CN107531162B - 电动车可交替动力驱动系统 - Google Patents

电动车可交替动力驱动系统 Download PDF

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CN107531162B
CN107531162B CN201680011175.XA CN201680011175A CN107531162B CN 107531162 B CN107531162 B CN 107531162B CN 201680011175 A CN201680011175 A CN 201680011175A CN 107531162 B CN107531162 B CN 107531162B
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electric vehicle
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swing arm
chassis
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CN107531162A (zh
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艾瑞卡·波利策
史蒂夫·班德斯
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International Vacation Vehicle Factory
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    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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Abstract

三轮或四轮电动车可交替动力驱动系统包括一个动力装置和一个驱动装置，两者置于支撑装置上，互为协助。以上两类电动车底盘装置与其支撑装置各组件尺寸合适、相互连接。动力装置与驱动装置通过接口装置连接，依靠车辆驾驶员进行操控。

Description

电动车可交替动力驱动系统
技术领域
本发明可直接运用于各类不同车身与底盘系统的三轮或四轮电动车，免去设计、加工制造特定动力驱动系统的费用。
背景技术
现代汽车的动力装置通常包括动力来源、变速器、驱动轴、差速器、悬架、后桥和后轮。汽油驱动车辆的动力来源通常是内燃机，而电气驱动车辆则为电瓶、控制器及电动机。
三轮或四轮电动车组装简易，目前市场需求与日俱增，可被广泛应用于度假区、内陆城市、娱乐场所、农村以及封闭式社区和各类规划型社区。该类电动车不仅可私人拥有，还可在充电条件配备的情况下进行租赁。
该类电动车用途广泛，可用于运载乘客或运输货物；形式多样，可为封闭式、半封闭式或开放式。
目前市场上多以半成品形式交付此类小型电动车，目的是从各供货商处获得预先包装好的零部件从而按照购置者要求对车辆进行组装。
个人和经销商均可购置此类电动车。个人可要求某一特定车辆配置，经销商则可要求不同车辆配置并按照不同配置进行车辆组装。
车辆组装完成后可被广泛应用于各类不同场合(如前文所述)，车辆的座位数量、货舱大小、车辆前端设计以及转向装置也不尽相同。例如手动转向三轮电动车的乘客座位位于驾驶座后方或车辆后方另置一后视座位或车辆后方另置一后备箱。再如为四轮电动车配备方向盘、驾驶杆或齿条、小齿轮转向装置；车辆设计成开门式或无门式；车辆有无后备箱。此类电动车还可根据其他不同需求进行设计组装。
当前电动车设计趋向复杂，拥有可交替动力、控制器、电动机、变速器、后桥、后轮以及后置制动器设计的电动车无疑将会更受市场欢迎。进一步来说，拥有以上配置的各种类型的电动车可将设计制造特定车辆动力驱动系统的费用降至最低。
目前普通动力驱动系统车辆的市场需求大，可交替动力驱动系统车辆的需求也同样大。可交替动力驱动系统的安装须迅速、简便；须可通过连接系统或发动机支撑系统进行；须为悬架负载变化提供支持。
发明内容
本发明可广泛应用于各类可交替动力驱动系统电动车，例如三轮或四轮电动车。
具体来说，每一可交替动力驱动系统均包括一个动力装置和一个驱动装置，两者置于支撑装置上，互为协助。每一支撑装置均包括一个或多个装置，包括悬架装置和/或摆臂装置、一对螺旋弹簧(置于相对应的减震器上)以及一副摆动杆。
每一电动车，其底盘装置均包括一个支撑电动车车身的底盘、连接装置(包括悬架安装件和/或摆臂安装件)。支撑装置的悬架装置和摆臂，底盘装置的悬架安装件和摆臂安装件共同作用，为各类电动车发动机动力支撑装置与底盘装置间的交替连接提供支撑。
接口装置连接可交替动力驱动系统与各类电动车。
本发明的特征及优势将以图片形式详细标明。
附图说明
通过上述图片以及下列说明可详细了解本发明：
图1为运用本发明的三轮电动车可交替动力驱动系统(含底盘装置与车身设计)透视图。
图1A为图1内容的进一步图解。
图2为运用本发明的四轮电动车可交替动力驱动系统(含底盘装置与车身设计)透视图。
图2A为图2内容的进一步图解。
图3为运用本发明的三轮电动车可交替动力驱动系统透视图。
图4为运用本发明的四轮电动车可交替动力驱动系统透视图。
示意图中标注的数字与所标车辆零部件相对应。
具体实施方式
如前所述，本发明可直接应用于上图所示电动车可交替动力驱动系统10，该系统可与各类电动车相连接。例如，该系统10可与图3所示三轮电动车1000的底盘装置以及车身相连接。再如，该系统10可与图4所示四轮电动车2000的底盘装置以及车身相连接。图3与图4所示三轮以及四轮电动车仅为同类电动车的示例，仅用于展示该电动车可交替动力驱动系统10可与此类电动车相连接。
图1和图2为运用本发明的电动车可交替动力驱动系统10的示例。如图所示，可交替动力驱动系统10包括一个动力装置20和一个驱动装置30，两者互为协助详见下文解释。如图1和图2所示，电动车可交替动力驱动系统10还包括一个支撑装置40，用于支撑发动机，依靠底座42为动力装置20和驱动装置30提供支撑。
图1和图2进一步说明底盘装置50,50’，分别是，如图1所示的为三轮电动车车身100提供支撑，和如图2所示的为四轮电动车车身200提供支撑。该底盘装置同样可为其他各类电动车车身提供支撑。如图1和图2所示，底盘装置50,50’包括各个为电动车可交替动力驱动系统10与底盘装置50,50’提供安全地活动地连接的连接装置。具体地说，如图1所示，底盘装置50包括了悬架安装件54和摆臂安装件56。同样的，如图2所示，底盘装置50’包括了悬架安装件54和摆臂安装件56。图1和图2进一步示明，电动车可交替动力驱动系统10的支撑装置40包括了悬架组件44，每一组件上端置有悬架装置45。如图1和图2所示，支撑装置40还包括了摆臂46，每一摆臂46末端置有摆臂连接件47。
据图1和图2所示可知，电动车可交替动力驱动系统10可与如图1所示的三轮电动车底盘装置50或如图2所示的四轮电动车底盘装置50’连接。进一步的，如图1和图2所示，每一支撑装置40的悬架装置45和摆臂连接件47，其设计安装与底盘装置50和50’的悬架安装件54和摆臂安装件56相对应。由此可知，例如弹簧锁、开口销、连接销等工艺均可用于连接相对应的悬架装置45和悬架安装件54以及相对应的摆臂连接件47和摆臂安装件56。
另外，电动车可交替动力驱动系统10的支撑装置40所包含的悬架装置45和摆臂连接件47以及相对应的电动车底盘装置50和50’的悬架安装件54和摆臂安装件56，以上设计使得电动车可交替动力驱动系统10可以运用于任意的电动车设计。由此可知，这一系统10可以与任一电动车底盘与车身相适应，并大大降低因顾客要求不同而设计制造特定电动车驱动系统的费用。因此，对于有此类需求的消费者来说，使用了本系统10的电动车在价格上将更加亲民。
图3和图4为使用可交替动力驱动系统10的不同电动车示意图，即如图3所示的三轮电动车1000，以及如图4所示的四轮电动车2000。图3和图4仅为运用本发明系统的电动车示例。
动力装置20和驱动装置30的详细示例见图1A和图2A。如图1A和图2A所示，动力装置20包括一个电力存储单元21。电力存储单元21则包括了一个可充电电池组。充电接口22连接电力存储单元21和外部电源，对电力存储单元21的电池或电池组进行充电。动力装置20还包括了一个控制器，控制电力存储单元21所释放的用于驱动装置30的电能。动力装置20包括了一个车载充电器，以降低或消除动力装置20与外部电源的可能连接，从而保持电力存储单元21的工作效率。
驱动装置30在图1A和图2A中进一步标明。如图所示，驱动装置30包括一个电动机34，该电动机与变速器32互相协作。变速器32与车桥36联动驱动。车桥36包括一个置于其两端的一对相对设置的车轮37。动力装置20的控制器与驱动装置30的电动机34共同作用。安装于动力装置20上的交流电机34和功率变换器协同作用，将电力存储单元21所释放的电能转换为交流电机34所需的交流电。线电压交流插座置于功率变换器下方，使得车辆驾驶者可以操纵一个或多个电动车交流电设备。
动力装置20还包括了一个燃料电池，通过适当动力和/或控制连接工艺对电力存储单元21的进行再充电。该燃料电池包括一个碱性燃料电池以及一个质子交换膜，或质子交换膜燃料电池，或其他可充电燃料电池。燃料存储单元为燃料电池提供电能，燃料存储单元内包括压缩氢或含分解催化剂的氢原料，例如含改良剂或含氨的碳氢燃料。燃料存储单元中包括一个可再灌装的连接装置。
如上文所述，每一驱动装置30包括一个电动机34，电动机与变速器32共同作用，变速器又与车桥36协同驱动。车轮37位置在车桥36的两端相对方向。从图中可知，驱动装置30包括至少一个的制动单元，制动单元与车桥36和/或车轮37共同作用，从而对使用可交替动力驱动系统的电动车进行制动。驱动装置30包括一个相对应的制动单元和车轮37。
从图1A和图2A可知，电动车可交替动力驱动系统10包括一个接口装置60，该接口装置则包括多个连接电动车与驱动系统的接口。连接驱动系统与电动车1000、2000的接口包含众多快速连接点，连接三轮电动车1000、四轮电动车2000与驱动系统。如图1和图2所示，千斤顶或滑动台架可用于连接电动车车身100、200与可交替动力驱动系统10。如图1A和图2A所示，接口装置60包括一个电动连接组件62即电力接口，该组件一部分连接可交替动力驱动系统10，另一部分连接三轮电动车车身100或四轮电动车车身200。电动连接组件62可用于驱动装置30的电动机34的激活与失活。电动连接组件62包括一个低电压电动连接组件，以用于电动车车速、电能存储单元存储性能、充电能力以及其他电动车性能的测试，性能测试结果可供车辆驾驶者进一步使用。
可交替动力驱动系统10的接口装置60包括一个加速器连接装置64及加速器接口。需要指出的是，与电动连接组件62类似，加速器连接装置64的一部分与可交替动力驱动系统10相连接，另一部分连接三轮电动车车身100或四轮电动车车身200，如图1A和图2A所示。加速器连接装置64连接加速器开关或三轮电动车1000或四轮电动车2000的踏板与电动机34以及驱动装置30的变速器32，从而使得电动车驾驶者可对三轮电动车1000或四轮电动车2000进行加速或减速。接口装置60还包括一个制动接口66。与加速器连接装置64相同的是，该制动接口66一部分与可交替动力驱动系统10相连接，另一部分连接三轮电动车车身100或四轮电动车车身200。制动接口66与加速器连接装置64协同作用，使得电动车驾驶者对三轮电动车1000或四轮电动车2000进行减速，减速指令由三轮电动车车身100或四轮电动车车身200的制动踏板或制动开关发出。
接口装置60包括一个接口组件68，如图1A和图2A所示。接口组件68连接控制器和/或燃料电池和/或燃料存储单元，为使用可交替动力驱动系统的电动车操作与维护过程中所需的外部测试、软件更新、燃料升级、燃料存储范围等提供协助。
上述内容为电动车可交替动力驱动系统10详细解释，下文为三轮电动车车身100与底盘装置50以及四轮电动车车身200与底盘装置50’之间动力交替过程的详细描述。从上述图例以及描述可知，可交替动力驱动系统10的末端由车桥36以及后轮37支撑，因此，三轮电动车车身100以及四轮电动车车身200和与其分别相对应的底盘装置50，50’进行动力交替时，由一千斤顶或滑动台架为动力驱动系统10提供支撑，千斤顶或滑动台架置于支撑装置40的摆臂46上；与此同时，三轮电动车车身100以及四轮电动车车身200和与其分别相对应的底盘装置50，50’与可交替动力驱动系统10分离。如图1A和图2A所示枢轴装置58设计位置靠下，以便于可交替动力驱动系统10在动力交替过程中的位置移动。枢轴装置58包括电动操控或液压操控的千斤顶，与小型货车所使用的千斤顶相同。
鉴于本发明细节未来可能的调整与改动，以上所述内容与图例皆作解释性用途。因此，本发明所涉领域应视具体情况而定。

Claims (20)

1.一种电动车可交替动力驱动系统，单独作用于多个不同的电动车辆中的每一个，系统中包括：
互相协同作用的动力装置和驱动装置；
装有上述动力装置和驱动装置的支撑装置；
可用于支撑一个或多个不同电动车车身的底盘装置；
所述支撑装置包括至少一个悬架装置，并且所述底盘装置包括至少一个悬架安装件，所述至少一个悬架安装件活动连接到至少一个上述支撑装置上的悬架装置上；
所述支撑装置还包括至少一个摆臂，至少一个摆臂的末端装有摆臂连接件；
所述底盘装置包括至少一个摆臂安装件，摆臂安装件活动连接至少一个摆臂连接件；
一接口装置，用于将上述动力装置和驱动装置一次连接到多个不同的电动车上。
2.如权利要求1所述系统，其中，所述动力装置包括电力存储单元。
3.如权利要求1所述系统，其中，所述动力装置包括一个充电接口，连接电力存储单元和外部充电设备。
4.如权利要求2所述系统，其中，所述动力装置包括一个控制器，用于控制电力存储单元的电力输出。
5.如权利要求1所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括一个车桥，车桥具有一对相对布置的车轮。
6.如权利要求5所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括一个变速器，变速器与车桥共同实现驱动作用。
7.如权利要求6所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括一个电动机，电动机与所述变速器协同作用。
8.如权利要求7所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括至少一个制动单元。
9.如权利要求1所述系统，其中，所述接口装置包括至少一个接口，接口为电力接口、加速器接口以及制动接口中的一种或多种。
10.一种电动车可交替动力驱动系统，单独作用于三轮电动车或四轮电动车，系统中包括：
一个动力装置和一个驱动装置，两者协同作用；
一个包括上述动力装置以及驱动装置的支撑装置；
一个可支撑至少一个三轮电动车或四轮电动车车身的底盘装置；
上述支撑装置包括至少一个悬架装置，悬架装置置于上述支撑装置后端；
上述底盘装置包括至少一个悬架安装件，用于多动连接至少一个上述支撑装置上的悬架装置；
上述支撑装置包括至少一个摆臂；
至少一个上述摆臂包括一个摆臂连接件，摆臂连接件置于摆臂末端，且延伸至三轮或四轮电动车车身中部；
上述底盘装置包括至少一个摆臂安装件，用于活动连接至少一个上述支撑装置上的摆臂连接件；
一接口装置，用于将上述动力装置和驱动装置连接到三轮电动车或四轮电动车上。
11.如权利要求10所述系统，其中，所述底盘装置包括一个三轮汽车底盘装置。
12.如权利要求10所述系统，其中，所述底盘装置包括一个四轮汽车底盘装置。
13.如权利要求10所述系统，其中，所述动力装置包括一个电力存储单元和一个充电接口，连接上述电力存储单元与外部充电设备。
14.如权利要求13所述系统，其中，所述动力装置包括一个控制器，用于控制上述电力存储单元的电力输出。
15.如权利要求14所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括一个车桥，车桥具有一对相对布置的车轮。
16.如权利要求15所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括一个变速器，变速器与车桥共同实现驱动作用。
17.如权利要求16所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括一个电动机，电动机与上述变速器协同作用。
18.如权利要求15所述系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括至少一个制动单元。
19.如权利要求18所述系统，其中，所述接口装置包括至少一个接口，接口为电力接口、加速器接口以及制动接口中的一种或多种，用于三轮或四轮电动车的操作。
20.如权利要求18所述系统，其中，所述接口装置包括一个电力接口、一个加速器接口以及一个制动接口，用于三轮或四轮电动车的操作。
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