CN107494603A - A kind of natural plants growth regulator and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of natural plants growth regulator and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107494603A CN107494603A CN201710684096.1A CN201710684096A CN107494603A CN 107494603 A CN107494603 A CN 107494603A CN 201710684096 A CN201710684096 A CN 201710684096A CN 107494603 A CN107494603 A CN 107494603A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of natural plants growth regulator and its preparation method and application.Natural plants growth regulator of the present invention includes extracting obtained natural plants growth regulator A and natural plants growth regulator B by raw material of the melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin.Natural plants growth regulator of the present invention is used in the experiment of radish hypocotyl, is remarkably improved Radish cotyledon weight, hypocotyl diameter and hypocotyl length；Natural plants growth regulator is sprayed during Wheat Production obvious effect of increasing production to wheat, and natural plants growth regulator A and B is respectively 17.28% and 19.90% to the rate of growth of wheat；Natural plants growth regulator is sprayed during Rice Production also obvious effect of increasing production to rice, and natural plants growth regulator A and B is respectively 14.71% and 16.27% to the rate of growth of rice, show that natural plants growth regulator of the present invention has obvious facilitation to plant growth, it can apply to be used for coordinate plant growth in agricultural, have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind using the melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin as raw material extract obtained natural plants growth regulator and
Its preparation method and the application in the regulation of plant growth/yield.
Background technology
A kind of watermelon, seed melon is called, is the variety of the common watermelon seed of Curcurbitaceae Citrullus, for the heat-resisting annual plant of happiness temperature
Thing, there is the characteristics such as necessarily drought-enduring, barren-resistant, be distributed mainly on the ground such as Xinjiang, Jilin, the Inner Mongol and Gansu.A kind of watermelon contains
The nutriments such as abundant protein, fat, vitamin B, D, do daily consumption more, are the ticbits that people generally like.
A kind of watermelon has the effect of cooling and heatstroke-eliminating, and melon skin, melon pulp play the role of heat-clearing, diuresis of quenching the thirst, melon juice can control summer flu, it is small
Just the disease such as red heat, it is edible during summer hot summer weather to make us happy foster body, for the fine work relieved summer heat.Blood plasma courage can be reduced in medical industry to consolidate
Alcohol, regulation blood sugar level, pre- preventing obesity, can also suppress cancer cell diffusion or the formation of tumour.With important economic development
Value.
China's kind of watermelon annual production millions of tons, but be used to take seed, however account for the flesh of gross mass nearly 93%, skin goes out of use and thrown away
Fall, not only cause the wasting of resources, and polluted agricultural land environment.Kind of watermelon yield such as Tongyu County is high, and quality is good, mostly yellow flesh, contains
Sugar is low, in good taste, refrigerant agreeable to the taste, and whole county seed-melon seed yield reaches more than 1.5 ten thousand tons, but peasant is only to receive based on seed-melon seed, and
Melon skin, flesh etc. are thrown away, serious waste resource.
As the improvement of people's living standards, requirement of the people to Residual Pesticides in Farm Produce also more and more higher, in order to increase
Add yield and prevent pest and disease damage, people can typically use various chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, and the chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals that tradition uses all are chemistry
Synthesis, to human body there is also potentially hazardous while these chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals can prevent and treat pest and disease damage, remains of pesticide is in people
Long-term accumulation delay can trigger slow poisoning in vivo, so that many chronic diseases are induced, such as Parkinson's, alzheimer's disease, the heart
Cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, cancer etc..Harm of the remains of pesticide to human body be now it is undoubted the fact, therefore seek efficiently,
Low toxicity, the nuisanceless chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals of low-residual are imperative.
China's Chinese herbal medicine resource is quite abundant, and research shows that there is the secondary metabolites in Chinese herbal medicine certain plant to adjust
Section activity, Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is made using active principle is extracted from natural plants, there can be a variety of regulating and controlling effects to plant growth,
Including controlling the multi-efficiencies such as long, freeze proof, anti-early, waterlogging, preventing and treating pest and disease damage, high yield.And Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations has green, without dirt
The advantages of contaminating, being compatible with the environment, avoid pollution and the residual of chemical synthetic pesticide.In the long term, Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations replacementization
Learning synthesis chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals has vast potential for future development.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：Overcome in existing agricultural cultivation using harmful existing for chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals etc.
The problem of, there is provided it is a kind of to extract obtained natural plants growth regulator and its preparation side by raw material of the melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin
Method and the application in the regulation of plant growth/yield.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of natural plants growth regulator, and it includes natural plant
Thing growth regulator A and natural plants growth regulator B；Wherein, the micro member in every gram of natural plants growth regulator A
Cellulose content is as follows：The μ g of iron 6.185, the μ g of manganese 4.097, the μ g of magnesium 68.2, the μ g of potassium 482, the μ g of sodium 64.2, the μ g of calcium 89.05, the μ g of zinc 5.081
With the μ g of phosphorus 25；
Micronutrient levels in every gram of natural plants growth regulator B is as follows：The μ g of iron 5.973, the μ g of manganese 4.134,
The μ g of magnesium 54.8, the μ g of potassium 537, the μ g of sodium 63.5, calcium 92.60 μ g, the μ g of zinc 5.151 and the μ g of phosphorus 24.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of natural plants growth regulator of the present invention, the natural plants growth regulator
A and natural plants growth regulator B moisture≤5%.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned natural plants growth regulator,
Wherein, the preparation method of the natural plants growth regulator A comprises the following steps：
(1) it is made powdered after the melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin drying in the shade, adds 8~10 times of water and flowed back at 100 DEG C and carries
Take 3 hours, be filtrated to get filtrate；Filtrate is extracted repeatedly 2~4 times, merging filtrate；
(2) filtrate after step (1) is merged carries out being concentrated under reduced pressure to give coarse extract, and the pressure being concentrated under reduced pressure is 7
~10ka, temperature are 50~60 DEG C；
(3) coarse extract obtained by step (2) is dissolved into suspension with water, adds volume ratio as 1:1~3 petroleum ether enters
Row extraction, remove lipophilic contaminant and obtain medicinal extract；
(4) it is 1 that volume ratio is added into medicinal extract obtained by step (3):1~3 ethyl acetate carries out extraction 3~5 times, merges
Acetic acid ethyl acetate extract, it is concentrated under reduced pressure to give ethyl acetate extract；
(5) add water into ethyl acetate extract obtained by step (4) to be dissolved, through drying, obtained powder is natural
Plant growth regulator A.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of natural plants growth regulator A of the present invention preparation method, in step (5),
The drying is spray drying, and condition is：170~190 DEG C of EAT, 80~90 DEG C of leaving air temp, aspiration pressure 40MPa.
Present invention selection spray drying, can cause active small molecular compound to disperse drying, in uniform microgranular.
Natural plants growth regulator B of the present invention preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) it is made powdered after the melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin drying in the shade, adds 8~10 times of 70% ethanol at 80 DEG C next time
Stream extraction 3 hours, is filtrated to get filtrate；Filtrate is extracted repeatedly 2~4 times, merging filtrate；
(2) filtrate after step (1) is merged carries out being concentrated under reduced pressure to give coarse extract, and the pressure being concentrated under reduced pressure is 7
~10ka, temperature are 50~60 DEG C；
(3) coarse extract obtained by step (2) is dissolved into suspension with water, adds volume ratio as 1:1~3 petroleum ether enters
Row extraction, remove lipophilic contaminant and obtain medicinal extract；
(4) it is 1 that volume ratio is added into medicinal extract obtained by step (3):1~3 ethyl acetate carries out extraction 3~5 times, merges
Acetic acid ethyl acetate extract, it is concentrated under reduced pressure to give ethyl acetate extract；
(5) add water into ethyl acetate extract obtained by step (4) to be dissolved, through drying, obtained powder is natural
Plant growth regulator B.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of natural plants growth regulator B of the present invention preparation method, in step (5),
The drying is freeze-drying, and condition is：- 20~-50 DEG C of precooling temperature, 15~30h of precooling time, 4~107Pa's
Decompression is lower to carry out heat supply, and the temperature that natural plants growth regulator B is obtained after the completion of freeze-drying is less than 30 DEG C.The present invention adopts
With freeze-drying, having will not cause the structure of active small molecular not to be damaged, the advantages of protecting its bioactivity.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, present invention also offers above-mentioned natural plants growth regulator to promote plant life
Application in long and/or volume increase.
When natural plants growth regulator of the present invention is used to promote in plant growth and/or volume increase, the natural plants
The application method of growth regulator is as follows：The natural plants growth regulator A is watered 1:300~500 times of dilutions, then spray
Spill on plant；
Or
The natural plants growth regulator B is watered 1:500~1000 times of dilutions, are then sprayed on plant.
Relative to prior art, the invention has the advantages that and beneficial effect：
(1) natural plants growth regulator of the present invention by a pure natural plant kind of watermelon melon pulp and melon skin for raw material extract and
Into, the material without chemical synthesis, have the advantages that to have no toxic side effect, property is stable, safe and reliable, non agricultural chemical residuum problem；
(2) natural plants growth regulator active constituent content of the present invention is high, and preparation method is simple and easy, production cost
It is low, it is steady quality, easily controllable；
(3) natural plants growth regulator of the present invention be used in radish hypocotyl experiment in, be remarkably improved Radish cotyledon weight,
Hypocotyl diameter and hypocotyl length；Natural plants growth regulator is sprayed during Wheat Production obvious increasing to wheat
Effect is produced, and natural plants growth regulator A and B is respectively 17.28% and 19.90% to the rate of growth of wheat；Given birth in rice
Natural plants growth regulator is sprayed during production also obvious effect of increasing production, and natural plants growth regulator A to rice
It is respectively 14.71% and 16.27% to the rate of growth of rice with B, shows that natural plants growth regulator of the present invention is given birth to plant
With obvious facilitation, it can apply to be used for coordinate plant growth in agricultural, have a good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is influence schematic diagrames of the natural plants growth regulator B of various concentrations to Radish cotyledon weight.
Fig. 2 is influence schematic diagrames of the natural plants growth regulator B to radish hypocotyl diameter of various concentrations.
Fig. 3 is influence schematic diagrames of the natural plants growth regulator B of various concentrations to radish hypocotyl length.
Fig. 4 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to Plant Height in Wheat.
Fig. 5 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to wheat spike length.
Fig. 6 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to wheat mu spike number.
Fig. 7 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to wheat individual plant Ear weight.
Fig. 8 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to wheat individual plant grain number per spike.
Fig. 9 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to thousand grain weight of wheat.
Figure 10 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to wheat yield.
Figure 11 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to Plant Height of Rice.
Figure 12 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to spike length of rice.
Figure 13 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to rice tillering number.
Figure 14 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to rice number of productive ear.
Figure 15 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to the total grain number of Rice Panicle.
Figure 16 is natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to Rice Panicle blighted grain number and the influence schematic diagram of sterile grain rate.
Figure 17 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to rice mass of 1000 kernel.
Figure 18 is influence schematic diagram of the natural plants growth regulator of the present invention to rice yield.
Embodiment
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantageous effects become apparent from, with reference to embodiments, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the embodiment described in this specification is just for the sake of this hair of explanation
Bright, being not intended to limit the present invention, the parameter of embodiment, ratio etc. can suit measures to local conditions to make a choice and have no substance to result
Influence.
Embodiment 1
Prepare natural plants growth regulator A：
1) melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin are dried in the shade, is processed into powdered, added 9 times of water backflow is carried out at 100 DEG C and carry
Take, extraction time is 3 hours, is filtrated to get filtrate；Extract 3 times repeatedly, collect extract solution, merging filtrate.
2) filtrate after merging is carried out on a rotary evaporator being concentrated under reduced pressure to give coarse extract, the pressure being concentrated under reduced pressure is
8kPa, temperature are 55 DEG C.
3) coarse extract is dissolved with water, is allowed into suspension, add volume ratio 1:2 petroleum ether is extracted, and is removed
Lipophilic contaminant obtains medicinal extract.
4) volume ratio 1 is added into medicinal extract:2 ethyl acetate is extracted, and is extracted 4 times, combined ethyl acetate extract,
It is concentrated under reduced pressure to give ethyl acetate extract.
5) add appropriate water into ethyl acetate extract to be dissolved, spray-dried tower mist-jet machining extracts into a kind of watermelon
Thing powder.The process conditions of spray drying are：180 DEG C of EAT, 85 DEG C of leaving air temp, aspiration pressure 40Mpa.Obtain
Natural plants growth regulator A aqueous powder content≤5%.
Embodiment 2
Prepare natural plants growth regulator B：
1) melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin are dried in the shade, is processed into powdered, added 9 times of 70% ethanol and returned at 80 DEG C
Stream extraction, extraction time are 3 hours, are filtrated to get filtrate；Extract 3 times repeatedly, collect extract solution, merging filtrate.
2) filtrate after merging is carried out on a rotary evaporator being concentrated under reduced pressure to give coarse extract, the pressure being concentrated under reduced pressure is
8kPa, temperature are 55 DEG C.
3) coarse extract is dissolved with water, is allowed into suspension, add volume ratio 1:2 petroleum ether is extracted, and is removed
Lipophilic contaminant obtains medicinal extract.
4) volume ratio 1 is added into medicinal extract:2 ethyl acetate is extracted, and is extracted 4 times, combined ethyl acetate extract,
It is concentrated under reduced pressure to give ethyl acetate extract.
5) appropriate water is added into ethyl acetate extract to be dissolved, it is freeze-dried to be processed into kind of watermelon extract powder
End.The process conditions of freeze-drying are：Precooling temperature is -35 DEG C, and the precooling time is 20h, is carried out under 50Pa decompression
Heat supply so that it is less than 30 DEG C to dry product temperature when completing.Obtained natural plants growth regulator B aqueous powder contents
≤ 5%.
The trace element analysis of the natural plants growth regulator of embodiment 3
The trace element of natural plants growth regulator A and natural plants growth regulator B obtained by Examples 1 and 2 point
Analysis is using state's calibration method measure.Iron：By GB 5009.90《The measure of national food safety standard iron in food》Method
Measure；Magnesium：By GB 5009.241《The measure of magnesium in national food safety standard food》Method measure；Manganese：By GB
5009.242《The measure of manganese in national food safety standard food》Method measure；Copper：By GB 5009.13《Food security state
Cupper determination in family's standard food》Method measure；Potassium, sodium：By GB 5009.91《Potassium in national food safety standard food,
The measure of sodium》Method measure；Calcium：By GB 5009.92《The measure of national food safety standard Calcium In Food》Method survey
It is fixed；Zinc：GB 5009.14《The measure of national food safety standard Zinc in Foods》Method measure；Selenium：GB 5009.93《Food
The measure of safe national standard selenium in food》Method measure；Phosphorus：GB 5009.87《National food safety standard phosphorus in food
Measure》Method measure.
Normative document cited above, its latest edition are applied to this patent.
The Trace Elements measured such as table 1.
Table 1
Influence of the natural plants growth regulator of embodiment 4 to radish hypocotyl growth
1) the surface of the seed sterilization and seed soaking：Radish seed is taken, is dipped in 0.4% KMnO410min is sterilized in solution, rear steaming
Distilled water is rinsed 6-7 times, and the seed rinsed is immersed in into 12h in distilled water.
2) seed is sprouted：Take out seed to outwell distilled water, seed is uniformly placed in and is covered with cotton and double-deck moistening
In the rectangular plastic magazine (10cm × 20cm) of gauze, box is then placed on culture 72h in incubator (dark, 25 DEG C), made
Seed is sprouted, and remains that gauze moistens.
3) sample preparation：Natural plants growth regulator B made from embodiment 2 is configured to 5 different concentration
0.008、0.004、0.002、0.001、0.0005g/mL。
4) material process：When seed is sprouted to hypocotyl 3cm or so (48~72h), the cotyledon of radish seedling is cut,
Ten one group is weighed；Slided again with blade and cut hypocotyl close to cotyledon and grow to 1.2cm；Measure plumular axis mid diameter.It will handle well
Plumular axis and cotyledon be put into the culture dish equipped with 10mL samples, cover ware lid.Every kind of each 10 of material in per ware, each processing
10 repetitions, clear water are negative control.Culture dish is placed on dark culturing 72h in 25 DEG C of incubators.
5) result statistics and data processing：
After culture terminates, each plumular axis length and diameter in culture dish are measured one by one, after sucking cotyledon surface moisture, are surveyed
The gross weight of cotyledon in fixed each culture dish.
M ' and m " is respectively to handle cotyledon weight (g) with clear water before culture after cultivating；D ' and d " is respectively after cultivating and trained
Clear water processing hypocotyl diameter (cm) before supporting；L ' and l " is respectively to handle hypocotyl length (cm) with clear water before culture after cultivating.
m1And m2Various concentrations natural plants growth regulator B handles cotyledon weight (g) after respectively cultivating and before culture；
d1And d2Natural plant growth regulator B handles hypocotyl diameter (cm) after respectively cultivating and before culture；l1And l2Respectively train
Various concentrations natural plants growth regulator B handles hypocotyl length (cm) after supporting and before culture.
6) result and analysis：
With natural plants growth regulator B and the clear water control (CK) of various concentrations for abscissa, increased with Radish cotyledon weight
Long rate, hypocotyl diameter growth rate and hypocotyl length growth rate are ordinate, draw corresponding histogram respectively, and CK increases in figure
Long rate is 100% (referring to Fig. 1~3).
As shown in Figure 1, the cotyledon weight growth rate of various concentrations natural plants growth regulator B processing and clear water are to photograph
Than, significant difference, minimum two concentration 0.0005 and 0.001g/mL are to Radish cotyledon weight without obvious increasing action；When dense
Spend for 0.002g/mL when, its promote cotyledon growth effect with clear water compare compared with there were significant differences, cotyledon weight growth rate
For 118%；When concentration is 0.004,0.008g/mL, it promotes the effect of cotyledon growth more notable, cotyledon weight growth rate
Respectively 126% and 131%.
As shown in Figure 2, the hypocotyl diameter growth rate of various concentrations natural plants growth regulator B processing compares with clear water
Compare, high concentration suppression occurs in effect.When concentration is 0.002g/mL, its effect for promoting hypocotyl diameter to increase reaches
To maximum, growth rate 136%；But its facilitation increased to hypocotyl diameter has declined with the rise of concentration,
When concentration is 0.008g/mL, it acts on the effect almost put down in clear water.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that the hypocotyl length growth rate of various concentrations natural plants growth regulator B processing compares with clear water
Compare, significant difference, minimum two concentration 0.0005 and 0.001g/mL are to radish hypocotyl length without obvious increasing action；
When concentration is 0.002g/mL, it promotes the effect of hypocotyl length growth to have with gibberellin phase compared with clear water compares
Significant difference, hypocotyl length growth rate are 117%；When concentration is 0.004,0.008g/mL, it promotes hypocotyl length life
Long effect is more notable, and hypocotyl length growth rate is respectively 128% and 133%.
It can be seen from the present embodiment result, natural plants growth regulator B of the present invention has obvious promotion to plant growth
Effect, and show that its optimal use concentration is 0.002g/mL, i.e., plant growth regulator B powder is diluted into 500 times of uses.
Influence of the natural plants growth regulator of embodiment 5 to wheat yield and element
1) experimental field overview：Experimental plot is located in the academy of agricultural sciences of Ningxia peaceful wheat experimental field, 5 mu of the gross area, experimental plot area
405m2, the field management in the experimental plot is Routine Management.
2) packet design：This experiment sets 3 processing, 3 repetitions.Processing 1：Given birth to using natural plants made from embodiment 1
Long conditioning agent A, 100g/ mus, dilute 400 times of uses；Processing 2：Using natural plants growth regulator B made from embodiment 2,
100g/ mus, dilute 400 times of uses；Processing 3：Clear water.
3) small Division：Each processing cell is divided by the requirement of packet design, if 3 repetitions, random district's groups arrangement, per small
Area area 45m2, experimental field around set 1m protection rows.
4) insecticide spraying time：Wheat is turned green, the jointing stage carries out 2 medications altogether.
5) result counts：5~10d after wheat flower, 25 single stems are randomly selected per cell, indoor measurement plant height, stem be thick,
Spike length etc..1m sample sections are taken per cell before harvest, are uprooted back, cut number spike number after root, pack weighs dry weight (sample section biology after drying
Learn yield), extrapolate unit area biological yield；Seed weight is weighed after sample threshing, calculates hectare spike number and number of grain per ear.
Mass of 1000 kernel is weighed after being sampled from cell seed and obtained.
6) result and analysis：
Compared with processing 3 is without using growth regulator, processing 1,2 has used the mu of the wheat of natural plants growth regulation
Spike number, individual plant Ear weight, individual plant grain number per spike, mass of 1000 kernel, yield have increase；And make wheat using natural plants growth regulation
Plant height and spike length are slightly increased but with compareing no significant difference.Comprehensive analysis Fig. 4~10 understand that natural plants growth of the present invention is adjusted
Section agent A and B dramatically increases to the yield of wheat, natural plants growth regulation can be used as to be used in agricultural.
Natural plants growth regulator (processing 1 and 2) is sprayed compared with clear water compares (CK), is grown and adjusted using natural plants
The Plant Height in Wheat for saving agent A and B distinguishes high by 0.3,0.1cm (referring to Fig. 4) compared with CK；Spike length grows 0.09,0.11cm respectively compared with CK (please
Referring to Fig. 5).Illustrate that natural plants growth regulator A and B have the function that to improve plant strain growth height, increase spike length length, table
Growth of the right plant growth regulator to wheat will have facilitation tomorrow.
Spray more than the wheat mu spike number that natural plants growth regulator A and B compares than clear water 1.7 and 2.0 ten thousand fringes/mu (please
Referring to Fig. 6)；The Ear weight of wheat individual plant 0.16 and 0.18g (referring to Fig. 7) more than CK；Wheat individual plant grain number per spike is 0.3 more than CK
With 0.7 (referring to Fig. 8)；The thousand grain weight of wheat of natural plants growth regulator A and B processing is respectively 48.58 and 49.64,
And the thousand grain weight of wheat of clear water control treatment is 42.87.What wherein thousand grain weight of wheat was most heavy is at natural plants growth regulator B
Reason, next to that natural plants growth regulator A processing, increase by 15.79%, 13.32% (referring to Fig. 9) than CK respectively.
The mu spike number of the wheat of natural plants growth regulator processing, individual plant Ear weight, individual plant grain number per spike, mass of 1000 kernel all have substantially compared with CK
Increase, show the effect that natural plants growth regulator is improved to the yield of wheat.
From fig. 10 it can be seen that wheat yield highest is sprays natural plants growth regulator B, it is 458kg/667m2,
Increase production 76kg/667m compared with CK2, rate of growth 19.90%；And natural plants growth regulator A is sprayed, it is 448kg/667m2, compared with
CK increases production 66kg/667m2, rate of growth 17.28%.From the point of view of above yield effect of increasing production, sprayed in Wheat Production natural
Plant growth regulator makes wheat increase yield significant effect, and wherein natural plants growth regulator B effect is more prominent, therefore this
Embodiment proves that the natural plants growth regulator for spraying Examples 1 and 2 has obvious facilitation to plant growth, can be with
It is applied to as natural plants growth regulation in agricultural.
Influence of the natural plants growth regulator of embodiment 6 to paddy growth
1) experimental field overview：Experimental plot is located at Ningxia academy of agricultural sciences Yinchuan rice test base, 3 mu of the gross area, experimental plot face
Product 180m2, the field management in the experimental plot is Routine Management.
2) packet design：This experiment sets 3 processing, 3 repetitions.Processing 1：Given birth to using natural plants made from embodiment 1
Long conditioning agent A, 100g/ mus, dilute 400 times of uses；Processing 2：Using natural plants growth regulator B made from embodiment 2,
100g/ mus, dilute 400 times of uses；Processing 3：Clear water.
3) small Division：Each processing cell is divided by the requirement of packet design, if 3 repetitions, random district's groups arrangement, per small
Area area 20m2, experimental field around set 1m protection rows.
4) insecticide spraying time：In rice striking root phase, jointing stage and tillering stage each medication once, 2 medications are carried out altogether.
5) result and analysis：
Compared with processing 1 is without using growth regulator, processing 2,3 has used having for the rice of natural plants growth regulation
Effect spike number, total grain panicle number, mass of 1000 kernel, yield dramatically increase；And using natural plants growth regulation make Rice Panicle blighted grain number,
Sterile grain rate has been reduced, and the plant height of rice, spike length, tiller number is slightly increased but with compareing no significant difference.Comprehensive analysis figure
11~18 understand that natural plants growth regulator A and B dramatically increases to the yield of rice.
Natural plants growth regulator (processing 1 and 2) is sprayed compared with clear water compares (CK), blade depth and blade thickness, and
And distinguish high by 0.1,0.3cm (referring to Figure 11) compared with CK using natural plants growth regulator A and B Plant Height of Rice；Spike length compared with
CK grows 0.1,0.3cm (referring to Figure 12) respectively；Tiller number is more 0.1,0.2 (referring to Figure 13) respectively compared with CK.Illustrate natural
Plant growth regulator A and B, which have, improves plant strain growth height, increase vane thickness, increases the effect of spike length length.Its reclaimed water
Rice tillering ability is an important agronomic shape, and the power of tillering ability is directly connected to the quality and quantity of number of productive ear, so as to shadow
The yield to rice is rung, trend is improved to the tiller number of rice using natural plants growth regulator, shows that natural plants are given birth to
The effect that long conditioning agent is improved to the yield of rice.
Rice grain number per spike：Spray more than the number of productive ear that natural plants growth regulator A and B compares than clear water 24 and 27/
m2(referring to Figure 14)；Total grain number of every fringe 4 and 5/fringe (referring to Figure 15) more than CK；Natural plants growth regulator A and B
The sterile grain rate of processing is respectively 6.72% and 6.32%, and the sterile grain rate of clear water control treatment is 7.62%.Wherein sterile grain rate is most
Few is natural plants growth regulator B processing, next to that natural plants growth regulator A processing, it is fewer than CK respectively
1.30%th, 0.90% (referring to Figure 16).Rice number of productive ear, the total grain panicle number of natural plants growth regulator processing are all CK
There is obvious increase, and sterile grain rate also has obvious reduction compared with CK, shows that natural plants growth regulator has to the yield of rice
The effect of raising.
Rice mass of 1000 kernel：As can be seen from Figure 17, the thousand of rice can be significantly improved by spraying natural plants growth regulator
Grain weight.The mass of 1000 kernel for spraying natural plants growth regulator A is 25.9g, 1.7g high compared with CK；Spray natural plants growth regulator
B mass of 1000 kernel is 26.3g, 2.1g high compared with CK.Show the effect that natural plants growth regulator is improved to the yield of rice.
Rice yield：As can be seen from Figure 18, rice yield highest is to spray natural plants growth regulator B
593kg/667m2, increase production 83kg/667m compared with CK2, rate of growth 16.27%；And natural plants growth regulator A is sprayed, it is
585kg/667m2, increase production 75kg/667m compared with CK2, rate of growth 14.71%.From the point of view of above yield effect of increasing production, given birth in rice
Natural plants growth regulator is sprayed in production makes increasing production of rice significant effect, wherein natural plants growth regulator B effect more
For protrusion, therefore this example demonstrates that, spray natural plants growth regulator made from Examples 1 and 2 have to plant growth it is bright
Aobvious facilitation, natural plants growth regulation can be used as to be applied in agricultural.
The announcement and teaching of book according to the above description, those skilled in the art in the invention can also be to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula carries out appropriate change and modification.Therefore, the invention is not limited in embodiment disclosed and described above, to this
Some modifications and changes of invention should also be as falling into the scope of the claims of the present invention.In addition, although this specification
In used some specific terms, but these terms are merely for convenience of description, do not form any restrictions to the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of natural plants growth regulator A preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) it is made powdered after the melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin drying in the shade, it is small adds 8~10 times of the water refluxing extraction 3 at 100 DEG C
When, it is filtrated to get filtrate；Filtrate is extracted repeatedly 2~4 times, merging filtrate；
(2) filtrate after step (1) is merged be concentrated under reduced pressure to give coarse extract, and the pressure being concentrated under reduced pressure is 7~
10ka, temperature are 50~60 DEG C；
(3) coarse extract obtained by step (2) is dissolved into suspension with water, adds volume ratio as 1:1~3 petroleum ether is extracted
Take, remove lipophilic contaminant and obtain medicinal extract；
(4) it is 1 that volume ratio is added into medicinal extract obtained by step (3):1~3 ethyl acetate carries out extraction 3~5 times, merges acetic acid
Ethyl ester extract, is concentrated under reduced pressure to give ethyl acetate extract；
(5) water being added into ethyl acetate extract obtained by step (4) to be dissolved, being dried, obtained powder is given birth to for natural plants
Long conditioning agent A.
2. natural plants growth regulator A according to claim 1 preparation method, it is characterised in that in step (5),
The drying is spray drying, and condition is：170~190 DEG C of EAT, 80~90 DEG C of leaving air temp, aspiration pressure 40MPa.
3. a kind of natural plants growth regulator B preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) it is made powdered after the melon pulp of a kind of watermelon and melon skin drying in the shade, adds 8~10 times of 70% ethanol and flowed back at 80 DEG C and carries
Take 3 hours, be filtrated to get filtrate；Filtrate is extracted repeatedly 2~4 times, merging filtrate；
(2) filtrate after step (1) is merged be concentrated under reduced pressure to give coarse extract, and the pressure being concentrated under reduced pressure is 7~
10ka, temperature are 50~60 DEG C；
(3) coarse extract obtained by step (2) is dissolved into suspension with water, adds volume ratio as 1:1~3 petroleum ether is extracted
Take, remove lipophilic contaminant and obtain medicinal extract；
(4) it is 1 that volume ratio is added into medicinal extract obtained by step (3):1~3 ethyl acetate carries out extraction 3~5 times, merges acetic acid
Ethyl ester extract, is concentrated under reduced pressure to give ethyl acetate extract；
(5) water being added into ethyl acetate extract obtained by step (4) to be dissolved, being dried, obtained powder is given birth to for natural plants
Long conditioning agent B.
4. natural plants growth regulator B according to claim 2 preparation method, it is characterised in that in step (5),
The drying is freeze-drying, and condition is：- 20~-50 DEG C of precooling temperature, 15~30h of precooling time, 4~107Pa's
Decompression is lower to carry out heat supply, and the temperature that natural plants growth regulator B is obtained after the completion of freeze-drying is less than 30 DEG C.
5. a kind of natural plants growth regulator, it is characterised in that grow and adjust including the natural plants described in claim 1 or 2
Save agent A and the natural plants growth regulator B described in claim 3 or 4.
6. natural plants growth regulator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the natural plants growth regulator
A and natural plants growth regulator B moisture≤5%.
7. natural plants growth regulator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that every gram of natural plants growth is adjusted
The micronutrient levels saved in agent A is as follows：The μ g of iron 6.185, the μ g of manganese 4.097, the μ g of magnesium 68.2, the μ g of potassium 482, the μ g of sodium 64.2, calcium
89.05 μ g, the μ g of zinc 5.081 and the μ g of phosphorus 25；
Micronutrient levels in every gram of natural plants growth regulator B is as follows：The μ g of iron 5.973, the μ g of manganese 4.134, magnesium
54.8 μ g, the μ g of potassium 537, the μ g of sodium 63.5, calcium 92.60 μ g, the μ g of zinc 5.151 and the μ g of phosphorus 24.
8. application of the natural plants growth regulator described in claim 5 in plant growth and/or volume increase is promoted.
9. the application of natural plants growth regulator according to claim 8, it is characterised in that grow the natural plants
Conditioning agent A is watered 1:300~500 times of dilutions, are then sprayed on plant；
Or
The natural plants growth regulator B is watered 1:500~1000 times of dilutions, are then sprayed on plant.
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| CN104622938A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-05-20 | 石河子大学 | Citrullus lanatus.convar megulaspemus (L.) skin extract and medical application and preparation method of composition |
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