CN107504872B - A kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig - Google Patents
A kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107504872B CN107504872B CN201710820158.7A CN201710820158A CN107504872B CN 107504872 B CN107504872 B CN 107504872B CN 201710820158 A CN201710820158 A CN 201710820158A CN 107504872 B CN107504872 B CN 107504872B
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- porose area
- arch springing
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- bottom plate
- arch
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to Tunnel Blasting technical fields, provide a kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig.Tunnel arch foot region is divided into three sub-regions: arch springing porose area, bottom plate porose area and periphery porose area；The arch springing porose area is the region for only including arch springing hole；The bottom plate porose area is comprising several bottom plate holes and close to the region of arch springing porose area, and zone length is not more than 0.5m；Periphery porose area is comprising several periphery holes and close to the region of arch springing porose area, and region height is not more than 0.5m；The bottom plate porose area is identical with periphery porose area firing order or bottom plate porose area and periphery porose area detonate according to sequencing, and arch springing porose area finally detonates；Arch springing porose area lags behind 100~300ms of last detonation subregion.The present invention can effectively solve the problems, such as that hard rock tunnel arch springing owes digging, improve tunnel Forming Quality, save engineering cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tunnel Blasting technical fields, are related to a kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig.
Background technique
Drill bursting construction is the common method of tunnel excavation, since it has good adaptability to different geological conditions,
Excavate it is at low cost, be particularly suitable for breaking surrounding rock tunnel, solid rock tunnel and a large amount of short tunnels construction, be it is current so that in the future
The main means of regular period inner tunnel driving.However, being limited by construction equipment and construction level, the hard rock that drilling and blasting method excavates
Tunnel usually occurs owing digging, especially tunnel arch foot position, big by rock clamping action, and deficient digging is particularly problematic, needs two
Secondary benefit big gun or mechanical excavation greatly reduce blast working efficiency, increase engineering cost.Therefore how to optimize arch springing region blasting parameter
Control tunnel arch foot is owed to dig and is particularly important.
The prior art for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig mainly has following measures.File 1 (CN206146313U) discloses one
The cloth pore structure for kind reducing out break arranges dense holes and spacer holes along excavation contour line, spacer holes be located at two dense holes it
Between and dense holes depth be greater than spacer holes.File 2 (CN205119959U) discloses a kind of combination blasthole for reducing out break,
Deep hole and shallow bore hole are arranged as a pair of of combination blasthole in the periphery hole region of face, and wherein outlet of deep hole is located at first branch contour line
On, eyeground is fallen on design excavation contour line, and blast hole depth is identical as reliever blast hole depth；Shallow bore hole aperture is located at first branch profile
Between line and design excavation contour line, eyeground is fallen in other than design excavation contour line, and blast hole depth is less than the blast hole depth of deep hole,
Blasthole inclination angle is greater than the blasthole inclination angle of deep hole.File 3 (" influence and controlling soil moist of the Tunnel Overbreak & Underbreak to tunneling cost ", Jiao Hai
It is bright, Jiangxi building materials, the 5th phase, page 153,160, on March 15th, 2017) it is smart from raising periphery hole jewel hole precision and surveying setting-out
Degree angularly proposes control measure using smooth Surface Blasting Technology, reinforcement field management.
The above measure can be reduced the out break problem of tunnel perimeter to a certain extent, but there are complicated for operation, increase explosions
The problems such as used time, while can not preferably solve the problems, such as that digging is owed in tunnel arch foot region, especially (country rock grade is I to hard rock tunnel
~IV grade).Basic reason is the above measure this single angle from periphery hole, has ignored bottom plate hole and imitates to arch springing explosion
The influence of fruit causes tunnel arch foot demolition effect poor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is owing in digging measure for existing processing tunnel arch foot region, there are complicated for operation, used time mistakes
Long, the problems such as efficiency is lower, provide a kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig, steps are as follows:
Tunnel arch foot region is divided into three sub-regions: arch springing porose area, bottom plate porose area and periphery porose area；The arch springing hole
Area is the region for only including arch springing hole；The bottom plate porose area is comprising several bottom plate holes and close to the region of arch springing porose area, area
Length of field is not more than 0.5m；Periphery porose area is comprising several periphery holes and close to the region of arch springing porose area, and region height is not more than
0.5m；
The bottom plate porose area is identical with periphery porose area firing order or bottom plate porose area and periphery porose area are according to sequencing
Detonation, arch springing porose area finally detonate；Arch springing porose area lags behind 100~300ms of last detonation subregion；
The blasthole single hole explosive payload of the arch springing porose area is maximum；
The arch springing porose area blasthole number is 1, and bottom plate porose area blasthole number is 1~2, periphery porose area blasthole number
It is 1~2；
The blasthole spacing for each blasthole that the tunnel arch foot region is included is no more than 0.35m.
The Millisecond delay method of ignition is the other non-electric shock conducting tube detonator method of multistage, or using other using different sections in hole
Detonator, or change delay time size using detonator outside hole.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: it is not required to by other special equipments, only relying on existing pusher leg drill can be real
Existing blasthole is laid, simultaneously, it is not necessary to use electric detonator, it is quick-fried that arch springing can be realized using the conventional other non-electric shock conducting tube detonator of multistage
It is broken.The method that the invention provides is easy to operate, and blasting cost is low, and demolition effect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is steel for shot schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure: 1 arch springing region；2 arch springing porose areas；2-a arch springing hole；3 bottom plate porose areas；
3-a arch springing area bottom plate hole；4 periphery porose areas；4-a arch springing area periphery hole；5 excavation contour lines；
6 bottom plate lines.
Specific embodiment
It is a specific embodiment of the invention below, and in conjunction with attached drawing, technical solution of the present invention is made further
Description.
Embodiment
IV grade of tunnel surrounding grade, section configuration is semicircle tunnel.Arch springing region 1 is marked on tunnel excavation section,
It is detonated using Millisecond delay, so that arch springing region 1 lags behind the other region detonations of tunnel excavation section.By tunnel arch foot region 1
It is divided into three sub-regions, respectively arch springing porose area 2, bottom plate porose area 3, periphery porose area 4.Three sub-regions are risen using Millisecond delay
It is quick-fried, Ms-13 sections of non-electric shock conducting tube detonators, priming network design interval 650ms, arch springing hole are used in periphery porose area 4 and 3 hole of bottom plate porose area
Area 2 uses Ms-15 sections of non-electric shock conducting tube detonators, and priming network design interval 880ms finally detonates.Arch springing porose area 2 lags behind periphery hole
Area 4 and bottom plate porose area 3 detonate, lag time 230ms.The blasthole single hole explosive payload of arch springing porose area 2 is maximum in three sub-regions.It is quick-fried
Broken explosive used is No. 2 rock emulsion explosives.Three sub-regions in arch springing region 1 arrange a blasthole, respectively arch springing hole
2-a, arch springing area bottom plate hole 3-a, arch springing area periphery hole 4-a.
It is a kind of to prevent the deficient blasting method dug of tunnel arch foot from including the following steps.
A, it drills on tunnel cross-section by design requirement.Drilling parameter are as follows: use V-cut, cut depth 1.8m；It is auxiliary
Help 0.5~0.6m of pitch of holes, blast hole depth 1.6m；Periphery 0.4~0.5m of pitch of holes, blast hole depth 1.6m；Between bottom plate hole blasthole
Away from 0.7m；Three blastholes of the laying of arch springing region 1, respectively arch springing hole 2-a, arch springing area bottom plate hole 3-a, arch springing area periphery hole 4-a,
Blast hole depth is 1.6m；Arch springing hole 2-a is located at arch springing (excavation contour line 5 and 6 intersection of bottom plate line), 8 ° of blasthole inclination angle, arch
5 ° of foot area bottom plate hole 3-a blasthole inclination angle is laid close to arch springing hole 2-a, and the two is respectively positioned on bottom plate line 6 and spacing 0.35m, arch springing
3 ° of area periphery hole 4-a blasthole inclination angle, is laid on tunnel excavation contour line 5, close to arch springing hole 2-a laying and the two spacing
0.3m；
B, detonator and explosive are fitted into blasthole.Blasting parameter are as follows: keyhole single hole explosive payload 0.9kg, detonator section used
It Wei not be Ms-1 sections and Ms-3 sections；Via hole single hole explosive payload 0.45kg, detonator section used are not Ms-5 sections, Ms-7 sections, Ms-9 sections；
In addition to arch springing area periphery hole 4-a, other periphery hole single hole explosive payload 0.3kg, other Ms-11 sections of detonator section used；Except arch springing area
Other than bottom plate hole 3-a, other bottom plate hole explosive payload 0.6kg, detonator section used is not Ms-11 sections；Detonator section in the hole 2-a of arch springing hole
Wei not be Ms-15 sections, realize last detonation, single hole explosive payload is 0.9kg；Detonator section is not Ms-13 in the arch springing area hole bottom plate hole 3-a
Section, single hole explosive payload 0.6kg；Detonator section is not Ms-13 sections in the arch springing area hole periphery hole 4-a, and single hole explosive payload is 0.45kg.
C, blasthole is blocked, stemming length is all larger than 0.5m；On line detonation joins mode using cluster, and detonator section is not the 1st outside hole
Section, the entire excavated section of once detonation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention, changes between hole depth, pitch-row, the successive delay of adjustment
It is included within the scope of the present invention every measure.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig, which is characterized in that described prevents tunnel arch foot to owe the explosion dug
Method, steps are as follows:
Tunnel arch foot region is divided into three sub-regions: arch springing porose area, bottom plate porose area and periphery porose area；The arch springing porose area is
It only include the region in arch springing hole；The bottom plate porose area is comprising several bottom plate holes and close to the region of arch springing porose area, and region is long
Degree is not more than 0.5m；Periphery porose area is comprising several periphery holes and close to the region of arch springing porose area, and region height is not more than 0.5m；
The bottom plate porose area is identical with periphery porose area firing order or bottom plate porose area and periphery porose area rise according to sequencing
Quick-fried, arch springing porose area finally detonates；Arch springing porose area lags behind 100~300ms of last detonation subregion.
2. according to claim 1 prevent tunnel arch foot to owe the blasting method dug, which is characterized in that the arch springing porose area
Blasthole single hole explosive payload it is maximum.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 prevent tunnel arch foot to owe the blasting method dug, which is characterized in that the arch springing
Porose area blasthole number is 1, and bottom plate porose area blasthole number is 1~2, and periphery porose area blasthole number is 1~2.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 prevent tunnel arch foot to owe the blasting method dug, which is characterized in that the tunnel
The blasthole spacing for each blasthole that arch springing region is included is no more than 0.35m.
5. according to claim 3 prevent tunnel arch foot to owe the blasting method dug, which is characterized in that the tunnel arch foot
The blasthole spacing for each blasthole that region is included is no more than 0.35m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710820158.7A CN107504872B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | A kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710820158.7A CN107504872B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | A kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107504872A CN107504872A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
| CN107504872B true CN107504872B (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710820158.7A Active CN107504872B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | A kind of blasting method for preventing tunnel arch foot to owe to dig |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114383480A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-22 | 广东爆破工程有限公司 | Blasting construction method for hole-pile method subway station protection main structure |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040060454A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2004-07-06 | 코오롱건설주식회사 | Excavation method of tunnel for reducing overbreak and underbreak in tunnel blasting |
| CN103470274B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-06-03 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Installation construction method of tunnel arch frame |
| CN205119959U (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-03-30 | 山东科技大学 | Reduce and surpass combination big gun hole of owing to dig |
| CN206146313U (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-05-03 | 山东科技大学 | Reduce and surpass cloth pore structure of owing to dig |
| CN106546135A (en) * | 2016-11-05 | 2017-03-29 | 中交航局第四工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel cross-section excavates control mould |
| CN106437774B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-10-02 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Single hole list cover tunnelling construction method |
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