CN107549094A

CN107549094A - A kind of wood frog method for breeding

Info

Publication number: CN107549094A
Application number: CN201610516941.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张洪超; 王秋雨; 温淑娥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-07-01
Filing date: 2016-07-01
Publication date: 2018-01-09

Abstract

The present invention relates to cultural technique field, more particularly to a kind of wood frog method for breeding.The present invention is to solve the problem of female wood frog amount is low, and the measure of tadpole period preventing disease and pest lacks and supports the wasting of resources of frog field.The present invention method be：First, tadpole hatching；2nd, tadpole cultural method；3rd, frog amount is supported in science plan.A kind of wood frog method for breeding provided by the invention, effectively solves the problems such as wood frog is half-artificially cultured still in the semi-natural cultivation stages of extensive style, and Tadpole nutrient situation is poor, measure of the tadpole period without any pest control, the female frog rate of recapture only account for 30 40%.Using the method, there is the effect of raising tadpole immunity, effectively prevention red leg disease, bark rot；Female frog ratio reaches 55%, lifts the female frog rate of recapture up to 25%；Charged seed by enough, make full use of resource, overcome blindly to charge seed and cause the underproduction and the wasting of resources.

Description

A kind of wood frog method for breeding

Technical field

The present invention relates to cultural technique field, more particularly to a kind of wood frog method for breeding.

Background technology

Dongbei forest-frog (Rana Dybowskii) is commonly called as " oviductus ranae ", is once named as Rana temporaria chensinensis (RanaChensinensis) and Chinese Train Control System (R.chensinensis changbaishanensis), at me State is distributed mainly on the areas such as northeast Changbai Mountain arteries and veins, is the economic animal of important food and medicament dual-purpose.From the drying fallopian tubal of the female frog It is the rare tonic of tradition to be commonly called as " OVIDUCTUS RANAE ", has a Yin nourishing and lung moistening, raising immunologic function and antifatigue and other effects.

As the improvement of people's living standards, pursuing health perception constantly strengthens, wood frog Series Health food is commercially Sell well very much, particularly pure coniferous forest is continuously increased, and broad-leaved and theropencedrymion area are reduced, and it is artificial it is a large amount of wantonly Catch, cause the natural resources wretched insufficiency of wood frog.To meet the needs of market is to wood frog, the half-artificially cultured industry of wood frog is gradual Develop.

The breeding way of wood frog is mainly half-artificially cultured at present, i.e., mainly carries out aquaculture management to tadpole period, and tadpole incubates The abnormal formation of change, which is put, returns mountain forest, naturally growth, ripe breeding way.Aeromonas hydrophila is what is be widely present in aquatic biological Pathogenic microorganism, cause the diseases such as the red leg disease of wood frog and tadpole, hemorrhage, the death rate is high, is caused to raiser huge Economic loss；Secondly, the female ratio of wood frog hatched under native state is relatively low, and the price of female is more than 10 times of male, It has impact on the economic benefit of raiser；In addition, with the raising of wood frog price, raiser is a large amount of to use in order to improve survival rate Antibiotic etc controls wood frog disease, so as to cause certain pollution to environment and wood frog product.

Our province eastern mountainous cultivates wood frog specialist up to 14000 or so at present, produces wood frog 3.5 hundred million per year, the output value reaches 12.6 hundred million yuan or so.Although the forest frog culture also of certain scale and output value, at present still in the semi-natural cultivation of extensive style In the stage, female wood frog ratio is low, and tadpole period preventing and treating pest and disease damage measure lacks and wood frog germ plasm resource wastes the problems such as serious urgently Solve or further improve.

The content of the invention

For the drawbacks described above of prior art, a kind of wood frog method for breeding provided by the invention, there is raising tadpole to be immunized Power, the female frog rate of recapture is lifted up to 25%, the advantages of making full use of resource, effectively overcome and blindly charge seed and cause the underproduction and resource Waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：

A kind of wood frog method for breeding, is carried out by following steps：

First, tadpole hatching：7-20 days tadpole hatching early stage is since tadpole feeding, set above cultivation tadpole place Sunshade net, for control water temperature between 18-20 degree, tadpole male and female ratio is 70-50%；

2nd, tadpole cultural method：Prevention tadpole and the method into frog common disease are：By thermophilic water pseudomonad through inactivation at Reason, is made Bacteria vaccine, is added in feed, so that feed, which has, improves immunity, prevention red leg disease, the related hair of bark rot The effect of sick rate；

3rd, frog amount is supported in science plan：In the tadpole hatching phase, every square metre of water surface throws frog's egg grain and is no more than 2000；In Ke Tadpole feeding period, every square metre of water surface raising tadpole are no more than 1500 tails；In Larvae During Metamorphosis, the not poor mistake of every square metre of water surface tadpole 2500-3000 tails.

Wherein, tadpole rearing pool and 1 square metre of the hatchery water surface throw biennial frog's egg 2.5,3 years raw frog's eggs 2, adopt Take strange land abnormal, every square metre of water surface 2500-3000 tail.

Wherein, described use is limited to 2-3 in the above method minimum year.

Wherein, frog field effective area is the broad-leaf forest or the theropencedrymion forest land gross area that the age of tree gives birth to the above for 10-15 70%.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of wood frog method for breeding provided by the invention, wood frog, tool are raised using the method Be improved tadpole immunity, effectively prevent red leg disease, bark rot the effect of；Female frog ratio reaches 55%, lifts the female frog rate of recapture Up to 25%；Charged seed by enough, make full use of resource, overcome blindly to charge seed and cause the underproduction and the wasting of resources.

In order to be further understood that the feature of the present invention and technology contents, refer to below in connection with the detailed of the present invention Explanation.

Embodiment

Further to illustrate the technological means and its effect of the invention taken, below in conjunction with being preferable to carry out for the present invention Example is described in detail.

First, do not break up in wood frog embryonic development sexual gland at initial stage, when embryonic development to certain phase, its is primary to grow carefully Born of the same parents break up to female and male both direction.The gonad of wood frog embryo is by three cortex, medullary substance and primordial germ cells main portions It is grouped into.If primordial germ cells enter gonad cortical section, gonad breaks up to female direction；If primordial germ cells enter Enter gonad medullary substance part, gonad then breaks up to male direction.In the critical period of Gonad Differentiation, tadpole is cultivated by controlling The environmental conditions such as water temperature, its gonad can be promoted to be developed to a certain sex direction, and permanent retention this sex character, and not Offspring is bred in influence.

The problem of only accounting for 30-40% for the female frog rate of recapture, the environment that project team is formed according to above-mentioned amphibian sex Theory is influenceed, attempts in tadpole hatching early stage since tadpole feeding (7-20 days), to implement sunshade net and acceleration to cultivation tadpole The temperature control technique processing of current, can effectively induce tadpole to be developed to female sex direction.Test result indicates that control water temperature exists Between 18-20 degree, tadpole male and female ratio is 70-50%.On laboratory research basis, from 2008, in Xifeng, wide pasture etc. Ground more than 20 is raised on a household basis frog field and tested, average to obtain the effect for lifting female frog quantity 20% or so.

2011, the application effect ground to " the half-artificially cultured technology of Dongbei forest-frog " project team carried out field test mirror It is fixed.The water of plant's wintering pond is drained at plant worker scene, is caught and is grabbed all wood frogs, is fitted into six woven bags, at random 2 woven bags are extracted, scene points, wood frog 359 are shared, wherein the female frog 197, the male frog 162, female frog ratio reach 55%.Before the experiment of unused technique, the female frog rate of avoidance of the plant is 30%, comprehensive by sunshade net and current etc. Temperature control measure, the female frog rate of recapture 25% can be lifted.

Secondly, tadpole cultural method：Prevention tadpole and the method into frog common disease are：Red leg disease, bark rot are that wood frog is supported Common disease during growing, infectiousness is strong, and often outburst is bled, and causes whole plant tadpole all dead when serious, this once made Forest frog culture is initiated in part frog agriculture.Frog agriculture uses antibiosis extract for treating in practice, exist treatment not in time, polluted water the problems such as.

Project team separates pathogen from the sick frog, through Physiology and biochemistry and molecular biology method, is accredited as thermophilic water vacation unit cell Bacterium, through inactivation treatment, Bacteria vaccine is made, is added in feed so that feed have improve immunity, prevention red leg disease, The effect of bark rot is morbidity associated.In 3 years of the project implementation, 20 forest frog culture fields are in unused antibiotic premise Under, tadpole red leg disease, bark rot outbreak of epidemic phenomenon do not occur.

Finally, frog amount is supported in science plan：Charged seed by enough, make full use of resource, overcome blindly charge seed cause the underproduction and The wasting of resources.In the tadpole hatching phase, every square metre of water surface throws frog's egg grain and is no more than 2000；In tadpole feeding period, every square metre Water surface raising tadpole is no more than 1500 tails；In Larvae During Metamorphosis, every square metre of water surface tadpole is not poor to cross 2500-3000 tails.This three Individual density is the optimal rational density in corresponding three periods.Tadpole rearing pool and 1 square metre of the hatchery water surface throw biennial frog's egg 2.5,3 years raw frog's eggs 2, it is possible to ensure that every square metre of water surface launches frog's egg grain 2000, three rates respectively reach 90%, 85% and 80%.Take strange land abnormal, density is more relatively large, every square metre of water surface 2500-3000 tail.Three optimal rational densities Appraise and decide, be critically depend on and launch frog's egg quantity, it is necessary to it is conscientious strict to hold, control density with the amount of charging seed.Density is excessive, tadpole Life loses space, is that the big of feeding management is avoided.All tadpoles are not of uniform size, and body is small thin and weak, anoxic, infectious disease, metamorphosis occur Rate is low, froglet is weak, bad adaptability, prey ability are low etc., all relevant greatly with tadpole period density.Three rational densities are real for many years Trample the summary of experience.

Ripe experience is to improve three rates (incubation rate, storage rate, distortion ratio), and the key technology of increase froglet survival rate is arranged Apply.Proved through production practices for many years, all anoxics and disease by the big initiation of density, be all difficult to cure.Medicine can only be to disease-free Control action is played, tadpole body is very fragile, once it is difficult to cure after being ill to obtain.The scientifical use of above-mentioned measure, both protects wood frog The forest cover of plant, wood frog recapture rate is set to lift 5/1000ths again, forest frog culture comprehensive benefit lifting 10%, frog field is effective Area is the 70% of the broad-leaf forest that the age of tree is the 10-15 life above or the theropencedrymion forest land gross area.

The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention described should be defined by scope of the claims.

Claims

1. a kind of wood frog method for breeding, it is characterised in that carried out by following steps：

First, tadpole hatching：7-20 days tadpole hatching early stage is since tadpole feeding, sunshade is set above cultivation tadpole place Net, for control water temperature between 18-20 degree, tadpole male and female ratio is 70-50%；

2nd, tadpole cultural method：Prevention tadpole and the method into frog common disease are：By thermophilic water pseudomonad through inactivation treatment, system Into Bacteria vaccine, it is added in feed, so that feed has raising immunity, prevention red leg disease, bark rot morbidity associated The effect of；

3rd, frog amount is supported in science plan：In the tadpole hatching phase, every square metre of water surface throws frog's egg grain and is no more than 2000；Raised in tadpole The phase of supporting, every square metre of water surface raising tadpole are no more than 1500 tails；In Larvae During Metamorphosis, the not poor mistake of every square metre of water surface tadpole 2500-3000 tails.

2. a kind of wood frog method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 1 square of tadpole rearing pool and hatchery The rice water surface throws biennial frog's egg 2.5,3 years raw frog's eggs 2, takes strange land abnormal, every square metre of water surface 2500-3000 tail.

3. a kind of wood frog method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to use the minimum time limit of the above method For 2-3.

4. a kind of wood frog method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that frog field effective area is that the age of tree is 10- The broad-leaf forest of 15 years raw above or the 70% of the theropencedrymion forest land gross area.