CN107459398A - A kind of medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof, application process, purposes - Google Patents
A kind of medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof, application process, purposes Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/002—Apparatus for sowing fertiliser; Fertiliser drill
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
- A01N37/04—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof polybasic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof, application process and purposes.The medicine fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：The parts by weight of dried biogas residues 56~60 after anaerobic fermentation, the parts by weight of tuber of pinellia straw powder material 9~11, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw powder 28~35, the parts by weight of 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 0.5~0.8.The technology of the present invention design science, simple and easy, environment-friendly, prevention and control efficiency high, applied widely, cost is relatively low, has good economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of disease prevention and control, and in particular to a kind of medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof, application process, use
On the way, and it prevents and treats the method for sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot.
Background technology
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L), belong to Pedaliaceae flax category, annual herb plant, be most ancient in the world
One of oil crops, and high-quality oil crops of China's characteristic.China's sesame plantation is with a long history, in recent years, cultivated area
Stabilization about 750,000 tons of total output, has consequence at 12,000,000 mu or so in international oil seed trade.
Sesame. bacterial wilt is by Ralstonia solanacearum [Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et
Al. (1995)] infect initiation soil pass bacteriosis, stalk of sesame point rot is by Kidney bean shell ball spore bacterium [Macrophomina
Phaseolina (Tassi.) Goid.] infect the silborne fungal diseases of initiation.Investigation shows, the sesame in southern sesame producing region
It is extremely serious that phenomenon occurs for numb bacterial wilt and the mixing of stem point rot.Generally existing mixes hair because of both diseases in production causes sesame
The phenomenon that numb Severe Reduction even has no harvest, cause actively baffling for peasant planting sesame, yield seriously glides.For the upper of sesame
Two kinds of diseases are stated, at present in production mainly based on chemical prevention.
As Chinese patent literature CN101971755A disclose it is a kind of prevent and treat sesame. bacterial wilt method, this method is to sesame
Bacterial wilt has certain control effect.For another example disclosed in Zhang Xiurong etc.《Stalk of sesame point rot Prevention Technique code》, to sesame
Stem point rot has good control effect, but the sesame controlling disease method disclosed in above-mentioned document is all only limitted to single disease
Preventing and treating, and for example Chinese patent literature CN104206153A disclose a kind of method of efficiently Synthetical prevention sesame disease, including
Following steps：(1) disease-resistant variety is selected；(2) superior farmland is selected；(3) begin sowing in good time, rational close planting, crop rotation；
(4) seed pelleting is handled；(5) sprout term disease prevention and control；(6) florescence disease prevention and control；(7) harvest in good time.This method can be prevented and treated effectively
The Major Diseases such as sesame droop, stem point rot and leaf blight, Synthetical prevention effect is up to 77.37%~89.5%, yield
Improve 85.9%~93.6%.But this method only can the effective fungal disease such as prevention and control stalk of sesame point rot, in sesame. bacterial wilt
(bacteriosis) and stem are selected rot (fungal disease) mixing and occurred in serious southern sesame produce reality, it tends to be difficult to play reason
The control effect thought.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to overcome be only capable of in the prior art it is single effectively prevention and control bacterial wilt or
The defects of stem point rot, so as to provide a kind of medicine of safe and efficient, environment-friendly prevention and control sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot fertilizer
And preparation method thereof, application process and purposes.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of medicine fertilizer, the medicine fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight：It is dry after anaerobic fermentation
The parts by weight of biogas residue 56~60, the parts by weight of tuber of pinellia straw powder material 9~11, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw powder 28~35 and mass fraction
The parts by weight of 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder 0.5~0.8.
Preferably, the medicine fertilizer, the raw material of following parts by weight is included：The parts by weight of dried biogas residues 58 after anaerobic fermentation, the tuber of pinellia
The parts by weight of straw powder material 10, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw powder 31.4 and the weight of 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 0.6
Measure part.
Dried biogas residues main component after anaerobic fermentation includes organic matter 30%-50%, humic acid 10%-20%, amino acid
The trace element such as 5%-9%, nitrogen 0.8%-1.5%, phosphorus 0.4%-0.6%, potassium 0.6%-1.2% and boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc.
The agricultural crop straw powder is the straw powder material of gramineae stalk powder, preferably rice or wheat.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned medicine fertilizer, this method comprises the following steps：
(1) dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia straw powder material, agricultural residues powder are weighed according to selected parts by weight
Material and the kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 2%；
(2) agricultural crop straw powder of part is first taken to be well mixed with the kasugarnycin wettable powder, then
Add the tuber of pinellia straw powder material crushed in advance to stir, then add the agricultural crop straw powder and the institute of remainder
The dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation are stated to stir.
Preferably, in step (2), the crops for accounting for the agricultural crop straw powder total amount 30%~60% are first taken
After straw powder material and 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder stir, remaining agricultural crop straw powder and anaerobism hair is added
Dried biogas residues after ferment stir.
The invention provides a kind of application process of above-mentioned medicine fertilizer, the medicine fertilizer is applied before crop is sowed, every mu of administration
Measure as 50~70kg.
Described application process, the medicine fertilizer are imposed in seed furrow, and the depth of the seed furrow is 6~8cm, is then carried out
Covering.
The invention provides a kind of above-mentioned medicine fertilizer controlling plant diseases purposes.Preferably, described purposes is preventing and treating
The purposes of sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot.
The invention provides a kind of method for preventing and treating sesame disease, this method comprises the following steps：
1) before sesame sowing, soil is applied fertilizer using above-mentioned medicine fertilizer；
2) florescence disease prevention and control.
Described method, in the step 2), since sesame initial bloom stage or field begins with bacterial wilt or stem point is withered
When disease occurs, prevented and treated successively using three groups of combined sterilizing agent, every minor tick 8~12 days.
Described method, three groups of combined sterilizing agent, it is respectively：The Zhongshengmycin wettable powder of mass fraction 3%
1400~1600 times of liquid of 1400~1600 times of liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder of mass fraction, the thiophene of mass fraction 20%
700~900 times of liquid of bacterium copper suspending agent and mass fraction 20% jinggangmeisu soluble powder 900~1100 times of liquid, mass fractions
2400~2600 times of liquid of 20% 700~900 times of Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent liquid and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils.
Preferably, it is wettable using 3% Zhongshengmycin wettable powder of mass fraction, 1500 times of liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl
The mixed liquor of property 1500 times of liquid of pulvis carries out spraying preventing and treating；Mass fraction is used as 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent, 800 times of liquid and matter
The mixed liquor of the amount 1000 times of liquid of jinggangmeisu soluble powder of fraction 20% carries out spraying preventing and treating；Mass fraction is used as 20% thiophene
The mixed liquor of 2500 times of liquid of 800 times of liquid of bacterium copper suspending agent and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils carries out spraying preventing and treating.
The florescence medicament is prepared and uses bucket mixing method, i.e., after every kind of medicament first being made into decoction with proper amount of clear water, pours into
Sprayer carries out mixed preparing.
Described method, three groups of combined sterilizing agent carry out spraying preventing and treating after adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate respectively, make every group
The mass fraction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 3 ‰ in combined sterilizing agent.
Described method, in the step 2), each combined sterilizing agent dosage is every mu of 40-60kg.Preferably,
For every mu of 50kg.
Technical solution of the present invention, have the following advantages that：
1st, medicine fertilizer of the present invention, including the following raw material：The parts by weight of dried biogas residues 56~60 after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia straw
The parts by weight of stalk powder 9~11, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw powder 28~35 and the kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 2%
0.5~0.8 parts by weight；The present invention is directed to sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot Pathogen Biologic Characteristic, it is proposed that prior to seeding
Using above-mentioned medicine fertilizer, contain the antibacterial materials such as Chrysophanol and succinic acid in the tuber of pinellia straw powder material contained in above-mentioned medicine fertilizer, with reference to
Kasugarnycin can and anti-fungal and the characteristics of bacteriosis, collaboration preventing and treating sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot can effectively pre- diseases preventions
Harmful generation, extension sprawling, and chemical agent is replaced using environment amenable tuber of pinellia straw powder material, while pre- disease prevention
The residual quantity of chemical pesticide in sesame is reduced, is reduced environmental pollution, germ is not easy to produce it drug resistance, and preventive effect effect is good, peace
Overall height is imitated, applied widely, and the dried biogas residues and agricultural crop straw powder after the anaerobic fermentation added in medicine fertilizer are not only sesame
Nutriment necessary to growth is provided, and recycled because it belongs to scrap concrete, cost is low, has good economy
Benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.
2nd, medicine fertilizer preparation method of the present invention, it is 2% to take the agricultural crop straw powder of part and mass fraction
Kasugarnycin wettable powder is well mixed, and is then added the tuber of pinellia straw powder material crushed in advance and is stirred, then adds
Dried biogas residues after the agricultural crop straw powder of remainder and the anaerobic fermentation stir, above-mentioned preparation method letter
It is single, easy to operate, obtained medicine fertilizer good anti-bacterial effect.
3rd, medicine fertilizer usability methods of the present invention, the medicine fertilizer is imposed in the deep seed furrows of 6~8cm, then carried out
Covering, application process is simple, and applies prior to seeding and soil is handled, and can effectively prevent the generation fallen ill, can also improve
Soil fertility.
4th, the method for preventing and treating sesame disease of the present invention, methods described occur according to sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot
The action character of rule and the fertile and different bactericide of the medicine, the medicine fertilizer processing soil of foundation make with sesame florescence antimicrobial combination
Preventing control method, effectively prevention and control sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot sprawling can be extended, realized to sesame fungal disease and bacterium
One-stop effective prevention and control of disease.
5th, the method for preventing and treating sesame. bacterial wilt of the present invention and stem point rot, used at the florescence in mass fraction 3%
Raw 1400~1600 times of 1400~1600 times of liquid of rhzomorph wettable powder and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder of mass fraction
Liquid, 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent of mass fraction, 700~900 times of liquid and the jinggangmeisu soluble powder 900 of mass fraction 20%~
1100 times of liquid, 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent of mass fraction, 700~900 times of liquid and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils 2400~
2600 times of liquid, three groups of different agents carry out Synthetical prevention, can effectively reduce the generation of the germ resistance to the action of a drug.
Embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific embodiment, unless otherwise indicated, disclosed in this invention
Experimental method use the art routine techniques, used reagent and raw material can be bought by market in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of medicine fertilizer, including following component：Dried biogas residues 56kg after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia powder of straw
Expect 11kg, agricultural crop straw powder 35kg, the kasugarnycin wettable powder 0.8kg of mass fraction 2%.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of preparation method of medicine fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia straw powder material, agricultural residues powder are weighed according to selected parts by weight
Material and the kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 2%；
(2) agricultural crop straw powder described in 21kg is first taken to be well mixed with the kasugarnycin wettable powder, Ran Houjia
Enter the tuber of pinellia straw powder material crushed in advance to stir, then add the agricultural crop straw powder of remainder and described
Dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation stir, and produce the medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of medicine fertilizer, including following component：Dried biogas residues 60kg after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia powder of straw
Expect 9kg, agricultural crop straw powder 28kg, the kasugarnycin wettable powder 0.5kg of mass fraction 2%.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of preparation method of medicine fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia straw powder material, agricultural residues powder are weighed according to selected parts by weight
Material and the kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 2%；
(2) agricultural crop straw powder described in 10kg is first taken to be well mixed with the kasugarnycin wettable powder, Ran Houjia
Enter the tuber of pinellia straw powder material crushed in advance to stir, then add the agricultural crop straw powder of remainder and described
Dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation stir, and produce the medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of medicine fertilizer, including following component：Dried biogas residues 58kg after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia powder of straw
Expect 10kg, agricultural crop straw powder 31.4kg, the kasugarnycin wettable powder 0.6kg of mass fraction 2%.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of preparation method of medicine fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia straw powder material, agricultural residues powder are weighed according to selected parts by weight
Material and the kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 2%；
(2) agricultural crop straw powder described in 13kg is first taken to be well mixed with the kasugarnycin wettable powder, Ran Houjia
Enter the tuber of pinellia straw powder material crushed in advance to stir, then add the agricultural crop straw powder of remainder and described
Dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation stir, and produce the medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of medicine fertilizer, including following component：Dried biogas residues 59kg after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia powder of straw
Expect 10kg, agricultural crop straw powder 32kg, the kasugarnycin wettable powder 0.7kg of mass fraction 2%.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of preparation method of medicine fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation, tuber of pinellia straw powder material, agricultural residues powder are weighed according to selected parts by weight
Material and the kasugarnycin wettable powder of mass fraction 2%；
(2) agricultural crop straw powder described in 12kg is first taken to be well mixed with the kasugarnycin wettable powder, Ran Houjia
Enter the tuber of pinellia straw powder material crushed in advance to stir, then add the agricultural crop straw powder of remainder and described
Dried biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation stir, and produce the medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method for preventing and treating sesame disease is present embodiments provided, is comprised the following steps：
The selection of farmland and seed is as follows：Husky earth nonirrigated farmland 1200m is selected in Nanchang County of Jiangxi Province2；Sesame seed kind is
Golden yellow fiber crops.
1) seed furrow that depth is 6cm prior to seeding, is opened, sows the cm of line-spacing 40, will by every mu of amount of application 50kg
The fertilizer of medicine described in embodiment 1 is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields after seed furrow, and one layer of thin soil of covering is sowed again；
2) florescence disease prevention and control：Since sesame initial bloom stage, prevented and treated using three groups of combined sterilizing agent, at interval of 8 days
One group is changed, continuous preventing and treating three times, uses mass fraction as 3% Zhongshengmycin wettable powder, 1400 times of liquid and 70% for the first time
The 1600 times of liquid mixing of thiophanate-methyl wettable powder carry out spraying preventing and treating, use mass fraction to be hanged for 20% Thiodiazole-copper for the second time
Floating 1100 times of liquid mixing of 900 times of liquid of agent and 20% jinggangmeisu soluble powder of mass fraction carry out spraying preventing and treating, adopt for the third time
It is that the 2600 times of liquid mixing of 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent, 700 times of liquid and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils are sprayed with mass fraction
Mist is prevented and treated, and the above-mentioned preventing and treating decoction dosage of spraying three times is every mu of 50kg, when spraying medicament every time, adds potassium dihydrogen phosphate respectively
Mixed atomizing is carried out, the mass fraction for making potassium dihydrogen phosphate in every group of bactericide is 3 ‰.Sesame growth period, worm, grass, stain, drought
Evil prevention and control and other field management measures are carried out according to Routine Management technology.
Embodiment 6
A kind of method for preventing and treating sesame disease is present embodiments provided, is comprised the following steps：
The selection of farmland and seed is as follows：Husky earth nonirrigated farmland 1200m is selected in Nanchang County of Jiangxi Province2；Sesame seed kind is
Golden yellow fiber crops.
1) seed furrow that depth is 8cm prior to seeding, is opened, sows the cm of line-spacing 40, will by every mu of amount of application 60kg
The fertilizer of medicine described in embodiment 2 is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields after seed furrow, and one layer of thin soil of covering is sowed again；
2) florescence disease prevention and control：Since sesame initial bloom stage, prevented and treated using three groups of combined sterilizing agent, at interval of 12 days
One group is changed, continuous preventing and treating three times, uses mass fraction as 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent, 800 times of liquid and mass fraction for the first time
The mixing of 20% 1000 times of jinggangmeisu soluble powder liquid carries out spraying preventing and treating, raw bacterium in using mass fraction for the second time as 3%
Plain 1500 times of liquid mixing of 1500 times of liquid of wettable powder and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder carry out spraying preventing and treating, third time
Mass fraction is used to be carried out for the 2500 times of liquid mixing of 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent, 800 times of liquid and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils
Spraying preventing and treating, the above-mentioned preventing and treating decoction dosage of spraying three times is every mu of 60kg, when spraying medicament every time, adds biphosphate respectively
Potassium carries out mixed atomizing, and the mass fraction for making potassium dihydrogen phosphate in every group of bactericide is 3 ‰.Sesame growth period, worm, grass, stain,
Drought injury prevention and control and other field management measures are carried out according to Routine Management technology.
Embodiment 7
A kind of method for preventing and treating sesame disease is present embodiments provided, is comprised the following steps：
The selection of farmland and seed is as follows：In Jiangxi Province Jinxian County selection Upland Red Soil 1600m2；Sesame seed kind is
Golden yellow fiber crops.
1) seed furrow that depth is 7cm prior to seeding, is opened, sows the cm of line-spacing 40, will by every mu of amount of application 60kg
The fertilizer of medicine described in embodiment 3 is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields after seed furrow, and one layer of thin soil of covering is sowed again；
2) florescence disease prevention and control：At the sesame florescence, when field begins with bacterial wilt or stem point rot occurs, start to use
Three groups of combined sterilizing agent are prevented and treated, at interval of changing within 10 days one group, continuous preventing and treating three times, use for the first time mass fraction for
2400 times of liquid of 20% 700 times of Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent liquid and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils, which mix, carries out spraying preventing and treating, and second
It is secondary to use mass fraction as 1400 times of 3% Zhongshengmycin wettable powder, 1600 times of liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder
Liquid mixing carries out spraying preventing and treating, uses mass fraction for the third time as 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent, 900 times of liquid and mass fraction 20%
The 900 times of liquid mixing of jinggangmeisu soluble powder carry out spraying preventing and treating, and the above-mentioned preventing and treating decoction dosage of spraying three times is every mu
40kg, when spraying medicament every time, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added respectively and carries out mixed atomizing, makes potassium dihydrogen phosphate in every group of bactericide
Mass fraction is 3 ‰.Sesame growth period, worm, grass, stain, drought injury prevention and control and other field management measures are according to Routine Management skill
Art is carried out.
Embodiment 8
A kind of method for preventing and treating sesame disease is present embodiments provided, is comprised the following steps：
(1) in Jiangxi Province Jinxian County selection Upland Red Soil 1500m2, sesame seed kind is golden yellow fiber crops.Experimental group A is set altogether
And tri- treatment groups of control group B and C, each treatment group set 4 replicated plots, plot area 125m2。
(2) it is 8cm or so in site preparation sowing on June 17, sowing trench depth, sows the cm of line-spacing 40.
Experimental group A and control group B is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields the fertilizer of medicine described in embodiment 2 after seed furrow by every mu of dosage 70kg,
One layer of thin soil of covering is sowed again.Control group C is blank control, and not dispenser is fertile.
(3) florescence disease prevention and control：Since sesame initial bloom stage, experimental group A is respectively at July 25, August 5 days and August 16
Day, successively using 3% Zhongshengmycin wettable powder, the 1500 times of thiophanate-methyl of liquid+70% wettable powders, 1600 times of liquid,
20% 700 times of the Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent jinggangmeisu of liquid+20% soluble powder, 1000 times of liquid, 900 times of 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent
2500 times of liquid of+250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils of liquid carry out spraying preventing and treating, and decoction dosage is every mu of 50kg three times, every time spray
During dispenser agent, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added respectively and carries out mixed atomizing, the mass fraction for making potassium dihydrogen phosphate in every group of bactericide is
3‰；
Since sesame initial bloom stage, control group B is respectively at July 25, August 5 days and August 16 days, successively using raw in 3%
1500 times+70% of rhzomorph wettable powder, 1600 times+20% of thiophanate-methyl wettable powder jinggangmeisu soluble powder
1100 times, 700 times+20% of 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent+250 g/l of pyraclostrobins of 1000 times of jinggangmeisu soluble powder
2100 times of missible oil, 900 times of 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent, 2500 times+25% of+250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils Tebuconazole are wettable
Property pulvis 1500 carries out spraying preventing and treating again, and decoction dosage is every mu of 50kg three times, when spraying medicament every time, adds phosphoric acid respectively
Potassium dihydrogen carries out mixed atomizing, and the mass fraction for making potassium dihydrogen phosphate in every group of bactericide is 3 ‰；
Blank control group C not dispensers.Sesame growth period, worm, grass, stain, drought injury prevention and control and other field management measures according to
Carried out according to Routine Management technology.
(4) Disease investigation and analysis：Before harvest (August 29 days), bacterial wilt and stem point rot morbidity strain number and sick level are investigated.
State of an illness statistical result shows (table 1) that the average disease index of experimental group A sesame. bacterial wilts is 5.83, and the average state of an illness of stem point rot refers to
Number is 9.70；The average disease index of control group B sesame. bacterial wilts is 6.02, and the average disease index of stem point rot is 9.77；Blank
The average disease index of control group C processing bacterial wilts is 27.14, and the average disease index of stem point rot is 61.02.Relative to blank pair
According to a group C, experimental group A is 78.51% to the average control effect of sesame. bacterial wilt, and the average control effect to stem point rot is
84.11%.Control group B is 77.82% to the average control effect of sesame. bacterial wilt, and the average preventive effect to stem point rot is
83.99%, it is close to the average control effect of sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot with experimental group A.
(5) determination of yield and analysis：(August 29 days) determination of yield result is shown during harvest, and the average per unit area yields of experimental group A are
108.96kg/667m2, the average per unit area yields of control group B are 110.64kg/667m2, the average per unit area yield of blank control group C processing is
45.39kg/667m2.Relative to blank control group C, the average rate of growths of experimental group A are 140.04%.Control group B average volume increase
Rate is 143.75%, close with experimental group A average rate of growth.
The combination Control Technology diseases prevention of the medicine of table 1 fertilizer and effect of increasing production (Red soil of recommending properly qualified persons for service)
Explanation：With the medicine fertilizer combination of this example, there is good preventive effect to sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot, and increase production
Significant effect.
Comparative example 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of medicine fertilizer, including following component：Dried biogas residues 58kg after anaerobic fermentation, agricultural crop straw
Powder 31.4kg, the agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 0.6kg of mass fraction 15%.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of preparation method of medicine fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) dried biogas residues, agricultural crop straw powder and mass fraction after anaerobic fermentation are weighed according to selected parts by weight
15% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder；
(2) agricultural crop straw powder described in 13kg is first taken to be well mixed with the agricultural streptomycin wettable powder, then
Add remainder the agricultural crop straw powder and the anaerobic fermentation after dried biogas residues stir, produce the medicine
Fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
A kind of medicine fertilizer is present embodiments provided, is counted in parts by weight, raw material is as follows：15 parts of the tuber of pinellia, 8 parts of Changshan, agalloch eaglewood 9
Part, 12 parts of rush, 10 parts of the root of kudzu vine.
(1) tuber of pinellia, Changshan and agalloch eaglewood are added to the water, are 1 by solid-liquid ratio:30(g:G), (boiling) refluxing extraction 3 is heated
Hour, filtering, extract solution is concentrated and dried, and is crushed；
(2) rush and the root of kudzu vine are added in ethanol (95vt%), is 1 by solid-liquid ratio:8(g:G), (boiling) backflow is heated
Extraction 1 hour, filtering, extract solution are concentrated and dried, and are crushed；
(3) powder that the powder for obtaining step (1) obtains with step (2) mixes, that is, obtains described fertilizer.
Effect example 1
This effect example compare the present invention prepare medicine fertilizer, comparative example medicine fertilizer and only with Agro-chemicals control sesame
The effect of disease, is comprised the following steps that：
The selection of farmland and seed is as follows：Select husky earth nonirrigated farmland in Nanchang County of Jiangxi Province, set altogether experimental group A, experimental group B,
Control group C, control group D, control group E, control group F, blank control group G, it is 4 replicated plots per component, each plot area
For 100m2；Sesame seed kind is golden yellow fiber crops.
A) in site preparation sowing on June 10, prior to seeding, the seed furrow that depth is 6cm is opened, sows the cm of line-spacing 40,
Each experimental group A, B and control group C, D are applied fertilizer uniformly to be spread fertilizer over the fields after seed furrow by every mu of dosage 60kg, and one layer of thin soil of covering is again
Sowing, wherein：Experimental group A applies medicine fertilizer described in embodiment 1；Experimental group B applies medicine fertilizer described in embodiment 3；Control group C is applied
The medicine fertilizer described in comparative example 1；Control group D applies the medicine fertilizer in comparative example 2.Control group E, it is 0.15% with seed weight
25 g/l it is suitable happy when dress seed, sowed after drying；Control group F, blank control group G not dispensers fertilizer, are directly sowed.
B) sprout term disease prevention and control：Control group E, after sesame emergence during 2 pairs of true leaves, from 0.01% study on brassinolide 3000
2500 times of 600 times of (10 milliliter/mu)+bacillus subtilis bacterium solutions (50 milliliter/mu) of (10 milliliter/mu)+NEB again, spray after mixing
Mist, 2-3 Zhou Houzai spray 3000 times of 0.01% study on brassinolide；In addition to control group E, other each groups are without seedling stage disease
Evil prevention and control.
C) florescence disease prevention and control：Since sesame initial bloom stage, experimental group A, experimental group B, control group C, D, F are respectively at July
Use 1500 times of 3% Zhongshengmycin wettable powder of mass fraction, 1500 times of liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder within 17
Liquid mixing carries out spraying preventing and treating, and mass fraction was used July 29 as 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent, 800 times of liquid and mass fraction
The mixing of 20% 1000 times of jinggangmeisu soluble powder liquid carries out spraying preventing and treating, and mass fraction is used within 11st as 20% thiophene in August
The 2500 times of liquid mixing of 800 times of liquid of bacterium copper suspending agent and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils carry out spraying preventing and treating, above-mentioned to spray three times
Mist preventing and treating decoction dosage is every mu of 50kg, when spraying medicament every time, adds potassium dihydrogen phosphate respectively and carries out mixed atomizing, make every
The mass fraction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 3 ‰ in group bactericide；Bactericide used in control group E is Chinese patent literature CN
Three groups of antimicrobial combinations used in 104206153B, i.e., successively using 300 times of+NEB2500 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder,
25% 1000 times+25% of tebuconazole suspension concentrates, 700 times of Fluoxastrobin suspending agent, 50% 300 times+Tebuconazole of carbendazol wettable powder
Suspending agent 1000 carries out spraying preventing and treating again, and decoction dosage is every mu of 50kg three times, when spraying medicament every time, adds phosphoric acid respectively
Potassium dihydrogen carries out mixed atomizing, and the mass fraction for making potassium dihydrogen phosphate in every group of bactericide is 3 ‰；Blank control group G not dispensers.
Sesame growth period, worm, grass, stain, drought injury prevention and control and other field management measures are carried out according to Routine Management technology.
The measure of Disease investigation and yield is analyzed：Before harvest (August 22 days), bacterial wilt and stem point rot morbidity strain number are investigated
And sick level, (August 23 days) carries out determination of yield during harvest, as a result see the table below 2.
The combination Control Technology diseases prevention of the medicine of table 2 fertilizer and effect of increasing production (Nanchang sand territory)
From upper table 2, with the medicine fertilizer combination of this example, sesame. bacterial wilt and stem point rot are prevented with good
Effect, and obvious effect of increasing production.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and is not the restriction to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of medicine fertilizer, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：The weight of dried biogas residues 56~60 after anaerobic fermentation
Part, the parts by weight of tuber of pinellia straw powder material 9~11, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw powder 28~35 and the kasugarnycin of mass fraction 2% can
The parts by weight of WP 0.5~0.8.
2. medicine fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：It is dry after anaerobic fermentation
The parts by weight of biogas residue 58, the parts by weight of tuber of pinellia straw powder material 10, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw powder 31.4 and the spring thunder of mass fraction 2% are mould
The plain parts by weight of wettable powder 0.6.
A kind of 3. method of the medicine fertilizer prepared described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) according to choosing
Fixed parts by weight weigh dried biogas residues, tuber of pinellia straw powder material, agricultural crop straw powder and the spring of mass fraction 2% after anaerobic fermentation
Thunder mycin wettable powder；
(2) first take the agricultural crop straw powder of part to be well mixed with the kasugarnycin wettable powder, then add
The tuber of pinellia straw powder material crushed in advance stirs, and then adds the agricultural crop straw powder of remainder and described detests
Dried biogas residues after aerobe fermentation stir.
4. a kind of application process of medicine fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that applied before crop is sowed, every mu
Amount of application is 50~70kg.
5. application process according to claim 4, it is characterised in that impose on the medicine fertilizer in seed furrow, the sowing
The depth of ditch is 6~8cm, is then covered.
6. a kind of medicine fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is in the purposes of controlling plant diseases.
A kind of 7. method for preventing and treating sesame disease, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) before sesame sowing, soil is applied fertilizer using the medicine fertilizer described in claim 1 or 2；
2) florescence disease prevention and control.
8. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that in the step 2), since sesame initial bloom stage or field
Between when beginning with bacterial wilt or stem point rot and occurring, prevented and treated successively using three groups of combined sterilizing agent, per minor tick 8~12
My god.
9. according to the method for claim 8, it is characterised in that three groups of combined sterilizing agent, be respectively：Mass fraction
3% 1400~1600 times of Zhongshengmycin wettable powder liquid and the thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1400 of mass fraction 70%~
1600 times of liquid, 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent of mass fraction, 700~900 times of liquid and the jinggangmeisu soluble powder of mass fraction 20%
900~1100 times of liquid, 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agent of mass fraction, 700~900 times of liquid and 250 g/l of pyraclostrobin missible oils
2400~2600 times of liquid.
10. method according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate is added in three groups of combined sterilizing agent respectively
Hydrogen potassium carries out spraying preventing and treating, and the mass fraction for making potassium dihydrogen phosphate in every group of combined sterilizing agent is 3 ‰.
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