CN107494127A - A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107494127A CN107494127A CN201710762653.7A CN201710762653A CN107494127A CN 107494127 A CN107494127 A CN 107494127A CN 201710762653 A CN201710762653 A CN 201710762653A CN 107494127 A CN107494127 A CN 107494127A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/32—Ranunculaceae [Buttercup family], e.g. hepatica, hydrastis or goldenseal
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of butter fruit, comprise the following steps：S1, site preparation selection of land；S2, nursery；S3, transplanting；S4, management.Present invention reduces the disease incidence of butter fruit, the quality of butter fruit is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of butter fruit.
Background technology
Butter fruit (Butyrospermum parkii Kotschy), deciduous tree, high 10-15 rice, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground reach 1-1.5
Rice；Tree crown is carried out, and branch is more and close, and stem branch is sturdy, more plethoras, often there is buckling phenomenon；Bark is thick, irregular cracking, has milk.
Leaf Long Circle, tip is round or blunt, and base portion is round or blunt, when young above by rust pubescence, rear two sides is hairless, and middle arteries are above in recessed
Groove, below it is perfectly round and very raised, lateral vein 30 is parallel to each other, two sides is slightly raised, and net vein is thin to the above；Petiole is circular.Bennet quilt
Rust pubescence；Calyx lobes lanceolar, outside hair；Flower has fragrant and sweet taste, and corolla lobe is avette, full edge.Berry is spherical, diameter 3-
It is 4 centimetres, edible, taste such as persimmon；Seed oval, yellowish-brown, have gloss, the life of scar side, Long Circle.June at florescence, fruiting period 10
Month.It is widely distributed in the African torrid zone.Chinese yunnan Yuanjiang River, which introduces a fine variety station, commerial growing.Benevolence is eaten rich in fat, to be important
Oily and important work mining oil, again can margarine and soap processed.The fruit of butter fruit is a kind of very high fruit of nutritive value,
Containing the element such as multivitamin, abundant aliphatic acid and the sodium of protein and high content, potassium, magnesium, calcium, nutritive value can be with cream
Match in excellence or beauty, or even have the laudatory title of " forest cream ", eaten generally as fruit, can also be made as dish and can.Butter fruit has
There is the effect of antioxidant and anti-aging, chest enlarge, protection liver, beauty, alleviation diabetes, protection uterus health and infant supplemental food to make
With.
But often pest and disease damage incidence is high in existing planting process, causes butter fruit quality low.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of butter fruit, to improve butter fruit quality and
Reduce disease incidence.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit, comprise the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Selection soil layer is deep, draining is good, is used as plantation rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous
Ground；Kind of a planting ditch is excavated, 80~100cm of the plantation furrow width, deep 80~110cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 4~5m；Into kind of planting ditch
Every mu is applied 100~300kg of quick lime, 2000~3000kg of 1200~2500kg of sweet wormwood, 1300~2000kg of argy wormwood and base manure, is returned
Banketed 10~15cm of earth, and trace irrigation pipe is laid in kind of planting ditch.Sweet wormwood and argy wormwood are dry product in the present invention, and weight is dry
Weight；Trace irrigation pipe can supply water on demand, save water resource.
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 50~80cm, main root is wiped out into seedling taking-up in 3~May and dips microorganism
Bacterium solution, then transplanted by 4~6m of spacing in the rows to kind planting ditch, irrigate root water；
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 8~15kg, is applied for every mu in July
50~80kg of azophoska, the N P and K weight ratio of the azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied 60~100kg of azophoska, the N P and K
The N P and K weight ratio of fertilizer is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；
3rd year, apply 100~230kg of calcium magnesium phosphate for every mu in April, spray dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution in July, spray to leaf
Face dropping liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 0.5%~2% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, 150~260kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied for every mu in March, applied every mu of April azophoska 80~
120kg, the N P and K weight ratio of the azophoska is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of 2700~3900kg of basal dressing；
Since Second Year, annual July fills to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial inoculum, and every plant of amount of application is 100mL；
After butter fruit is born fruit, Chinese medical extract is sprayed to butter fruit plant in fruit expanding period to maturity period, spray to
Blade face dropping liquid, interval spray once, sprayed 3~8 times for 10~15 days.
During whole management, watered according to soil moisture content.
In the implantation methods of butter fruit provided by the invention, it is preferable that step S2 nursery is graft seedling growth, specific step
It is rapid as follows：It is stock to select black apple, selects butter fruit one to biennial branch best in quality, that growth is strong to make scion；In anvil
The upper end of stock is cut off at wooden liftoff 10~20cm, stock is cleaved into " V " shape graft union, graft union first uses distilled water flushing,
Again indolebutyric acid solution is sprayed to graft union；The lower end of scion is whittled into wedge shape, soaked 1~3 minute in indoles fourth solution；Will
Stock grafting mouth is inserted in scion, and the forming layer of scion aligns with the forming layer of stock；The concentration of the indolebutyric acid be 0.1~
1mg/L.Black apple (Planchonella obovata (R.Br.) Pierre) is Sapotaceae, black apple platymiscium, has root system hair
Reach, strong stress resistance the advantages of.
In the implantation methods of butter fruit provided by the invention, it is preferable that step S2 nursery is cuttage and seedling culture, specific step
It is rapid as follows：Select butter fruit one best in quality, that growth is strong that branch is cut into the cuttage of 20~35cm length to biennial branch
Bar, the lower end of cuttage bar is whittled into wedge shape, and cuttage bar is placed in Gibberellins solution and soaked 3~10 minutes, then by cuttage
In bar insertion sand, keep sand moist；The concentration of the Gibberellins solution is 0.1~0.5mg/L.
In the implantation methods of butter fruit provided by the invention, it is preferable that step S2 nursery is seed seedling-raising, specific step
It is rapid as follows：Butter fruit seed is placed in 1~4 DEG C of environment 1~2 month, then butter fruit seed is embedded in sand in normal temperature
Lower vernalization, butter fruit seedling grow to during 3~5cm move into seedlings nursing plate in continue nursery.
In the implantation methods of butter fruit provided by the invention, it is preferable that the microbial inoculum described in step S3 and S4
For the streptococcic mixed bacteria liquid of Bifidobacterium and intermediary, the streptococcic weight ratio of the Bifidobacterium and intermediary is Bifidobacterium:
Intermediary streptococcus=2~5:2.
In the implantation methods of butter fruit provided by the invention, it is preferable that the composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep manure, chicken
Excrement and rape cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=5~10:8~12:3~5:4~11.
In the implantation methods of butter fruit provided by the invention, it is preferable that the fertiliser containing magnesium described in step S4 is MgCl2It is molten
Liquid, its concentration are 0.5~3% (m/v).
In the implantation methods of butter fruit provided by the invention, it is preferable that Chinese medical extract described in step S4 by with
The raw material of lower parts by weight, which adds water to cook, to be made：20~63 parts of rheum officinale, 30~52 parts of climbing groundsel, 17~38 parts of monkshood, peppermint 15
~36 parts and 18~40 parts of cordate houttuynia.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, due to wiping out main root when butter fruit is transplanted, the growth of lateral root is promoted, accelerates ox
The growth of oily fruit；When butter fruit is transplanted and since Second Year, the year July filled to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial bacteria
Liquid, significantly reduce the incidence of tail spore spot disease；After butter fruit is born fruit, in fruit expanding period to maturity period to butter fruit plant
Chinese medical extract is sprayed, significantly reduces anthracnose and the incidence of shot hole.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described further below.Herein it should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but does not form limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
As long as involved technical characteristic does not form conflict can and is mutually combined each other in each embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit are present embodiments provided, are comprised the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Selection soil layer is deep, draining is good, is used as plantation rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous
Ground；Kind of a planting ditch is excavated, plantation furrow width 80cm, deep 110cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 4m；Quick lime is applied into kind of planting ditch for every mu
300kg, sweet wormwood 1200kg, argy wormwood 2000kg and base manure 2000kg, soil 10cm is backfilled, trace is laid in kind of planting ditch and is irrigated
Pipe；
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；The nursery is graft seedling growth, is comprised the following steps that：Selection
Black apple is stock, selects butter fruit one to biennial branch best in quality, that growth is strong to make scion；At the liftoff 10cm of stock
The upper end of stock is cut off, stock is cleaved into " V " shape graft union, graft union first uses distilled water flushing, then sprays indoles to graft union
Butyric acid solution；The lower end of scion is whittled into wedge shape, soaked 1 minute in indoles fourth solution；Stock grafting mouth is inserted into scion,
The forming layer of scion aligns with the forming layer of stock；The concentration of the indolebutyric acid is 1mg/L.
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 50cm, main root is wiped out into seedling taking-up in March and dips microbial inoculum, then
Transplanted by spacing in the rows 4m to kind planting ditch, irrigate root water；The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic Mixed Microbes of Bifidobacterium and intermediary
Liquid, the streptococcic mass ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary are Bifidobacterium:Intermediary streptococcus=5:2.
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 15kg, and nitrogen phosphorus is applied for every mu in July
Potash fertilizer 50kg, the N P and K weight ratio of azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied azophoska 100kg, the nitrogen phosphorus of azophoska
Potassium weight ratio is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；The fertiliser containing magnesium is
MgCl2Solution, its concentration are 0.5% (m/v).
3rd year, apply calcium magnesium phosphate 230kg for every mu in April, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in July, spray to blade face and drip
Liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 2% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, calcium magnesium phosphate 150kg is applied for every mu in March, applies azophoska 120kg for every mu in April, the nitrogen phosphorus
The N P and K weight ratio of potash fertilizer is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of basal dressing 3900kg；The composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep manure, chicken manure and vegetable seed
Cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=10:8:3:11.
Since Second Year, annual July fills to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial inoculum, and every plant of amount of application is 100mL；
The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic mixed bacteria liquid of Bifidobacterium and intermediary, and the streptococcic weight ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is double
Discrimination bacillus:Intermediary streptococcus=3:2.
After butter fruit is born fruit, Chinese medical extract is sprayed to butter fruit plant in fruit expanding period to maturity period, spray to
Blade face dropping liquid, interval spray once, sprayed 3 times for 15 days.The Chinese medical extract is by the raw material of the following parts by weight system of adding water to cook
Into：40 parts of 20 parts of rheum officinale, 52 parts of climbing groundsel, 17 parts of monkshood, 15 parts of peppermint and cordate houttuynia.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit are present embodiments provided, are comprised the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Selection soil layer is deep, draining is good, is used as plantation rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous
Ground；Kind of a planting ditch is excavated, plantation furrow width 100cm, deep 80cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 5m；Quick lime is applied into kind of planting ditch for every mu
100kg, sweet wormwood 2500kg, argy wormwood 1300kg and base manure 3000kg, soil 15cm is backfilled, trace is laid in kind of planting ditch and is irrigated
Pipe；
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；The nursery is cuttage and seedling culture, is comprised the following steps that：Selection
Best in quality, the strong butter fruit one of growth to biennial branch, branch is cut into the cuttage bar of 35cm length, by under cuttage bar
End is whittled into wedge shape, and cuttage bar is placed in Gibberellins solution and soaked 3 minutes, then inserts in sand cuttage bar, keeps sand
It is native moist；The concentration of the Gibberellins solution is 0.1mg/L.
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 80cm, main root is wiped out into seedling taking-up in May and dips microbial inoculum, then
Transplanted by spacing in the rows 6m to kind planting ditch, irrigate root water；The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic Mixed Microbes of Bifidobacterium and intermediary
Liquid, the streptococcic weight ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is Bifidobacterium:Intermediary streptococcus=3:2.
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 8kg, and nitrogen phosphorus is applied for every mu in July
Potash fertilizer 80kg, the N P and K weight ratio of azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied azophoska 60kg, the nitrogen phosphorus of azophoska
Potassium weight ratio is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；The fertiliser containing magnesium is
MgCl2Solution, its concentration are 3% (m/v).
3rd year, apply calcium magnesium phosphate 100kg for every mu in April, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in July, spray to blade face and drip
Liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 0.5% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, calcium magnesium phosphate 260kg is applied for every mu in March, applies azophoska 80kg for every mu in April, the nitrogen phosphorus
The N P and K weight ratio of potash fertilizer is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of basal dressing 2700kg；The composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep manure, chicken manure and vegetable seed
Cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=5:8:5:11.
Since Second Year, annual July fills to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial inoculum, and every plant of amount of application is 100mL；
The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic mixed bacteria liquid of Bifidobacterium and intermediary, and the streptococcic weight ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is double
Discrimination bacillus:Intermediary streptococcus=1:1.
After butter fruit is born fruit, Chinese medical extract is sprayed to butter fruit plant in fruit expanding period to maturity period, spray to
Blade face dropping liquid, interval spray once, sprayed 8 times for 10 days.The Chinese medical extract is by the raw material of the following parts by weight system of adding water to cook
Into：18 parts of 63 parts of rheum officinale, 30 parts of climbing groundsel, 38 parts of monkshood, 36 parts of peppermint and cordate houttuynia.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit are present embodiments provided, are comprised the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Selection soil layer is deep, draining is good, is used as plantation rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous
Ground；Kind of a planting ditch is excavated, plantation furrow width 90cm, deep 100cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 5m；Quick lime is applied into kind of planting ditch for every mu
200kg, sweet wormwood 2000kg, argy wormwood 1500kg and base manure 2800kg, soil 12cm is backfilled, trace is laid in kind of planting ditch and is irrigated
Pipe；
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；The nursery is seed seedling-raising, is comprised the following steps that：By ox
Oily fruit seed is placed in 1 DEG C of environment 2 months, and butter fruit seed then is embedded into vernalization at normal temperatures in sand, butter fruit seedling
It is long to continue nursery to being moved into during 5cm in seedlings nursing plate.
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 60cm, main root is wiped out into seedling taking-up in April and dips microbial inoculum, then
Transplanted by spacing in the rows 5m to kind planting ditch, irrigate root water；The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic Mixed Microbes of Bifidobacterium and intermediary
Liquid, the streptococcic mass ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary are Bifidobacterium:Intermediary streptococcus=4:2.
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 10kg, and nitrogen phosphorus is applied for every mu in July
Potash fertilizer 70kg, the N P and K weight ratio of azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied azophoska 90kg, the nitrogen phosphorus of azophoska
Potassium weight ratio is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；The fertiliser containing magnesium is
MgCl2Solution, its concentration are 1% (m/v).
3rd year, apply calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg for every mu in April, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in July, spray to blade face and drip
Liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 1.2% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, calcium magnesium phosphate 210kg is applied for every mu in March, applies azophoska 95kg for every mu in April, the nitrogen phosphorus
The N P and K weight ratio of potash fertilizer is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of basal dressing 3200kg；The composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep manure, chicken manure and vegetable seed
Cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=8:12:3:5.
Since Second Year, annual July fills to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial inoculum, and every plant of amount of application is 100mL；
The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic mixed bacteria liquid of Bifidobacterium and intermediary, and the streptococcic weight ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is double
Discrimination bacillus:Intermediary streptococcus=5:2.
After butter fruit is born fruit, Chinese medical extract is sprayed to butter fruit plant in fruit expanding period to maturity period, spray to
Blade face dropping liquid, interval spray once, sprayed 5 times for 12 days.The Chinese medical extract is by the raw material of the following parts by weight system of adding water to cook
Into：30 parts of 43 parts of rheum officinale, 50 parts of climbing groundsel, 26 parts of monkshood, 19 parts of peppermint and cordate houttuynia.
Embodiment 4
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit are present embodiments provided, are comprised the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Selection soil layer is deep, draining is good, is used as plantation rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous
Ground；Kind of a planting ditch is excavated, plantation furrow width 95cm, deep 90cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 5m；Quick lime is applied into kind of planting ditch for every mu
180kg, sweet wormwood 2300kg, argy wormwood 1800kg and base manure 2200kg, soil 13cm is backfilled, trace is laid in kind of planting ditch and is irrigated
Pipe；
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；The nursery is seed seedling-raising, is comprised the following steps that：Directly
By butter fruit seed be embedded to sand in vernalization at normal temperatures, butter fruit seedling grow to during 3cm move into seedlings nursing plate in continue nursery.
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 70cm, main root is wiped out into seedling taking-up in April and dips microbial inoculum, then
Transplanted by spacing in the rows 5m to kind planting ditch, irrigate root water；The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic Mixed Microbes of Bifidobacterium and intermediary
Liquid, the streptococcic weight ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is Bifidobacterium:Intermediary streptococcus=3:2.
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 10kg, and nitrogen phosphorus is applied for every mu in July
Potash fertilizer 70kg, the N P and K weight ratio of azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied azophoska 90kg, the nitrogen phosphorus of azophoska
Potassium weight ratio is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；The fertiliser containing magnesium is
MgCl2Solution, its concentration are 1% (m/v).
3rd year, apply calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg for every mu in April, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in July, spray to blade face and drip
Liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 1.2% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, calcium magnesium phosphate 210kg is applied for every mu in March, applies azophoska 90kg for every mu in April, the nitrogen phosphorus
The N P and K weight ratio of potash fertilizer is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of basal dressing 3200kg；The composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep manure, chicken manure and vegetable seed
Cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=8:12:3:5.
Since Second Year, annual July fills to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial inoculum, and every plant of amount of application is 100mL；
The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic mixed bacteria liquid of Bifidobacterium and intermediary, and the streptococcic mass ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is double
Discrimination bacillus:Intermediary streptococcus=5:2.
After butter fruit is born fruit, Chinese medical extract is sprayed to butter fruit plant in fruit expanding period to maturity period, spray to
Blade face dropping liquid, interval spray once, sprayed 5 times for 12 days.The Chinese medical extract is by the raw material of the following parts by weight system of adding water to cook
Into：30 parts of 43 parts of rheum officinale, 50 parts of climbing groundsel, 26 parts of monkshood, 19 parts of peppermint and cordate houttuynia.
Embodiment 5
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit are present embodiments provided, are comprised the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Selection soil layer is deep, draining is good, is used as plantation rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous
Ground；Kind of a planting ditch is excavated, plantation furrow width 100cm, deep 80cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 5m；Quick lime is applied into kind of planting ditch for every mu
100kg, sweet wormwood 2500kg, argy wormwood 1300kg and base manure 3000kg, soil 15cm is backfilled, trace is laid in kind of planting ditch and is irrigated
Pipe；
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；The nursery is cuttage and seedling culture, is comprised the following steps that：Selection
Best in quality, the strong butter fruit one of growth to biennial branch, branch is cut into the cuttage bar of 35cm length, by under cuttage bar
End is whittled into wedge shape, and cuttage bar is placed in Gibberellins solution and soaked 3 minutes, then inserts in sand cuttage bar, keeps sand
It is native moist；The concentration of the Gibberellins solution is 0.1mg/L.
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 80cm, main root is wiped out into seedling taking-up in May and dips microbial inoculum, then
Transplanted by spacing in the rows 6m to kind planting ditch, irrigate root water；The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic Mixed Microbes of Bifidobacterium and intermediary
Liquid, the streptococcic weight ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is Bifidobacterium:Intermediary streptococcus=3:2.
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 8kg, and nitrogen phosphorus is applied for every mu in July
Potash fertilizer 80kg, the N P and K weight ratio of azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied azophoska 60kg, the nitrogen phosphorus of azophoska
Potassium weight ratio is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；The fertiliser containing magnesium is
MgCl2Solution, its concentration are 3% (m/v).
3rd year, apply calcium magnesium phosphate 100kg for every mu in April, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in July, spray to blade face and drip
Liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 0.5% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, calcium magnesium phosphate 260kg is applied for every mu in March, applies azophoska 80kg for every mu in April, the nitrogen phosphorus
The N P and K weight ratio of potash fertilizer is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of basal dressing 2700kg；The composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep manure, chicken manure and vegetable seed
Cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=5:8:5:11.
Since Second Year, annual July fills to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial inoculum, and every plant of amount of application is 100mL；
The microbial inoculum is the streptococcic mixed bacteria liquid of Bifidobacterium and intermediary, and the streptococcic weight ratio of Bifidobacterium and intermediary is double
Discrimination bacillus:Intermediary streptococcus=1:1.
Embodiment 6
A kind of implantation methods of butter fruit are present embodiments provided, are comprised the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Selection soil layer is deep, draining is good, is used as plantation rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous
Ground；Kind of a planting ditch is excavated, plantation furrow width 80cm, deep 110cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 4m；Quick lime is applied into kind of planting ditch for every mu
300kg, sweet wormwood 1200kg, argy wormwood 2000kg and base manure 2000kg, soil 10cm is backfilled, trace is laid in kind of planting ditch and is irrigated
Pipe；
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；The nursery is graft seedling growth, is comprised the following steps that：Selection
Black apple is stock, selects butter fruit one to biennial branch best in quality, that growth is strong to make scion；At the liftoff 10cm of stock
The upper end of stock is cut off, stock is cleaved into " V " shape graft union, graft union first uses distilled water flushing, then sprays indoles to graft union
Butyric acid solution；The lower end of scion is whittled into wedge shape, soaked 1 minute in indoles fourth solution；Stock grafting mouth is inserted into scion,
The forming layer of scion aligns with the forming layer of stock；The concentration of the indolebutyric acid is 1mg/L.
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 50cm, seedling is taken out in March and wipes out main root, then is transplanted by spacing in the rows 4m to plantation
In ditch, root water is irrigated.
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 15kg, and nitrogen phosphorus is applied for every mu in July
Potash fertilizer 50kg, the N P and K weight ratio of azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied azophoska 100kg, the nitrogen phosphorus of azophoska
Potassium weight ratio is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；The fertiliser containing magnesium is
MgCl2Solution, its concentration are 0.5% (m/v).
3rd year, apply calcium magnesium phosphate 230kg for every mu in April, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in July, spray to blade face and drip
Liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 2% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, calcium magnesium phosphate 150kg is applied for every mu in March, applies azophoska 120kg for every mu in April, the nitrogen phosphorus
The N P and K weight ratio of potash fertilizer is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of basal dressing 3900kg；The composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep manure, chicken manure and vegetable seed
Cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=10:8:3:11.
After butter fruit is born fruit, Chinese medical extract is sprayed to butter fruit plant in fruit expanding period to maturity period, spray to
Blade face dropping liquid, interval spray once, sprayed 3 times for 15 days.The Chinese medical extract is by the raw material of the following parts by weight system of adding water to cook
Into：40 parts of 20 parts of rheum officinale, 52 parts of climbing groundsel, 17 parts of monkshood, 15 parts of peppermint and cordate houttuynia.
Test example
In order to verify beneficial effects of the present invention, butter fruit, each reality are planted respectively according to the method for embodiment 1 to 6
It is 2012 to apply butter fruit transplanting time in example, is born fruit within 2015.Carry out the charcoal of bud ratio and 2015 and butter fruit in 2016
Subcutaneous ulcer disease incidence, shot hole incidence and the examination of tail spore spot disease incidence, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. examines or check result by butter fruit projects of each embodiment plantation
As can be seen from Table 1, the bud ratio of embodiment 4 is significantly higher than the bud ratio of embodiment 3, it is seen then that to butter fruit kind
Son carries out chilling treatment and is advantageous to improve bud ratio.2015 and 2016, the anthracnose of embodiment 5 and the generation of shot hole
Rate is all significantly higher than embodiment 1 to 4 and 6, in the implantation methods of embodiment 5 without using Chinese medical extract in fruit expanding period and
Maturity period is sprayed, it is seen then that anthrax can effectively be reduced by using Chinese medical extract spray in fruit expanding period and maturity period
The incidence of disease and shot hole.2015 and 2016, the incidence of the tail spore spot disease of embodiment 6 was significantly higher than embodiment
1 to 5, not applying microbial inoculum in the implantation methods of embodiment 6, it is seen then that can be effective using microbial inoculum to butter fruit
Reduce the incidence of tail spore spot disease.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the invention is not restricted to described embodiment.It is right
For those skilled in the art, in the case where not departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out more
Kind change, modification, replacement and modification, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of butter fruit, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, site preparation selection of land：Select soil layer is deep, draining is good, rich in humus, the soil that the soil is porous as planting site；Open
Kind of a planting ditch is dug, 80~100cm of the plantation furrow width, deep 80~110cm, kind planting ditch spacing is 4~5m；Applied for every mu into kind of planting ditch
100~300kg of quick lime, 2000~3000kg of 1200~2500kg of sweet wormwood, 1300~2000kg of argy wormwood and base manure, backfill soil
10~15cm, trace irrigation pipe is laid in kind of planting ditch；
S2, nursery：Nursery is carried out in seedling rearing room, obtains seedling；
S3, transplanting：When seedling is grown to 50~80cm, main root is wiped out into seedling taking-up in 3~May and dips microbial inoculum,
Transplanted again by 4~6m of spacing in the rows to kind planting ditch, irrigate root water；
S4, management：In May then after transplanting, Chinese milk vetch is broadcasted sowing in planting site, every mu is broadcasted sowing 8~15kg, and nitrogen phosphorus is applied for every mu in July
50~80kg of potash fertilizer, the N P and K weight ratio of the azophoska is N:P205:K2O=10:5:10；
Second Year, butter fruit plant is pinched in April, and every mu is applied 60~100kg of azophoska, the azophoska
N P and K weight ratio is N:P205:K2O=10:10:5；Fertiliser containing magnesium is sprayed to butter fruit plant in August, is sprayed onto blade face dropping liquid；
3rd year, apply 100~230kg of calcium magnesium phosphate for every mu in April, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in July, spray to blade face and drip
Liquid, the concentration of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution is 0.5%~2% (m/v)；
Since the 4th year, 150~260kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied for every mu in March, 80~120kg of azophoska is applied for every mu in April,
The N P and K weight ratio of the azophoska is N:P205:K2O=15:8:10；
In annual November to December, every mu of 2700~3900kg of basal dressing；
Since Second Year, annual July fills to every plant of butter fruit root and applies microbial inoculum, and every plant of amount of application is 100mL；
After butter fruit is born fruit, Chinese medical extract is sprayed to butter fruit plant in fruit expanding period to maturity period, is sprayed to blade face
Dropping liquid, interval spray once, sprayed 3~8 times for 10~15 days.
2. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step S2 nursery is graft seedling growth,
Comprise the following steps that：It is stock to select black apple, selects butter fruit one to biennial branch best in quality, that growth is strong to connect
Fringe；The upper end of stock is cut off at the liftoff 10~20cm of stock, stock is cleaved into " V " shape graft union, graft union is first with distillation
Water rinses, then sprays indolebutyric acid solution to graft union；The lower end of scion is whittled into wedge shape, 1~3 is soaked in indoles fourth solution
Minute；Stock grafting mouth is inserted into scion, the forming layer of scion aligns with the forming layer of stock；The concentration of the indolebutyric acid is
0.1~1mg/L.
3. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step S2 nursery is cuttage and seedling culture,
Comprise the following steps that：Select butter fruit one best in quality, that growth is strong that branch is cut into 20~35cm length to biennial branch
Cuttage bar, the lower end of cuttage bar is whittled into wedge shape, and cuttage bar is placed in Gibberellins solution and soaks 3~10 minutes, then
Cuttage bar is inserted in sand, keeps sand moist；The concentration of the Gibberellins solution is 0.1~0.5mg/L.
4. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step S2 nursery is seed seedling-raising,
Comprise the following steps that：Butter fruit seed is placed in 1~4 DEG C of environment 1~2 month, then butter fruit seed is embedded in sand
Vernalization at normal temperatures, butter fruit seedling grow to during 3~5cm move into seedlings nursing plate in continue nursery.
5. the implantation methods of the butter fruit according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that institute in step S3 and S4
The microbial inoculum stated is the streptococcic mixed bacteria liquid of Bifidobacterium and intermediary, the streptococcic weight of the Bifidobacterium and intermediary
Than for Bifidobacterium:Intermediary streptococcus=2~5:2.
6. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the composition of the base manure is cow dung, sheep
Excrement, chicken manure and rape cake, its weight ratio are cow dung:Sheep manure:Chicken manure:Rape cake=5~10:8~12:3~5:4~11.
7. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that fertiliser containing magnesium described in step S4 is MgCl2It is molten
Liquid, its concentration are 0.5~3% (m/v).
8. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that fertiliser containing magnesium described in step S4 is MgCl2It is molten
Liquid, its concentration are 0.5~3% (m/v).
9. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Chinese medical extract described in step S4
Added water to cook and be made by the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 20~63 parts of rheum officinale, 30~52 parts of climbing groundsel, 17~38 parts of monkshood, thin
18~40 parts of 15~36 parts of lotus and cordate houttuynia.
10. the implantation methods of butter fruit according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the traditional Chinese medicine extraction described in step S4
Thing is added water to cook by the raw material of following parts by weight and is made：43 parts of rheum officinale, 50 parts of climbing groundsel, 26 parts of monkshood, 19 parts of peppermint and fish
30 parts of raw meat grass.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108811840A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-16 | 云南省红河热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of butter fruit engrafting method |
| CN108990671A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-14 | 耿马曹型彬野生动物养殖有限责任公司 | A kind of method of high altitude regions plantation butter fruit |
| CN109089711A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-28 | 云南省红河热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of butter fruit flower and fruit protecting method |
| CN109348955A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-19 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | A kind of avocado rootstock seedling high-efficient method for cultivating |
| CN109792918A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-24 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of avocado graft seedling growth technology |
| CN111201934A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-29 | 赵志明 | Intermediate stock rooting cultivation method for avocados |
| CN112273172A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 江西瑞博特生物科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine extraction nutrient solution, preparation method and ecological planting method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108990671A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-14 | 耿马曹型彬野生动物养殖有限责任公司 | A kind of method of high altitude regions plantation butter fruit |
| CN108811840A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-16 | 云南省红河热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of butter fruit engrafting method |
| CN109089711A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-28 | 云南省红河热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of butter fruit flower and fruit protecting method |
| CN109348955A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-19 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | A kind of avocado rootstock seedling high-efficient method for cultivating |
| CN111201934A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-29 | 赵志明 | Intermediate stock rooting cultivation method for avocados |
| CN109792918A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-24 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of avocado graft seedling growth technology |
| CN112273172A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 江西瑞博特生物科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine extraction nutrient solution, preparation method and ecological planting method |
| CN114175933A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-15 | 云南省林木种苗工作总站(云南省林木种苗花卉产品质量监督检验站) | Grafting method for shea oleifera |
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