CN107548597A - A kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure - Google Patents
A kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure, comprise the following steps：S1. vegetational type's type on gentle slope riverbank is investigated, finds out water plant, herbaceous plant, shrub plant and the magaphanerophytes of suitable local plant;S2. according to step S1 findings, suitable herbaceous plant, shrub plant and magaphanerophytes are selected；S3. vegetation biocoene is designed, specifically includes the ratio and quantity for designing various group's compositions, designs the plane figure of population, designs the vertical stratification of group；S4. the width of Riparian Zone is determined；S5. by setting different Riparian vegetation width to investigate the removal effect to various pollutants in sewage, carry out the linear statistical analysis of each pollutants removal rate and Riparian vegetation width, obtain the relational expression of pollutants removal rate and vegetation width, the Riparian vegetation width of comprehensive each target pollutant removal efficiency requirement, it is determined that the Riparian vegetation width finally chosen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological environment recovery technique field, it particularly relates to a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone reparation
Method.
Background technology
An important component of the riparian vegetation as aquatic ecosystem, is material in watershed ecosystem, energy
Transport transfer and the actively band of conversion, thus possess multi-functional and effect.Riparian Zone is safe most as Reservoir Water Quality
One of barrier afterwards, a large amount of silts and non-point pollution material that rainfall runoff is brought can be retained, reduce reservoir sedimentation and pollution；With
Riparian vegetation can decompose for the wetlands ecosystems of main body absorbs nutriment in the water body of reservoir area, reduces the eutrophication of reservoir area
It is horizontal；Riverbank vegetation is various and widely distributed, provides energy for river biology and creates life condition, the support of huge food chain
Abundant bio-diversity, formed in " biological park " and " biological corridor "；Riparian Zone can conserve water and soil, and buffering river is to riverbank
Impact and erosion, stable banks system, maintain the good hydrologic(al) regime in river；Riparian vegetation have preferable Aesthetic Function and
Social Economic Function.
With developing rapidly for social productive forces, mankind's nature remodeling, on naturally influence it is also increasing, Riparian Zone and
Its vegetation can not escape by luck, and cause many harm to the ecological ragime of Riparian Zone and production, the life of the mankind, be mainly shown as anti-
Big vast reduced capability, deteriorating water quality, the deterioration of Riparian Zone habitat etc..Therefore, structure or restorative storehouse bank band for maintain river,
The aquatic ecosystem health and water quality safety of reservoir are particularly important.
The problem of in correlation technique, effective solution is not yet proposed at present.
The content of the invention
For the above-mentioned technical problem in correlation technique, the present invention proposes a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure,
Can restorative Riparian Zone, stable banks system.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure, comprises the following steps：
S1. vegetational type's type on gentle slope riverbank is investigated, find out the water plant of suitable local plant, herbaceous plant,
Shrub plant and magaphanerophytes;
S2. according to step S1 findings, suitable herbaceous plant, shrub plant and magaphanerophytes are selected；
S3. vegetation biocoene is designed, specifically includes the ratio and quantity for designing various group's compositions, designs the planar cloth of population
Office, design the vertical stratification of group；
S4. the width of Riparian Zone is determined；
S5. by setting different Riparian vegetation width to investigate the removal effect to various pollutants in sewage, each dirt is carried out
The linear statistical analysis of thing clearance and Riparian vegetation width is contaminated, obtains the relational expression of pollutants removal rate and vegetation width,
The Riparian vegetation width of comprehensive each target pollutant removal efficiency requirement, it is determined that the Riparian vegetation width finally chosen.
Further, in the step S2, the selection of herbaceous plant, shrub plant and magaphanerophytes' species is steady with group
Premised on qualitative, the indigenous tree of the suitable local plant of prioritizing selection, configured in a manner of close to local natural environment.This
The species selection of sample and configuration mode, every Ecosystem Service of riparian buffer strips can be played to a greater degree.Riparian Zone
Tree and shrubs play the role of reinforcing deep soil and regulation buffer strip miniclimate, it is preferable that shade tolerant draft is planted under arbor,
Purification to buffer strip Runoff has very obvious action.
Further, in the step S2, the selection of herbaceous plant, shrub plant and magaphanerophytes should meet following bar
Part：Well developed root system, root turion rudiment ability is strong, growth is fast, and covering or closing are good, can play the work of water and soil conservation in a short time
With；Good stress resistance is wide, is adapted to local weather of one's native land or has stronger geographical environment adaptability, drought-enduring, moisture-proof, heat-resisting, resistance to poor
It is lean；Survival rate is high, there is stronger diseases and insect pests resistance；Self-reproduction and updating ability are strong, or breeding is easy, management is easy；Tool
There are solid soil, water conservation and moisture absorption improved soil；There are certain value and economic benefit.Select suitable floristics
It is the key for establishing efficient, the harmonious ecosystem.
Further, in the step S3, the design of vegetation biocoene need to consider rational density, multi-level configuration and
The diversity and mixed configuration of seeds, the rational density determined by seeds, grass seeds difference, the multi-level configuration according to
Reasonable disposition, the diversity of the seeds and mixing are carried out according to landform, ground composition, soil water regime and erosion intensity situation
Configuration carries out reasonable disposition by selecting suitable Mixed effect and Mixed species.
The biocenological structure design of vegetation is one of key factor for reaching Riparian Zone ecological recovery, and structure of community designs
General principle be：Mutualism principle, ecological niche principle, the biocenological environmental functional principle of biology.In structure of community,
The reasonable disposition and design of tall shrub are core technologies.It must account for it is following some：1. rational density, according to seeds,
Grass seeds is different to determine rational planting density, typically plants trees, spacing in the rows is 1-2 m, line-spacing 2-4 m.2. multi-level configuration, according to
Situations such as according to landform, ground composition, soil water regime and erosion intensity, reasonable disposition is carried out, relies primarily on dominant life-form
Floristics, by Qiao of different biotypes, filling, careless plant, it is established that the group that vegetation is adapted with ecological environment moisture condition
Ecological relationship, it can be only achieved purpose.3. the diversity and mixed configuration of seeds, select suitable Mixed effect and Mixed species very
It is crucial.
Further, the Mixed effect includes feminine gender and the mixed friendship of heliophilous species, the mixed friendship of pin, deciduous species and shrub tree
The mixed friendship of kind, the mixed patterns include mixing friendship between strain, in the ranks mix friendship, Mixed in belt.
Further, in the step S4, determining the method for the width of Riparian Zone is, with reference to the gentle slope riverbank present situation, fortune
With remote sensing image, in existing history topography and geomorphology, recover nature riverbank bandwidth.For the most commonly seen physical space structure of Riparian Zone
Type mainly considers the Riparian Zone gradient and width.The gradient is to determine that Riparian Zone retains deposit and is detained the most important change of nutrient
Amount.The gradient is bigger, and insulated stream flow velocity is higher, flows through that the time of Riparian Zone is also shorter, therefore retains the deposition in rainwash
The efficiency of thing and nutrient is also low.The function and benefit of riparia n buffers is substantially related to width, and reasonably buffers sector width really
Surely it is undoubtedly necessary to Resource Manager policies.Buffering area effective width changes with region, is buffer condition, pipe
Manage the function of target and river characteristic.
Further, it is the water quality objective based on pollution of area source control that each pollutants removal rate is calculated in the step S5
（Foundation is used as using quality standard of water environment）With present situation Runoff contaminants concentration（The pollutant of equal value considered based on area weight is dense
Degree）Come what is calculated.
Further, the selection of water plant can be according to the arbor, shrub, herbal different collocation finally determined
And soil and water quality of river feature are reasonably adjusted.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure of the present invention, can repair Riparian Zone
The multiple state natural, healthy to script, and then maintain river, the aquatic ecosystem health of reservoir and the technology of water quality safety
Effect.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing needed to use is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone described in the embodiment of the present invention repairs side elevation design sketch；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone described in the embodiment of the present invention repairs demonstration effect plan；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone described in the embodiment of the present invention repairs demonstration effect front elevation view；
Fig. 4 is that a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone described in the embodiment of the present invention repairs demonstration effect side elevational view.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained, belong to what the present invention protected
Scope.
Embodiment one：Riparian vegetation selects
The selection of plant needs that the vegetational type's type for recovering region is investigated, and the sociales for finding out locality send out with reference to root system
Reach, root turion rudiment ability is strong, growth is fast, and covering or closing are good, can play a part of water and soil conservation in a short time；Resistance
It is good, wide adaptability, it is adapted to local weather of one's native land or has stronger geographical environment adaptability, drought-enduring, moisture-proof, heat-resisting, impoverishment tolerant.
Survival rate is high, there is stronger diseases and insect pests resistance；Self-reproduction and updating ability are strong, or breeding is easy, management is easy；With solid
The effect of soil, water conservation and moisture absorption improved soil；There are certain value and economic benefit, be easy to receive；Selection is local as far as possible
The conditions such as kind finally determine the plant to be planted.It is the pass for establishing efficient, the harmonious ecosystem to select suitable biotic population
Key.
Embodiment two：Riparian vegetation community collocation reference model
The biocenological structure design of vegetation is one of key factor for reaching Riparian Zone ecological recovery, comprising main contents
Have：The ratio and quantity of various group's compositions, the plane figure of population, vertical stratification of group etc..
Structure of community design general principle be：The mutualism principle of biology, ecological niche principle, biocenological environment
Principle of work and power etc..In structure of community, the reasonable disposition and design of tall shrub are core technologies.It must account for it is following some：
Rational density.Will be according to seeds, the different rational planting densities of determination of grass seeds.General plantation trees, spacing in the rows are 1-2 m, line-spacing
2-4 m.Multi-level configuration.Situations such as according to landform, ground composition, soil water regime and erosion intensity, carry out reasonable disposition.
Dominant life-form floristics is relied primarily on, by Qiao of different biotypes, filling, careless plant, it is established that vegetation and ecological environment water
The adaptable Community Ecology relation of slitting part, can be only achieved purpose.The diversity and mixed configuration of seeds.The suitable mixed friendship of selection
Seeds and Mixed species are very crucial, have feminine gender and heliophilous species to mix and hand over, and the mixed friendship of pin, deciduous species and the mixed friendship of shrub seeds etc. are no
Same type.Mixed patterns mix friendship between having strain, in the ranks mix friendship, Mixed in belt etc..Herbaceous plant is more to be configured in edge zone.
With reference to the type investigation of above vegetational type and each vegetation habit, it is determined that being adapted to recovery district Plant compound type.
Embodiment three：Riverbank bandwidth determines
With reference to the region Riparian Zone present situation, with remote sensing image, in existing history topography and geomorphology, recover its natural riverbank bandwidth.
The gradient is to determine that Riparian Zone retains deposit and is detained the most important variable of nutrient.The gradient is bigger, insulated stream
Flow velocity is higher, flows through that the time of buffering area is also shorter, therefore the efficiency for retaining the deposit in rainwash and nutrient is also low.River
The function and benefit of bank buffering area is substantially related to width, and the determination for reasonably buffering sector width is undoubtedly Resource Manager formulation
Necessary to policy.Buffering area effective width changes with region, is the letter of buffer condition, management objectives and river characteristic
Number.
Riparian vegetation width is determined mainly by setting different Riparian vegetation width to investigate to various in sewage
The removal effect of pollutant, the linear statistical analysis of each pollutants removal rate and width is then carried out, obtains pollutants removal rate
With the relational expression of vegetation bandwidth；It is then based on the water quality objective of pollution of area source control（Foundation is used as using quality standard of water environment）
With present situation Runoff contaminants concentration（The pollutant concentration of equal value considered based on area weight）To calculate each pollutants removal rate, by
This determines corresponding vegetation width；The Riparian vegetation width of comprehensive each target pollutant removal efficiency requirement, it is determined that finally
The Riparian vegetation width of selection.
As shown in figure 1, the vertical stratification of the display biocenological structure design of vegetation, aquatile is divided into by Riparian Zone
Band, draft band, shrub band and tall filling band.Aquatile is planted in aquatile band, herbaceous plant is planted in draft band, filled
Straw cord and tall filling are taken, and shrub plant is planted in into shrub band and tall filling takes, magaphanerophytes are planted on shrub zone.This hangs down
Straight structure realizes the multi-level configuration according to landform, ground composition, soil water regime and erosion intensity situation, rationally efficiently.
It is that a gentle slope type ecological riparian zone repairs demonstration effect, in the reparation demonstration example, finally as shown in Fig. 2 ~ 4
The plant selected is：Paspalum distichum, Bermuda grass, vetiver, fringed iris, digua fig stem and leaf, mulberry tree, bamboo willow, Chinese ash.Wherein, in draft
Miscegenation Paspalum distichum, Bermuda grass, vetiver are taken, miscegenation Bermuda grass, mulberry tree on shrub band, miscegenation butterfly is taken in Qiao's filling
Flower, digua fig stem and leaf, mulberry tree, bamboo willow, Chinese ash.More specifically, take interval plantation bamboo willow and Chinese ash in Qiao's filling, compartment away from for 4 meters,
Mulberry tree is planted between bamboo willow and Chinese ash.
By setting different Riparian vegetation width to investigate the removal effect to various pollutants in sewage, each dirt is carried out
The linear statistical analysis of thing clearance and Riparian vegetation width is contaminated, obtains the relational expression of pollutants removal rate and vegetation width,
The Riparian vegetation width of comprehensive each target pollutant removal efficiency requirement, it is determined that the Riparian vegetation width finally chosen is,
Draft band is 4 meters wide, and shrub band is 3 meters wide.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1. vegetational type's type on gentle slope riverbank is investigated, find out the water plant of suitable local plant, herbaceous plant,
Shrub plant and magaphanerophytes;
S2. according to step S1 findings, suitable herbaceous plant, shrub plant and magaphanerophytes are selected；
S3. vegetation biocoene is designed, specifically includes the ratio and quantity for designing various group's compositions, designs the planar cloth of population
Office, design the vertical stratification of group；
S4. the width of Riparian Zone is determined；
S5. by setting different Riparian vegetation width to investigate the removal effect to various pollutants in sewage, each dirt is carried out
The linear statistical analysis of thing clearance and Riparian vegetation width is contaminated, obtains the relational expression of pollutants removal rate and vegetation width,
The Riparian vegetation width of comprehensive each target pollutant removal efficiency requirement, it is determined that the Riparian vegetation width finally chosen.
A kind of 2. gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S2
In, the selection of herbaceous plant, shrub plant and magaphanerophytes' species will be premised on stability of community, and prioritizing selection is suitably local
The indigenous tree of plant, configured in a manner of close to local natural environment.
A kind of 3. gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step S2
In, the selection of herbaceous plant, shrub plant and magaphanerophytes should meet following condition：Well developed root system, root turion rudiment ability is strong,
Growth is fast, and covering or closing are good；Good stress resistance, wide adaptability；Survival rate is high, there is stronger diseases and insect pests resistance；Self is numerous
Grow it is strong with updating ability, or breeding easily, management it is easy；There is solid soil, water conservation and moisture absorption improved soil；Have certain
Value and economic benefit.
A kind of 4. gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S3
In, the design of vegetation biocoene needs to consider rational density, multi-level configuration and the diversity of seeds and mixed configuration, described
Rational density determines that the multi-level configuration is according to landform, ground composition, soil moisture shape by seeds, grass seeds difference
Condition and erosion intensity situation carry out reasonable disposition, and the diversity and mixed configuration of the seeds are by selecting suitable Mixed effect
Reasonable disposition is carried out with Mixed species.
A kind of 5. gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the Mixed effect
Mix and hand over including feminine gender and heliophilous species, the mixed friendship of pin, deciduous species and the mixed friendship of shrub seeds, the mixed patterns include mixing between strain
Hand over, in the ranks mix friendship, Mixed in belt.
A kind of 6. gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S4
In, determining the method for the width of Riparian Zone is, with reference to the gentle slope riverbank present situation, with remote sensing image, and in existing history topography and geomorphology,
Recover nature riverbank bandwidth.
7. a kind of gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step S5
It is that water quality objective and present situation Runoff contaminants concentration based on pollution of area source control calculate to calculate each pollutants removal rate.
A kind of 8. gentle slope type ecological riparian zone restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the choosing of water plant
Selecting can be closed according to arbor, shrub, herbal different collocation and the soil and water quality of river feature finally determined
The adjustment of reason.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108260479A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-10 | 北京中科乾和环保科技服务有限公司 | A kind of Riparian vegetation restorative procedure |
| CN109626588A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of strip city river and lake waterfront wet land system |
| CN110468781A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-19 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | A kind of the reparation structure and restorative procedure of Riparian buffers |
| CN110896771A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-24 | 河北省水利科学研究院(河北省大坝安全管理中心) | Landscape type river bank buffer zone applied to North China and construction method thereof |
| CN111345194A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-30 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Configuration method of river protection forest |
| CN111684970A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-22 | 中都工程设计有限公司 | Construction method of ecological bank protection |
| CN112088708A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-18 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | River bank vegetation buffer zone and construction method thereof |
| CN112850907A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-28 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Shoal wetland construction method considering earth volume balance and habitat diversity |
| CN114885728A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-12 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Construction method of riverside zone vegetation buffer zone for non-point source pollution control |
| CN115304168A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-08 | 云南省水利水电工程有限公司 | Ecological greening planting method for river channel comprehensive treatment engineering |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108260479A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-10 | 北京中科乾和环保科技服务有限公司 | A kind of Riparian vegetation restorative procedure |
| CN109626588A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of strip city river and lake waterfront wet land system |
| CN110468781A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-19 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | A kind of the reparation structure and restorative procedure of Riparian buffers |
| CN110896771A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-24 | 河北省水利科学研究院(河北省大坝安全管理中心) | Landscape type river bank buffer zone applied to North China and construction method thereof |
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| CN111684970A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-22 | 中都工程设计有限公司 | Construction method of ecological bank protection |
| CN112088708A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-18 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | River bank vegetation buffer zone and construction method thereof |
| CN112850907A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-28 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Shoal wetland construction method considering earth volume balance and habitat diversity |
| CN114885728A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-12 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Construction method of riverside zone vegetation buffer zone for non-point source pollution control |
| CN115304168A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-08 | 云南省水利水电工程有限公司 | Ecological greening planting method for river channel comprehensive treatment engineering |
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Application publication date: 20180109 |