 75% particle diameter to be the water-atomized iron powder of 40-120 μm and mass percent be 25% particle diameter be the reduced iron powder of 120-150 μm; The particle diameter of copper reduction, graphite powder, phosphatization iron powder, manganese sulfide, chromium powder is 30-80 μm; The particle diameter of ceramic powder is 30-100nm, comprise mass percent be 52% β-SiC and mass percent be the HBN of 48%; Described pore-foaming agent comprises the mixture of pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II and pore-foaming agent III, and the content of pore-foaming agent I accounts for 13% of mixture gross mass, and the content of pore-foaming agent II accounts for 40% of mixture gross mass, and surplus is pore-foaming agent III.
Shaping: the above-mentioned raw material configured is pressed into green compact under 370Mpa.
High temperature sintering: green compact are put into sintering furnace, be filled with ammonia combustion atmosphere (taking nitrogen as the pure nitrogen-based atmosphere of basis also containing 10-20% hydrogen) and do protective atmosphere, under protective atmosphere, carry out six sections of sintering: first paragraph: at 540 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 16min; Second segment: at 640 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 16min; 3rd section: at 765 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 22min; 4th section: at 905 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 38min; 5th section: at 965 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 35min; 6th section: at 1070 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 70min, obtain blank.
Heat treatment: blank is sent in heat-treatment furnace and be first heated to 840 DEG C, and be incubated 60min; Then be cooled to 400 DEG C with quenching oil, be then heated to 560 DEG C and be incubated 80min; Again blank is sent in tempering furnace and is heated to 250 DEG C, insulation 40min, natural air cooling, is then heated to 435 DEG C and is incubated 40min, cools to less than 300 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove with the furnace to room temperature, automobile absorber guider finished product.
Embodiment 3
The automobile absorber guider of the present embodiment obtains by the following method:
Batching: by alloyed powder, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent, resinoid bond in mass ratio 100:50:1:4 mix, wherein, the component of alloyed powder and mass percent thereof are: copper reduction: 2%, graphite powder: 8%, phosphatization iron powder: 0.3%, manganese sulfide: 3%, chromium powder: 3%, nickel powder: 3%, surplus is iron powder, described iron powder comprise mass percent be 90% particle diameter to be the water-atomized iron powder of 40-120 μm and mass percent be 10% particle diameter be the reduced iron powder of 120-150 μm; The particle diameter of copper reduction, graphite powder, phosphatization iron powder, manganese sulfide, chromium powder is 30-80 μm; The particle diameter of ceramic powder is 30-100nm, comprise mass percent be 60% β-SiC and mass percent be the HBN of 40%; Described pore-foaming agent comprises the mixture of pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II and pore-foaming agent III, and the content of pore-foaming agent I accounts for 15% of mixture gross mass, and the content of pore-foaming agent II accounts for 35% of mixture gross mass, and surplus is pore-foaming agent III.
Shaping: the above-mentioned raw material configured is pressed into green compact under 380Mpa.
High temperature sintering: green compact are put into sintering furnace, be filled with ammonia combustion atmosphere (taking nitrogen as the pure nitrogen-based atmosphere of basis also containing 10-20% hydrogen) and do protective atmosphere, under protective atmosphere, carry out six sections of sintering: first paragraph: at 560 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 15min; Second segment: at 650 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 15min; 3rd section: at 780 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 20min; 4th section: at 920 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 30min; 5th section: at 970 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 30min; 6th section: at 1080 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 60min, obtain blank.
Heat treatment: blank is sent in heat-treatment furnace and is first heated to 800-860 DEG C, and be incubated 50-100min; Then be cooled to 360-420 DEG C with quenching oil, be then heated to 550-580 DEG C and be incubated 30-100min; Again blank is sent in tempering furnace and is heated to 220-260 DEG C, insulation 30-60min, natural air cooling, is then heated to 420-450 DEG C and is incubated 30-80min, cools to less than 300 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove with the furnace to room temperature, automobile absorber guider finished product.
Embodiment 4
The automobile absorber guider of the present embodiment obtains by the following method:
Batching: by alloyed powder, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent, resinoid bond in mass ratio 100:80:0.3:1 mix, wherein, the component of alloyed powder and mass percent thereof are: copper reduction: 8%, graphite powder: 2%, phosphatization iron powder: 2%, manganese sulfide: 0.5%, chromium powder: 12%, nickel powder: 0.5%, surplus is iron powder, described iron powder comprise mass percent be 70% particle diameter to be the water-atomized iron powder of 40-120 μm and mass percent be 30% particle diameter be the reduced iron powder of 120-150 μm; The particle diameter of copper reduction, graphite powder, phosphatization iron powder, manganese sulfide, chromium powder is 30-80 μm; The particle diameter of ceramic powder is 30-100nm, comprise mass percent be 50% β-SiC and mass percent be the HBN of 50%; Described pore-foaming agent comprises the mixture of pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II and pore-foaming agent III, and the content of pore-foaming agent I accounts for 10% of mixture gross mass, and the content of pore-foaming agent II accounts for 55% of mixture gross mass, and surplus is pore-foaming agent III.
Shaping: the above-mentioned raw material configured is pressed into green compact under 350Mpa.
High temperature sintering: green compact are put into sintering furnace, be filled with ammonia combustion atmosphere (taking nitrogen as the pure nitrogen-based atmosphere of basis also containing 10-20% hydrogen) and do protective atmosphere, under protective atmosphere, carry out six sections of sintering: first paragraph: at 520 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 20min; Second segment: at 620 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 20min; 3rd section: at 760 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 25min; 4th section: at 900 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 40min; 5th section: at 950 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 50min; 6th section: at 1050 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 100min, obtain blank.
Heat treatment: blank is sent in heat-treatment furnace and be first heated to 800 DEG C, and be incubated 100min; Then be cooled to 360 DEG C with quenching oil, be then heated to 550 DEG C and be incubated 100min; Again blank is sent in tempering furnace and is heated to 220 DEG C, insulation 60min, natural air cooling, is then heated to 420 DEG C and is incubated 80min, cools to less than 300 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove with the furnace to room temperature, automobile absorber guider finished product.
In the above-described embodiments, described pore-foaming agent I is TiH
2, ZrH
2, NiH
2in one or more, pore-foaming agent II is SrCO
3, CaCO
3, MgCO
3, CaMg (CO
3)
2in one or more, pore-foaming agent III is Celogen Az.
Comparative example 1
Common commercially available automobile absorber guider in prior art.
Comparative example 2
Common alloy powder is adopted to obtain automobile absorber guider by the process of powder metallurgy in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Comparative example 3
The component of automobile absorber guider in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is adopted to be prepared into automobile absorber guider by ordinary powder metallurgy.
Automobile absorber guider in embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 is carried out performance test, and test result is as shown in table 1.
The performance of the automobile absorber guider in table 1: embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3
In sum, automobile absorber guider of the present invention improves intensity, hardness, wearability when significantly reducing weight, and improves the utilization rate of material by the preparation of powder metallurgy, reduces production cost.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (10)
1. an automobile absorber guider, it is characterized in that, described automobile absorber guider by mass ratio be the alloyed powder of 100:40-90:0.3-1:1-5, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent and binding agent made by hot pressed sintering, wherein, the component of described alloyed powder and mass percent thereof are: copper reduction: 2-8%, graphite powder: 2-8%, phosphatization iron powder: 0.3-2%, manganese sulfide: 0.5-3%, chromium powder: 3-12%, nickel powder: 0.5-3%, surplus is iron powder.
2. automobile absorber guider according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the iron powder in alloyed powder comprises water-atomized iron powder that mass percent is 70-90% and mass percent is the reduced iron powder of 10-30%.
3. automobile absorber guider according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described water-atomized iron powder is 40-120 μm, and the particle diameter of reduced iron powder is 120-150 μm.
4. automobile absorber guider according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of the copper reduction in alloyed powder, graphite powder, phosphatization iron powder, manganese sulfide, chromium powder is 30-80 μm.
5. automobile absorber guider according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described ceramic powder is 30-100nm.
6. automobile absorber guider according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, described ceramic powder comprises β-SiC that mass percent is 50-60% and mass percent is the HBN of 40-50%.
7. automobile absorber guider according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pore-foaming agent comprises the mixture of pore-foaming agent I, pore-foaming agent II and pore-foaming agent III, wherein, the content of described pore-foaming agent I accounts for the 10-15% of mixture gross mass, the content of pore-foaming agent II accounts for the 35-55% of mixture gross mass, and surplus is pore-foaming agent III.
8. a preparation method for the automobile absorber guider as described in any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the steps:
Alloyed powder, ceramic powder, pore-foaming agent, resinoid bond are mixed in proportion, then under 350-380Mpa, is pressed into green compact;
High temperature sintering: green compact are put into sintering furnace, is filled with protective gas and carries out six sections of sintering: first paragraph: at 520-560 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 15-20min; Second segment: at 620-650 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 15-20min; 3rd section: at 760-780 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 20-25min; 4th section: at 900-920 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 30-40min; 5th section: at 950-970 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 30-50min; 6th section: at 1050-1080 DEG C of heat preservation sintering 60-100min, obtain blank;
Heat treatment: blank is sent in heat-treatment furnace and carry out Quenching Treatment, lonneal process, automobile absorber guider finished product.
9. the preparation method of automobile absorber guider according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the Quenching Treatment in heat treatment is: blank is heated to 800-860 DEG C, and is incubated 50-100min; Then be cooled to 360-420 DEG C with quenching oil, be then heated to 550-580 DEG C and be incubated 30-100min.
10. the preparation method of automobile absorber guider according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, lonneal in heat treatment is treated to: sent in tempering furnace by the blank after quenching and be heated to 220-260 DEG C, insulation 30-60min, natural air cooling, then be heated to 420-450 DEG C and be incubated 30-80min, cooling to less than 300 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove with the furnace to room temperature.
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| CN108130483A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-08 | 宁波市江北吉铭汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of guider of shock absorber and preparation method thereof |
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