CN107497167A - 用于液压阀的夹式过滤器和具有这样的夹式过滤器的液压阀 - Google Patents

用于液压阀的夹式过滤器和具有这样的夹式过滤器的液压阀 Download PDF

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CN107497167A
CN107497167A CN201710137967.8A CN201710137967A CN107497167A CN 107497167 A CN107497167 A CN 107497167A CN 201710137967 A CN201710137967 A CN 201710137967A CN 107497167 A CN107497167 A CN 107497167A
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folder
clip filter
valve
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recess
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CN107497167B (zh
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大卫·浩赫
克里斯蒂安·胡戈尔
托马斯·杰克布
奥利弗·圣思特
迪特勒夫·沙克
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1 Yixiou Holdings Ltd
Eco Holding 1 GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
    • B01D35/04—Plug, tap, or cock filters filtering elements mounted in or on a faucet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/041—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves cylindrical slide valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/112—Ring shaped filters wherein both opposite axial sides are opened and the axial length is shorter than the diameter, e.g. as used in hydraulic transmission systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/306—Filter mounting adapter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0003—Arrangement or mounting of elements of the control apparatus, e.g. valve assemblies or snapfittings of valves; Arrangements of the control unit on or in the transmission gearbox
    • F16H61/0009—Hydraulic control units for transmission control, e.g. assembly of valve plates or valve units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/078—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted and linearly movable closure members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/048—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/061—Sliding valves
    • F16K31/0613—Sliding valves with cylindrical slides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/40—Special measures for connecting different parts of the filter
    • B01D2201/4084—Snap or Seeger ring connecting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/40—Special measures for connecting different parts of the filter
    • B01D2201/4092—Threaded sections, e.g. screw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/3443—Solenoid driven oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34436—Features or method for avoiding malfunction due to foreign matters in oil
    • F01L2001/3444—Oil filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F15B13/0402—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于液压阀的、具有容置在支架框内的过滤器元件的夹式过滤器，其中所述支架框(41)构造为环形并且具有夹式过滤器锁止件(42)，其中所述支架框(41)的端部(43，44)能相互嵌接地用于闭锁所述夹式过滤器(35)，其中第一端部(43)具有鼻状夹件(45)并且第二端部(44)具有与夹件(45)互补的凹部(46)。按照本发明，所述夹式过滤器锁止件以开启力优化的方式构造设置。

Description

用于液压阀的夹式过滤器和具有这样的夹式过滤器的液压阀
技术领域
本发明涉及用于液压阀的夹式过滤器和具有这样的夹式过滤器的液压阀。
背景技术
用于液压阀的夹式过滤器例如由文献DE 10 2007 050 447 A1已知。所述夹式过滤器通常由两个在一般情况下是半圆形的外壳组成，它们在一端能互相且相向活动地连接，并且在另一端为了形成闭合环而分别具有夹式过滤器锁止件的互补部分。为了防止污物进入到液压阀中，确保所述夹式过滤器或夹式过滤器锁止件即使在高的负荷峰值时也不打开。
文献DE 100 27 080 A1也公开了一种夹式过滤器，其中所述夹式过滤器的第一端设计为仅部分地容置所述夹式过滤器的第二端，由此所述两端可以根据所述夹式过滤器的负荷相对容易地松开。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供用于液压阀的改进的、耐用的且同时成本有利的夹式过滤器。此外应提供具有夹式过滤器的液压阀，其可靠地阻挡污物进入并进而能耐用且持久地发挥功能。
前述任务借助于独立权利要求的特征来解决。包括本发明的适宜且重要的进一步方案的、优选的设计方案在各个从属权利要求中规定。
按照本发明的、用于液压阀的夹式过滤器具有支架框，所述支架框具有容置在该支架框内的过滤器元件。所述支架框构造为环形并且具有夹式过滤器锁止件。所述支架框的端部能相互嵌接地用于闭锁所述夹式过滤器，其中第一端部具有鼻状夹件并且第二端部具有与夹件互补的凹部。按照本发明，所述夹式过滤器锁止件以开启力优化的方式构造设置。就是说换言之，为了打开所述夹式过滤器锁止件而使用高的力，反之，闭锁所述夹式过滤器锁止件可以在使用小得多的力的情况下进行。由此，在与现有技术相比实现更简单的装配的同时，显著地提升所述夹式过滤器锁止件在运行中的耐用性。所述夹式过滤器尤其在高的一次性负荷峰值的情况下、在运行中可靠地保持关闭。
尤其是所述凹部构造为，当鼻状夹件处于锁住状态时，在周向上完全包围所述鼻状夹件，并且在径向上在一端完全包围所述鼻状夹件而在另一端包围大部分所述鼻状夹件。这说明换言之，所述凹部几乎完全包围所述夹件。因此，所述夹件既不能在径向上运动，因为其在周向上被所述凹部完全包围，又不能在周向上运动，因为其在一端在其径向延展上被所述凹部完全包围、而在另一端在其径向延展上被所述凹部包围绝大部分。
在另一设计方案中，所述鼻状夹件借助于下侧和背向于下侧构造的上侧构造为楔形，并且所述凹部为此以互补的方式设计，即具有互补的面。楔形夹件的优点在于能实现简化地导入到所述凹部中，所述夹件尤其实施为沿关闭方向渐窄的。
为了进一步提升待使用的开启力，所述夹件以及凹部分别具有至少一个与打开或关闭方向正交构造的面部分。这说明，为了克服垂直于打开或关闭方向构造的壁或面，尤其所述开启力与现有技术相比高得多。
防止打开的额外的保险措施通过构造凸起部引起，所述凸起部构造在所述凹部的与夹件下侧对置的面处，并且其中所述下侧具有与凸起部互补的凹部。
在另一设计方案中，构造于支架框的外侧处的外臂构造为在关闭过程期间用于位置变化。所述设计为用于容置鼻状夹件的凹部在所述凹部的区域内将支架框划分为两个外臂，在所述两个外臂之间构造有所述凹部。为了减小在夹式过滤器关闭时施加的力，所述背向于夹件下侧的外臂、因此所述构造于支架框外侧处的外臂设计为柔性的，所述外臂借以能在径向上向外进行位置变化。
在另一设计方案中，所述柔韧性借助于横截面减小部实现，所述外臂横在凹部的区域内具有截面减小部。
用于位置变化的柔韧性也借助于修圆部来引起，所述外臂在其背向于夹件布置的一侧具有修圆部。所述修圆部也可与横截面减小部组合构造，由此得到改进的柔韧性。此外，如果在装配时使用了过高的关闭力，所述修圆部能避免外臂的可能的折断。
为了提供成本有利的夹式过滤器，所述过滤器元件一体地构造为具有过滤开口的带状薄片，其中所述带状薄片以注入到支架框内的方式设置。
第二方面涉及液压阀，其具有阀套和在阀套内能沿阀套的纵轴线移动的阀活塞。所述液压阀具有用于供给液压流体的供应接头、至少一个工作接头和用于排出液压流体的至少一个油箱接头。所述阀活塞能借助于液压阀的电磁致动器移动，其中所述供应接头和/或工作接头被根据前述权利要求之一所述的夹式过滤器遮盖。本发明的优点是提供一种液压阀，其基于防止打开的夹式过滤器构造为可靠地防止可能的污染。这导致按照本发明的液压阀的使用寿命延长，由此能极大降低保修成本和商誉成本(Kulanzkosten)。按照本发明的液压阀也用于包括该液压阀的机组、像是例如机电一体化传动控制机构或凸轮轴相位调节器的使用寿命延长。
本发明的有利设计方案和优点由其它权利要求、说明书和附图得出。
附图说明
其它优点由下述附图说明得出。在附图中示出本发明的实施例。所述附图、说明书和权利要求书包括组合的很多特征。本领域技术人员也按照目的单独地考虑所述特征并且总结成合理的其它组合。
其中示例性地：
图1示出穿过按照本发明的实施例的、处于未通电的初始状态的液压阀的剖面；
图2示出按照现有技术的打开的夹式过滤器；和
图3示出闭合的按照本发明的夹式过滤器的放大的局部。
具体实施方式
在附图中用相同的附图标记表示相同或同类的部件。所述附图仅示出示例而不应理解为受限的。
图1示出穿过按照本发明的实施例的液压阀1的纵剖图。呈比例阀形式的液压阀1例如用于自动化的传动机构。按照本发明的夹式过滤器35例如可用于下述液压阀1，然而也可用于其它液压阀，像是例如作为用于调节凸轮轴相位调节器的插装阀设置的液压阀。
液压阀1具有阀套2和在阀套2的阶梯形孔38中能沿阀套2的纵轴线4轴向移动的阀活塞3。阀活塞3能借助于液压阀1的电磁致动器5移动。致动器5是液压阀1的磁性部件，所述致动器具有与阀活塞3有效连接的衔铁7，所述衔铁与阀套2同轴地布置。此外，衔铁7借助于包围衔铁7的电磁线圈6能活动地容置在致动器5的壳体8中，其中衔铁7能移动地布置在磁极管9和磁极铁心10中。
给电磁线圈6通电导致阀活塞3的轴向移动，其中布置在阀活塞3背向于致动器5的端面11处的止动元件12向阀活塞3施加矫顽力，阀活塞3克服所述矫顽力移动。在所述实施例中呈螺旋压力弹簧形式构造的止动元件(Rückhalteelement)12支撑在盖13处，所述盖在背向于致动器5构造的壳体端面14的区域内利用压配合布置在阀套2中。
电磁线圈6径向向内地被线圈架16限制地容置在壳体8中，其中壳体8与磁极铁心10一体构造，所述磁极铁心与磁极管9相对置地布置。圆柱形磁极铁心10面向阀套2地布置并且布置为包围阀套2的端区段15。圆柱形磁极管9在其背向于磁极铁心10构造的端部处具有限定衔铁室17的壁18。
不导电的线圈架16具有u型轮廓并且放在磁极管9以及磁极铁心10上，在所述线圈架内容置有电磁线圈6的线圈绕组。磁极管9和磁极铁心10可以按照在图3中示出的实施方式一体设置并且借助于非常薄的连接片连接地设置，其中在这种情况下，磁极铁心10和壳体8构造为独立构件。
在运行中，电磁线圈6被激励并产生磁场，所述磁场使磁极铁心10、衔铁7、磁极管9和壳体8磁化。被磁极铁心10包围的端区段15也充斥着磁场。
在阀活塞3的端部处的活塞推杆39以其面向衔铁7构造的端面19紧贴防粘元件20，所述防粘元件布置在衔铁7的面向端面19构造的第一端面21处。因此，阀活塞3与衔铁7有效连接，并且衔铁7的轴向活动能传递至阀活塞3。防粘元件20构造为盘形并且用于避免衔铁7粘着在导磁的阀套2上。此外，防粘元件20尽可能地封锁能穿流的衔铁通道22，所述衔铁通道居中且沿衔铁7中的纵轴线4延伸地构造并且构造为孔。
在液压阀1的所示位置处，在衔铁7和阀套2之间构造有环形的第一空间23。第一空间23通过至少一个引入防粘元件20中的并且沿纵轴线4的方向完全穿透所述防粘元件的开口58、通过衔铁通道22与环形的第二空间24能穿流地连接，其中第二空间24设计在衔铁7的背向于第一端面21构造的第二端面25与磁极管9的壁18之间。这说明能在任何时候实现所述空间23、24之间的压力平衡。因此，衔铁7在阀活塞3沿背向于致动器5的方向移动时仅必须实施基于阀活塞3的移动作业并且为了调节阀活塞3而具有快速的反应时间。
阀套2借助于密封元件26、28例如密封地布置在传动机构构件27中并且具有用于供给液压流体的供应接头P、至少一个工作接头A和用于排出液压流体的至少一个油箱接头T。供应接头P、工作接头A和油箱接头T在阀套2中配设有第一环槽29、第二环槽30或第三环槽31，所述环槽分别通过连接通道32、33、34与传动机构构件27的接头连接。另外两个油箱接头T1和T2设置用于传动机构构件27中的泄漏，其中油箱接头T和T1通入共同的、传动机构构件27的连接通道34中。
供应接头P设计用于与未更详细示出的油泵连接，从而液压阀1能用液压流体来供给，在本实施例中所述液压流体是油。第一环槽29和第二环槽30分别具有用于过滤液压流体的夹式过滤器35。
阀活塞3具有环绕的环槽36。根据阀活塞3的就位，或是工作接头A与油箱接头T如所示的那样能穿流地连接，或是供应接头P与工作接头A能穿流地连接。
呈u形横截面的、例如深冲的盘形式的密封元件37用于对液压阀1的磁性部件和液压部件进行空间分隔，并且布置在阀套2的端区段15内。优选所述密封元件37压入孔38。
如可见地，活塞推杆39无接触地穿透密封元件37的处于内部的腿部59，从而在活塞推杆39和腿部59之间产生的间隙起到密封间隙的作用、并进而起到间隙密封机构的作用，其中通过密封长度与密封间隙的间隙高度的比例能够将液压流体的交换降至最少。
由此，能够明显减少在液压阀1的磁性部件和液压部件之间的污物颗粒的交换，所述污物颗粒损害磁性功能和/或液压功能。尤其能防止对在磁极管9中的衔铁运动的负面影响并且防止由此引起的磁滞/阀滞后。
为了保护液压阀1和机电一体化的整个液压部件免受污染，环形的夹式过滤器35遮盖接头P和A。在供应状态下，夹式过滤器35在周面的部位打开，以便能安装所述夹式过滤器。图2示出已知的、处于打开状态的夹式过滤器40。已知的夹式过滤器40的缺点是，所述夹式过滤器例如由于首次填充液压阀1时的高流体阻力而非本意地打开，从而夹式过滤器40不再在液压阀1运行时发挥功能。高的负荷峰值也能导致已知的夹式过滤器40的非本意的打开。
按照本发明的、在图3中以局部很大程度放大的方式示出的夹式过滤器35具有容置在支架框41中的、未更详细示出的过滤器元件，其中支架框41构造为环形的。夹式过滤器35的、用于闭锁夹式过滤器35的夹式过滤器锁止件42具有支架框41的能相互嵌接的端部或者端部区域43、44。如可见地，第二端部44具有鼻状的夹件45，其为了闭锁支架框41而嵌接在第一端部43的互补的凹部46中。为了排除夹式过滤器35的非本意的打开，夹式过滤器锁止件42按照本发明构造为开启力优化的。
开启力优化的夹式过滤器锁止件42应理解为下述夹式过滤器锁止件42，其设有很小的装配力或关闭力，然而设有很高的开启力。就是说换言之，必需的是，用于打开夹式过滤器锁止件42的开启力比用于关闭夹式过滤器锁止件42的关闭力大得多。这说明，夹式过滤器锁止件42一方面在关闭过程中必须具有一定柔韧性，反之，设计为在可能的打开过程中是迟缓的。这借助于夹式过滤器锁止件42在周向上的优化的纵向延展来实现。就是说换言之，夹式过滤器锁止件42的、呈鼻状夹件45的形式构造的公部件和夹式过滤器锁止件42的、呈凹部46的形式构造的母部件以它们沿径向和周向的延展适应于可能作用在夹式过滤器35上的力。
鼻状夹件45借助于基本上平行于打开或关闭方向构造的下侧47和上侧48基本上构造为楔形，其中夹件45和凹部46的长度在周向上这样构造，即夹式过滤器锁止件42具有一定柔韧性。凹部46具有与下侧47和上侧48互补构造的面49、50。
此外，夹件45以及凹部46分别具有与打开或关闭方向、就是说与周向正交构造的面部分51、52，它们通过沿周向作用的力与打开相反地形成高阻力。由此，显著地提高了为了打开所使用的切向力。
正交的面部分51、52连接上侧48或面50，如由图3可见的那样。上侧48构造为相对于下侧47在周向上倾斜，由此，夹件45具有沿周向变化的横截面Q，所述横截面从元件尖端62朝向第一面部分51增大。
因此，凹部46实施为，当鼻状夹件45处于锁住状态时在周向上完全包围所述鼻状夹件，并且在径向上在所述鼻状夹件的元件尖端62处的一端完全包围所述鼻状夹件而在所述鼻状夹件的背向于元件尖端62构造的另一端处包围大部分所述鼻状夹件。
夹件45借助于桥部64与支架框41的端部44连接。
在所示出的实施例中，桥部64具有桥部横截面S，所述桥部横截面扣除在第一面部分51处的倒圆部65相当于夹件45在第一面部分51处的横截面Q的一半。桥部横截面S根据可能的、在液压阀1的运行中作用在夹式过滤器35上的力或在桥部64上产生的力如此设计，即切向力尤其在关闭和打开过程期间无故障地、就是说所述桥部无撕裂或无断裂地被承受。倒圆部65用于减小所施加的关闭力。
凹部46的、配属于夹件45的下侧47的面49具有凸起部53，其中夹件45的下侧47具有互补的凹部54。凸起部53使得夹件45的正交面部分51在打开作用的切向力的情况下朝向凹部46的正交面部分52运动，从而额外地增大所述开启力并且额外地使得夹式过滤器35的打开变得困难。
支架框41沿周向在凹部46的区域内具有在所述支架框外侧55处的第一外臂60和与其对置的第二外臂61，在所述第一和第二外臂之间延伸地构造有凹部46。夹件45在第一外臂60和第二外臂61之间完全容置在凹部46内。
如进一步可见地，支架框41的外侧55在凹部46的区域内、就是说在上侧48的区域内具有横截面减小部56，所述横截面减小部与夹件45或凹部46的形状匹配地设置。就是说换言之，第一外臂60具有其臂横截面AQ的横截面变化部，所述横截面变化部从面向所述第一外臂的元件尖端62构造的第一臂端66直至所述第一外臂的与端部44的侧面63对置布置的第二臂端67。臂横截面AQ在覆盖上侧48的区域内、以主要匹配于夹件45的上侧48的倾斜的方式在径向上不变地构造。
横截面减小部56用于提高柔韧性并且在夹式过滤器35关闭时实现径向向外的弹性变形。因此，第一外臂60构造为在关闭过程期间用于位置变化。
在下侧47的区域内，支架框41的横截面如下优化，即所述区域设置为较不灵活的，以使在安装空间处的径向碰撞的可能性以及随之而来的更高的关闭力或应力最小化。
横截面减小部56逐渐变为修圆部57，以便在关闭时更小的应力与柔韧性之间实现最佳的匹配。
夹式过滤器锁止件42通过更小的关闭力能实现更简单的装配，然而在高负荷峰值或首次填充的情况下防止夹式过滤器35的非本意的打开。按照本发明的夹式过滤器35借以可靠地保护液压阀1免受污染。
所述过滤器元件例如能一体地作为具有过滤开口的带状薄片来设置，并且能以注入到优选由塑料制成的支架框41内的方式设置。

Claims (12)

1.用于液压阀的、具有容置在支架框内的过滤器元件的夹式过滤器，其中所述支架框(41)构造为环形并且具有夹式过滤器锁止件(42)，其中所述支架框(41)的端部(43，44)能相互嵌接地用于闭锁所述夹式过滤器(35)，其中第一端部(43)具有鼻状夹件(45)并且第二端部(44)具有与夹件(45)互补的凹部(46)，其特征在于，所述夹式过滤器锁止件(42)以开启力优化的方式构造设置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，所述凹部(46)构造为，当鼻状夹件(45)处于锁住状态时，在周向上完全包围所述鼻状夹件，并且在径向上在一端完全包围所述鼻状夹件而在另一端包围大部分所述鼻状夹件。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，所述鼻状夹件(45)借助于下侧(47)和背向于下侧(47)构造的上侧(48)构造为楔形，并且所述凹部(46)以互补的方式设计，即具有互补的面。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，所述夹件(45)以及凹部(46)分别具有至少一个与打开或关闭方向正交构造的面部分(51，52)。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，所述凹部(46)具有与夹件(45)的下侧(47)对置的面(49)，其中所述面(49)具有凸起部(53)并且所述夹件(45)的下侧(47)具有与凸起部(53)互补的凹部(54)。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，构造在所述支架框(41)的外侧(55)处的外臂(60)构造用于在关闭过程中的位置变化。
7.根据权利要求6所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，所述支架框(41)的外臂(60)在凹部(54)的区域内具有横截面减小部(56)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，所述外臂(60)在其背向于夹件(45)布置的一侧具有修圆部(57)。
9.根据前述权利要求之一所述的夹式过滤器，其特征在于，所述过滤器元件一体地构造为具有过滤开口的带状薄片，其中所述带状薄片以注入到支架框(41)内的方式设置。
10.具有阀套(2)和在阀套(2)内能沿阀套(2)的纵轴线(4)轴向移动的阀活塞(3)的液压阀，所述液压阀具有用于供给液压流体的供应接头(P)、至少一个工作接头(A)和用于排出所述液压流体的至少一个油箱接头(T1；T2)，其中所述阀活塞(3)能借助于液压阀(1)的电磁致动器(5)移动，其中所述供应接头(P)和/或所述工作接头(A)被根据前述权利要求之一所述的夹式过滤器(35)遮盖。
11.根据权利要求10所述的液压阀，其特征在于，所述液压阀(1)设置作为尤其用于机电一体化传动机构控制的电动液压的比例阀。
12.根据权利要求10所述的液压阀，其特征在于，所述液压阀(1)设置作为用于调节凸轮轴相位调节器的插装阀。
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