CN105443545A - Long nut - Google Patents
Long nut Download PDFInfo
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- CN105443545A CN105443545A CN201510794408.5A CN201510794408A CN105443545A CN 105443545 A CN105443545 A CN 105443545A CN 201510794408 A CN201510794408 A CN 201510794408A CN 105443545 A CN105443545 A CN 105443545A
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- layer
- long nut
- silicon nitride
- porous silicon
- alloy steel
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 141
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000005435 mesosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of long nut machining, relates to a fastening piece, and particularly to a long nut. The long nut is composed of a screw cap and a screw rod; the screw cap is in a disc shape, and the outer diameter of the screw cap is greater than that of the screw rod; a circular concave hole arranged coaxially with the screw rod is formed in the middle of the screw cap and extends deeply to the screw rod, and the outer wall of the screw rod is provided with an external thread. The long nut is made of a three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material. The three-layer layer-shaped porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material comprises, by volume, 30-50% of three-layer layer-shaped porous silicon nitride ceramic and 50-70% of alloy steel. The long nut is made of the three-layer layer-shaped porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material, and the three-layer layer-shaped porous SiC ceramic and the alloy steel are supporting frameworks to each other; the advantages of the SiC ceramic and the alloy steel are fully brought out, the high-temperature stability, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and the like of the long nut are improved effectively, and moreover the weight of the long nut is decreased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fastening piece, be specifically related to a kind of long nut, belong to long nut field of material technology.
Background technique
Fastening piece commercially also referred to as standard piece, be two or more part (or component) is fastenedly connected become one overall time the general name of class mechanical parts that adopts.Its feature is that description is various, and performance purposes is different, and standardization, seriation, unitized strong.Fastening piece is most widely used mechanical basic part, is in great demand.Conventional fastening piece comprises bolt, screw, nut etc.
Nut is nut, is to adopt the frictional force between nuts and bolt to carry out self-locking, but the reliability of this self-locking in dynamic load will reduce.In use, environmental difference is comparatively large, and, and nut in use under low temperature, high temperature, acid-base environment all likely for nut, and need to bear larger stress, therefore nut needs good performance.
Nut of the prior art generally all adopts bulk metal structure, not only quality weight, and materials cost is high, and performance is general, as equipment connection fastening piece, shared weight ratio is larger in a device, be unfavorable for the total quality of reduction equipment, the links such as impact production, transport and use.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defect existing for prior art, a kind of long nut containing high, the easy welding of intensity is provided.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be implemented by the following technical programs: a kind of long nut, be made up of nut and screw rod, nut is in the form of annular discs and nut external diameter is greater than outer screw diameter, in the middle part of nut, offer the circular shrinkage hole that arranges with screw coaxial and circular shrinkage hole deeply to screw rod place, screw rod outer wall offers outside thread, described long nut is made up of three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics/alloy steel composite material, described three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material comprise volume percent content be 30-50% three shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and volume percent content are the alloyed steel of 50-70% layer by layer.
Long nut employing three of the present invention layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material is made, three shape porous SiC ceramics and alloyed steel support frames each other layer by layer, give full play to the advantage of SiC ceramic and alloyed steel two class material, effectively improve the high-temperature stability of long nut, wearability, corrosion resistance etc.If the too high levels of silicon nitride ceramics in the composite, can increase the fragility of composite material, reduce the overall performance of composite material, if the content of silicon nitride ceramics is too low, the wear resistance of composite material and resistance to high temperature can not get improving.
In above-mentioned long nut, as preferably, described alloyed steel is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: C:0.17%-0.24%; Mn:1.30%-1.60%; Ti:0.04%-0.10%; Al:0.15%-1.20%, Cr:0.50%-1.20%, V:0.003%-0.01%, B:0.0005%-0.0035%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe.
In the steel that the present invention uses, C content is 0.17-0.24%, a kind of low carbon steel, plasticity and toughness better, hardenability is higher, after quenching, there is hard and wear-resisting surface and tough and tensile heart portion, so have the good processability of higher low-temperature impact toughness, and machining deformation is small, and anti-fatigue performance is fairly good.In the alloyed steel of long nut composite material of the present invention, if Kohlenstoffgehalt is too high, can cause the decline of alloyed steel center toughness, be 0.17-0.24% by C content, stably ensures that there are enough plasticity and toughness in the heart portion of alloyed steel.Because the intensity of low carbon steel and hardness can be relatively low, the present invention suitably adds the content of Mn, to improve intensity and the hardness of alloyed steel.Meanwhile, also simultaneously containing Ti, V two kinds of trace elements in steel of the present invention, play synergy with Mn element, common intensity and the hardness improving alloyed steel.Because Ti, V trace element not only can crystal grain thinning, can also obtain the Dispersed precipitate Ti (C, N) of more high-volume fractional, (C, N), and V (C, N) precipitate particle, therefore, can play the effect of refined crystalline strengthening and dispersion strengthening simultaneously.
On the other hand, carbon equivalent affects element M n and there is enrichment phenomenon in the 0-60nm degree of depth, and especially in the 0-20nm degree of depth, enrichment is more obvious, and Mn constituent content peak value can reach 12%, is 8.5 times of content in mother metal.Mn element significantly improves top layer carbon equivalent in the enrichment on surface, and top layer welding performance is sharply worsened.It can thus be appreciated that the enrichment of top layer alloying element Mn is the main cause causing high strength alloy steel not easily to weld, therefore, the strict Mn content controlled in alloyed steel, avoids unnecessary Mn in process of production at alloyed steel surface enrichment.Mn element also plays synergy with Cr, Ni, V, B tetra-kinds of elements of containing in steel, improves the hardenability of steel, thus makes steel after carburizing and quenching, improve intensity and the toughness in the heart portion of steel.
Due to the change of chemical composition, its microstructure also changes, and nut plate of the present invention not only has higher intensity and hardness, also has higher plasticity and toughness, and significantly improves the processibility of nut plate, makes it easily weld.
Further preferably, described alloyed steel is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: C:0.18%-0.22%; Mn:1.40%-1.50%; Ti:0.05%-0.08%; Al:0.30%-1.00%, Cr:0.60%-0.80%, V:0.005%-0.008%, B:0.0008%-0.0030%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe.
In above-mentioned long nut, as preferably, described three layer by layer shape silicon nitride ceramics comprise the mesosphere between upper surface layer, undersurface layer and upper and lower surface layer, wherein upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics raw material composition (mass percent) be 90-96%Si
3n
4and 4-10%Y
2o
3, raw material composition (mass percent) of mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics is 1-5%SiO
2, 0.5-2% carbon black, 4-10%Y
2o
3, surplus Si
3n
4.
The present invention is by changing Si in silicon nitride ceramics
3n
4with the relative amount of silica and carbon dust, realize controlling the porosity, by changing mesosphere Si
3n
4the content of crystal seed and interface layer are on the impact of layered porous silicon nitride ceramics sintering character, microstructure and mechanical property.Along with Si
3n
4the increase of seed count, shrinkage reduces gradually, and the porosity reduces gradually.Based on the technique of this kind of control porous silicon nitride porosity, preparation three shape porous silicon nitride ceramic layer by layer.Along with the Si in the raw material of mesosphere
3n
4the increase gradually of content, shrinkage and the porosity of whole layered porous silicon nitride reduce gradually, and flexural strength increases gradually.When mesosphere differs larger with the shrinkage of surface layer, although be that weak interface combines, the mechanical property of interface residual stress to layered porous silicon nitride produced is highly beneficial.When the shrinkage of mesosphere and surface layer and the porosity close to time, weak interface combines the mechanical property changing strong―binding interface into and be also conducive to improving layered porous silicon nitride ceramics.In a word, as the Si in mesosphere
3n
4during changes of contents, layered porous silicon nitride ceramics all has higher mechanical property all the time.
Further preferably, the particle diameter of described carbon black is 60-80nm, SiO
2particle diameter be 0.1-0.5 μm, Y
2o
3particle diameter be 0.2-1.2 μm, Si
3n
4for the α-Si of α >95%
3n
4.
In above-mentioned long nut, described three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material obtain by the following method:
Press the feed proportioning described in upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer respectively, respectively batching is utilized organic carrier dip forming and sinter 1-2h at the nitrogen pressure of 0.3-0.6MPa and 1720-1750 DEG C, respectively the dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer;
The dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer is applied successively and puts, finally make type at the pressure of 3-4MPa, obtain three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer;
By three, shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and alloyed steel utilize vacuum-air pressure method for casting to make three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite materials layer by layer layer by layer.
First make three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer, again by alloyed steel introducing three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic, make silicon nitride ceramics and alloyed steel support frame each other in the composite material obtained, give full play to the advantage of both materials, and improve the physical property such as hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance of composite material further.
As preferably, the degree of vacuum in vacuum-air pressure method for casting is 0.05-0.08MPa.
The invention also discloses the processing method of above-mentioned long nut, described processing method comprises the steps:
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material first carry out normalized treatment, be then machined into long nut blank, finally long nut blank heat-treated obtained long nut.
In the processing method of above-mentioned long nut, described normalized treatment is isothermal normalizing process, and the temperature of described isothermal normalizing process is 1600-1700 DEG C, insulation 2-3h, with the cooling of 1.5KW ventilating fan after normalized treatment completes and comes out of the stove.Normalized treatment is isothermal normalizing process, and because the Kohlenstoffgehalt in long nut matrix alloy steel of the present invention is lower, belong to low carbon steel, machinability is not good, and normalized treatment can improve its machinability.So long nut of the present invention have passed through normalized treatment after shaping, the microstructure improving steel eliminates residual stress, improves machinability, for the machining of carrying out subsequently is ready.And, what steel of the present invention adopted is isothermal normalizing process, inside and outside the heap existed due to cooling in heap when solving common normalized treatment and the cool condition difference that causes of other factors larger, and cause steel local due to cooling rate too fast formation grain shellfish non-equilibrium microstructure, and slow too much pro-eutectoid ferrite and the too soft phenomenon separated out is crossed due to cooling rate in some positions of steel, thus can uniform formation be obtained, the hardness of steel is controlled within the specific limits, is more conducive to the carrying out of subsequent mechanical processing.
In the processing method of above-mentioned long nut, described heat treatment comprises Carburization Treatment, temper.Because the Kohlenstoffgehalt of steel of the present invention is lower, belong to low carbon steel, so the long nut blank using steel of the present invention to prepare first carries out Carburization Treatment, carbon atom is made to penetrate into the surface layer of long nut blank, long nut blank is made to have the surface layer of high carbon steel, again through Quench and temper, make long nut blank surface layer have high hardness and wear resistance, and the heart portion of long nut blank still remain toughness and the plasticity of low carbon steel.
As preferably, described Carburization Treatment is for be first warming up to 950-980 DEG C, and insulation 70-90min, then be down to 960-980 DEG C, insulation 30-50min, is then down to 920-930 DEG C, and insulation 20-40min, last air cooling is to room temperature.Carburization Treatment in heat treatment of the present invention, by the Quenching Treatment under three stage different temperatures, is first eliminated carburized case Carbide network and refinement core structure, is then improved diffusion layer organization, improves hardness and the wear resistance of long nut further.
As preferably, the temperature of described temper is 250-350 DEG C, and the time of temper is 100-140min.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, long nut of the present invention adopt three layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material make, three shape porous SiC ceramics and alloyed steel support frames each other layer by layer, give full play to the advantage of SiC ceramic and alloyed steel two class material, effectively improve the high-temperature stability of long nut, wearability, corrosion resistance etc., reduce its weight simultaneously.
2, the constituent of composite material medium alloy steel and mass percent compatibility reasonable, composite material has hard and wear-resisting surface and tough and tensile heart portion after Carburization Treatment, there is higher low-temperature impact toughness, good processability, and heart portion still remains toughness and plasticity, further increase the intensity of long nut, hardness, toughness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, improve its processibility simultaneously, make it easily weld.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of long nut of the present invention.
In figure, 1, nut; 2, screw rod.
Embodiment
Be below specific embodiments of the invention, technological scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, long nut of the present invention, be made up of nut 1 and screw rod 2, nut 1 is in the form of annular discs and nut 1 external diameter is greater than screw rod 2 external diameter, in the middle part of nut 1, offer the coaxial circular shrinkage hole that arranges with screw rod 2 and circular shrinkage hole deeply to screw rod place, screw rod outer wall offers outside thread, long nut is made up of three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics/alloy steel composite material, three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material comprise volume percent content be 30-50% three shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and volume percent content are the alloyed steel of 50-70% layer by layer.
Wherein, described alloyed steel is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: C:0.17%-0.24%; Mn:1.30%-1.60%; Ti:0.04%-0.10%; Al:0.15%-1.20%, Cr:0.50%-1.20%, V:0.003%-0.01%, B:0.0005%-0.0035%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe.
Described three layer by layer shape silicon nitride ceramics comprise the mesosphere between upper surface layer, undersurface layer and upper and lower surface layer, wherein upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics raw material composition (mass percent) be 90-96%Si
3n
4and 4-10%Y
2o
3, raw material composition (mass percent) of mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics is 1-5%SiO
2, 0.5-2% carbon black, 4-10%Y
2o
3, surplus Si
3n
4.
Further illustrate below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Preparation three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material layer by layer:
By the feed proportioning described in upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer, (the raw material composition of upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics is 94%Si respectively
3n
4and 6%Y
2o
3, mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics raw material consist of 3%SiO
2(particle diameter is 0.1-0.5 μm), 1% carbon black (particle diameter is 60-80nm), 7%Y
2o
3(particle diameter is 0.2-1.2 μm), surplus Si
3n
4(α >95%), utilizes organic carrier dip forming by batching respectively and sinter 1h at the nitrogen pressure of 0.4MPa and 1730 DEG C, respectively the dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer;
The dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer is applied successively and puts, finally make type at the pressure of 3.5MPa, obtain three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer;
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and alloyed steel (alloyed steel is become to be grouped into by following mass percent: C:0.20%; Mn:1.45%; Ti:0.06%; Al:0.6%, Cr:0.780%, V:0.006%, B:0.002%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe) utilize vacuum-air pressure method for casting (degree of vacuum is 0.06MPa) to make three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite materials layer by layer.
Processing long nut:
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material first carry out normalized treatment, be then machined into long nut blank, finally long nut blank heat-treated obtained long nut.
Wherein, normalized treatment is isothermal normalizing process, and the temperature of described isothermal normalizing process is 1650 DEG C, insulation 2h, with the cooling of 1.5KW ventilating fan after normalized treatment completes and comes out of the stove.
Described heat treatment comprises Carburization Treatment, temper, and described Carburization Treatment, for be first warming up to 960 DEG C, to be incubated 80min, then to be down to 970 DEG C, and insulation 40min, is then down to 925 DEG C, insulation 30min, and last air cooling is to room temperature; The temperature of described temper is 300 DEG C, and the time of temper is 120min.
Embodiment 2
Preparation three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material layer by layer:
By the feed proportioning described in upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer, (the raw material composition of upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics is 92%Si respectively
3n
4and 8%Y
2o
3, mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics raw material consist of 4%SiO
2(particle diameter is 0.1-0.5 μm), 1.5% carbon black (particle diameter is 60-80nm), 5%Y
2o
3(particle diameter is 0.2-1.2 μm), surplus Si
3n
4(α >95%), utilizes organic carrier dip forming by batching respectively and sinter 2h at the nitrogen pressure of 0.5MPa and 1740 DEG C, respectively the dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer;
The dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer is applied successively and puts, finally make type at the pressure of 3MPa, obtain three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer;
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and alloyed steel (alloyed steel is become to be grouped into by following mass percent: C:0.18%; Mn:1.50%; Ti:0.05%; Al:1.00%, Cr:0.60%, V:0.008%, B:0.0008%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe) utilize vacuum-air pressure method for casting (degree of vacuum is 0.07MPa) to make three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite materials layer by layer.
Processing long nut:
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material first carry out normalized treatment, be then machined into long nut blank, finally long nut blank heat-treated obtained long nut.
Wherein, normalized treatment is isothermal normalizing process, and the temperature of described isothermal normalizing process is 1630 DEG C, insulation 3h, with the cooling of 1.5KW ventilating fan after normalized treatment completes and comes out of the stove.
Described heat treatment comprises Carburization Treatment, temper, and described Carburization Treatment, for be first warming up to 970 DEG C, to be incubated 85min, then to be down to 975 DEG C, and insulation 35min, is then down to 928 DEG C, insulation 35min, and last air cooling is to room temperature; The temperature of described temper is 280 DEG C, and the time of temper is 130min.
Embodiment 3
Preparation three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material layer by layer:
By the feed proportioning described in upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer, (the raw material composition of upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics is 95%Si respectively
3n
4and 5%Y
2o
3, mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics raw material consist of 2%SiO
2(particle diameter is 0.1-0.5 μm), 1% carbon black (particle diameter is 60-80nm), 8%Y
2o
3(particle diameter is 0.2-1.2 μm), surplus Si
3n
4(α >95%), utilizes organic carrier dip forming by batching respectively and sinter 2h at the nitrogen pressure of 0.4MPa and 1735 DEG C, respectively the dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer;
The dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer is applied successively and puts, finally make type at the pressure of 4MPa, obtain three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer;
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and alloyed steel (alloyed steel is become to be grouped into by following mass percent: C:0.22%; Mn:1.40%; Ti:0.08%; Al:0.30%, Cr:0.80%, V:0.005%, B:0.0030%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe) utilize vacuum-air pressure method for casting (degree of vacuum is 0.06MPa) to make three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite materials layer by layer.
Processing long nut:
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material first carry out normalized treatment, be then machined into long nut blank, finally long nut blank heat-treated obtained long nut.
Wherein, normalized treatment is isothermal normalizing process, and the temperature of described isothermal normalizing process is 1680 DEG C, insulation 2h, with the cooling of 1.5KW ventilating fan after normalized treatment completes and comes out of the stove.
Described heat treatment comprises Carburization Treatment, temper, and described Carburization Treatment, for be first warming up to 955 DEG C, to be incubated 75min, then to be down to 965 DEG C, and insulation 45min, is then down to 923 DEG C, insulation 25min, and last air cooling is to room temperature; The temperature of described temper is 320 DEG C, and the time of temper is 110min.
Embodiment 4
Preparation three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material layer by layer:
By the feed proportioning described in upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer, (the raw material composition of upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics is 90%Si respectively
3n
4and 10%Y
2o
3, mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics raw material consist of 1%SiO
2(particle diameter is 0.1-0.5 μm), 2% carbon black (particle diameter is 60-80nm), 10%Y
2o
3(particle diameter is 0.2-1.2 μm), surplus Si
3n
4(α >95%), utilizes organic carrier dip forming by batching respectively and sinter 2h at the nitrogen pressure of 0.3MPa and 1720 DEG C, respectively the dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer;
The dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer is applied successively and puts, finally make type at the pressure of 4MPa, obtain three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer;
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and alloyed steel (alloyed steel is become to be grouped into by following mass percent: C:0.17%; Mn:1.60%; Ti:0.04%; Al:1.20%, Cr:0.50%, V:0.01%, B:0.0005%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe) utilize vacuum-air pressure method for casting (degree of vacuum is 0.05MPa) to make three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite materials layer by layer.
Processing long nut:
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material first carry out normalized treatment, be then machined into long nut blank, finally long nut blank heat-treated obtained long nut.
Wherein, normalized treatment is isothermal normalizing process, and the temperature of described isothermal normalizing process is 1600 DEG C, insulation 3h, with the cooling of 1.5KW ventilating fan after normalized treatment completes and comes out of the stove.
Described heat treatment comprises Carburization Treatment, temper, and described Carburization Treatment, for be first warming up to 950 DEG C, to be incubated 90min, then to be down to 960 DEG C, and insulation 50min, is then down to 920 DEG C, insulation 40min, and last air cooling is to room temperature; The temperature of described temper is 250 DEG C, and the time of temper is 140min.
Embodiment 5
Preparation three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material layer by layer:
By the feed proportioning described in upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer, (the raw material composition of upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics is 96%Si respectively
3n
4and 4%Y
2o
3, mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics raw material consist of 5%SiO
2(particle diameter is 0.1-0.5 μm), 0.5% carbon black (particle diameter is 60-80nm), 4%Y
2o
3(particle diameter is 0.2-1.2 μm), surplus Si
3n
4(α >95%), utilizes organic carrier dip forming by batching respectively and sinter 1h at the nitrogen pressure of 0.6MPa and 1750 DEG C, respectively the dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer;
The dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer is applied successively and puts, finally make type at the pressure of 3MPa, obtain three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer;
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and alloyed steel (alloyed steel is become to be grouped into by following mass percent: C:0.24%; Mn:1.30%; Ti:0.10%; Al:0.15%, Cr:1.20%, V:0.003%, B:0.0035%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe) utilize vacuum-air pressure method for casting (degree of vacuum is 0.08MPa) to make three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite materials layer by layer.
Processing long nut:
By three layer by layer shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite material first carry out normalized treatment, be then machined into long nut blank, finally long nut blank heat-treated obtained long nut.
Wherein, normalized treatment is isothermal normalizing process, and the temperature of described isothermal normalizing process is 1700 DEG C, insulation 2h, with the cooling of 1.5KW ventilating fan after normalized treatment completes and comes out of the stove.
Described heat treatment comprises Carburization Treatment, temper, and described Carburization Treatment, for be first warming up to 980 DEG C, to be incubated 70min, then to be down to 980 DEG C, and insulation 30min, is then down to 930 DEG C, insulation 20min, and last air cooling is to room temperature; The temperature of described temper is 350 DEG C, and the time of temper is 100min.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is common commercially available long nut.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is only with the difference of embodiment 1, not containing Cr, V, B, Ti in the alloyed steel of comparative example 2 long nut three shape porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material layer by layer.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is only with the difference of embodiment 1, and comparative example 3 long nut is only made up of the alloyed steel described in embodiment 1, not with three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic be compounded to form composite material.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is only with the difference of embodiment 1, the common normalized treatment technique that in comparative example 4, normalized treatment adopts.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 is only with the difference of embodiment 1, and the Carburization Treatment in comparative example 1 is common Carburization Treatment, does not adopt the Quenching Treatment of different phase.
The long nut made by above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-5 carries out Mechanics Performance Testing, and test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1: embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-5 long nut the performance test results
From the test result of table 1, long nut performance of the present invention is better than the performance adopting common iron or the long nut that adopts existing preparation method to be prepared from.
The long nut embodiment of the present invention and comparative example prepared carries out wear resistance and corrosion resistance test.
Wearability test adopts abrasion tester.Through statistics, under the same conditions, the abrasion loss of the long nut that comparative example prepares is higher than the abrasion of the long nut that embodiment prepares all the time.And along with the increase of abrasion test number of times, the difference of the abrasion loss of comparative example long nut and embodiment's long nut is in expanding tendency.Abrasion test of the present invention is increased to 3000 times to long nut friction from 100 times, and the abrasion loss mean difference of comparative example and embodiment expands 12.9g to from 1.25g.
Corrosion resistance test adopts humid heat test and salt spray corrosion test.Through statistics: under identical humid heat test condition, all there is not corrosion phenomenon in the long nut that the embodiment of the present invention prepares, and the long nut that comparative example prepares all occurs corrosion phenomenon after 960h after 960h, etching time the earliest appear at 850h.Under identical salt spray test condition, all there is not corrosion phenomenon in the long nut that the embodiment of the present invention prepares, and the long nut that comparative example prepares all occurs corrosion phenomenon after 50h after 50h, etching time the earliest appear at 42h.
It can thus be appreciated that, the present invention adopts three-dimensional network silicon carbide/alloy steel composite material to make, the constituent of alloyed steel and mass percent compatibility thereof are reasonable, and the long nut using preparation method of the present invention to be prepared from also is better than the performance adopting common iron or the long nut that adopts existing preparation method to be prepared from wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
Above embodiment is only for illustration of technological scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention; although be explained in detail the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify to technological scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a long nut, be made up of nut and screw rod, it is characterized in that, nut is in the form of annular discs and nut external diameter is greater than outer screw diameter, in the middle part of nut, offer the circular shrinkage hole that arranges with screw coaxial and circular shrinkage hole deeply to screw rod place, screw rod outer wall offers outside thread, described long nut is made up of three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics/alloy steel composite material, described three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material comprise volume percent content be 30-50% three shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and volume percent content are the alloyed steel of 50-70% layer by layer.
2. long nut according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described alloyed steel is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: C:0.17%-0.24%; Mn:1.30%-1.60%; Ti:0.04%-0.10%; Al:0.15%-1.20%, Cr:0.50%-1.20%, V:0.003%-0.01%, B:0.0005%-0.0035%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe.
3. long nut according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described alloyed steel is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: C:0.18%-0.22%; Mn:1.40%-1.50%; Ti:0.05%-0.08%; Al:0.30%-1.00%, Cr:0.60%-0.80%, V:0.005%-0.008%, B:0.0008%-0.0030%; Si≤0.30%, S≤0.035%; P≤0.035%, all the other are Fe.
4. long nut according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three layer by layer shape silicon nitride ceramics comprise the mesosphere between upper surface layer, undersurface layer and upper and lower surface layer, wherein upper surface layer and undersurface layer silicon nitride ceramics raw material composition (mass percent) be 90-96%Si
3n
4and 4-10%Y
2o
3, raw material composition (mass percent) of mesosphere silicon nitride ceramics is 1-5%SiO
2, 0.5-2% carbon black, 4-10%Y
2o
3, surplus Si
3n
4.
5. long nut according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described carbon black is 60-80nm, SiO
2particle diameter be 0.1-0.5 μm, Y
2o
3particle diameter be 0.2-1.2 μm, Si
3n
4for the α-Si of α >95%
3n
4.
6. long nut according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described three layer by layer shape porous silicon nitride ceramic/alloy steel composite material obtain by the following method:
Press the feed proportioning described in upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer respectively, respectively batching is utilized organic carrier dip forming and sinter 1-2h at the nitrogen pressure of 0.3-0.6MPa and 1720-1750 DEG C, respectively the dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer;
The dry powder of obtained upper surface layer, mesosphere, undersurface layer is applied successively and puts, finally make type at the pressure of 3-4MPa, obtain three shape porous silicon nitride ceramics layer by layer;
By three, shape porous silicon nitride ceramic and alloyed steel utilize vacuum-air pressure method for casting to make three shape porous silicon carbide ceramic/alloy steel composite materials layer by layer layer by layer.
7. long nut according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the degree of vacuum in vacuum-air pressure method for casting is 0.05-0.08MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510794408.5A CN105443545A (en) | 2015-11-18 | 2015-11-18 | Long nut |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510794408.5A CN105443545A (en) | 2015-11-18 | 2015-11-18 | Long nut |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105443545A true CN105443545A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
Family
ID=55554081
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510794408.5A Withdrawn CN105443545A (en) | 2015-11-18 | 2015-11-18 | Long nut |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105443545A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107725558A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-23 | 苏州华丰不锈钢紧固件有限公司 | Constitutionally stable screw |
| WO2018094308A1 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Weldable nut plate |
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| JP2001049796A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-20 | Maeda Corp | Long nut for constructing mesh bar |
| CN1727096A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-02-01 | 东北大学 | 3D networked vacuum-air pressure method for casting friction composite material of ceramics-metals |
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| CN102912173A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-02-06 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant part, and ceramic-metal composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN204591927U (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-26 | 贵州航天精工制造有限公司 | A kind of specified pretightening force light bolt structure |
| CN104884660A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-09-02 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Steel for carburizing |
-
2015
- 2015-11-18 CN CN201510794408.5A patent/CN105443545A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001049796A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-20 | Maeda Corp | Long nut for constructing mesh bar |
| CN1727096A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-02-01 | 东北大学 | 3D networked vacuum-air pressure method for casting friction composite material of ceramics-metals |
| CN102093056A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-06-15 | 湖南浩威特科技发展有限公司 | Preparation methods of aluminium silicon carbide composites with interpenetrating network structure and components of composites |
| CN102912173A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-02-06 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant part, and ceramic-metal composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018094308A1 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Weldable nut plate |
| US11384786B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2022-07-12 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Weldable nut plate |
| CN107725558A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-23 | 苏州华丰不锈钢紧固件有限公司 | Constitutionally stable screw |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |