CN107476054A - 耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法 - Google Patents

耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107476054A
CN107476054A CN201710617870.7A CN201710617870A CN107476054A CN 107476054 A CN107476054 A CN 107476054A CN 201710617870 A CN201710617870 A CN 201710617870A CN 107476054 A CN107476054 A CN 107476054A
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soak
cotton fiber
fiber
chopped fiber
parts
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杨双建
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Anhui Sanxin New Fiber Technology Co Ltd
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Anhui Sanxin New Fiber Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，包括前处理工序和后处理工序，所述前处理工序是将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，然后从浸泡液中取出进行烘干。棉纤维的主要成份是纤维素，纤维素是天然高分子化合物，由α葡萄糖为基本结构单元重复构成，将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，对纤维素进行改性和表面处理，使其对酸性环境具有很好的适应性，特别是无机酸，避免结构遭到破坏，同时经过前序处理后的棉纤维提高了耐高温性能，长期置于阳光与大气中不会被氧化，高温作用下结构稳定。

Description

耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织纤维技术领域，具体涉及一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法。
背景技术
世界各国都把发展新材料作为发展经济、推动技术进步的重要方面，各种新型纺织纤维用于当今高技术领域的重要材料。目前全球新型纤维产品的市场规模超过千亿美元，已成为纺织行业的新型“战略支柱产业”之一。
新型纺织纤维产业具有技术含量高、市场规模大、产业辐射面广、拉动效应显著等特点。同时，新一代新型纤维技术也是我国“十二五”期间新兴产业发展的重要组成部分，大力发展新型纺织纤维产业，实现关键技术和产业的突破，对于提升我国纺织产业核心竞争力、推动产业转型升级意义重大。目前，新型纤维应用于针织品行业占到80％，应用于家用纺织品占20％。
我国新型纤维不但市场很大，其产品的平均利润率较高，是纯棉产品的1-2倍。由于其主要生产原料是新型纤维，棉花价格的巨幅波动对企业效益的影响基本上可以忽略不计。相关企业应在完善纺织纤维产业链的同时，还需要克服使用传统原料制成的纤维材料中存在的诸多不足。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，包括前处理工序和后处理工序，所述前处理工序是将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，然后从浸泡液中取出进行烘干；
所述浸泡液由以下重量份的原料组成：
椰子油3-5份，葛根提取液0.5-1.0份，油性剂0.4-0.8份，石油醚0.6-1.2份，正丁醇1-3份，丹酚酸0.4-1.0份，齐墩果酸0.2-0.6份，表面活性剂0.3-0.5份，生物质碳0.3-0.7份，去离子水5-8份。
所述油性剂为聚对聚酯型聚氨酯和乙二醇独乙醚混合物。
所述表面活性剂选自脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸铵或脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸铵的一种或几种。
所述浸泡液呈弱酸性，PH值优选为6.5～6.8。
所述棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡时控制浸泡液温度为30～32℃，浸泡时间2～3h。
所述烘干时温度为23～28℃。
所述后处理工序，包括以下步骤：
(1)将烘干后的棉纤维送入纤维分丝机中进行分丝，得短纤维；
(2)利用七辊牵伸机将步骤(1)中短纤维进行拉伸，使之具有一定的强力和伸长；
(3)拉伸后的短纤维通过装有油体的浸油槽，控制短纤维通过浸油槽的速率在0.5～0.8m/min；
(4)利用七辊牵伸机对沾有油体的短纤维进行二道牵伸；
(5)经过第二次牵伸后的短纤维送入高温蒸汽箱中，控制空气温度120℃±5℃，时间20分钟；
(6)经过高温蒸汽的短纤维通过八辊紧张定型装置将短纤维进行紧张定型；
(7)紧张定型后的短纤维输送至蒸汽设备，控制蒸汽温度为120～150℃，短纤维以1.5m/min通过蒸汽设备；
(8)向短纤维表面喷洒油体，消除表面静电；
(9)将短纤维送入烘箱中进行烘干，使得短纤维松弛热定型；
(10)将烘干后的短纤维进行切断、输送。
所述步骤(2)中七辊牵伸机下方设置烘干装置，控制烘干温度为30～40℃，对牵伸辊上的短纤维进行烘干。
所述步骤(4)中七辊牵伸机下方设置蒸汽加热器，加热温度为120℃。
本发明的有益效果为：
(1)棉纤维的主要成份是纤维素，纤维素是天然高分子化合物，由α葡萄糖为基本结构单元重复构成，将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，对纤维素进行改性和表面处理，使其对酸性环境具有很好的适应性，特别是无机酸，避免结构遭到破坏，同时经过前序处理后的棉纤维提高了耐高温性能，长期置于阳光与大气中不会被氧化，高温作用下结构稳定；
(2)制得的棉纤维强度高，弹性好，屈曲强度、伸长疲劳等性能都有显著提升；
(3)使用本发明提供的棉纤维制成的织物厚度、紧度显著提高，绒面整齐，外观优美，手感丰满，保暖性好。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，包括前处理工序和后处理工序，所述前处理工序是将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，然后从浸泡液中取出进行烘干；
所述浸泡液由以下重量份的原料组成：
椰子油3份，葛根提取液0.5份，油性剂0.4份，石油醚0.6份，正丁醇1份，丹酚酸0.4份，齐墩果酸0.2份，表面活性剂0.3份，生物质碳0.3份，去离子水5份。
所述油性剂为聚对聚酯型聚氨酯和乙二醇独乙醚混合物。
所述表面活性剂选自脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸铵或脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸铵的一种或几种。
所述浸泡液呈弱酸性，PH值优选为6.5～6.8。
所述棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡时控制浸泡液温度为30～32℃，浸泡时间2～3h。
所述烘干时温度为23～28℃。
所述后处理工序，包括以下步骤：
(1)将烘干后的棉纤维送入纤维分丝机中进行分丝，得短纤维；
(2)利用七辊牵伸机将步骤(1)中短纤维进行拉伸，使之具有一定的强力和伸长，七辊牵伸机下方设置烘干装置，控制烘干温度为30～40℃，对牵伸辊上的短纤维进行烘干；
(3)拉伸后的短纤维通过装有油体的浸油槽，控制短纤维通过浸油槽的速率在0.5～0.8m/min，短纤维含油量控制在3％～5％；
(4)利用七辊牵伸机对沾有油体的短纤维进行二道牵伸，七辊牵伸机下方设置蒸汽加热器，加热温度为120℃；
(5)经过第二次牵伸后的短纤维送入高温蒸汽箱中，控制空气温度120℃±5℃，时间20分钟；
(6)经过高温蒸汽的短纤维通过八辊紧张定型装置将短纤维进行紧张定型；
(7)紧张定型后的短纤维输送至蒸汽设备，控制蒸汽温度为120～150℃，短纤维以1.5m/min通过蒸汽设备；
(8)向短纤维表面喷洒油体，消除表面静电；
(9)将短纤维送入烘箱中进行烘干，使得短纤维松弛热定型，控制烘干温度在30℃以上，时间20～30分钟；
(10)将烘干后的短纤维进行切断、输送。
实施例2
一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，包括前处理工序和后处理工序，所述前处理工序是将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，然后从浸泡液中取出进行烘干；
所述浸泡液由以下重量份的原料组成：
椰子油4份，葛根提取液0.8份，油性剂0.6份，石油醚0.9份，正丁醇2份，丹酚酸0.7份，齐墩果酸0.4份，表面活性剂0.4份，生物质碳0.5份，去离子水6.5份。
所述油性剂为聚对聚酯型聚氨酯和乙二醇独乙醚混合物。
所述表面活性剂选自脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸铵或脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸铵的一种或几种。
所述浸泡液呈弱酸性，PH值优选为6.5～6.8。
所述棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡时控制浸泡液温度为30～32℃，浸泡时间2～3h。
所述烘干时温度为23～28℃。
所述后处理工序，包括以下步骤：
(1)将烘干后的棉纤维送入纤维分丝机中进行分丝，得短纤维；
(2)利用七辊牵伸机将步骤(1)中短纤维进行拉伸，使之具有一定的强力和伸长，七辊牵伸机下方设置烘干装置，控制烘干温度为30～40℃，对牵伸辊上的短纤维进行烘干；
(3)拉伸后的短纤维通过装有油体的浸油槽，控制短纤维通过浸油槽的速率在0.5～0.8m/min，短纤维含油量控制在3％～5％；
(4)利用七辊牵伸机对沾有油体的短纤维进行二道牵伸，七辊牵伸机下方设置蒸汽加热器，加热温度为120℃；
(5)经过第二次牵伸后的短纤维送入高温蒸汽箱中，控制空气温度120℃±5℃，时间20分钟；
(6)经过高温蒸汽的短纤维通过八辊紧张定型装置将短纤维进行紧张定型；
(7)紧张定型后的短纤维输送至蒸汽设备，控制蒸汽温度为120～150℃，短纤维以1.5m/min通过蒸汽设备；
(8)向短纤维表面喷洒油体，消除表面静电；
(9)将短纤维送入烘箱中进行烘干，使得短纤维松弛热定型，控制烘干温度在30℃以上，时间20～30分钟；
(10)将烘干后的短纤维进行切断、输送。
实施例3
一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，包括前处理工序和后处理工序，所述前处理工序是将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，然后从浸泡液中取出进行烘干；
所述浸泡液由以下重量份的原料组成：
椰子油5份，葛根提取液1.0份，油性剂0.8份，石油醚1.2份，正丁醇3份，丹酚酸1.0份，齐墩果酸0.6份，表面活性剂0.5份，生物质碳0.7份，去离子水8份。
所述油性剂为聚对聚酯型聚氨酯和乙二醇独乙醚混合物。
所述表面活性剂选自脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸铵或脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸铵的一种或几种。
所述浸泡液呈弱酸性，PH值优选为6.5～6.8。
所述棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡时控制浸泡液温度为30～32℃，浸泡时间2～3h。
所述烘干时温度为23～28℃。
所述后处理工序，包括以下步骤：
(1)将烘干后的棉纤维送入纤维分丝机中进行分丝，得短纤维；
(2)利用七辊牵伸机将步骤(1)中短纤维进行拉伸，使之具有一定的强力和伸长，七辊牵伸机下方设置烘干装置，控制烘干温度为30～40℃，对牵伸辊上的短纤维进行烘干；
(3)拉伸后的短纤维通过装有油体的浸油槽，控制短纤维通过浸油槽的速率在0.5～0.8m/min，短纤维含油量控制在3％～5％；
(4)利用七辊牵伸机对沾有油体的短纤维进行二道牵伸，七辊牵伸机下方设置蒸汽加热器，加热温度为120℃；
(5)经过第二次牵伸后的短纤维送入高温蒸汽箱中，控制空气温度120℃±5℃，时间20分钟；
(6)经过高温蒸汽的短纤维通过八辊紧张定型装置将短纤维进行紧张定型；
(7)紧张定型后的短纤维输送至蒸汽设备，控制蒸汽温度为120～150℃，短纤维以1.5m/min通过蒸汽设备；
(8)向短纤维表面喷洒油体，消除表面静电；
(9)将短纤维送入烘箱中进行烘干，使得短纤维松弛热定型，控制烘干温度在30℃以上，时间20～30分钟；
(10)将烘干后的短纤维进行切断、输送。
将经过实施例1-3处理得到的棉纤维进行检测并与对比例1(普通棉纤维)进行对比，检测数据如下：
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的仅为本发明的优选例，并不用来限制本发明，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，包括前处理工序和后处理工序，所述前处理工序是将棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡，然后从浸泡液中取出进行烘干；
所述浸泡液由以下重量份的原料组成：
椰子油3-5份，葛根提取液0.5-1.0份，油性剂0.4-0.8份，石油醚0.6-1.2份，正丁醇1-3份，丹酚酸0.4-1.0份，齐墩果酸0.2-0.6份，表面活性剂0.3-0.5份，生物质碳0.3-0.7份，去离子水5-8份。
2.如权利要求1所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述油性剂为聚对聚酯型聚氨酯和乙二醇独乙醚混合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂选自脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸铵或脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸铵的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述浸泡液呈弱酸性。
5.如权利要求1所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述浸泡液PH值为6.5～6.8。
6.如权利要求1所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述棉纤维置于浸泡液中浸泡时控制浸泡液温度为30～32℃，浸泡时间2～3h。
7.如权利要求1所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述烘干时温度为23～28℃。
8.如权利要求1所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述后处理工序，包括以下步骤：
(1)将烘干后的棉纤维送入纤维分丝机中进行分丝，得短纤维；
(2)利用七辊牵伸机将步骤(1)中短纤维进行拉伸，使之具有一定的强力和伸长；
(3)拉伸后的短纤维通过装有油体的浸油槽，控制短纤维通过浸油槽的速率在0.5～0.8m/min；
(4)利用七辊牵伸机对沾有油体的短纤维进行二道牵伸；
(5)经过第二次牵伸后的短纤维送入高温蒸汽箱中，控制空气温度120℃±5℃，时间20分钟；
(6)经过高温蒸汽的短纤维通过八辊紧张定型装置将短纤维进行紧张定型；
(7)紧张定型后的短纤维输送至蒸汽设备，控制蒸汽温度为120～150℃，短纤维以1.5m/min通过蒸汽设备；
(8)向短纤维表面喷洒油体，消除表面静电；
(9)将短纤维送入烘箱中进行烘干，使得短纤维松弛热定型；
(10)将烘干后的短纤维进行切断、输送。
9.如权利要求8所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中七辊牵伸机下方设置烘干装置，控制烘干温度为30～40℃，对牵伸辊上的短纤维进行烘干。
10.如权利要求8所述的耐酸耐热棉纤维制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)中七辊牵伸机下方设置蒸汽加热器，加热温度为120℃。
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CN103290688A (zh) * 2013-05-16 2013-09-11 任芳芳 一种棉纺织物精炼剂
CN103898770A (zh) * 2014-03-24 2014-07-02 苏州润弘贸易有限公司 一种丝棉混纺织物精练剂
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