CN104109816A - Carburizing alloy steel, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Carburizing alloy steel, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104109816A CN104109816A CN201410297447.XA CN201410297447A CN104109816A CN 104109816 A CN104109816 A CN 104109816A CN 201410297447 A CN201410297447 A CN 201410297447A CN 104109816 A CN104109816 A CN 104109816A
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910019932 CrNiMo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to carburizing alloy steel, and a preparation method thereof. The alloy of the carburizing alloy steel comprises, by mass, 0.15%-0.25% of C, less than or equal to 0.30% of Si, 0.30%-1.20% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.010% of S, 0.30%-1.50% of Cr, 2.80%-3.80% of Ni, 0.30%-1.00% of Mo, 0.01%-0.08% of Al, at least one selected from 0.05%-0.15% of V and 0.025-0.10% of Nb, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities. A mass percentage of V, Nb and Al meets an equation of V+Nb+Al <= 0.30%. The carburizing alloy steel provided by the invention has good anti-fatigue performance, excellent comprehensive properties, good hardenability, high yield ratio, extremely small internal oxidation and the characteristic of resisting grain growth at a high temperature, and is suitable for manufacturing heavy-duty gears.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel alloy, especially a kind of carburizing alloy steel that is applicable to manufacture heavy-duty gear, belongs to ferrous alloy field.
Background technology
Spendable converted steel kind is many in the world, but high performance high-quality converted steel is fewer.Heavy-duty gear must have superior hardening capacity, thinner grain fineness number, less interior oxidation, high fatigue property and good comprehensive mechanical property with converted steel.
At present, it is the senior high-quality converted steel such as 20Cr2Ni4,18Cr2Ni4W, 17Cr2Ni2Mo that locomotive gear, high-power wind power generation gear and the high-power mining machinery gear that 25 tons, China and above axle are heavy adopts the trade mark conventionally.These existing heavy-duty gear converted steel, its mating chemical composition is unreasonable, and comprehensive mechanical property is not very desirable, has many deficiencies.For example: although 17Cr2Ni2Mo has good processing performance, yield strength is lower, hardening capacity is compared poor with 20Cr2Ni4,18Cr2Ni4W; Although 18Cr2Ni4W has good hardening capacity and high strength, processing performance is very poor and because the content of Ni element is higher, production cost is higher, and economy is poor; 20Cr2Ni4 has good over-all properties and economy, but hardening capacity is still unsatisfactory, and interior oxidation is larger.
Chinese patent literature CN1851024A (application number: 200510018605.4) disclose a kind of heavy-load gear steel, its chemical component weight per-cent is: C0.14～0.20, Mn1.2～1.60, Si≤0.12, P≤0.03, S0.015～0.04, Cr1.30～1.80, W≤0.05, Ti0.04～0.10, O≤20ppm, surplus is Fe and other impurity.Chinese patent literature CN101397631A (application number: 200710153141.7) thus a kind of have at low temperatures low resistance to deformation and a high limit rate of compression excellent in cold forging property and case hardening steel that carburizing distortion is less is disclosed; It is the case hardening steel of forging and low carburizing excellent in deformation characteristics, it is characterized in that, contain: in quality %, C:0.07～0.3%, Si:0.01～0.15%, Mn:0.1～0.7%, P:0.03% are following, S:0.002～0.10%, Al:0.01～0.08%, Cr:0.7～1.5%, Ti:0.01～0.15%, B:0.0005～0.005%, below N:0.008%, surplus by Fe and inevitably impurity form; Metal structure more than 65% be ferritic phase, Bainite Phases of Some is below 15%.Above two kinds of converted steel, have added the alloys such as Mn, Cr, Ti, but the obvious reduction that the alloying constituents such as Mn, Cr, Ti have but been brought material plasticity and toughness when increasing the strength of materials.Especially Ti element, although it can crystal grain thinning, improves intensity, and the interpolation of Ti element very easily causes reduce the fatigue lifetime of gear.
Chinese patent literature CN102080188A (application number: 201010603965.1) disclosing a kind of CrNiMo is free-cutting pinion steel and preparation method thereof, the chemical component weight per-cent % of steel is: C 0.17～0.23, Si 0.15～0.37, and Mn 0.60～0.95, and Cr 0.35～0.65, Ni 0.35～0.75, Mo 0.15～0.25, P≤0.030, and S 0.010～0.040, Al 0.005～0.050, and Ca/S 0.3～0.6; Remaining is Fe and trace impurity.Preparation method, comprises just furnace (electric furnace or converter) smelting, LF+VD (or RH) external refining, continuous casting, rolling, it is characterized in that, adopts external refining and Fruit storage to make oxygen content in steel be not more than 15 * 10-6; Control the content of micro-S, improving CrNiMo is the cutting ability of Pinion Steel, makes this steel be suitable for High Speed Machining, important precision component.The content of this Pinion Steel Ni element and Mo element is lower, and its comprehensive mechanical property is poor, cannot meet the requirement of heavy-duty gear.
Therefore, for meeting the property development needs of locomotive gear, high-power wind power generation gear and high-power mining machinery gear that China 25T and above axle are heavy, develop that a kind of comprehensive mechanical property is good, manufacturing process is relatively simple, and the high high-performance converted steel of cost performance seems particularly urgent.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of anti-fatigue performance good, comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, has high-hardenability, high-yield-ratio, minimum interior oxidation and the carburizing alloy steel of high temperature resistance grain growth characteristic, and the preparation method and application of this carburizing alloy steel.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of carburizing alloy steel, the component of alloy and mass percent thereof are C:0.15%～0.25%, Si :≤0.30%, Mn:0.30%～1.20%, P :≤0.015%, S :≤0.010%, Cr:0.30%～1.50%, Ni:2.80%～3.80%, Mo:0.30%～1.00%, Al:0.01%～0.08%, and at least one in V and Nb, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; And when above-mentioned steel alloy comprises V, the mass percent of V is 0.05%～0.15%, when above-mentioned steel alloy comprises Nb, the mass percent of Nb is 0.025%～0.10%, and the mass percentage content of described V, Nb and Al meets V+Nb+Al≤0.30%.
The mass percentage content of Al in steel alloy described above is 0.02%～0.05%; The mass percentage content of described V, Nb and Al meets V+Nb+Al≤0.20%.
The mass percentage content of C in above-mentioned steel alloy is that the mass percentage content of 0.15%～0.23%, Si is≤0.25%.
The mass percentage content of Mn in above-mentioned steel alloy is that the mass percentage content of 0.40%～1.00%, Cr is 0.40%～1.20%.
The mass percentage content of Ni in above-mentioned steel alloy is that the mass percentage content of 3.00%～3.80%, Mo is 0.40%～0.80%.
The situation of the impurity element in above-mentioned steel alloy is: mass percentage content≤0.02% of N, mass percentage content≤0.002% of O, mass percentage content≤0.0002% of H.
The mass percentage content of above-mentioned N preferably≤0.01%.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is the preparation method of carburizing alloy steel, comprises the following steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt existing steel-making refinery practice to carry out alloy melting;
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot is made to blank;
C. normalizing and tempering is processed;
D. Q-tempering is processed, and it is that blank is warming up to 800 ℃～860 ℃ that described Q-tempering is processed, and after insulation 0.8h～1.5h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil; Then take out blank and carry out again temper.
It is that blank is warming up to 900 ℃～960 ℃ that above-mentioned normalizing and tempering is processed, after insulation 0.8h～1.5h, air-cooled to room temperature, then blank is warming up to 630 ℃～750 ℃, after insulation 0.8h～1.5h, air-cooled to room temperature; Described Q-tempering is processed, and blank is warming up to 160 ℃～220 ℃ when tempering, after insulation 2.5h～3.5h, air-cooled to room temperature.
In above-mentioned steps A, described smelting and refinery practice adopt the technique of electrosmelting, ladle refining furnace+vacuum degassing furnace.
In above-mentioned steps D, the use temperature of described fast quenching oil is 40 ℃～100 ℃.
The application of above-mentioned carburizing alloy steel is for the manufacture of heavy-duty gear.
Below to contained element role in alloy in carburizing alloy steel of the present invention, with and preferred content (mass percent scope) be described in detail:
C: main solution strengthening element, in order to guarantee to there is enough intensity, C must be more than 0.15%, but when C content surpasses 0.25%, can make intensity superelevation, and toughness degradation, therefore, C content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 0.15%～0.25%, is further preferably 0.15%～0.23%.
Si: reductor, in order to improve anti-interior oxidation capacity, the Si content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at below 0.30%, in order to guarantee deoxidation effect and certain yield strength, more preferably below 0.25%.
Mn: good reductor and sweetening agent, the while is also improved the hardening capacity of steel, improves the hot workability of steel.But too high Mn content can reduce infiltration layer toughness, therefore, the Mn content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 0.30%～1.20%; More preferably 0.40%～1.00%.
P: easily form microsegregation in solidification of molten steel process, segregation, to crystal boundary, significantly increases steel brittleness in austenitization subsequently, and therefore, the P content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at below 0.015%.
S: inevitable impurity element, form with Mn the toughness that MnS inclusion can reduce steel when the grain boundary segregation, therefore, the S content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at below 0.010%.
Cr: main hardening capacity element, intensity, hardness and the wear resistance of raising steel.But too high Cr content can reduce the cold-forming property of steel.Therefore, the Cr content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 0.30%～1.50%; More preferably 0.40%～1.20%.
Ni: main solution strengthening element, increase along with Ni content, the normal temperature strength of steel also can increase, and plasticity and the Toughness of the interpolation alloy of Ni are little, but too high Ni can reduce the hot workability of steel, and high cost, therefore, the Ni content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 2.80%～3.80%; More preferably 3.00%～3.80%.
Mo: main hardening capacity element, can improve the hardening capacity of matrix and infiltration layer, but excessive Mo can cause forgeability to decline simultaneously, and high cost.Therefore, the Mo content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 0.30%～1.00%; More preferably 0.40%～0.80%.
Al, Nb, V:Al are reductor and crystal grain thinning element, Al content is 0.01% when following, Grain refinement is not obvious, but Al content is 0.08% when above, its desoxydatoin increase is also not obvious, and easily forms larger inclusion, affects fatigue property, therefore, the Al content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 0.01%～0.08%; More preferably 0.02%～0.05%.Nb is crystal grain thinning element, and Nb content is 0.025% when following, and Grain refinement is not obvious, Nb content is 0.10% when above, and Grain refinement reaches capacity, and amplification is also not obvious, therefore, the Nb content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 0.025%～0.10%.V is crystal grain thinning element, and V content is below 0.05%, and Grain refinement is not obvious, and V content is 0.15% when above, and Grain refinement reaches capacity, and amplification is also not obvious, and therefore, the V content in alloy of the present invention is controlled at 0.05%～0.15%.Simultaneously, in alloy of the present invention when Al, V, the compound interpolation of Nb, must meet V+Nb+Al≤0.30%, further be optimized for V+Nb+Al≤0.20%, thereby this is can be by the toughness of crystal grain thinning degree remote effect alloy owing to rationally controlling the compound addition of Al, V, Nb, when V+Nb+Al>0.30%, the DeGrain of crystal grain thinning degree, the toughness of the thick meeting of grain fineness number alloy is brought adverse influence, when V+Nb+Al≤0.20%, the effect of crystal grain thinning degree is better, and alloy toughness is best.
N: smelt inevitable elemental gas, can be with Al, Nb, V etc. in conjunction with forming compound, thus crystal grain thinning, but too high can segregation crystal boundary and reduce grain-boundary strength, therefore, the content of the N in alloy of the present invention be controlled at≤0.02%, more preferably≤0.01%.
O: obnoxious flavour element, when too high, can reduce fatigue property, therefore, be controlled at≤20ppm of the content of the O in alloy of the present invention.
H: obnoxious flavour element, when too high, can reduce toughness, therefore, be controlled at≤2.0ppm of the content of the H in alloy of the present invention.
The present invention has positive effect:
(1) carburizing alloy steel of the present invention by Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo element and with the rational proportion of C, when guaranteeing that material hardness of steel increases, plasticity and the toughness that can also guarantee material are not subject to considerable influence, have avoided the phenomenon that causes material plasticity and toughness obviously to decline because of strength increase.Prepared carburizing alloy steel material comprehensive mechanical property is good; Obviously overcome the contradiction that carburizing alloy steel of the prior art causes in intensity because each mating chemical composition is unreasonable and moulds, can not take into account aspect toughness.In addition, also effectively improve the hardening capacity of carburizing alloy steel, thereby made these steel applicable to large module gear.
(2) carburizing alloy steel of the present invention, by interpolation or the compound interpolation of Al, V, Nb element, makes alloy in moulding process, have excellent anti-grain growth performance, is particularly useful for the part of high temperature carburizing.
(3) carburizing alloy steel of the present invention coordinates by the optimization of Si, Ni and Mo element, can reduce the interior oxidation of crystal boundary in cementation process, and make it in longer carburizing time, its internal oxidation characteristic ratio conventional steel has lower depth of internal oxidation value, and being particularly useful for internally oxidation has the very mechanical component of high request.
(4) carburizing alloy steel of the present invention is by choose reasonable and the proportioning thereof of Cr, Ni, Mo element, makes that these steel are easy to manufacture, process industrial art performance is good, and production cost is relatively low, is conducive to increase economic efficiency.
(5) carburizing alloy steel of the present invention has minimum interior oxidation, high-hardenability, high-yield-ratio and high temperature resistance grain growth characteristic, and being specially adapted to manufacture has the very mechanical component of high request to anti-fatigue performance and comprehensive mechanical property, as heavy-duty gear etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 is the hardening capacity relativity figure of the carburizing alloy steel of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and the carburizing alloy steel of 20Cr2Ni4,18Cr2Ni4W and 17Cr2Ni2Mo.
Fig. 2 is the internal oxidation degree of depth of carburizing alloy steel of 17Cr2Ni2Mo of comparative example 1 and the graph of a relation of case depth, has provided the situation of 3 samples in figure.
Fig. 3 is the internal oxidation degree of depth of carburizing alloy steel of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and the graph of a relation of case depth, has provided the situation of 3 samples in figure.Wherein, at approximately 0.5 millimeter of place of carburized depth, the numerical value of the oxidation depth of the numerical value of the oxidation depth of specimen coding 2 and specimen coding 3 is substantially overlapping, is all about 0.002 millimeter; At approximately 1.25 millimeters of places of carburized depth, the numerical value of the oxidation depth of the numerical value of the oxidation depth of specimen coding 1 and specimen coding 2 is substantially overlapping, is all about 0.002 millimeter; At approximately 1.8 millimeters of places of carburized depth, the numerical value of the oxidation depth of the numerical value of the oxidation depth of specimen coding 1 and specimen coding 3 is substantially overlapping, is all about 0.002 millimeter; At approximately 2.5 millimeters of places of carburized depth, the numerical value of the oxidation depth of the numerical value of the oxidation depth of specimen coding 2 and specimen coding 3 is substantially overlapping, is all about 0.002 millimeter; At approximately 3.25 millimeters of places of carburized depth, the numerical value of the oxidation depth of the numerical value of the oxidation depth of specimen coding 2 and specimen coding 3 is substantially overlapping, is all about 0.002 millimeter.
Fig. 4 is the grain fineness number of carburizing alloy steel and the graph of a relation of Heating temperature of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The component of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment and mass percent thereof are: C:0.18%, Si:0.16%, Mn:0.69%, P:0.009%, S:0.005%, Cr:1.00%, Ni:3.55%, Mo:0.62%, Al:0.04%, V:0.05%, Nb:0.03%, N:0.0092%, O:0.0019%, H:0.00015%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment, comprises following concrete steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt the steel-making refinery practice of electric furnace+ladle refining furnace (LF)+vacuum degassing furnace in prior art to carry out alloy melting.
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot is made to round steel, on round steel, according to standard GB/T/T2975-1998 < < steel and product made from steel mechanical property test sample position and sample, prepare the > > blank of materialsing.
C. sample blank is carried out to normalizing and tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 950 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature; Then blank is warming up to 750 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
D. sample blank is carried out to Q-tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 860 ℃, after insulation 1h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil, the use temperature of fast quenching oil is controlled at 60 ± 5 ℃; Then take out blank, then blank is warming up to 220 ℃, after insulation 3h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 2
The component of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment and mass percent thereof are: C:0.15%, Si:0.20%, Mn:0.95%, P:0.008%, S:0.006%, Cr:1.20%, Ni:3.75%, Mo:0.41%, Al:0.08%, V:0.12%, N:0.0080%, O:0.0016%, H:0.00016%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment, comprises following concrete steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt the steel-making refinery practice of electric furnace+ladle refining furnace (LF)+vacuum degassing furnace in prior art to carry out alloy melting.
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot made to round steel, on round steel according to standard GB/T/T2975-1998 blank of materialsing.
C. sample blank is carried out to normalizing and tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 900 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature; Then blank is warming up to 630 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
D. sample blank is carried out to Q-tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 800 ℃, after insulation 1h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil, the use temperature of fast quenching oil is controlled at 60 ± 5 ℃; Then take out blank, then blank is warming up to 160 ℃, after insulation 3h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 3
The component of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment and mass percent thereof are: C:0.23%, Si:0.14%, Mn:0.45%, P:0.008%, S:0.004%, Cr:0.45%, Ni:3.05%, Mo:0.79%, Al:0.02%, Nb:0.09%, N:0.0078%, O:0.0012%, H:0.00013%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment, comprises following concrete steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt the steel-making refinery practice of electric furnace+ladle refining furnace (LF)+vacuum degassing furnace in prior art to carry out alloy melting.
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot made to round steel, on round steel according to standard GB/T/T2975-1998 blank of materialsing.
C. sample blank is carried out to normalizing and tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 920 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature; Then blank is warming up to 700 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
D. sample blank is carried out to Q-tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 840 ℃, after insulation 1h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil, the use temperature of fast quenching oil is controlled at 60 ± 5 ℃; Then take out blank, then blank is warming up to 200 ℃, after insulation 3h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 4
The component of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment and mass percent thereof are: C:0.20%, Si:0.05%, Mn:0.50%, P:0.007%, S:0.005%, Cr:0.85%, Ni:3.30%, Mo:0.50%, Al:0.02%, V:0.10%, Nb:0.07%, N:0.0089%, O:0.0018%, H:0.00015%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment, comprises following concrete steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt the steel-making refinery practice of electric furnace+ladle refining furnace (LF)+vacuum degassing furnace in prior art to carry out alloy melting.
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot made to round steel, on round steel according to standard GB/T/T2975-1998 blank of materialsing.
C. sample blank is carried out to normalizing and tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 930 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature; Then blank is warming up to 680 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
D. sample blank is carried out to Q-tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 820 ℃, after insulation 1h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil, the use temperature of fast quenching oil is controlled at 60 ± 5 ℃; Then take out blank, then blank is warming up to 180 ℃, after insulation 3h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 5
The component of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment and mass percent thereof are: C:0.17%, Si:0.06%, Mn:0.73%, P:0.006%, S:0.005%, Cr:1.15%, Ni:3.52%, Mo:0.65%, Al:0.02%, V:0.11%, N:0.0065%, O:0.0015%, H:0.00012%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment, comprises following concrete steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt the steel-making refinery practice of electric furnace+ladle refining furnace (LF)+vacuum degassing furnace in prior art to carry out alloy melting.
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot made to round steel, on round steel according to standard GB/T/T2975-1998 blank of materialsing.
C. sample blank is carried out to normalizing and tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 930 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature; Then blank is warming up to 680 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
D. sample blank is carried out to Q-tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 820 ℃, after insulation 1h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil, the use temperature of fast quenching oil is controlled at 60 ± 5 ℃; Then take out blank, then blank is warming up to 180 ℃, after insulation 3h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 6
The component of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment and mass percent thereof are: C:0.22%, Si:0.08%, Mn:0.50%, P:0.007%, S:0.004%, Cr:0.76%, Ni:3.19%, Mo:0.74%, Al:0.03%, Nb:0.08%, N:0.0072%, O:0.0016%, H:0.00015%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment, comprises following concrete steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt the steel-making refinery practice of electric furnace+ladle refining furnace (LF)+vacuum degassing furnace in prior art to carry out alloy melting.
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot made to round steel, on round steel according to standard GB/T/T2975-1998 blank of materialsing.
C. sample blank is carried out to normalizing and tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 930 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature; Then blank is warming up to 680 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
D. sample blank is carried out to Q-tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 820 ℃, after insulation 1h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil, the use temperature of fast quenching oil is controlled at 60 ± 5 ℃; Then take out blank, then blank is warming up to 180 ℃, after insulation 3h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 7
The component of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment and mass percent thereof are: C:0.21%, Si:0.25%, Mn:0.49%, P:0.008%, S:0.004%, Cr:0.53%, Ni:3.25%, Mo:0.66%, Al:0.05%, V:0.09%, Nb:0.05%, N:0.0069%, O:0.0014%, H:0.00014%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the carburizing alloy steel of the present embodiment, comprises following concrete steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt the steel-making refinery practice of electric furnace+ladle refining furnace (LF)+vacuum degassing furnace in prior art to carry out alloy melting.
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot made to round steel, on round steel according to standard GB/T/T2975-1998 blank of materialsing.
C. sample blank is carried out to normalizing and tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 930 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature; Then blank is warming up to 680 ℃, after insulation 1h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
D. sample blank is carried out to Q-tempering processing.First blank is warming up to 820 ℃, after insulation 1h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil, the use temperature of fast quenching oil is controlled at 60 ± 5 ℃; Then take out blank, then blank is warming up to 180 ℃, after insulation 3h, the mode of drying by gas blower is air-cooled to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
It is the carburizing alloy steel of 17Cr2Ni2Mo that this comparative example is selected the trade mark, and the chemical composition of alloy is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
It is the carburizing alloy steel of 20Cr2Ni4 that this comparative example is selected the trade mark, and the chemical composition of alloy is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
It is the carburizing alloy steel of 18Cr2Ni4W that this comparative example is selected the trade mark, and the chemical composition of alloy is as shown in table 1.According to GB/T228-2010 < < metallic substance tensile test at room temperature method > >, the sample of the carburizing alloy steel of this comparative example is carried out to Mechanics Performance Testing, result is as shown in table 2.
One, chemical composition:
The chemical composition of the carburizing alloy steel of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 to 3 is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 chemical component table
Two, mechanical property:
According to GB/T228-2010 < < metallic substance tensile test at room temperature method > >, the carburizing alloy steel of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 7 and comparative example 1 to 3 is carried out to Mechanics Performance Testing, result is as shown in table 2.As shown in Table 2, carburizing alloy steel of the present invention, because composition proportion is more reasonable, having on the basis of higher yield strength, also has higher toughness.Because the carbon content of embodiment 3 is higher, so the toughness of its alloy is lower slightly.
Table 2 mechanical property table
Three, hardening capacity:
Hardening capacity jominy end quench test method > > according to GB/T225-2006 < < steel measures the hardening capacity of the carburizing alloy steel of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and comparative example 1 to 3.As shown in Figure 1, it is more superior that carburizing alloy steel of the present invention and the carburizing alloy steel of comparative example 1 to 3 are compared hardening capacity, and Δ HRC (J1.5-J50)≤3.
Four, interior oxidisability:
According to GB/T25744-2010 < < steel part carburizing and quenching tempering metallographic examination > >, the internal oxidation degree of depth and the case depth of the carburizing alloy steel of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and comparative example 1 are measured, under each identical car-burization condition, three sample measurement depth of internal oxidation have been got.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, under identical case depth, the depth of internal oxidation in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is all much smaller than the internal oxidation layer degree of depth of 17Cr2Ni2Mo, and the fluctuation of its internal oxidation layer degree of depth is also less.As can be seen here, carburizing alloy steel of the present invention is compared and is being made significant headway aspect interior oxidation with the carburizing alloy steel of comparative example 1.
Four, grain fineness number:
According to GB/T6394-2002 < < metal mean grain size assay method > >, the grain size number of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and average grain diameter are measured, as shown in Figure 4, carburizing alloy steel of the present invention grain fineness number after 930 ℃ of insulation 8h is 9 grades (being greater than 5 grades), illustrate that it is substantial fine grains steel, and in the temperature range of 1020 ℃～1050 ℃, grain fineness number is all more than 6 grades for they, and this illustrates the performance that steel of the present invention can carry out high temperature carburizing and not worsen material.
Carburizing alloy steel of the present invention and preparation method thereof is not limited to the various embodiments described above.Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, the smelting refined sweetening process of carburizing alloy steel of the present invention can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description, as also can adopted Chinese patent literature CN102080188A (application number: 201010603965.1) disclosed method.Here exhaustive without also giving all embodiments.And these belong to apparent variation that spirit of the present invention extended out or change still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a carburizing alloy steel, it is characterized in that: the component of this steel alloy and mass percent thereof are C:0.15%～0.25%, Si :≤0.30%, Mn:0.30%～1.20%, P :≤0.015%, S :≤0.010%, Cr:0.30%～1.50%, Ni:2.80%～3.80%, Mo:0.30%～1.00%, Al:0.01%～0.08%, and at least one in V and Nb, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; And when above-mentioned steel alloy comprises V, the mass percent of V is 0.05%～0.15%, when above-mentioned steel alloy comprises Nb, the mass percent of Nb is 0.025%～0.10%, and the mass percentage content of described V, Nb and Al meets V+Nb+Al≤0.30%.
2. carburizing alloy steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass percentage content of the Al in described steel alloy is 0.02%～0.05%; The mass percentage content of described V, Nb and Al meets V+Nb+Al≤0.20%.
3. carburizing alloy steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass percentage content that the mass percentage content of the C in described steel alloy is 0.15%～0.23%, Si is≤0.25%.
4. carburizing alloy steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass percentage content that the mass percentage content of the Mn in described steel alloy is 0.40%～1.00%, Cr is 0.40%～1.20%.
5. carburizing alloy steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass percentage content that the mass percentage content of the Ni in described steel alloy is 3.00%～3.80%, Mo is 0.40%～0.80%.
6. carburizing alloy steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the situation of the impurity element in described steel alloy is: mass percentage content≤0.02% of N, mass percentage content≤0.002% of O, mass percentage content≤0.0002% of H.
7. carburizing alloy steel according to claim 6, is characterized in that: mass percentage content≤0.01% of described N.
8. a preparation method for the carburizing alloy steel described in the claims 1 to 7 any one, comprises the following steps:
A. according to the component of steel alloy and content, prepare burden, adopt existing smelting and refinery practice to carry out alloy melting;
B. pour into a mould steel ingot, Rolling from Ingot is made to blank;
C. normalizing and tempering is processed;
D. Q-tempering is processed, and it is first blank to be warming up to 800 ℃～860 ℃ that described Q-tempering is processed, and after insulation 0.8h～1.5h, puts into the use temperature that fast quenching oil is cooled to fast quenching oil; Then take out blank and carry out again temper.
9. the preparation method of carburizing alloy steel according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: it is that blank is warming up to 900 ℃～960 ℃ that described normalizing and tempering is processed, after insulation 0.8h～1.5h, air-cooled to room temperature, again blank is warming up to 630 ℃～750 ℃, after insulation 0.8h～1.5h, air-cooled to room temperature; Described Q-tempering is processed, and blank is warming up to 160 ℃～220 ℃ when tempering, after insulation 2.5h～3.5h, air-cooled to room temperature.
10. the preparation method of carburizing alloy steel according to claim 8, is characterized in that: in described steps A, described smelting and refinery practice adopt the technique of electrosmelting, ladle refining furnace+vacuum degassing furnace.
The preparation method of 11. carburizing alloy steels according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the use temperature of described fast quenching oil is 40 ℃～100 ℃.
The application of the carburizing alloy steel described in 12. 1 kinds of the claims 1, is characterized in that: for the manufacture of heavy-duty gear.
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| PCT/CN2015/082298 WO2015197007A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2015-06-25 | Carburized alloy steel, method for preparing same, and use thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015197007A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| CN106661705B (en) | 2019-12-10 |
| AU2015281542B2 (en) | 2019-03-07 |
| CN106661705A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| AU2015281542A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
| CN104109816B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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