CN105903952A - Rare earth alloy composite material and preparation method - Google Patents
Rare earth alloy composite material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B22F1/145—Chemical treatment, e.g. passivation or decarburisation
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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Abstract
Provided are a rare earth alloy composite material and a preparation method. The preparation method mainly comprises the steps that iron, carbon, copper, molybdenum, chromium and rare earth elements are ground and mixed according to a specific proportion, pressed through pressure forming equipment, then sintered at high temperature and subjected to thermal treatment in protective gas, and the rare earth alloy composite material is prepared. The rare earth alloy composite material and the preparation method have the advantages that the reasonable raw material ratio is adopted, and the even and compact composite material is obtained through the functions of the rare earth and oxides on the aspects of resistance to oxidation and grain refinement and in combination with the solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening mechanism; the hardness and other mechanical properties of a product are ensured through the sintering and quenching integrated process and subsequent tempering treatment; and compared with traditional formulas and processes, the compactness of the product is high, the strength and hardness of the product are improved, the product quality is stable, and the performance is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of powder metallurgy, be specifically related to a kind of rare earth alloy composite and preparation method.
Background technology
Sintered metal product is to use to shape and metal dust (or mixture of metal dust and non-metal powder) is made the technology of material and goods by sintering process.nullIt is metallurgical and a subdiscipline of material science，Its smelting temperature of high temperature melting point metals is at a relatively high，Conventional cast is had any problem,And powder metallurgy process can significantly reduce its sintering activating energy (such as tungsten、Zirconium、Chromium、The metals such as molybdenum),Thus with relatively low temperature sinter molding，In addition，Powder metallurgy is because using powder sintered，Its material itself possesses certain aperture，So there being natural advantage in terms of preparing porous material，It is widely used in agricultural machinery、Automobile、Lathe、Instrument、Weaving、The fields such as light industry，Iron-base powder metallurgy material intensity is big、Hardness is big，Higher load can be born，Wearability is good，But noise is bigger，Corrosion resistance is poor，For making product have higher intensity、Hardness and the most wear-resisting、Anti-corrosion，Widen its range，So iron-base powder metallurgy material is modified and develops to multi-component alloying，Optimize sintering process，Promote sintering quality and material combination property just has a lot of report，Rare earth element adds the oxygen that alloy can effectively absorb in mechanical milling process and when sintering, alloying element surface combines，Reduce decarburization and improve copmbined-carbon content，Rare earth exists the most in the form of an oxide，Form dispersion-strengtherning effect，Increase matrix strength，But the liquid film that the raising of carbon content causes alloy liquid phase sintering to be formed has certain inhibition to other diffusion of alloy elements，Impact Properties of Materials is made to reduce.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that the above-mentioned properties that there is ferrous based powder metallurgical can not have concurrently, the invention provides a kind of rare earth alloy composite and preparation method, wherein composite each constituent mass percentage is: high-purity iron powder: 90-98%, graphite flakes: 0.5-0.8%, atomized copper powder: 1.5-2.0%, metallic tin powder: 0.01-0.05%, carborundum powder: 0.03-0.15%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.1-0.3%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.1-0.5%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 0.3-2.5%, boron carbide: 0.1-0.3%, rare earth powder: 0.5-3%, auxiliary agent: 0.3-0.8%.
The main preparation process of a kind of rare earth alloy composite and preparation method is as follows:
(1) raw material prepares: according to rare earth alloy composite property requirement, determines that proportion of composing weighs following component material:
High-purity iron powder: 90-98%, graphite flakes: 0.5-0.8%, atomized copper powder: 1.5-2.0%, metallic tin powder: 0.01-0.05%, carborundum powder: 0.03-0.15%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.1-0.3%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.1-0.5%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 0.3-2.5%, boron carbide: 0.1-0.3%, rare earth powder: 0.5-3%；
(2) pretreatment: high-purity iron powder, atomized copper powder, metallic tin powder, electrolytic manganese powder, Cr-Zr alloy powder are carried out reduction treatment in reducing atmosphere, time is 1-2 hour, carry out drying and processing the most respectively, oven temperature is 80-200 degree Celsius, drying time is 2-5 hour, graphite flakes, carborundum powder, molybdenum bisuphide, boron carbide, rare earth powder is dried 15-30 hour in the baking oven of 50-80 degree Celsius；
(3) component mixing: the above-mentioned powder dried being sequentially added into powder mixer, and is thoroughly mixed, mixing time is 2-6 hour, is subsequently adding the auxiliary agent of 0.3-0.8%, proceeds stirring mixing 2-5 hour；
(4) preforming: mould is preheated 1.5-2.5 hour under 120-200 degree Celsius, pour the powder mixed into pre-pressing die, then suppress at 50 tons of forming machines, Stress control at 500-650 MPa, 0.5-2 hour press time；
(5) high-temperature molding: preforming stampings are taken out from mould; it is put in the iron-based sintering furnace of band gas shield atmosphere being sintered shaping; reach 450-550 degree Celsius in temperature simultaneously and be incubated 1.5-2.5 hour; temperature is incubated 1.5-2.5 hour at 650-750 degree Celsius; finally temperature is controlled at 1150-1280 degree Celsius, sinter 2.5-4 hour；
(6) being heat-treated: be heat-treated by the product after sintering, at 830-850 degree Celsius, the carbon potential at 0.5%-0.8% is protected in atmosphere and is heated 0.5-2 hour, quenches, and is then tempered 0.5-2 hour at 180-260 degree Celsius；
(7) post processing: the most thermally treated above-mentioned product is removed flash removed, then carries out oil immersion process.
The invention have benefit that: the present invention is mainly in ferrous based powder metallurgical elemental basis, add such as chromium, metallic element that zirconium uniform wearability is good, by suitable technique, add appropriate rare earth element simultaneously, reduce sintering resistance, change pore morphology and distribution, hole nodularization in acceleration of sintering body, rare earth element gathers crystal boundary and phase boundary simultaneously, solution strengthening and dispersion-strengtherning effect can also be produced, being greatly promoted the performance of alloy, prepared material has stronger wear-resisting, corrosion resistance and hardness, the most also has a characteristic such as high intensity and impact resistance.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
(1) raw material prepares: according to rare earth alloy composite property requirement, determines that proportion of composing weighs following component material:
High-purity iron powder: 96.81%, graphite flakes: 0.5%, atomized copper powder: 1.5%, metallic tin powder: 0.01%, carborundum powder: 0.03%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.1%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.1%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 0.3%, boron carbide: 0.1%, rare earth powder: 0.55%, wherein rare earth powder is lanthanum oxide powder, and in Cr-Zr alloy powder, chromium powder, zirconium powder ratio are 1:9；
(2) pretreatment: high-purity iron powder, atomized copper powder, metallic tin powder, electrolytic manganese powder, Cr-Zr alloy powder are carried out reduction treatment in reducing atmosphere, time is 1 hour, carry out drying and processing the most respectively, oven temperature is 80 degrees Celsius, drying time is 2 hours, graphite flakes, carborundum powder, molybdenum bisuphide, boron carbide, rare earth powder is dried 15 hours in the baking oven of 50 degrees Celsius；
(3) component mixing: the above-mentioned powder dried being sequentially added into powder mixer, and is thoroughly mixed, mixing time is 2 hours, is subsequently adding the auxiliary agent of 0.3%, and described auxiliary agent is zinc stearate, proceeds stirring mixing 2 hours；
(4) preforming: mould to be preheated at one hundred and twenty degrees centigrade 1.5 hours, pour the powder mixed into pre-pressing die, then suppress at 50 tons of forming machines, Stress control at 500 MPas, 0.5 hour press time；
(5) high-temperature molding: preforming stampings are taken out from mould; it is put in the iron-based sintering furnace of band gas shield atmosphere being sintered shaping; reach 450 degrees Celsius in temperature simultaneously and be incubated 1.5 hours; temperature is incubated 1.5 hours at 650 degrees Celsius; finally temperature is controlled at 1150 degrees Celsius, sinter 2.5 hours；
(6) being heat-treated: be heat-treated by the product after sintering, at 830 degrees Celsius, the carbon potential 0.5% is protected in atmosphere and is heated 0.5 hour, quenches, and is then tempered 0.5 hour at 180 degrees Celsius；
(7) post processing: the most thermally treated above-mentioned product is removed flash removed, then carries out oil immersion process.
Embodiment 2
(1) raw material prepares: according to rare earth alloy composite property requirement, determines that proportion of composing weighs following component material:
High-purity iron powder: 90.6%, graphite flakes: 0.8%, atomized copper powder: 2.0%, metallic tin powder: 0.05%, carborundum powder: 0.15%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.3%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.5%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 2.5%, boron carbide: 0.3%, rare earth powder: 2.8%, wherein rare earth powder is lanthanum oxide powder, and in Cr-Zr alloy powder, chromium powder, zirconium powder ratio are 1:9；
(2) pretreatment: high-purity iron powder, atomized copper powder, metallic tin powder, electrolytic manganese powder, Cr-Zr alloy powder are carried out reduction treatment in reducing atmosphere, time is 1 hour, carry out drying and processing the most respectively, oven temperature is 80 degrees Celsius, drying time is 2 hours, graphite flakes, carborundum powder, molybdenum bisuphide, boron carbide, rare earth powder is dried 15 hours in the baking oven of 50 degrees Celsius；
(3) component mixing: the above-mentioned powder dried being sequentially added into powder mixer, and is thoroughly mixed, mixing time is 2 hours, is subsequently adding the auxiliary agent of 0.8%, and described auxiliary agent is zinc stearate, proceeds stirring mixing 2 hours；
(4) preforming: mould to be preheated at 200 degrees celsius 1.5 hours, pour the powder mixed into pre-pressing die, then suppress at 50 tons of forming machines, Stress control at 500 MPas, 0.5 hour press time；
(5) high-temperature molding: preforming stampings are taken out from mould; it is put in the iron-based sintering furnace of band gas shield atmosphere being sintered shaping; reach 450 degrees Celsius in temperature simultaneously and be incubated 1.5 hours; temperature is incubated 1.5 hours at 650 degrees Celsius; finally temperature is controlled at 1150 degrees Celsius, sinter 2.5 hours；
(6) being heat-treated: be heat-treated by the product after sintering, at 830 degrees Celsius, the carbon potential 0.8% is protected in atmosphere and is heated 0.5 hour, quenches, and is then tempered 0.5 hour at 180 degrees Celsius；
(7) post processing: the most thermally treated above-mentioned product is removed flash removed, then carries out oil immersion process.
Embodiment 3
(1) raw material prepares: according to rare earth alloy composite property requirement, determines that proportion of composing weighs following component material:
High-purity iron powder: 95.39%, graphite flakes: 0.6%, atomized copper powder: 1.6%, metallic tin powder: 0.03%, carborundum powder: 0.08%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.2%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.3%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 0.8%, boron carbide: 0.2%, rare earth powder: 0.8%, wherein rare earth powder is lanthanum oxide powder, and in Cr-Zr alloy powder, chromium powder, zirconium powder ratio are 1:9；
(2) pretreatment: high-purity iron powder, atomized copper powder, metallic tin powder, electrolytic manganese powder, Cr-Zr alloy powder are carried out reduction treatment in reducing atmosphere, time is 2 hours, carry out drying and processing the most respectively, oven temperature is 120 degrees Celsius, drying time is 5 hours, graphite flakes, carborundum powder, molybdenum bisuphide, boron carbide, rare earth powder is dried 30 hours in the baking oven of 50 degrees Celsius；
(3) component mixing: the above-mentioned powder dried being sequentially added into powder mixer, and is thoroughly mixed, mixing time is 2 hours, is subsequently adding the auxiliary agent of 0.3%, and described auxiliary agent is zinc stearate, proceeds stirring mixing 5 hours；
(4) preforming: mould to be preheated 1.5 hours under 180 degrees Celsius, pours the powder mixed into pre-pressing die, then suppress at 50 tons of forming machines, Stress control at 550 MPas, 1 hour press time；
(5) high-temperature molding: preforming stampings are taken out from mould; it is put in the iron-based sintering furnace of band gas shield atmosphere being sintered shaping; reach 550 degrees Celsius in temperature simultaneously and be incubated 2 hours; temperature is incubated 1.5 hours at 750 degrees Celsius; finally temperature is controlled at 1180 degrees Celsius, sinter 2.5 hours；
(6) being heat-treated: be heat-treated by the product after sintering, at 830 degrees Celsius, the carbon potential 0.8% is protected in atmosphere and is heated 1 hour, quenches, and is then tempered 1 hour at 180 degrees Celsius；
(7) post processing: the most thermally treated above-mentioned product is removed flash removed, then carries out oil immersion process.
Embodiment 4
(1) raw material prepares: according to rare earth alloy composite property requirement, determines that proportion of composing weighs following component material:
High-purity iron powder: 93.76%, graphite flakes: 0.7%, atomized copper powder: 1.8%, metallic tin powder: 0.01%, carborundum powder: 0.03%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.1%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.5%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 0.6%, boron carbide: 0.3%, rare earth powder: 2.2%, wherein rare earth powder is lanthanum oxide powder, and in Cr-Zr alloy powder, chromium powder, zirconium powder ratio are 1:9；
(2) pretreatment: high-purity iron powder, atomized copper powder, metallic tin powder, electrolytic manganese powder, Cr-Zr alloy powder are carried out reduction treatment in reducing atmosphere, time is 1 hour, carry out drying and processing the most respectively, oven temperature is 120 degrees Celsius, drying time is 2 hours, graphite flakes, carborundum powder, molybdenum bisuphide, boron carbide, rare earth powder is dried 15 hours in the baking oven of 50 degrees Celsius；
(3) component mixing: the above-mentioned powder dried being sequentially added into powder mixer, and is thoroughly mixed, mixing time is 5 hours, is subsequently adding the auxiliary agent of 0.7%, and described auxiliary agent is zinc stearate, proceeds stirring mixing 2 hours；
(4) preforming: mould to be preheated at one hundred and twenty degrees centigrade 1.5 hours, pour the powder mixed into pre-pressing die, then suppress at 50 tons of forming machines, Stress control at 500 MPas, 0.5 hour press time；
(5) high-temperature molding: preforming stampings are taken out from mould; it is put in the iron-based sintering furnace of band gas shield atmosphere being sintered shaping; reach 500 degrees Celsius in temperature simultaneously and be incubated 2 hours; temperature is incubated 2 hours at 700 degrees Celsius; finally temperature is controlled at 1150 degrees Celsius, sinter 2.5 hours；
(6) being heat-treated: be heat-treated by the product after sintering, at 830 degrees Celsius, the carbon potential 0.5% is protected in atmosphere and is heated 0.5 hour, quenches, and is then tempered 0.5 hour at 180 degrees Celsius；
(7) post processing: the most thermally treated above-mentioned product is removed flash removed, then carries out oil immersion process.
Embodiment 5
(1) raw material prepares: according to rare earth alloy composite property requirement, determines that proportion of composing weighs following component material:
High-purity iron powder: 93.85%, graphite flakes: 0.5%, atomized copper powder: 1.8%, metallic tin powder: 0.05%, carborundum powder: 0.15%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.2%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.35%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 1.5%, boron carbide: 0.1%, rare earth powder: 1.5%, wherein rare earth powder is lanthanum oxide powder, and in Cr-Zr alloy powder, chromium powder, zirconium powder ratio are 1:9；
(2) pretreatment: high-purity iron powder, atomized copper powder, metallic tin powder, electrolytic manganese powder, Cr-Zr alloy powder are carried out reduction treatment in reducing atmosphere, time is 1 hour, carry out drying and processing the most respectively, oven temperature is 200 degrees Celsius, drying time is 5 hours, graphite flakes, carborundum powder, molybdenum bisuphide, boron carbide, rare earth powder is dried 30 hours in the baking oven of 50 degrees Celsius；
(3) component mixing: the above-mentioned powder dried being sequentially added into powder mixer, and is thoroughly mixed, mixing time is 2 hours, is subsequently adding the auxiliary agent of 0.8%, and described auxiliary agent is zinc stearate, proceeds stirring mixing 2 hours；
(4) preforming: mould to be preheated at one hundred and twenty degrees centigrade 1.5 hours, pour the powder mixed into pre-pressing die, then suppress at 50 tons of forming machines, Stress control at 580 MPas, 0.5 hour press time；
(5) high-temperature molding: preforming stampings are taken out from mould; it is put in the iron-based sintering furnace of band gas shield atmosphere being sintered shaping; reach 450 degrees Celsius in temperature simultaneously and be incubated 1.5 hours; temperature is incubated 1.5 hours at 650 degrees Celsius; finally temperature is controlled at 1150 degrees Celsius, sinter 3 hours；
(6) being heat-treated: be heat-treated by the product after sintering, at 830 degrees Celsius, the carbon potential 0.8% is protected in atmosphere and is heated 0.5 hour, quenches, and is then tempered 0.5 hour at 180 degrees Celsius；
(7) post processing: the most thermally treated above-mentioned product is removed flash removed, then carries out oil immersion process.
Claims (2)
1. a rare earth alloy composite and preparation method, it is characterised in that composite each constituent mass percentage is: high-purity iron powder: 90-98%, graphite flakes: 0.5-0.8%, atomized copper powder: 1.5-2.0%, metallic tin powder: 0.01-0.05%, carborundum powder: 0.03-0.15%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.1-0.3%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.1-0.5%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 0.3-2.5%, boron carbide: 0.1-0.3%, rare earth powder: 0.5-3%, auxiliary agent: 0.3-0.8%.
Rare earth alloy composite the most according to claim 1 and preparation method, it is characterised in that main preparation process is: (1) raw material prepares: according to rare earth alloy composite property requirement, determine that proportion of composing weighs following component material:
High-purity iron powder: 90-98%, graphite flakes: 0.5-0.8%, atomized copper powder: 1.5-2.0%, metallic tin powder: 0.01-0.05%, carborundum powder: 0.03-0.15%, electrolytic manganese powder: 0.1-0.3%, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.1-0.5%, Cr-Zr alloy powder: 0.3-2.5%, boron carbide: 0.1-0.3%, rare earth powder: 0.5-3%；
(2) pretreatment: high-purity iron powder, atomized copper powder, metallic tin powder, electrolytic manganese powder, Cr-Zr alloy powder are carried out reduction treatment in reducing atmosphere, time is 1-2 hour, carry out drying and processing the most respectively, oven temperature is 80-200 degree Celsius, drying time is 2-5 hour, graphite flakes, carborundum powder, molybdenum bisuphide, boron carbide, rare earth powder is dried 15-30 hour in the baking oven of 50-80 degree Celsius；
(3) component mixing: the above-mentioned powder dried being sequentially added into powder mixer, and is thoroughly mixed, mixing time is 2-6 hour, is subsequently adding the auxiliary agent of 0.3-0.8%, proceeds stirring mixing 2-5 hour；
(4) preforming: mould is preheated 1.5-2.5 hour under 120-200 degree Celsius, pour the powder mixed into pre-pressing die, then suppress at 50 tons of forming machines, Stress control at 500-650 MPa, 0.5-2 hour press time；
(5) high-temperature molding: preforming stampings are taken out from mould; it is put in the iron-based sintering furnace of band gas shield atmosphere being sintered shaping; it is incubated 1.5-2.5 hour when temperature reaches 450-550 degree Celsius simultaneously; temperature is incubated 1.5-2.5 hour when 650-750 degree Celsius; finally temperature is controlled at 1150-1280 degree Celsius, sinter 2.5-4 hour；
(6) being heat-treated: be heat-treated by the product after sintering, at 830-850 degree Celsius, the carbon potential at 0.5%-0.8% is protected in atmosphere and is heated 0.5-2 hour, quenches, and is then tempered 0.5-2 hour at 180-260 degree Celsius；
(7) post processing: go flash removed to process the most thermally treated above-mentioned product, then carry out oil immersion process.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107774983A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-03-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of rare earth modified granule reinforced steel matrix skin layer steric configuration composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN108893640A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-11-27 | 中南大学 | A kind of high temperature resistant antifriction material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109233374A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽信息工程学院 | A kind of preparation method of hydrophobic composite |
| CN111212888A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2020-05-29 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | Alumina forming heat transfer tube for thermal cracking |
| CN114988410A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-02 | 赣州晨光稀土新材料有限公司 | Rare earth carbide material and preparation method and application thereof |
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