CN107535460B - Insect attracting plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Insect attracting plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107535460B CN107535460B CN201710837984.2A CN201710837984A CN107535460B CN 107535460 B CN107535460 B CN 107535460B CN 201710837984 A CN201710837984 A CN 201710837984A CN 107535460 B CN107535460 B CN 107535460B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention relates to a pest trapping plate and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of plant protection. The insect attracting board for attracting and killing pests and repelling natural enemy insects is characterized in that pest sticking glue, a natural enemy repellent and a slow-release agent are coated on a colored carrier board, and the natural enemy repellent is one or more of citronella oil, mint oil, garlic oil and clove oil. The insect attracting plate provided by the invention not only plays a role in attracting and killing pests, but also effectively protects natural enemy insects, improves the synergistic effect of physical control and biological control of the pests in agricultural production, reduces the use and residue of pesticides, is more suitable for application and popularization, and has the advantages of convenience in use, simplicity in operation, stable performance and no environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant protection, in particular to an insect attracting plate for attracting and killing pests and repelling natural enemy insects and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The small pests such as thrips, whiteflies, aphids, liriomyza and the like are always main pests on vegetables, flowers and important economic crops, and have the advantages of tiny individual, high propagation speed, hidden activity, wide host range and great harm to the crops. Taking Frankliniella occidentalis as an example, the host plants of the Frankliniella occidentalis can be more than 200 species of more than 60 families, plant juice can be prickled by a file-suction type mouthpart, is harmful to tender shoots, leaves, flower organs and young fruits, and can also transmit tomato spotted wilt virus and anemone necrotic spot virus, and the yield and the quality of crops are seriously influenced.
The insect attracting board as an important physical pest prevention and control product follows the green, safe and environment-friendly plant protection concept, and is widely applied to the monitoring and prevention and control of pests in the production of vegetables, flowers and forest fruits. The use of the insect attracting plate effectively reduces the use amount of chemical pesticides, delays the development of drug resistance of pests, reduces pesticide residues in the environment and fruits and vegetables, and improves the quality of food.
The principle of the insect attracting plate is mainly based on the tendency of adult pests to different colors, the insect attracting plate is designed into a corresponding color plate, and then the surface of the insect attracting plate is added with insect sticking glue to form the insect sticking color plate. The existing armyworm plates used in the market can trap and kill pests, but kill a large number of beneficial insects including parasitic wasps, lacewing flies, ladybugs, small lygus bugs and the like. These important natural enemy insects play a very important role in controlling agricultural pests and improving biodiversity.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing insect attracting plate, the invention provides the insect attracting plate which can attract and kill pests and has a repelling effect on natural enemy insects, the pests can be attracted and killed through the color tropism of the pests, and the natural enemy insects are protected through the repelling effect on odor of the natural enemy insects. The insect attracting board can be widely applied to greenhouses, orchards, tea gardens, vegetable gardens, flower nursery and nursery houses, forestry scenic spots and the like.
The insect attracting board for attracting and killing pests and repelling natural enemy insects is characterized in that pest sticking glue, a natural enemy repellent and a slow-release agent are coated on a colored carrier board, and the natural enemy repellent is one or more of citronella oil, mint oil, garlic oil and clove oil.
Preferably, four repellents are uniformly mixed and used, and the volume ratio is 1: 1: 1: 1.
the slow release agent is one or more of paraffin oil, glycerol, vaseline and animal oil.
Preferably, the four sustained-release agents are uniformly mixed for use, and the volume ratio is 1: 1: 1: 1.
the volume ratio of the repellent to the sustained-release agent is 1: 1-30.
The insect sticking glue is a mixture of an acrylate monomer copolymer (a general name of a polymer generated by copolymerization reaction of acrylate, such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate, which are used as main raw materials) and rosin, diesel oil is used as a solvent, and the weight ratio of each component is that of the acrylate monomer copolymer: 50-70%, rosin: 15-20% of diesel oil, and the balance being 100%.
The color of the carrier plate can be determined according to the species of the pests to be trapped and can be set specifically, such as yellow, blue, white and the like.
The preparation method of the insect attracting plate is characterized in that firstly, the armyworm glue is evenly smeared on two surfaces of the carrier color plate, and then the repellent and the sustained-release agent are mixed and smeared on the surface of the carrier color plate; or mixing the pest sticking glue, the repellent and the slow release agent and then uniformly coating the mixture.
The thickness of the insect-sticking glue coated on one side of the carrier plate is 0.01-0.05mm, and the adhesive force of the glue is 6-15 multiplied by 10-4N/mm2The mixture of the repellent and the slow release agent is 1-20 mul/cm2The amount of (c) is applied to a carrier color plate.
The insect attracting plate is applied to pest monitoring and control.
The pests include thrips, whitefly, aphid, and leaf miner.
The natural enemies refer to parasitic wasps, lacewing flies, ladybug and orius bugs.
The invention aims to make a carrier plate into yellow, blue or white and the like by the principle of the pest tropism to specific colors, and then smear pest-sticking glue on a color plate, thereby adhering and killing the attracted pests; and then, by adopting a repellent principle of natural enemy insects on certain odors, the mixture of the repellent and the slow release agent is coated on the color plate, and the slow release agent can slowly release the repellent to form a continuous repellent effect on the natural enemy insects, so that the effects of effectively trapping and killing pests and repelling the natural enemy insects are achieved.
The color adopted by the colored insect attracting plate is yellow, blue or white, and the colors mainly have good attracting effect on thrips, aphids, liriomyza and whiteflies.
The pest-sticking glue used in the invention is a mixture of acrylate monomer copolymer, rosin and diesel oil, and has proper ageing resistance, high temperature resistance, light resistance, viscosity and leveling property; rosin has a certain odor tendency to pests; the natural enemy repellents, namely citronella oil, mint oil, garlic oil and clove oil, have stronger repelling effect on main natural enemy insects, such as parasitic wasps, lacewings, ladybug and orius bugs, through indoor research and outdoor investigation. Test examples 1, 3 and 5 show the repellent effects of four repellents on natural enemy insects, namely chrysopa sinica, aphidius gifuensis and harmonia axyridis; test examples 2, 4 and 6 show the repelling effect on chrysotile, aphidius gifuensis and harmonia axyridis respectively after the slow release agent is added into the repellent.
The volume ratio of the repellent to the sustained-release agent on the insect attracting board can be a proper ratio prepared by the technicians in the field according to the species, density and use places of pests and natural enemies. If the variety and the number of the natural enemies are more, the proportion of the repellent can be increased properly; if the slow-release agent is used in areas with short crop growth cycle, including greenhouses and vegetable gardens, the proportion of the slow-release agent can be properly reduced; if the slow-release agent is used in areas with longer crop growth cycles, including tea gardens, orchards and forestry scenic spots, the proportion of the slow-release agent can be properly increased.
The insect attracting plate is simple in preparation method, economical and durable, and compared with the existing insect attracting plate, the insect attracting plate is mainly characterized in that a repellent capable of repelling natural enemy insects and a slow release agent for controlling the release speed of the repellent are coated on the basis of a common insect sticking colored plate; or smearing pest-sticking glue on a self-made color plate, and then smearing a mixture of a repellent and a slow-release agent; the pest sticking glue, the repellent and the slow release agent can also be mixed and then uniformly coated on the two surfaces of the color plate. These manufacturing methods can all provide the effects of the present invention. The slow release agent is selected from paraffin oil, glycerin, vaseline and animal oil, which have stable properties, and can effectively control the release speed of the repellent and improve the utilization rate of the pest sticking plate.
In conclusion, the insect attracting plate provided by the invention not only plays a role in attracting and killing pests, but also effectively protects natural enemy insects, improves the synergistic effect of physical control and biological control of the pests in agricultural production, reduces the use and residue of pesticides, is more suitable for application and popularization, and has the advantages of convenience in use, simplicity in operation, stable performance and no environmental pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 behavioral response of Chinese greens to four repellents
FIG. 2 behavioral response of Chrysopa perla to mixtures of controlled release agents and repellents after various periods of time
FIG. 3 behavioral responses of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed to four repellents
FIG. 4 behavioral response of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed to mixtures of slow-release agent and repellent after different times
FIG. 5 behavioral responses of harmonia axyridis to four repellents
FIG. 6 behavioral response of harmonia axyridis to mixtures of slow release agents and repellents after different times
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
1. Preparing the pest-sticking glue, namely preparing a mixture of acrylate monomer copolymer, rosin and diesel oil. Wherein, the acrylic ester monomer copolymer: 50-70%, rosin: 15-20% of diesel oil, and the balance being 100%.
2. Preparing repellent, namely mixing citronella oil, peppermint oil, garlic oil and clove oil uniformly.
3. Preparing the slow release agent, namely uniformly mixing the slow release agent paraffin oil, glycerin, vaseline and animal oil.
4. The repellent is mixed with the sustained-release agent, namely the repellent and the sustained-release agent are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-30.
5. And (5) coating a color plate. Uniformly coating the insect-sticking glue on two surfaces of a carrier color plate with the length of 15-50cm and the width of 10-30cm, wherein the thickness of the insect-sticking glue coated on one surface of the carrier color plate is 0.01-0.05mm, and the adhesive force of the glue is 6-15 multiplied by 10-4N/mm2Mixing the repellent with the sustained release agent at a ratio of 1-20 μ l/cm2The amount of (c) is applied to a carrier palette.
6. The suspension is used. Two holes are drilled through one side of the carrier plate and suspended with wires or strings. When the insect attracting plate is used in a greenhouse or a field, the height of the hanging of the insect attracting plate is equal to or slightly higher than that of a plant, and the height of the insect attracting plate is adjusted in real time along with the growth of the plant. The number of the suspended insects is determined according to the plant density and the size of the insect attracting plate, and generally 30-50 insects are hung per mu. When the insect attracting plate is stuck with the insect bodies or the natural enemy insects are stuck, the insect attracting plate is replaced in time.
Test example 1 four kinds of repellents respectively have repellent effects on one natural enemy insect, namely, chrysopa sinica
The olfactometer with the Y-shaped tube used in the test is an instrument with two arms made of two transparent glass tubes and in the shape of the Y. The length of both arms is 10cm, the inner diameter is 2.0cm, the included angle of the two arms is 90 degrees, and the length of the handle is 10 cm. The instrument is symmetrical on two sides, and the structure from two sides to the middle is sequentially an atmosphere sampling instrument, an air pump, a wide-mouth bottle filled with active carbon, a wide-mouth bottle filled with distilled water, a wide-mouth bottle filled with an odor source, a gas flow meter and a 'Y' tube, and the device is connected through a silicone tube. The whole instrument is placed in a relatively closed operating table, the periphery of the operating table is covered by black cloth, and a 40W fluorescent lamp is used for irradiating the upper part of the instrument. The room temperature during the test was 26 ℃.
30min before the test, the power supply of the atmosphere sampling instrument is switched on, the air pump starts to work, and then the gas flow meter is adjusted to enable the air flows on the two sides to be consistent, wherein the flow rate is 200 ml/min. 20 μ l of citronella oil, peppermint oil, garlic oil or clove oil (one for each test) was dropped on a small ball of absorbent cotton using a pipette, and the same volume of distilled water was dropped on the control absorbent cotton. Treated and control absorbent cotton were loaded into sample carriers on both sides of the "Y" tube, respectively. During testing, one adult chrysopa sinica is led into the air outlet end of the olfaction analyzer, and behavior changes of the adult chrysopa sinica are observed. The set criteria were: adults crossed the "Y" bifurcation and remained for 30min and were recorded as having a chemotactic response to the odor source of that arm, and if they did not enter either arm within 2min, were recorded as having no response. Each test was performed 10 times, once for each test, and treatment and control were repeated 6 times. The number of the two arms of the Y-shaped tube where the chrysopa sinica L enters the treatment group and the control group is recorded, and the probability and the significance difference of the chrysopa sinica L entering the two arms are statistically analyzed. Test results show that the Chinese green shows very remarkable repelling behaviors on citronella oil, mint oil, garlic oil and clove oil, namely the four repellents have remarkable repelling effect on chrysopa sinica (figure 1). Number indicates a very significant difference between treatment and control (P <0.01)
Test example 2 repellent agent added with sustained release agent has repellent effect on chrysopa perla
Respectively taking 5 mul of citronella oil, peppermint oil, garlic oil and clove oil by using a liquid-transferring gun, uniformly mixing the components to prepare a repellent with the total volume of 20 mul, adding 100 mul of a slow-release agent (a mixture of 25 mul of vaseline, animal oil, paraffin oil and glycerol which are heated and melted) into the repellent according to the volume ratio of the repellent to the slow-release agent of 1:5, uniformly mixing, dripping the mixture on a small group of absorbent cotton, and dripping distilled water with the same volume on the control group of absorbent cotton. The absorbent cotton is placed in a climatic chamber with the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity of 70 +/-5 percent. Treated and control absorbent cotton was loaded into the sample carriers on both sides of the "Y" tube after 0, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72h, respectively. The other test procedures were the same as in test example 1. Test results show that after 0-36h, the chrysopa sinica shows extremely remarkable repelling behavior on the odor of the chrysopa sinica, and after 72h, the chrysopa sinica still shows remarkable repelling behavior on the odor of a treatment group, namely the effect of the repellent can be remarkably prolonged after the slow release agent is added (figure 2). Number indicates a very significant difference between treatment and control (P < 0.01); number indicates significant differences between treatment and control (P <0.05), as follows.
Test example 3 repellent effect of four repellents on one natural enemy insect aphidius gifuensis ashmead respectively
The procedure was the same as in test 1. The test insect is an adult aphidius gifuensis ashmead. Test results show that the aphidius gifuensis ashmead shows extremely obvious repelling behaviors on citronella oil, mint oil, garlic oil and clove oil, namely the four repellents have obvious repelling effects on the aphidius gifuensis ashmead (figure 3).
Test example 4 repellent agent added with sustained release agent has repellent effect on aphidius gifuensis ashmead
The procedure was the same as in test 2. The test insect is an adult aphidius gifuensis ashmead. Test results show that after 0-48h, the mixture of the repellent and the slow-release agent shows an extremely remarkable repelling behavior on the odor of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead, and after 72h, the aphidius gifuensis ashmead still shows a remarkable repelling behavior on the odor of a treatment group, namely the effect of the repellent can be remarkably prolonged after the slow-release agent is added (fig. 4).
Test example 5 repellent effect of four repellents to harmonia axyridis, a natural enemy insect
The procedure was the same as in test 1. The test insects were harmonia axyridis adults. Test results show that the harmonia axyridis shows extremely remarkable repelling behaviors on citronella oil, mint oil, garlic oil and clove oil, namely the four repellents have remarkable repelling effect on aphidius gifuensis ashmead (figure 3).
Test example 6 repellent with delayed release agent
The procedure was the same as in test 2. The test insects were harmonia axyridis adults. Test results show that the harmonia axyridis shows extremely remarkable repelling behavior to the odor after 0-36h and still shows remarkable repelling behavior to the odor of a treated group after 72h, namely the effect of the repellent can be remarkably prolonged after the slow release agent is added (figure 4).
Experimental example 7 trapping and killing effect of the armyworm plate added with the repellent and the sustained-release agent on Frankliniella occidentalis and repelling effect on natural enemies 5 mul of citronella oil, peppermint oil, garlic oil and clove oil are respectively taken by a liquid-transferring gun, evenly mixed and prepared into the repellent with the total volume of 20 mul, 100 mul of the sustained-release agent (same as in example 2) is added into the repellent according to the volume ratio of 1:5 of the repellent to the sustained-release agent, and the mixture is evenly mixed and then smeared on a common armyworm yellow plate, thus preparing the armyworm plate with the repellent and the sustained-release agent. The control group was a common armyworm yellow plate.
In a cucumber greenhouse with length multiplied by width multiplied by height of 65 multiplied by 8.5 multiplied by 5 meters, the indoor-fed frankliniella occidentalis is released for 3 times, about 2 ten thousand heads are total, after the thrips stably establish population, the density of the thrips on leaves is investigated to be 6-15 heads/leaf, in addition, the investigation finds that aphids naturally occur on the cucumber leaves and parasitic phenomenon of parasitic wasps (sulzer braconid bees) exists, and the parasitic rate is about 2%. Then, about 50 lacewings of the Chinese green lacewing bred in the room are artificially released. Two kinds of sticky trap were randomly hung in a greenhouse with 6 pieces of each sticky trap, and the sticky trap condition was investigated after 3 days. The results show that the numbers of thrips (head, average value plus or minus standard error) on the armyworm plate with the repellent and the slow-release agent and the common armyworm plate are 627 plus or minus 61.6 and 705 plus or minus 81.8 respectively. T-test results show that the number of armyworms is not significantly different (P is 0.56). In addition, no parasitic wasp and sandfly are adhered to the armyworm plate with the repellent and the slow-release agent, no sandfly is adhered to the ordinary armyworm plate, but the phenomenon that the parasitic wasp imago is adhered is caused, and the number of the parasitic wasp imago is 3-7 per plate. The test shows that the natural enemy insect repellent and the sustained-release agent are added on the common armyworm plate, so that the effect of repelling the natural enemy insects can be achieved, and the number of the captured insects is not reduced obviously.
Claims (5)
1. An insect attracting board for attracting and killing pests and repelling natural enemy insects, wherein a colored carrier board is coated with pest sticking glue, a natural enemy repellent and a slow release agent,
the pest sticking glue is prepared from acrylate monomer copolymer and rosin, diesel oil is used as a solvent, and the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 50-70%, rosin: 15-20% of diesel oil, and the balance being 100%;
the slow release agent is one or more of paraffin oil, glycerol, vaseline and animal oil;
the pests refer to thrips, whitefly, aphid and liriomyza sativae; the natural enemy insects refer to parasitic wasps, lacewing flies, ladybug and orius minutus;
the natural enemy repellent is a mixture of citronella oil, peppermint oil, garlic oil and clove oil, and the volume ratio of the natural enemy repellent to the clove oil is 1: 1: 1:1, the volume ratio of the natural enemy repellent to the sustained release agent is 1: 1-30.
2. The insect attracting board of claim 1, wherein the slow release agent is a mixture of melted paraffin oil, glycerin, vaseline and animal oil, and the volume ratio of the mixture is 1: 1: 1: 1.
3. the insect attracting plate of claim 1 wherein the colored carrier plate is yellow, blue or white in color.
4. The insect attracting board as set forth in claim 1, wherein the insect sticker is adhered to both sides of the carrier board, and the thickness of the single-side coating is 0.01-0.05mm, and the adhesive force of the glue is 6-15 x 10-4N/mm2(ii) a The mixture of natural enemy repellent and sustained release agent is 1-20 μ l/cm2The amount of the adhesive is smeared on the carrier plate and is positioned on the outer surface of the pest sticking adhesive layer.
5. The use of the insect attracting board of any one of claims 1 to 4 for the monitoring and control of pests, such as thrips, whiteflies, aphids, and liriomyza sativae.
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| CN108669032B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2020-06-02 | 西南大学 | Noctilucent insect sticking device |
| CN110771632A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-02-11 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | Comprehensive aphid prevention and control method in dragon orchard |
| CN111226991A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-05 | 海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院) | Essential oil composition for preventing and treating cowpea thrips and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101617649A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-01-06 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pest-attracting plate, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106999529A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2017-08-01 | Isca科技公司 | Composition and method for luring mosquito and repellent sand fly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101617649A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-01-06 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pest-attracting plate, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106999529A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2017-08-01 | Isca科技公司 | Composition and method for luring mosquito and repellent sand fly |
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