CN107459334B - Anti-skid ceramic tile - Google Patents

Anti-skid ceramic tile Download PDF

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CN107459334B
CN107459334B CN201710763867.6A CN201710763867A CN107459334B CN 107459334 B CN107459334 B CN 107459334B CN 201710763867 A CN201710763867 A CN 201710763867A CN 107459334 B CN107459334 B CN 107459334B
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powder
clay
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ceramic tile
mass
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CN107459334A (en
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殷小祥
张琳
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Foshan pioneer Ceramics Co., Ltd
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Foshan Pioneer Ceramics Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-skid ceramic tile, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. The method comprises the steps of stirring and mixing carbonized rice hull powder, clay, albite powder, quartz powder, sodium fluoride and nano zinc powder, adding water with the mass being 3-5 times that of the clay in the stirring and mixing process, adding diatomite with the mass being 0.3-0.4 time that of the clay, volcanic ash with the mass being 0.3-0.4 time that of the clay and volcanic ash with the mass being 0.3-0.4 time that of the clay, carrying out injection molding, carrying out compression molding, demolding, pre-burning, soaking with modified mixed liquid, and then carrying out re-burning to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tile. The anti-skid ceramic tile has excellent performance, and the anti-skid ceramic tile further enhances the bending resistance and prolongs the service life while achieving good anti-skid effect.

Description

Anti-skid ceramic tile
Technical Field
The invention discloses an anti-skid ceramic tile, and belongs to the technical field of building materials.
Background
The ceramic brick is a plate-shaped or block-shaped ceramic product produced by clay and other inorganic non-metallic raw materials through processes of molding, sintering and the like, and is used for decorating and protecting walls and floors of buildings and structures. Usually formed by dry pressing, extrusion or other forming methods at room temperature, then dried and fired at a certain temperature.
Ceramic tiles can be classified into five categories according to water absorption, namely ceramic tiles, stoneware tiles, fine stoneware tiles, stoneware tiles and ceramic tiles. The ceramic tile with the water absorption rate of more than 10 percent is called as a ceramic tile, is generally called as an inner wall tile in the market, is widely used for wall decoration of buildings such as residential houses, hotels, restaurants, public places and the like, and is a main product for interior decoration. Ceramic tiles, so-called vitreous tiles, with a water absorption of less than 0.5%, are used for flooring and are mostly surface-polished, hence the name polished tiles. It is widely used for floor decoration of various buildings and is also a main product for indoor decoration. One part of the ceramic tile with the water absorption rate of 0.5-10% is used for outer wall decoration, and the other part of the ceramic tile is mainly used for indoor floor decoration, is mostly used in toilets and is matched with inner wall tiles for use. The glazed tile and the unglazed tile are divided according to the presence or absence of the glaze. The floor tiles are divided into glazed floor tiles and unglazed floor tiles according to the glaze surface condition. The glazed floor tile is mainly used for decorating floors of toilets and kitchens and is matched with an inner wall tile for use. It is divided into wall brick and floor brick according to the using position.
Slips or falls are common incidents in workplaces and public places. At 35000 times annually in the uk, approximately one third of non-fatal injuries fall into slip or fall accidents, most of which occur when all contaminants (such as water, oil or talc, etc.) are present in the workplace. Studies have shown that the causes of slip include the environment, ground materials, pollutants, methods of use, human behavior, and footwear materials, among others. According to the requirements of different occasions on the anti-slip performance, a proper ground material is selected, and the anti-slip floor has very important significance for preventing and reducing the occurrence of slip accidents.
When ground decoration is carried out, people firstly pay attention to the decoration effect, and safety accidents caused by smooth ground are often ignored. The ceramic floor tiles are widely applied to floor decoration of public places and workplaces, and the research and the test of the anti-skid performance of the ceramic floor tiles are very important and necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that: aiming at the problem of poor anti-skid performance of the traditional ceramic tile, the anti-skid ceramic tile is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an antiskid ceramic tile is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of clay, 30-40 parts of albite powder, 30-40 parts of quartz powder, 20-25 parts of carbonized rice hull powder, 5-6 parts of sodium fluoride and 5-6 parts of nano zinc powder;
the preparation process of the anti-skid ceramic tile comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the composition, stirring and mixing the carbonized rice hull powder, the clay, the albite powder, the quartz powder, the sodium fluoride and the nano zinc powder, adding water with the mass of 3-5 times that of the clay in the stirring and mixing process, carrying out injection molding, compression molding, demolding, pre-sintering, soaking by using modified mixed liquid, and then firing to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tile.
The particle size of the albite powder is 160-180 meshes.
The granularity of the quartz powder is 300-400 meshes.
The specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.2-2.3.
Diatomite with the mass being 0.3-0.4 times of that of the clay can also be added into the anti-skid ceramic tile.
Coconut fibers with the mass being 0.3-0.4 times that of the clay can also be added into the anti-skid ceramic tile.
Volcanic ash with the mass being 0.3-0.4 times that of the clay can be added into the anti-skid ceramic tile.
The modified mixed solution is formed by mixing 80-100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 10-30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by adding the carbonized rice hull powder, in the early carbonization process, the easily decomposed organic matters in the rice hull are decomposed and volatilized, the relatively difficultly degraded organic matters in the rest part can be in the ceramic sintering process, further decomposing the mixture to generate gas under the condition of oxygen deficiency in the ceramic, wherein the generated gas can carry the carbonized rice hull powder to the surface of the ceramic tile from the inside of the system, in the carrying process, under the catalytic action of sodium fluoride and nano zinc powder in the system, part of carbonized organic matters can react with silicon dioxide on the surface of the rice husk to generate hard and wear-resistant silicon carbide, after the carbonized rice hull powder is carried to the surface of the ceramic tile by the gas, the residual carbonized organic matters are oxidized and decomposed after being contacted with surface air, the pits are formed on the surface of the ceramic tile, so that the roughness of the surface of the ceramic tile is improved, the anti-skid effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the bending resistance of the product can be improved by the carbonized skeleton remained on the surface;
(2) according to the invention, the coconut shell fiber is added, the coconut shell fiber in the green body is carbonized in the sintering process to generate carbonized porous coconut shell fiber with excellent adsorption performance, after the coconut shell fiber is soaked in dopamine solution, a good adsorption film is formed in the carbonized porous coconut shell fiber, the added nano silicon dioxide can be adsorbed, and when the ceramic tile is sintered, the nano silicon dioxide and the carbon fiber adsorbed in the carbonized porous coconut shell fiber form a large amount of silicon carbide under the catalysis of the catalysts sodium fluoride and nano zinc powder, so that the silicon carbide forms a hard silicon carbide network in the ceramic tile, and the bending resistance of the ceramic tile is enhanced; according to the invention, the diatomite and the volcanic ash are added and have fluffy and porous structures, so that a good adsorption film can be formed inside the diatomite and the volcanic ash after being soaked in the dopamine solution, the adsorption film can adsorb nano-silica, the silica is melted in the sintering process, pores inside the ceramic tile are filled with the melted silica, and compact silica is formed inside the diatomite and the volcanic ash after cooling and solidification, so that the hardness of the ceramic tile is enhanced, and the bending resistance of the ceramic tile is further enhanced.
Detailed Description
Placing the rice hulls in a freezing grinder to freeze and grind for 15-25 min to obtain rice hull powder, then transferring the rice hull powder into a carbonization furnace, introducing nitrogen into the carbonization furnace at a speed of 100-200 mL/min, raising the temperature to 450-500 ℃ at a speed of 0.8-1.5 ℃/min in a programmed manner under the protection of the nitrogen, preserving heat and carbonizing for 4-6 h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain carbonized rice hull powder; according to the weight parts, 40-50 parts of clay, 30-40 parts of albite powder, 30-40 parts of quartz powder, 20-25 parts of carbonized rice hull powder, 5-6 parts of sodium fluoride and 5-6 parts of nano zinc powder are taken in sequence, the carbonized rice hull powder is added into a mixer, then the clay, the albite powder, the quartz powder, the sodium fluoride and the nano zinc powder are added into the mixer to be stirred at a high speed for 30-40 min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200-1300 r/min, water with the mass being 3-5 times of that of the clay is added into the mixer in the high-speed stirring process, then diatomite with the mass being 0.03-0.04 times of that of the clay is added into the mixer, coconut shell fiber with the mass being 0.3-0.4 times of that of the clay is added into the mixer to be continuously stirred at a high speed of 1200-1300 r/min to obtain mixed slurry, then the mixed slurry is injected into a mold to be pressed and molded under the pressure condition of 200-300 MPa, and then demoulding to obtain a ceramic tile green body, placing the ceramic tile green body in a roller kiln, pre-burning for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 1400-1600 ℃ to obtain a pre-burned brick, then soaking the pre-burned brick in a modified mixed solution for 1-2 hours to obtain a modified ceramic tile, then placing the modified ceramic tile in the roller kiln, and burning again for 5-10 hours at the temperature of 1400-1600 ℃ to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tile. The particle size of the albite powder is 160-180 meshes. The granularity of the quartz powder is 300-400 meshes. The specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.2-2.3. The modified mixed solution is formed by mixing 80-100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 10-30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
Example 1
Firstly, placing rice hulls in a freezing and crushing machine for freezing and crushing for 25min to obtain rice hull powder, then transferring the rice hull powder into a carbonization furnace, introducing nitrogen into the carbonization furnace at the speed of 200mL/min, raising the temperature to 500 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, preserving the temperature and carbonizing for 6h, cooling the rice hull powder to room temperature along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain carbonized rice hull powder; according to the weight portion, 50 portions of clay, 40 portions of albite powder, 40 portions of quartz powder, 25 portions of carbonized rice hull powder, 6 portions of sodium fluoride and 6 portions of nano zinc powder are taken in sequence, the obtained carbonized rice hull powder is added into a mixer, then clay, the albite powder, the quartz powder, the sodium fluoride and the nano zinc powder are added into the mixer, high-speed stirring is carried out for 40min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min, water with the mass 5 times of that of the clay is added into the mixer in the high-speed stirring process, then diatomite with the mass 0.04 time of that of the clay is added into the mixer, coconut shell fiber with the mass 0.4 time of that of the clay and volcanic ash with the mass 0.4 time of that of the clay are added into the mixer, high-speed stirring is carried out for 50min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min, mixed slurry is injected into a mold, is pressed and molded under the pressure condition of 300MPa, then is demolded, presintering for 2h at 1600 ℃ to obtain a preburning brick, then soaking the preburning brick in the modified mixed solution for 2h to obtain a modified ceramic tile, then placing the modified ceramic tile in a roller kiln, and burning again for 10h at 1600 ℃ to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tile. The particle size of the albite powder is 180 meshes. The granularity of the quartz powder is 400 meshes. The specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.3. The modified mixed solution is prepared by mixing 100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
Example 2
According to the weight parts, 50 parts of clay, 40 parts of albite powder, 40 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of sodium fluoride and 6 parts of nano zinc powder are sequentially taken, the clay, the albite powder, the quartz powder, the sodium fluoride and the nano zinc powder are added into a mixer, the mixture is stirred at a high speed for 40min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min, water which is 5 times of the mass of the clay is added into the mixer in the high-speed stirring process, then diatomite which is 0.04 times of the mass of the clay is added into the mixer, coconut shell fiber which is 0.4 times of the mass of the clay and volcanic ash which is 0.4 times of the mass of the clay are added into the mixer, the mixture is continuously stirred at a high speed for 50min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min to obtain mixed slurry, then the mixed slurry is injected into a mold, the mixed slurry is pressed and molded under the pressure condition of 300MPa, then the mold is removed to obtain a ceramic tile green blank, then the ceramic tile is placed in a roller kiln, the temperature of 1600, obtaining the modified ceramic tile, then placing the modified ceramic tile in a roller kiln, and firing the modified ceramic tile for 10 hours again at the temperature of 1600 ℃ to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tile. The particle size of the albite powder is 180 meshes. The granularity of the quartz powder is 400 meshes. The specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.3. The modified mixed solution is prepared by mixing 100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
Example 3
Firstly, placing rice hulls in a freezing and crushing machine for freezing and crushing for 25min to obtain rice hull powder, then transferring the rice hull powder into a carbonization furnace, introducing nitrogen into the carbonization furnace at the speed of 200mL/min, raising the temperature to 500 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, preserving the temperature and carbonizing for 6h, cooling the rice hull powder to room temperature along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain carbonized rice hull powder; according to the weight parts, 50 parts of clay, 40 parts of albite powder, 40 parts of quartz powder, 25 parts of carbonized rice hull powder, 6 parts of sodium fluoride and 6 parts of nano zinc powder are sequentially taken, the obtained carbonized rice hull powder is added into a mixer, then the clay, the albite powder, the quartz powder, the sodium fluoride and the nano zinc powder are added into the mixer, the mixture is stirred at a high speed for 40min under the condition of the rotating speed of 1300r/min, in the high-speed stirring process, water with the mass 5 times of that of the clay is added into the mixer, then coconut shell fiber with the mass 0.4 times of that of the clay and volcanic ash with the mass 0.4 times of that of the clay are added into the mixer, the high-speed stirring is continued for 50min under the rotating speed of 1300r/min, mixed slurry is obtained, then the mixed slurry is injected into a mold, the mixed slurry is pressed and molded under the pressure condition of 300MPa, then the mold is removed, so that a ceramic tile green blank is, pre-burning for 2h to obtain pre-baked bricks, soaking the pre-baked bricks in the modified mixed solution for 2h to obtain modified ceramic tiles, placing the modified ceramic tiles in a roller kiln, and burning for 10h again at 1600 ℃ to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tiles. The particle size of the albite powder is 180 meshes. The granularity of the quartz powder is 400 meshes. The specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.3. The modified mixed solution is prepared by mixing 100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
Example 4
Firstly, placing rice hulls in a freezing and crushing machine for freezing and crushing for 25min to obtain rice hull powder, then transferring the rice hull powder into a carbonization furnace, introducing nitrogen into the carbonization furnace at the speed of 200mL/min, raising the temperature to 500 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, preserving the temperature and carbonizing for 6h, cooling the rice hull powder to room temperature along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain carbonized rice hull powder; according to the weight portion, 50 portions of clay, 40 portions of albite powder, 40 portions of quartz powder, 25 portions of carbonized rice hull powder, 6 portions of sodium fluoride and 6 portions of nano zinc powder are taken in sequence, the obtained carbonized rice hull powder is added into a mixer, then clay, the albite powder, the quartz powder, the sodium fluoride and the nano zinc powder are added into the mixer, high-speed stirring is carried out for 40min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min, in the high-speed stirring process, water with the mass 5 times of that of the clay is added into the mixer, then diatomite with the mass 0.04 time of that of the clay and coconut shell fiber with the mass 0.4 time of that of the clay are added into the mixer, high-speed stirring is carried out for 50min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min, mixed slurry is obtained, then the mixed slurry is injected into a die, pressing and forming is carried out under the pressure condition of 300MPa, then demoulding is carried out, ceramic tile green bodies are obtained, then the, pre-burning for 2h to obtain pre-baked bricks, soaking the pre-baked bricks in the modified mixed solution for 2h to obtain modified ceramic tiles, placing the modified ceramic tiles in a roller kiln, and burning for 10h again at 1600 ℃ to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tiles. The particle size of the albite powder is 180 meshes. The granularity of the quartz powder is 400 meshes. The specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.3. The modified mixed solution is prepared by mixing 100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
Example 5
Firstly, placing rice hulls in a freezing and crushing machine for freezing and crushing for 25min to obtain rice hull powder, then transferring the rice hull powder into a carbonization furnace, introducing nitrogen into the carbonization furnace at the speed of 200mL/min, raising the temperature to 500 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, preserving the temperature and carbonizing for 6h, cooling the rice hull powder to room temperature along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain carbonized rice hull powder; according to the weight portion, 50 portions of clay, 40 portions of albite powder, 40 portions of quartz powder, 25 portions of carbonized rice hull powder, 6 portions of sodium fluoride and 6 portions of nano zinc powder are taken in sequence, the obtained carbonized rice hull powder is added into a mixer, then clay, the albite powder, the quartz powder, the sodium fluoride and the nano zinc powder are added into the mixer, high-speed stirring is carried out for 40min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min, in the high-speed stirring process, water with the mass being 5 times of that of the clay is added into the mixer, then diatomite with the mass being 0.04 times of that of the clay and volcanic ash with the mass being 0.4 times of that of the clay are added into the mixer, high-speed stirring is carried out for 50min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1300r/min, mixed slurry is obtained, then the mixed slurry is injected into a mold, compression molding is carried out under the pressure condition of 300MPa, then demolding is carried out, the ceramic tile green body is, pre-burning for 2h to obtain pre-baked bricks, soaking the pre-baked bricks in the modified mixed solution for 2h to obtain modified ceramic tiles, placing the modified ceramic tiles in a roller kiln, and burning for 10h again at 1600 ℃ to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tiles. The particle size of the albite powder is 180 meshes. The granularity of the quartz powder is 400 meshes. The specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.3. The modified mixed solution is prepared by mixing 100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
Comparative example: ceramic tiles produced by the Fushan household ceramics company.
The non-slip tiles obtained in examples 1 to 5 and the comparative products were subjected to a performance test by the following specific test method:
detecting the static friction coefficient according to GB/T4100; the bending strength was measured by a microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester (CMT-6203) (three-point bending method), and the specific test results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Detection mode Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative example
Coefficient of static friction 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.4
Flexural strength/MPa 119.47 103.98 104.45 98.67 95.34 83.33
The detection results in table 1 show that the anti-skid ceramic tile provided by the invention has the advantages of high static friction coefficient, high anti-skid grade and high safety, effectively solves the problem of poor anti-skid performance of the traditional ceramic tile, enhances the hardness of the ceramic tile, and further increases the bending strength of the ceramic tile.

Claims (8)

1. An antiskid ceramic tile which is characterized in that: the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of clay, 30-40 parts of albite powder, 30-40 parts of quartz powder, 20-25 parts of carbonized rice hull powder, 5-6 parts of sodium fluoride and 5-6 parts of nano zinc powder;
the preparation process of the anti-skid ceramic tile comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials according to the composition of the raw materials, stirring and mixing carbonized rice hull powder, clay, albite powder, quartz powder, sodium fluoride and nano zinc powder, adding water with the mass of 3-5 times that of the clay in the stirring and mixing process, carrying out injection molding, compression molding, demolding, pre-sintering, soaking by using modified mixed liquor, and then firing to obtain the anti-skid ceramic tile; the modified mixed solution is formed by mixing 80-100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 10-30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
2. A non-slip tile according to claim 1 wherein: the particle size of the albite powder is 160-180 meshes.
3. A non-slip tile according to claim 1 wherein: the granularity of the quartz powder is 300-400 meshes.
4. A non-slip tile according to claim 1 wherein: the specific gravity of the sodium fluoride is 2.2-2.3.
5. A non-slip tile according to claim 1 wherein: diatomite with the mass being 0.3-0.4 times of that of the clay can also be added into the anti-skid ceramic tile.
6. A non-slip tile according to claim 1 wherein: coconut fibers with the mass being 0.3-0.4 times that of the clay can also be added into the anti-skid ceramic tile.
7. A non-slip tile according to claim 1 wherein: volcanic ash with the mass being 0.3-0.4 times that of the clay can be added into the anti-skid ceramic tile.
8. A non-slip tile according to claim 1 wherein: the modified mixed solution is formed by mixing 80-100 parts of dopamine solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L and 10-30 parts of nano silicon dioxide.
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CN108409289A (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-08-17 杨帮燕 A kind of preparation method of road anti-skid brick
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CN110818390A (en) * 2018-08-07 2020-02-21 重庆市忠县古屋建材有限公司 Green tile and firing process thereof
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CN104909728A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-09-16 安徽省亚欧陶瓷有限责任公司 Freeze-thawing resistant ceramic brick and preparation method thereof
CN107098687A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-08-29 合肥聪亨新型建材科技有限公司 A kind of wear-resistant pressure-resistant Antiskid ceramic tile and preparation method thereof

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CN104909728A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-09-16 安徽省亚欧陶瓷有限责任公司 Freeze-thawing resistant ceramic brick and preparation method thereof
CN107098687A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-08-29 合肥聪亨新型建材科技有限公司 A kind of wear-resistant pressure-resistant Antiskid ceramic tile and preparation method thereof

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