CN113558048B

CN113558048B - Adult dendroctonus valens plant-derived attractant and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113558048B
Application number: CN202110839177.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任利利; 骆有庆; 武海卫; 李莎琳; 陶静; 宗世祥; 王传珍
Original assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Current assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Priority date: 2021-07-23
Filing date: 2021-07-23
Publication date: 2023-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-23
Also published as: CN113558048A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological attractants, and particularly relates to a plant-derived attractant for adult ips longstanding beetles and application thereof. The adult dendroctonus valens plant attractant comprises the following active components in percentage by mass (2-3): 1 or further comprises one or more of 3-carene and beta-pinene. The method has the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, simple production operation and remarkable trapping effect, can effectively monitor the occurrence of the bark beetle, greatly reduce the population density of the bark beetle, reduce the cost and inhibit the spread and propagation of the invasive organisms.

Description

Adult dendroctonus valens plant-derived attractant and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological attractants, and particularly relates to a plant-derived attractant for adult ips longstanding beetles and application thereof.

Background

The bark beetle (Hylurgus ligniperda) is a major forestry quarantine pest, and the larva damages boring. Genus Coleoptera (Coleoptera) family of weevilidae (Curculionidae) family of bark beetles (Scolytiniae) family of bark beetles (Tomicini) genus bark beetle (Hylurgus Latreille), english name red-haired pine bark beetle.

The insect is widely spread, and more than 20 host trees are planted worldwide, mainly including Pinus (Pinus spp.) plants, and other hosts also include fir (Abies spp.), larix spp, picea (Picea spp.) and Yew (Pseudotsuga spp.).

Bark beetles of the genus bark beetle generally infect new fells, stumps and weak trees, and healthy trees can also be damaged and are pioneer species in secondary pests; boring tunnels at the base, root neck and root of the trunk. The bark beetles in the long forest are generally 2-3 generations in 1 year, and the generations are overlapped, so that the bark beetles can be spread and damaged in most of the time all year round.

There is currently no effective control method for this insect. In view of the characteristics that the adult insects have long period and are hidden in roots and roots, the development and research of an efficient, nontoxic and pollution-free pheromone technology for monitoring and trapping the adult insects have important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a ips longstanding attractant and an application method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that ips longstanding damages roots, is difficult to find and has high investigation difficulty.

Specifically, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the adult dendroctonus valens plant attractant comprises the following active components in percentage by mass (2-3): 1 or further comprises one or more of 3-carene and beta-pinene.

Different insects have different avoidance responses to the same plant attractant, even insects of similar families still have respective specificities, and the effective attractant for other known insects of similar families cannot be simply used in research and development to achieve the purpose of efficiently attracting target insects.

Aiming at the long forest beetles which have great harm to forest trees, the invention determines a scheme capable of effectively attracting the adult insects by repeated groping according to habit researches such as behavior selection and the like of different parts of host tissues under different conditions. Realizes the effective monitoring and control of the insect and has great significance.

In the invention, when the active components consist of alpha-pinene, ethanol and 3-carene, the mass ratio of the three components is (1-2): 1:1.

Preferably, when the active component consists of alpha-pinene, ethanol and 3-carene, the mass ratio of the three components is 1.

In the invention, when the active ingredient consists of alpha-pinene, ethanol and beta-pinene, the mass ratio of the alpha-pinene, the ethanol and the beta-pinene is (1-2): 1:1.

Preferably, when the active ingredient consists of alpha-pinene, ethanol and beta-pinene, the mass ratio of the three components is 1.

If the proportion of the components is changed, the comprehensive effect is not good, and the effect is more ideal when the proportion is adopted.

The research of the invention discovers that the preparation is convenient and the intercropping attraction effect is more stable by additionally adding the beta-pinene or the 3-carene with a specific proportion on the basis of the alpha-pinene and the ethanol.

The invention also provides an application of the plant-derived attractant in monitoring and/or trapping and killing adult woodbeetles, and the application mode is as follows: the plant-derived attractant is filled into a low-density polyethylene slow-release bottle, and the low-density polyethylene slow-release bottle is hung on a funnel-shaped trap.

In the invention, a collecting cup is arranged below the funnel-shaped trap, and a polyester fiber net soaked with pyrethroid pesticide is placed at the bottom of the collecting cup.

The invention changes the collection mode of the traditional insect trap, avoids the escape of insects, does not directly put insecticidal liquid into the collection cup, and avoids the problems of difficult counting and identification and the like caused by the easy decay of the trap body.

In the application, the collecting cup is 0.2-0.3 m away from the ground.

In the application, the setting interval of the traps is 50-100 m.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the ips longstanding attractant and the application method have the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, simple production operation and remarkable trapping effect, can effectively monitor the occurrence of ips longstanding, greatly reduce the population density of ips longstanding, reduce the cost and inhibit the spread and propagation of invasive organisms. According to the invention, as the main components of the attractant are close to the host of the bark beetle, the attractant which is simple, convenient, efficient and pollution-free can be provided and used for trapping the adult of the bark beetle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a method of using the attractant for woodworker beetles in the forest in example 2. Wherein A is a picture of the layout of the traps. And B is a top view of the bottom of the trap collecting cup, wherein the trap collecting cup contains a polyester fiber net soaked with pesticide.

Fig. 2 is a statistical graph of the average trap amount per trap for different lure types over different time periods in example 2.

FIG. 3 shows the daily volatilization changes of different wicks under different conditions in example 3. Wherein A1, B1, C1 and D1 are the daily volatilization amount of each formula in the example 1 in a room; the remainder (A2, A3, B2, B3, C2, C3, D2, D3) are the daily volatility of two parallel experiments outside the room for each formulation in example 1.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

Even if the bark beetles of different families have the specificity on the aspect of physiological habits, and the avoidance of the different bark beetles to substances cannot be predicted, so the invention firstly researches the habits of the long-forest bark beetles, and particularly, the following experimental groups are placed in pairs in an insect cage under 2 conditions of natural light and dark: the method comprises the following steps of (1) black pine branches or roots, (2) wet flower mud inserted with branches/roots, (3) dry flower mud inserted with branches/roots, (4) wet flower mud and (5) dry flower mud, wherein 10-25 adult bark beetles are connected into each group, and the adult behavior is observed after each group is placed for about 12 hours in the experiment.

The results showed that the bark beetles were pseudodead and protected from light. The adults have certain selectivity on humidity, and all the adults penetrate into wet flower mud, and no choice is provided for naked black pine branches or roots, dry flower mud and dry flower mud inserted with branches/roots. Meanwhile, the imagoes have strong tendency to the smell of the black pine branches, and all the imagoes are eaten in the direction of the cut of the flower mud inserted by the branches/roots in the wet flower mud inserted by the branches/roots; after a certain time, the imagoes can 'queue' and bore into the subcutaneous parts of the branches/roots. Thereby determining the possible tropism of the bark beetle, and further researching and obtaining the scheme of the invention.

The chemical monomer (analytically pure) procurement companies in the embodiments of the invention are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 monomer product information for compounding plant-derived attractants

Example 1 configuration of plant-derived attractant (lure)

The monomers of each active ingredient were diluted in ethanol solution and compounded according to the compounding ratio shown in table 2 below.

TABLE 2 plant-derived attractant formulations

Example 2

In this example, attraction experiments were carried out using the formulations in example 1.

The plant-derived attractant for the ips longstanding beetles with different formulas is respectively placed into low-density polyethylene slow-release bottles. The slow release bottle containing the attractant is hung on a funnel-shaped trap. Placing a polyester fiber net soaked with pyrethroid pesticide at the bottom of a trap collecting cup, wherein the trap is hung in a pine forest where the bark beetles in the long forest may be distributed; the lowest part of the trap is 0.2-0.3 m from the ground, as shown in figure 1. In the figure, a is a trap layout photograph. And B is a top view of the bottom of the trap collecting cup, wherein the trap collecting cup contains a polyester fiber net soaked with pesticide.

The implementation area is a muvel area in the tobacco pipe market, a coastal protection forest where the bark beetles occur in the long forest, and the host tree species are black pines. Ten traps containing four lure cores A, B, C and D are hung in the black pine forest at intervals of 50-100 m.

And recording the species and the quantity of the adult bark beetles and other forestry pests caught each time. According to statistics, within two days of 4 months and 18-20 days, 40 traps trap 12273 heads of adult bark beetles. Specific results are shown in fig. 2, which is a statistical graph of the average trap amount (units, head) per trap for different lure types over different time periods. In the figure, period 1 is 4 months and 18-20 days;

period

2, 4 months and 21-29 days; period 3 from 4 months to 30 days to 5 months and 7 days; period 4 from 5 months and 8 days to 17 days. Type 1 represents formula A, type 2 represents formula B, type 3 represents formula C, and Type 4 represents formula D.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the attracting effect of each formula is satisfactory for attracting, killing, controlling and modifying insects, and the formulas C and D are more advantageous in stability.

Example 3

This example examined the release effect of each formulation in example 1.

Specifically, 25g of each sample of each formula is placed into a slow release bottle for ordered release. Each formulation was divided into three groups, one group placed indoors (A1, B1, C1, D1) and two groups placed outdoors (A2, A3, B2, B3, C2, C3, D2, D3) as parallel experiments, with the setup as in example 2. Each group of 3 traps. Continuously observing for 43 days from 3 months and 29 days, wherein the indoor average temperature is 25.5 +/-1.2 ℃ in the measuring period; the average outdoor temperature was 21.4 ± 3.8 ℃, calculated from the recorded average air temperature on the day. The volatilization volume of each formulation is shown in table 3 and fig. 3. This result is greatly influenced by temperature, and the duration of the attractant is estimated to be 1.5 to 2 months. The daily volatilization amount of the formula C and the formula D is higher, and the formula C and the formula D have more advantages in the aspect of trapping efficiency.

TABLE 3 average daily volatilization of different wicks under different conditions

Comparative example 1

The invention uses a dynamic headspace method to collect volatile substances of branches and trunks of the Pinus thunbergii, and detection is carried out by a gas chromatography mass spectrum, and the substance monomers with the relative content of the volatile substances of more than 5 percent in volatile terpene substances also comprise: limonene monomer, beta-phellandrene monomer, so 2 main volatile terpenes are used for carrying out experiments on the attracting effect of the bark beetle.

The specific experimental method comprises the following steps: the limonene monomer and the beta-phellandrene monomer are respectively high (1/2 mg/mg) and medium (10) ^-1 mg/mg), low (10) ^-3 mg/mg) concentration in ethanol and was subjected to the behavioural selection assay. A self-made ten-arm olfaction instrument is used, 1 microliter of a substance monomer to be detected is taken and put into a gun head with a filter element, and 10 arms are uniformly ventilated. One adult bark beetle was randomly placed in each arm. Cover the transparent glass cover plate and record the movement track of the bark beetle in 15 minutes. The experimental result shows that the bark beetle has no tendency and behavior reaction to the limonene monomer and the beta-phellandrene monomer. It is stated that the attractant cannot be determined readily from the main volatiles of the species of the parasitic tree of the bark beetle.

Experimental example 1

This experimental example used the formulations and trapping method of example 2 to perform a comparative attraction experiment with a non-toxic insect net. Starting on day 5/6 of 2021, for 10 days, test group 1 was formulation a in example 2, test group 2 was formulation B in example 2, test group 3 was formulation C in example 2, and test group 4 was formulation D in example 2. Two comparative groups were set up for each experiment, group 1 used the trapping method of example 2 in which a polyester fiber net (insect net) impregnated with a pyrethroid type pesticide was placed, and group 2 differed from group 1 only in that no insect net was placed. Each group contained 3 traps.

The results are shown in Table 4. The placement of the poison net plays a certain role in more effectively collecting the trapped bark beetles and preventing the escape.

TABLE 4 comparative attraction test results with non-toxic insect net

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A plant-source attractant for adult dendroctonus valens, which is characterized in that,

the active ingredients consist of alpha-pinene, ethanol and 3-carene, and the mass ratio of the alpha-pinene to the ethanol to the 3-carene is 1:1; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,

the active ingredient consists of alpha-pinene, ethanol and beta-pinene in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

2. The use of the plant-derived attractant of claim 1 for monitoring and/or trapping adult woodbeetles by: the plant-source attractant is filled into a low-density polyethylene slow-release bottle, and the low-density polyethylene slow-release bottle is hung on a funnel-shaped trap.

3. The use according to claim 2, wherein a collection cup is provided below the funnel-type trap, and a polyester fiber mesh impregnated with a pyrethroid pesticide is placed at the bottom of the collection cup.

4. Use according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the collecting cup is 0.2-0.3 m from the ground.

5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that the traps are arranged at intervals of 50-100 m.