CN107476083A - 一种基于桑叶的植物染色方法及装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种基于桑叶的植物染色方法及装置,采用淀粉、纤维素对桑叶中的色素进行固化、分离、锁定,采用海藻酸钠、壳聚糖作为生物粘稠剂提高溶液的粘稠度,形成大分子的亲水基团进一步剥离色素分子,最终采用乙醇作为提取剂通过离心机将色素提取出来,形成染液,过程环保无污染并由染色罐实现染色过程。本发明的有益效果是极大的提高了染色的效率、色素提取性能、以及染色后布料的色牢度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及染色工艺及装备技术领域,具体涉及一种基于桑叶的植物染色方法及装置。
背景技术
目前随着人们生活水平的大幅提高,布料染色大都使用化学染料,但是化学染料大部分是从石油中提取合成的,这部分产品是在生产中能分解出20余种有致癌或致过敏的禁用偶氮染料以及在一定条件下还可离解出铅、铬、镐、钻和汞等对人体和环境有害的重金属离子。由此我们尽可能的利用植物染料进行染色,植物染料来源于植物世界,随着植物而生,也随着植物而亡非常环保、健康。现有的植物染色由于还是按照传统的色素提取染色工艺不仅染色时间长、色牢度低、而且浸染以后的布料非常沉重工人工作量极大,并且现有的浸染方式布料相互折叠,折叠痕迹非常明显严重影响着染色效果,如何提高植物染色的技术水平一直是本领域技术人员研究的对象。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于桑叶的植物染色方法及装置,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种基于桑叶的植物染色方法包括以下步骤:
一、将粉碎后的桑叶混合淀粉、纤维素、海藻酸钠、壳聚糖形成染料,染料中各成分重量配比为30∶1∶1∶1∶1,而后染料放入浓度为25%的乙醇溶液进行第1次提取;
二、将第一提取的溶液进行过滤;
三、将过滤后的溶液放入25%的乙醇溶液进行第2次提取,提取后的染液通过离心机获得澄清染液;
四、将澄清染液按照重量比,1比50配比蒸馏水,放在恒温水浴锅中加热到80℃,2h后在真空泵上抽滤,而后在离心器上离心取上层染液。
五、将步骤四获得的染液放入植物染色装置内并同时放入4g/L的柠檬酸,待染色的布料呈圆筒状包覆植物染色装置内的搅拌杆,搅拌杆安装在搅拌轴上,搅拌轴中心设有加热棒,加热棒对染液加热温度控制在55-65度之间,布料在植物染色装置内浸染时间为24小时,获得经过染色的布料。
桑叶具有降血糖血脂、降胆固醇、抗血栓形成和抗动脉粥样硬化等医药作用。本发明采用淀粉、纤维素对桑叶中的色素进行固化、分离、锁定,采用海藻酸钠、壳聚糖作为生物粘稠剂提高溶液的粘稠度,形成大分子的亲水基团进一步剥离色素分子,最终采用乙醇作为提取剂通过离心机将色素提取出来,形成染液,过程环保无污染,是一种理想的色素原料。作为进一步的技术手段通过加温进一步增加色素的析出效果,而真空泵的减压抽滤,不仅提高了染液的提取速度,而且在快速提取过程中可以防止色素二次沉淀,增加染液产量。作为更进一步的技术手段料呈圆筒状包覆植物染色装置内的搅拌杆形成圆形的浸染结构避免出现褶痕、折痕,极大的提高了染色的均匀性,并且在搅拌轴中心设有加热棒,加热棒对染液加热温度控制在55-65度之间,这种中心加热方式使得染液温度中心最高,四周最低,染液随着温度变化从中心向四周扩散,染液在扩散过程中受到布料包裹,使得布料受到由内而外的浸染力,提高染色效果。桑叶的药用效果随着染液进入布料,布料具有植物的天然香味,实现了布料的药用价值。
一种植物染色装置,包括机架和染色罐,所述染色罐外表面的中间位置对称设有两根支撑轴,所述支撑轴与机架两侧的支撑臂转动连接,其中一根支撑轴与壳体电机相连接;所述染色罐内设有搅拌电机,搅拌电机与染色罐的左内侧壁固定连接,搅拌电机上连接有搅拌轴,搅拌轴水平设置,搅拌轴圆周方向均匀布置有三根以上的搅拌杆,搅拌杆顶端外周360度缠绕有布料,布料外侧设有贴合搅拌杆顶端的压板,压板与搅拌杆之间通过设于搅拌杆上的圆弧形弹簧片压接;所述染色罐内侧壁上固定设有提升器,所述提升器呈圆弧状;所述的染色罐顶部设有染液进料口,染液进料口上设有第一阀门;染色罐底部设有染液出料口,染液出料口上设有第二阀门;所述的搅拌轴中心设有加热棒。该种植物染色装置通过两个电机实现染色罐和搅拌轴双重旋转,不仅可以使得染液旋转,而且可以使得布料旋转,达到充分浸染的技术目的,另一方面压板与搅拌杆之间通过设于搅拌杆上的圆弧形弹簧片压接布料,避免布料损伤也解决了布料一直不能缠绕染色的技术难题。染色罐内侧壁上的提升器结构其实是一个片状结构的薄片,随着染色罐的旋转将染液提升起来倾倒在布料上防止染液中的色素沉淀。
所述搅拌电机外部设有保护罩,提高设备的安全效果。所述机架下方还设有万向轮。
所述搅拌轴右端与染色罐侧壁转动连接。所述染色罐底部外侧壁上设有配重块,使得每次染色罐停止的位置固定不变。
本发明的有益效果是极大的提高了染色的效率、色素提取性能、以及染色后布料的色牢度。
附图说明
图1为本发明中染色罐的结构示意图;
图2为本发明中染色罐内部结构。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1和图2,一种基于桑叶的植物染色方法包括以下步骤:
一、将粉碎后的桑叶混合淀粉、纤维素、海藻酸钠、壳聚糖形成染料,染料中各成分重量配比为30∶1∶1∶1∶1,而后染料放入浓度为25%的乙醇溶液进行第1次提取;
二、将第一提取的溶液进行过滤;
三、将过滤后的溶液放入25%的乙醇溶液进行第2次提取,提取后的染液通过离心机获得澄清染液;
四、将澄清染液按照重量比,1比50配比蒸馏水,放在恒温水浴锅中加热到80℃,2h后在真空泵上抽滤,而后在离心器上离心取上层染液。
五、将步骤四获得的染液放入植物染色装置内并同时放入4g/L的柠檬酸,待染色的布料呈圆筒状包覆植物染色装置内的搅拌杆,搅拌杆安装在搅拌轴上,搅拌轴中心设有加热棒,加热棒对染液加热温度控制在55-65度之间,布料在植物染色装置内浸染时间为24小时,获得经过染色的布料。
上述植物染色装置,包括机架1和染色罐7,染色罐7外表面的中间位置对称设有两根支撑轴4,支撑轴4与机架1两侧的支撑臂转动连接,其中一根支撑轴与壳体电机3相连接,染色罐7内设有搅拌电机5,搅拌电机5与染色罐7的左内侧壁固定连接。搅拌电机5上连接有搅拌轴12,搅拌轴12右端与染色罐7侧壁转动连接,搅拌轴12水平设置,搅拌轴12圆周方向均匀布置有三根以上的搅拌杆11,搅拌杆11顶端外周360度缠绕有布料16,布料16外侧设有贴合搅拌杆顶端的压板17,压板17与搅拌杆11之间通过设于搅拌杆上的圆弧形弹簧片18压接,避免对布料产生损伤。为了达到加温染色效果,搅拌轴12中心设有加热棒。搅拌电机5外部设有保护罩6。
为了进一步提高染色效果,染色罐7内侧壁上固定设有提升器8,提升器8呈圆弧状。染色罐7顶部设有染液进料口10,染液进料口10上设有第一阀门9;染色罐7底部设有染液出料口14,染液出料口14上设有第二阀门15控制染液的进出。染色罐7底部外侧壁上设有配重块13,机架下方还设有万向轮2。
本发明的工作过程是:将染液、柠檬酸从进出料口10处加入,关闭第一阀门9,壳体电机3工作使得染色罐7绕支撑轴4旋转,同时搅拌电机5带动搅拌杆11转动对染色罐7内部的染液进行搅拌作用,此处设置壳体电机3和搅拌电机5的转向相反,进一步提高了染液对布料的染色效果;染色罐7转动时,提升器8带动部分染色罐7内的染液上升,从而对染液进行扰动,进一步扩大了染液的混合效果,提高染色效果;染色结束后,在配重块13作用下出料口14能够朝下,便于排料。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (6)
1.一种基于桑叶的植物染色方法包括以下步骤:
一、将粉碎后的桑叶混合淀粉、纤维素、海藻酸钠、壳聚糖形成染料,染料中各成分重量配比为30∶1∶1∶1∶1,而后染料放入浓度为25%的乙醇溶液进行第1次提取;
二、将第一提取的溶液进行过滤;
三、将过滤后的溶液放入25%的乙醇溶液进行第2次提取,提取后的染液通过离心机获得澄清染液;
四、将澄清染液按照重量比,1比50配比蒸馏水,放在恒温水浴锅中加热到80℃,2h后在真空泵上抽滤,而后在离心器上离心取上层染液。
五、将步骤四获得的染液放入植物染色装置内并同时放入4g/L的柠檬酸,待染色的布料呈圆筒状包覆植物染色装置内的搅拌杆,搅拌杆安装在搅拌轴上,搅拌轴中心设有加热棒,加热棒对染液加热温度控制在55-65度之间,布料在植物染色装置内浸染时间为24小时,获得经过染色的布料。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的植物染色装置,包括机架和染色罐,其特征在于,所述染色罐外表面的中间位置对称设有两根支撑轴,所述支撑轴与机架两侧的支撑臂转动连接,其中一根支撑轴与壳体电机相连接;所述染色罐内设有搅拌电机,搅拌电机与染色罐的左内侧壁固定连接,搅拌电机上连接有搅拌轴,搅拌轴水平设置,搅拌轴圆周方向均匀布置有三根以上的搅拌杆,搅拌杆顶端外周360度缠绕有布料,布料外侧设有贴合搅拌杆顶端的压板,压板与搅拌杆之间通过设于搅拌杆上的圆弧形弹簧片压接;所述染色罐内侧壁上固定设有提升器,所述提升器呈圆弧状;所述的染色罐顶部设有染液进料口,染液进料口上设有第一阀门;染色罐底部设有染液出料口,染液出料口上设有第二阀门;所述的搅拌轴中心设有加热棒。
3.根据权利要求2所述的植物染色装置,其特征在于,所述搅拌电机外部设有保护罩。
4.根据权利要求2所述的植物染色装置,其特征在于,所述搅拌轴右端与染色罐侧壁转动连接。
5.根据权利要求2所述的植物染色装置,其特征在于,所述染色罐底部外侧壁上设有配重块。
6.根据权利要求2所述的植物染色装置,其特征在于,所述机架下方还设有万向轮。
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