CN107501327B - 环磷酰胺—水物的结晶方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclophosphamide Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)P1(=O)NCCCO1 CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229960004397 cyclophosphamide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
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- C07F9/65842—Cyclic amide derivatives of acids of phosphorus, in which one nitrogen atom belongs to the ring
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种环磷酰胺—水物的结晶方法,步骤为,首先,将环磷酰胺粗品溶于疏水性离子液体,溶解温度为35~40℃,加入2~6当量水,所述离子液体与所述环磷酰胺粗品比例为(2‑8):1,冷却至5‑20℃,析出环磷酰胺一水物;本发明以离子液体为结晶溶剂,溶剂容易回收,收率高,产品纯度符合USP标准。该结晶方法具有操作简单、产品质量好、绿色环保等优势,便于规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环磷酰胺—水物的结晶方法,属于医药合成技术领域。
背景技术
环磷酰胺—水物是白色结晶或结晶性粉末(失去结晶水即液化),在室温中稳定,溶于水,但溶解度不大,水溶液不稳定,故应在溶解后短期内使用,易溶于乙醇。
该品为最常用的烷化剂类抗肿瘤药,进入体内后,在肝微粒体酶催化下分解释放出烷化作用很强的氯乙基磷酰胺(或称磷酰胺氮芥),而对肿瘤细胞产生细胞毒作用,此外本品还具有显著免疫抑制作用。
临床用于恶性淋巴瘤,多发性骨髓瘤,白血病、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌、支气管癌、肺癌等,也可用于类风湿关节炎、儿童肾病综合征以及自身免疫疾病的治疗。本品在体外无抗肿瘤活性,进入体内后先在肝脏中经微粒体功能氧化酶转化成醛磷酰胺。而醛酰胺不稳定,在肿瘤细胞内分解成酰胺氮芥及丙烯醛,酰胺氮芥对肿瘤细胞有细胞毒作用。环磷酰胺是双功能烷化剂及细胞周期非特异性药物,可干扰DNA及RNA功能,尤以对前者的影响更大,它与DNA发生交叉联结,抑制DNA合成,对S期作用最明显。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明的目的是提出一种环磷酰胺—水物的结晶方法。
本发明的目的,将通过以下技术方案得以实现:
环磷酰胺—水物的结晶方法,包括如下步骤:
首先,将环磷酰胺粗品溶于疏水性离子液体,溶解温度为35~40℃,加入2~6 当量水,所述离子液体与所述环磷酰胺粗品比例为(2-8):1,冷却,当溶液出现浑浊时,加入环磷酰胺一水物晶种,最后冷却搅拌,析出环磷酰胺一水物;所述环磷酰胺一水物的结构式如下:
优选地,包括如下步骤:
S1、环磷酰胺粗品溶于疏水性离子液体,溶解温度为35~40℃,加入2~6当量水,所述离子液体与所述环磷酰胺粗品比例为(2~8):1;
S2、将S1中的溶液冷却至23~25℃,体系开始变浑浊,加入环磷酰胺—水物晶种,并搅拌1h;
S3、缓慢冷却至13~15℃,冷却时间1~3h;
S4、缓慢冷却至5~10℃,冷却时间1~3h;并在5~10℃搅拌0.5h;
S5、对经过冷却后的S4进行抽滤,滤饼用0~5℃冰水洗涤两次,在20~25℃下,水泵真空干燥,得环磷酰胺—水物,收率75~81%。
优选地,所述离子液体为咪唑类离子液体。
优选地,所述离子液体为1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑三氟甲磺酰胺盐、1-甲基-3-N- 丁基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑六氟磷酸盐。
优选地,所述S1中所述离子液体与所述环磷酰胺粗品比例为(3-4):1。
优选地,所述S1中加入3当量水。
优选地,所述冷却温度为20-30℃,出现浑浊。
优选地,加入环磷酰胺一水物晶种后进行分步冷却。
优选地,在分步冷却过程中进行搅拌。
优选地,第二次冷却搅拌时间小于第一次冷却搅拌时间。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明以离子液体为结晶溶剂,溶剂容易回收,收率高,产品纯度符合USP标准。该结晶方法具有操作简单、产品质量好、绿色环保等优势,便于规模化生产。
以下便结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详述,以使本发明技术方案更易于理解、掌握。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种环磷酰胺—水物的结晶方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、环磷酰胺粗品溶于疏水性离子液体,溶解温度为35~40℃,加入2~6当量水,3当量水。所述离子液体与所述环磷酰胺粗品比例为(2~8):1;所述离子液体为咪唑类离子液体。所述离子液体优选为1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑三氟甲磺酰胺盐、1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑六氟磷酸盐,结构式分别为:
S2、将S1中的溶液冷却至23~25℃,体系开始变浑浊,加入环磷酰胺—水物晶种,并搅拌1h;
S3、缓慢冷却至13~15℃,冷却时间1~3h;
S4、缓慢冷却至5~10℃,冷却时间1~3h;并在5~10℃搅拌0.5h;采用分步冷却似的冷却更彻底,更有利于结晶的均匀产生。
S5、对经过冷却后的S4进行抽滤,滤饼用0~5℃冰水洗涤两次,在20~25℃下,水泵真空干燥,得环磷酰胺—水物,收率75~81%。
所述环磷酰胺一水物的结构式如下:
以下以具体的实施例进行和阐述;
实例一:
以1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑三氟甲磺酰胺盐为溶剂
100g粗品35~40℃的条件下溶于400ml 1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑三氟甲磺酰胺盐,溶解时间约需20分钟;加入水(20.7g,3当量),冷却至23~25℃,体系开始浑浊,加入1g环磷酰胺—水物晶种;冷却至13~15℃,冷却所需时间2h;冷却至5~10℃,冷却所需时间2h;5~10℃搅拌0.5h;抽滤,滤饼用冰水(50ml, 0~5℃)洗涤两次,20~25℃水泵真空干燥,得环磷酰胺—水物79g,收率79%,有关物质含量满足USP标准。
实例二:
以1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑四氟硼酸盐为溶剂
100g粗品35~40℃的条件下溶于400ml 1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑四氟硼酸盐,溶解时间约需30分钟;加入水(20.7g,3当量),冷却至23~25℃,体系开始浑浊,加入1g环磷酰胺—水物晶种;冷却至13~15℃,冷却所需时间2h;冷却至 5~10℃,时间2h;且在5~10℃下搅拌0.5h;抽滤,滤饼用冰水(50ml,0~5℃) 洗涤两次,20~25℃水泵真空干燥,得环磷酰胺—水物81g,收率81%,有关物质含量满足USP标准。
实例三:
离子液体的回收再利用
将以上实施例一、二中的约400ml结晶母液中,加入200ml水,400ml异丙醚,搅拌1h;分液,收集有机相;有机相用100ml水洗涤两次后,减压浓缩得到离子液体360ml,回收率可达90%,纯度99%。
本发明尚有多种实施方式,凡采用等同变换或者等效变换而形成的所有技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.环磷酰胺一水物的结晶方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、环磷酰胺粗品溶于疏水性离子液体,溶解温度为35~40℃,加入2~6当量水,所述离子液体与所述环磷酰胺粗品比例为(2~8):1;
S2、将S1中的溶液冷却至23~25℃,体系开始变浑浊,加入环磷酰胺一水物晶种,并搅拌1h;
S3、缓慢冷却至13~15℃,冷却时间1~3 h;
S4、缓慢冷却至5~10℃,冷却时间1~3 h;并在5~10℃搅拌0.5 h;
S5、对经过冷却后的S4进行抽滤,滤饼用0~5℃冰水洗涤两次,在20~25℃下,水泵真空干燥,得环磷酰胺一水物,收率75~81%;
所述环磷酰胺一水物的结构式如下:
其中,所述离子液体为1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑三氟甲磺酰胺盐、1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-甲基-3-N-丁基咪唑六氟磷酸盐。
2.如权利要求1所述的环磷酰胺一水物的结晶方法,其特征在于:所述S1中所述离子液体与所述环磷酰胺粗品比例为(3-4):1。
3.如权利要求1所述的环磷酰胺一水物的结晶方法,其特征在于:所述S1中加入3当量水。
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GB1235022A (en) * | 1969-06-04 | 1971-06-09 | Laeaeke Ag | A new method for the production of cyclophosphamide |
CN103271083A (zh) * | 2005-10-07 | 2013-09-04 | 阿拉巴马大学 | 多功能离子液体组合物 |
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GB1235022A (en) * | 1969-06-04 | 1971-06-09 | Laeaeke Ag | A new method for the production of cyclophosphamide |
CN103271083A (zh) * | 2005-10-07 | 2013-09-04 | 阿拉巴马大学 | 多功能离子液体组合物 |
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离子液体合成及其在萃取分离中的应用进展;朱朝梁等;《盐湖研究》;20160930;第24卷(第3期);第55-61页 |
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