CN107457703A - A kind of end surface full jumping is better than 2 μm of bronze boart boart wheel disc precise dressing method - Google Patents
A kind of end surface full jumping is better than 2 μm of bronze boart boart wheel disc precise dressing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种端面全跳动优于2μm的青铜金刚石砂轮盘精密修整方法,属于高精度金刚石刀具制造技术领域。本发明的方法主要步骤包括:青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的粗磨、青铜金刚石砂轮盘的初步动平衡、青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的粗修整、青铜金刚石砂轮盘的精密动平衡和盘面精修整。通过金刚石砂轮盘面精修整工艺,详细分析了主轴转速、修整压力、单次进给修整深度以及主轴往复运动频率等精修整工艺参数对青铜金刚石砂轮盘端面全跳动的影响规律,并优选出了精修整工艺参数。采用本发明的方法所得的青铜金刚石砂轮盘面精度很高,端面全跳动优于2μm,推动了青铜金刚石砂轮盘精密修整技术的发展。
The invention discloses a method for finely trimming a bronze diamond grinding wheel disc with a full runout of an end surface better than 2 μm, belonging to the technical field of high-precision diamond tool manufacturing. The main steps of the method of the present invention include: rough grinding of the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel, preliminary dynamic balancing of the bronze diamond grinding wheel, rough dressing of the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel, precise dynamic balancing of the bronze diamond grinding wheel, and fine dressing of the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel. Through the fine dressing process of the diamond grinding wheel disc, the influence of the finishing process parameters such as the spindle speed, dressing pressure, dressing depth in a single feed, and the reciprocating frequency of the spindle on the total runout of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc were analyzed in detail, and the precision was selected. Modify process parameters. The surface precision of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disk obtained by the method of the invention is very high, and the total runout of the end surface is better than 2 μm, which promotes the development of the fine dressing technology of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disk.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种对青铜金刚石砂轮盘精密修整的方法,属于高精度金刚石刀具制造技术领域。The invention relates to a method for precisely trimming a bronze diamond grinding wheel disc, and belongs to the technical field of high-precision diamond cutter manufacturing.
背景技术Background technique
随着核能、激光、天文望远镜等尖端技术的发展,超精密加工技术的作用越来越重要,已成为一个国家制造业最高水平的标志。在超精密切削加工中,精密高性能机床和极稳定加工环境必不可少,高精度刀具也至关重要。目前,传统的机械刃磨方法依然是高精度金刚石刀具制造的主要方法。在金刚石刀具的机械刃磨工艺中,与金刚石刀具直接作用的就是砂轮盘。高速旋转的砂轮盘表面不平度会影响刀具与砂轮盘面的微观接触状态,改变刀具在研磨中的动态研磨深度,产生刀具与砂轮盘面之间的振动,形成盘面磨粒对刀具的微观冲击,从而直接影响到所刃磨出的金刚石刀具的质量。因此,为了保证砂轮盘的盘面精度,提高金刚石刀具的研磨质量,研究砂轮盘面的精密修整技术具有良好实用价值。With the development of cutting-edge technologies such as nuclear energy, lasers, and astronomical telescopes, the role of ultra-precision processing technology is becoming more and more important, and it has become a symbol of the highest level of a country's manufacturing industry. In ultra-precision machining, precision high-performance machine tools and an extremely stable machining environment are essential, and high-precision tools are also crucial. At present, the traditional mechanical sharpening method is still the main method for manufacturing high-precision diamond tools. In the mechanical sharpening process of diamond tools, the grinding wheel directly interacts with the diamond tools. The surface roughness of the high-speed rotating grinding wheel will affect the microscopic contact state between the tool and the grinding wheel surface, change the dynamic grinding depth of the tool during grinding, generate vibration between the tool and the grinding wheel surface, and form the microscopic impact of the abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel. It directly affects the quality of the diamond tool sharpened. Therefore, in order to ensure the precision of the grinding wheel surface and improve the grinding quality of diamond tools, it is of good practical value to study the precision dressing technology of the grinding wheel surface.
金属结合剂金刚石砂轮采用金刚石磨粒与金属粉末烧结而成,镶嵌在结合剂中的金刚石磨粒保留了高硬度、耐磨损的特点,因此对金刚石砂轮的修整比较困难。国内外学者在金刚石砂轮等超硬磨料的修整技术领域做了许多研究工作,开发出了一些有效的工艺方法。The metal bonded diamond grinding wheel is sintered with diamond abrasive grains and metal powder. The diamond abrasive grains embedded in the bond retain the characteristics of high hardness and wear resistance, so it is difficult to dress the diamond grinding wheel. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research work in the field of dressing technology of superabrasives such as diamond grinding wheels, and developed some effective process methods.
金刚石车削法是传统的常用砂轮修整方法。车削法修整过程类似于车床上车削方法,金刚石修整工具以一定的修整深度和进给速度修整砂轮工作表面,使砂轮工作面达到要求的精度。车削法包括单点金刚石笔修整和多点金刚石笔修整,其修整成本低,修整精度高。Diamond turning method is a traditional and commonly used grinding wheel dressing method. The turning method dressing process is similar to the turning method on the lathe. The diamond dressing tool dresses the working surface of the grinding wheel with a certain dressing depth and feed speed to make the working surface of the grinding wheel meet the required accuracy. The turning method includes single-point diamond pen trimming and multi-point diamond pen trimming, which has low trimming cost and high trimming accuracy.
磨削修整法是采用碳化硅砂轮以磨削的方式来修整金刚石砂轮的方法。在修整中,其修整效率低,碳化硅砂轮磨损很快。日本学者庄司克雄提出了一种利用杯形绿碳化硅砂轮修整金属结合剂金刚石砂轮的方法,修整时从修整砂轮上脱落的绿碳化硅磨粒能够去除金刚石磨粒周围的金属结合剂,在对金刚石砂轮整形的过程中,同时还能实现对其修锐。这种修整方法的修整精度较低。The grinding and dressing method is a method of dressing a diamond grinding wheel by grinding with a silicon carbide grinding wheel. In dressing, its dressing efficiency is low, and the silicon carbide grinding wheel wears quickly. Japanese scholar Shoji Katsuo proposed a method of using a cup-shaped green silicon carbide grinding wheel to repair a metal bonded diamond grinding wheel. The green silicon carbide abrasive grains that fall off from the dressing wheel during dressing can remove the metal bond around the diamond abrasive grains. In the process of shaping the diamond grinding wheel, it can also be sharpened at the same time. The trimming accuracy of this trimming method is low.
滚压修整法是采用滚压修整轮和旋转的被修整的金刚石砂轮直接接触,金刚石砂轮带动滚压轮转动,利用两者之间的滚压作用和相对摩擦作用来进行修整。滚压轮可以是普通砂轮、硬质合金滚轮或者淬火钢滚轮。这种方法简单,但修整能力差,修整精度低。The rolling dressing method uses the rolling dressing wheel in direct contact with the rotating diamond grinding wheel to be dressed. The diamond grinding wheel drives the rolling wheel to rotate, and the rolling and relative friction between the two are used for dressing. Rolling wheels can be ordinary grinding wheels, carbide rollers or hardened steel rollers. This method is simple, but the trimming ability is poor and the trimming accuracy is low.
在线电解修整法是1985年由日本学者发展起来的一种砂轮修整技术。该技术发展初期主要针对陶瓷材料磨削工艺,对金属结合剂金刚石砂轮进行在线修整,发现对于磨削硬脆材料,这种修整方法效果较好。这种方法是以金属结合剂超硬磨料砂轮做阳极,通过电解方法使砂轮磨粒露出,形成锋利切削刃与容屑空间以实现对砂轮的修整,修整效率高,但修整设备复杂。The online electrolytic dressing method is a grinding wheel dressing technology developed by Japanese scholars in 1985. In the early stage of the development of this technology, it mainly aimed at the grinding process of ceramic materials, and carried out online dressing of metal bonded diamond grinding wheels. It was found that this dressing method has a better effect on grinding hard and brittle materials. This method uses the metal bond superabrasive grinding wheel as the anode, and exposes the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel through electrolysis to form a sharp cutting edge and a chip space to realize the dressing of the grinding wheel. The dressing efficiency is high, but the dressing equipment is complicated.
激光修整法是采用一定强度激光照射金刚石砂轮表面,通过调节激光功率密度,使其既高于结合剂去除阈值,又高于金刚石颗粒去除阈值,就可以同时去除金刚石磨粒和其结合剂,从而实现砂轮的整形和修锐。这种方法修整效率高,可以修整复杂型面,但修整精度不理想。The laser trimming method uses a certain intensity laser to irradiate the surface of the diamond grinding wheel. By adjusting the laser power density to make it higher than the bond removal threshold and higher than the diamond particle removal threshold, the diamond abrasive grains and its bond can be removed at the same time. Realize the shaping and sharpening of the grinding wheel. This method has high trimming efficiency and can trim complex profiles, but the trimming accuracy is not ideal.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为满足高精度金刚石刀具机械刃磨技术对精密金刚石砂轮盘的需求,提出一种端面全跳动优于2μm的青铜金刚石砂轮盘精密修整方法。The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for precise dressing of a bronze diamond grinding wheel disc with a full run-out of the end face better than 2 μm in order to meet the requirements of the high-precision diamond tool mechanical sharpening technology for a precision diamond grinding wheel disc.
本发明所设计的工艺方法主要步骤包括:盘面粗磨、砂轮盘初步动平衡、盘面粗修整、砂轮盘精密动平衡和盘面精修整。通过青铜金刚石砂轮盘面精修整工艺实验,详细分析主轴转速、修整压力、单次进给修整深度以及主轴往复运动频率对青铜金刚石砂轮盘端面全跳动的影响规律,优选出了精修整工艺参数。本发明修整所得的青铜金刚石砂轮盘面精度很高,端面全跳动优于2μm,推动了当前金刚石砂轮盘精密修整技术的发展。The main steps of the process method designed by the invention include: rough grinding of the disc surface, preliminary dynamic balancing of the emery wheel disc, rough dressing of the disc surface, precise dynamic balancing of the emery wheel disc and fine dressing of the disc surface. Through the fine dressing process experiment of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc, the influence of the spindle speed, dressing pressure, single feed dressing depth and the reciprocating frequency of the main shaft on the total runout of the end face of the bronze diamond grinding wheel was analyzed in detail, and the finishing process parameters were optimized. The surface precision of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc trimmed by the invention is very high, and the total runout of the end face is better than 2 μm, which promotes the development of the current fine dressing technology of the diamond grinding wheel disc.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种端面全跳动优于2μm的青铜金刚石砂轮盘精密修整方法,所述的方法步骤如下:A method for finely dressing a bronze diamond grinding wheel disc with a full runout of an end surface better than 2 μm, the steps of the method are as follows:
步骤一:青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的粗磨;在平磨机床上,以青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面定位,采用陶瓷或树脂金刚石砂轮对青铜金刚石砂轮盘的盘顶面进行磨削,单次进给的磨削深度设为10~15μm,多次磨削至青铜金刚石砂轮盘顶面被磨削平整即可停止;Step 1: Coarse grinding of the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel; on the flat grinding machine, the bottom surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel is positioned, and the ceramic or resin diamond grinding wheel is used to grind the top surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel. The cutting depth is set to 10-15 μm, and the grinding can be stopped until the top surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel is ground flat;
步骤二:青铜金刚石砂轮盘的初步动平衡;将青铜金刚石砂轮盘安装到专用夹具上,然后将其安装于动平衡机上检测青铜金刚石砂轮盘质量偏心量及偏心位置,根据检测结果在青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面按动平衡机所指示位置作好标记,取下砂轮盘,根据所检测的偏心量、青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面材料密度和钻头直径计算出标记处所需钻孔深度,然后在钻床上完成钻孔操作,去除多余的偏心质量;Step 2: Preliminary dynamic balance of the bronze diamond grinding wheel; install the bronze diamond grinding wheel on a special fixture, and then install it on a dynamic balancing machine to detect the mass eccentricity and eccentric position of the bronze diamond grinding wheel. Mark the bottom surface of the disk according to the position indicated by the dynamic balancing machine, remove the grinding wheel disk, calculate the required drilling depth at the mark according to the detected eccentricity, the material density of the bottom surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disk and the diameter of the drill bit, and then complete it on the drilling machine Drilling operations to remove excess eccentric mass;
步骤三:青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的粗修整;将装在专用夹具上的青铜金刚石砂轮盘安装于金刚石刀具研磨机的主轴上,然后采用头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔,把它安装到金刚石刀具研磨机的分度夹具后对青铜金刚石砂轮盘面进行粗修整,设置修整工艺参数为:主轴转速3000~3600r/min,修整压力15~20N,单次进给修整深度2~3μm,主轴往复运动频率0.08~0.10Hz;Step 3: Coarse trimming of the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel; install the bronze diamond grinding wheel mounted on the special fixture on the main shaft of the diamond tool grinder, and then use a single surface welded with irregular natural diamond particles with an average particle size of 1mm on the head. Click on the dressing pen, install it on the indexing fixture of the diamond tool grinder, and then roughly trim the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel. Set the trimming process parameters: spindle speed 3000-3600r/min, dressing pressure 15-20N, single feed The trimming depth is 2~3μm, the reciprocating frequency of the spindle is 0.08~0.10Hz;
步骤四:青铜金刚石砂轮盘的精密动平衡;将青铜金刚石砂轮盘从金刚石刀具研磨机主轴上取下,然后把它安装于动平衡机上对其再次进行精密动平衡;Step 4: Precise dynamic balance of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc; remove the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc from the spindle of the diamond tool grinder, and then install it on the dynamic balancing machine for fine dynamic balancing again;
步骤五:将头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔取下,再将60°圆锥笔尖的单点金刚石修整笔安装于金刚石刀具研磨机分度夹具上,对金刚石刀具研磨机的摆轴进行清零操作,清零完成后设置所述的分度夹具轴线与青铜金刚石砂轮盘盘面夹角为31°~35°,采用800#的青铜金刚石砂轮盘将单点金刚石修整笔的笔尖滚磨尖锐,至滚磨发出的声音均匀、连续即可停止;Step 5: Remove the single-point trimming pen with irregular natural diamond particles with an average particle size of 1 mm welded on the head, and then install the single-point diamond trimming pen with a 60° conical tip on the indexing fixture of the diamond tool grinder. The pendulum shaft of the diamond tool grinding machine is reset. After the reset is completed, set the angle between the axis of the indexing fixture and the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel to be 31° to 35°. Use 800# bronze diamond grinding wheel to place the single point The nib of the diamond trimming pen is sharpened by rolling and grinding, and it can stop when the sound of rolling is uniform and continuous;
步骤六:将经过步骤四精密动平衡后的青铜金刚石砂轮盘再次安装于金刚石刀具研磨机主轴上,对所述的摆轴重新进行清零操作,清零完成后设置分度夹具轴线与青铜金刚石砂轮盘盘面夹角为75°~80°;Step 6: Install the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc after the precise dynamic balance in step 4 on the spindle of the diamond tool grinder again, and reset the pendulum shaft again. After the reset is completed, set the axis of the indexing fixture and the bronze diamond The angle between the grinding wheel disc surface is 75°~80°;
步骤七:恒温控制金刚石刀具研磨机周围环境温度为20~25℃,恒温精度±0.5℃,在金刚石刀具研磨机的主轴冷却水循环系统正常工作情况下,空载静置金刚石刀具研磨机,使其性能达到稳定状态;Step 7: Constant temperature control The ambient temperature of the diamond tool grinder is 20-25°C, and the constant temperature accuracy is ±0.5°C. Under the normal working condition of the spindle cooling water circulation system of the diamond tool grinder, the diamond tool grinder is left standing without load to make it The performance reaches a steady state;
步骤八:青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的精修整;采用优选的精修整工艺参数对青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行精修整;Step 8: Finishing of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc surface; adopting the preferred finishing process parameters to carry out finishing dressing of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc;
步骤九:将激光位移传感器安装于金刚石刀具研磨机上对精修整后的青铜金刚石砂轮盘被修整平坦的表面进行在位检测,测得青铜金刚石砂轮盘端面全跳动值。Step 9: Install the laser displacement sensor on the diamond tool grinding machine to perform in-situ detection on the trimmed flat surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc, and measure the full runout value of the end face of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc.
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下的有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明提供了一种适合于对青铜金刚石砂轮盘精密修整的工艺方法,合理设计了盘面粗磨、砂轮盘初步动平衡、盘面粗修整、砂轮盘精密动平衡以及盘面精密修整的工艺步骤。为尽量降低金刚石砂轮盘的端面全跳动,对主轴转速、修整压力、单次进给修整深度以及主轴往复运动频率进行综合分析,优选了金刚石砂轮盘的精修整工艺参数,得到的盘面精度很高,端面全跳动优于2μm,很好地满足了当前高精度金刚石刀具刃磨所需的金刚石砂轮盘。1. The present invention provides a process method suitable for fine dressing of bronze diamond grinding wheel discs. The process steps of rough grinding of the disc surface, preliminary dynamic balancing of the grinding wheel disc, rough dressing of the disc surface, precise dynamic balancing of the grinding wheel disc and fine dressing of the disc surface are rationally designed. . In order to minimize the end run-out of the diamond grinding wheel disc, the finishing process parameters of the diamond grinding wheel disc were optimized through a comprehensive analysis of the spindle speed, dressing pressure, dressing depth in a single feed and the reciprocating frequency of the main shaft, and the obtained disc surface has high precision. , the full runout of the end face is better than 2 μm, which satisfies the diamond grinding wheel disc required for the current high-precision diamond tool sharpening.
2、本发明操作简单,成本低,而且修整得到的金刚石砂轮盘精度很高。采用本发明对工作面尺寸为Φ35~Φ86mm的青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行精密修整,在位检测其端面全跳动值可小于2μm。此时,砂轮盘工作在3000~4200r/min转速下,在金刚石刀具研磨机自带的光学监控系统观察单点金刚石修整笔投影,能实现静止不动。2. The present invention is easy to operate and low in cost, and the diamond grinding wheel disk obtained by trimming has high precision. By adopting the present invention, the bronze diamond grinding wheel with the working surface size of Φ35-Φ86mm is precisely trimmed, and the full run-out value of the end surface can be less than 2 μm in the on-site detection. At this time, the grinding wheel disk works at a speed of 3000-4200r/min, and the single-point diamond dressing pen projection can be observed by the optical monitoring system that comes with the diamond tool grinder, and it can be static.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是青铜金刚石砂轮盘图片;Figure 1 is a picture of a bronze diamond grinding wheel;
图2是安装青铜金刚石砂轮盘的专用夹具图片;Figure 2 is a picture of the special fixture for installing the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc;
图3是对青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行动平衡检测的动平衡机图片;Figure 3 is a picture of a dynamic balancing machine for performing dynamic balance detection on bronze diamond grinding wheel discs;
图4是对青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行修整所用的金刚石刀具研磨机图片;Fig. 4 is the picture of the diamond tool grinding machine used for dressing the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc;
图5是青铜金刚石刀具研磨机关键部件的运动简意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the key components of the bronze diamond tool grinder;
图6是粗修整所用头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔图片;Fig. 6 is a picture of a single-point dressing pen with an average particle diameter of 1mm irregular natural diamond particles welded to the head used for rough dressing;
图7是精修整所用头部为60°圆锥笔尖的单点金刚石修整笔图片;Fig. 7 is a picture of a single-point diamond trimming pen whose head is a 60° conical nib for finishing;
图8是对青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行在位端面全跳动检测的激光位移传感器测头图片。Figure 8 is a photo of the laser displacement sensor measuring head for full runout detection of the in-position end face of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明,但并不局限于此,凡是对本发明技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围中。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it is not limited thereto. Any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. within the scope of protection.
具体实施方式一:一种端面全跳动优于2μm的青铜金刚石砂轮盘精密修整方法,所述的方法步骤如下:Specific embodiment 1: a method for finely dressing a bronze diamond grinding wheel disc with a full runout of an end surface better than 2 μm, the steps of the method are as follows:
步骤一:青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的粗磨;在平磨机床上,以青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面定位,采用陶瓷或树脂金刚石砂轮对青铜金刚石砂轮盘的盘顶面进行磨削,单次进给的磨削深度设为10~15μm,多次磨削至青铜金刚石砂轮盘顶面被磨削平整即可停止,如图1所示;Step 1: Coarse grinding of the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel; on the flat grinding machine, the bottom surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel is positioned, and the ceramic or resin diamond grinding wheel is used to grind the top surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel. The cutting depth is set to 10-15 μm, and the grinding can be stopped until the top surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel is ground flat, as shown in Figure 1;
步骤二:青铜金刚石砂轮盘的初步动平衡;将青铜金刚石砂轮盘安装到图2所示的专用夹具上,然后将其安装于图3所示的动平衡机上检测青铜金刚石砂轮盘质量偏心量及偏心位置,根据检测结果在青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面按动平衡机所指示位置作好标记,取下砂轮盘,根据所检测的偏心量、青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面材料密度和钻头直径计算出标记处所需钻孔深度,然后在钻床上完成钻孔操作,去除多余的偏心质量。在计算所需钻孔深度时,设所检测的偏心量大小为m,金刚石砂轮盘面材料密度为ρ,所使用的钻头直径为d,钻头顶角为φ,则所需钻孔深度h的计算公式如下:Step 2: Preliminary dynamic balance of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disk; install the bronze diamond grinding wheel disk on the special fixture shown in Figure 2, and then install it on the dynamic balancing machine shown in Figure 3 to detect the mass eccentricity of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disk and For the eccentric position, mark the position indicated by the dynamic balancing machine on the bottom of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc according to the test results, remove the grinding wheel disc, and calculate the marked position according to the detected eccentricity, the material density of the bottom surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc and the diameter of the drill bit Drill the hole to the desired depth, then complete the drilling operation on a drill press to remove excess eccentric mass. When calculating the required drilling depth, assume that the detected eccentricity is m, the material density of the diamond grinding wheel surface is ρ, the diameter of the drill used is d, and the apex angle of the drill is φ, then the calculation of the required drilling depth h The formula is as follows:
步骤三:青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的粗修整;将装在专用夹具上的青铜金刚石砂轮盘安装于图4和图5所示的金刚石刀具研磨机的主轴上,然后采用图6所示头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔,把它安装到图5所示的金刚石刀具研磨机的分度夹具后对青铜金刚石砂轮盘面进行粗修整,设置修整工艺参数为:主轴转速3000~3600r/min,修整压力15~20N,单次进给修整深度2~3μm,主轴往复运动频率0.08~0.10Hz;Step 3: Coarse trimming of the bronze diamond grinding wheel surface; install the bronze diamond grinding wheel mounted on the special fixture on the spindle of the diamond tool grinding machine shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, and then use the head as shown in Figure 6 to weld the A single-point dressing pen with an average particle size of 1mm and irregular natural diamond particles is installed on the indexing fixture of the diamond tool grinder shown in Figure 5, and then the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel is roughly trimmed, and the trimming process parameters are set as: spindle The speed is 3000~3600r/min, the dressing pressure is 15~20N, the dressing depth is 2~3μm in a single feed, and the reciprocating frequency of the main shaft is 0.08~0.10Hz;
修整前利用金刚石刀具研磨机自带的光学监控系统观察头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔头部并调整图4和图5所示摆轴(为摆轴组件中的一个部件)的位置,保证头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔头部金刚石颗粒的尖锐部分参与修整;Before dressing, use the optical monitoring system that comes with the diamond tool grinder to observe the single-point dressing pen head welded with irregular natural diamond particles with an average particle size of 1mm, and adjust the swing axis shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 (the swing axis is The position of a component in the assembly) ensures that the sharp part of the diamond particles on the head of the single-point trimming pen head welded with irregular natural diamond particles with an average particle size of 1mm participates in the trimming;
步骤四:青铜金刚石砂轮盘的精密动平衡;将青铜金刚石砂轮盘从金刚石刀具研磨机主轴上取下,然后把它安装于动平衡机上对其再次进行精密动平衡;Step 4: Precise dynamic balance of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc; remove the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc from the spindle of the diamond tool grinder, and then install it on the dynamic balancing machine for fine dynamic balancing again;
步骤五:将头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔取下,再将图7所示的60°圆锥笔尖的单点金刚石修整笔安装于图5所示的金刚石刀具研磨机分度夹具上,对图4及图5所示金刚石刀具研磨机的摆轴进行清零操作,清零完成后设置图5所述的分度夹具轴线与青铜金刚石砂轮盘盘面夹角为31°~35°,采用800#的青铜金刚石砂轮盘将60°圆锥笔尖的单点金刚石修整笔的笔尖滚磨尖锐,至滚磨发出的声音均匀、连续即可停止;Step 5: Remove the single-point trimming pen with irregular natural diamond particles with an average particle size of 1 mm welded on the head, and then install the single-point diamond trimming pen with a 60° conical tip shown in Figure 7 on the On the indexing fixture of the diamond tool grinder, perform zero reset operation on the pendulum shaft of the diamond tool grinder shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, and set the axis of the indexing fixture as shown in Figure 5 and the surface clamp of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc after clearing is completed. The angle is 31°~35°. Use 800# bronze diamond grinding wheel to sharpen the tip of the single-point diamond dressing pen with a 60° conical tip until the sound of the grinding is uniform and continuous.
步骤六:将经过步骤四精密动平衡后的青铜金刚石砂轮盘再次安装于图4所示金刚石刀具研磨机主轴上,对图4及图5所述的摆轴重新进行清零操作,清零完成后设置图5所示分度夹具轴线与青铜金刚石砂轮盘盘面夹角为75°~80°;Step 6: Install the bronze diamond grinding wheel disk after the precise dynamic balance in step 4 on the main shaft of the diamond tool grinder shown in Figure 4, and reset the pendulum shaft described in Figure 4 and Figure 5 again, and the zeroing is completed Then set the angle between the axis of the indexing fixture shown in Figure 5 and the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel to be 75° to 80°;
步骤七:恒温控制图4金刚石刀具研磨机周围环境温度为20℃~25℃,,恒温精度±0.5℃,在金刚石刀具研磨机的主轴冷却水循环系统正常工作情况下,空载静置金刚石刀具研磨机,使其性能达到稳定状态;Step 7: Constant temperature control Figure 4 The ambient temperature of the diamond tool grinder is 20°C to 25°C, and the constant temperature accuracy is ±0.5°C. Under the normal working condition of the spindle cooling water circulation system of the diamond tool grinder, the diamond tool is ground without load. Machine, so that its performance reaches a stable state;
步骤八:青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的精修整;采用优选的精修整工艺参数对青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行精修整;Step 8: Finishing of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc surface; adopting the preferred finishing process parameters to carry out finishing dressing of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc;
步骤九:如图8所示,将激光位移传感器安装于金刚石刀具研磨机上对精修整后的青铜金刚石砂轮盘被修整平坦的表面进行在位检测,测得青铜金刚石砂轮盘端面全跳动值。Step 9: As shown in Figure 8, install the laser displacement sensor on the diamond tool grinding machine to perform in-situ detection on the trimmed flat surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc after finishing, and measure the full runout value of the end face of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc.
按照上述步骤对工作面尺寸为Φ35-Φ86mm的青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行精密修整,在位检测其端面全跳动值可优于2μm,达到了较高的精度水平。According to the above steps, the bronze diamond grinding wheel with the working face size of Φ35-Φ86mm is finely dressed, and the end face full runout value of the in-situ detection can be better than 2μm, reaching a high level of precision.
青铜金刚石砂轮盘、专用夹具、动平衡机、金刚石刀具研磨机、焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点金刚石修整笔、60°圆锥笔尖的单点金刚石修整笔均为现有技术。Bronze diamond grinding wheel disc, special fixture, dynamic balancing machine, diamond tool grinder, single-point diamond dressing pen welded with irregular natural diamond particles with an average particle size of 1 mm, and single-point diamond dressing pen with 60° conical pen tip are all available technology.
具体实施方式二:本实施方式是对具体实施方式一作出的进一步说明,所述的步骤三中,修整前利用金刚石刀具研磨机自带的光学监控系统观察大颗粒天然金刚石的单点修整笔头部并调整摆轴位置,保证头部焊有平均粒径为1mm不规则天然金刚石颗粒的单点修整笔头部金刚石颗粒的尖锐部分参与修整,在每次修整30min后,将激光位移传感器安装于金刚石刀具研磨机上对青铜金刚石砂轮盘面的修整精度进行在位检测,若青铜金刚石砂轮盘端面全跳动值小于5μm,则可继续进行步骤四操作,否则重复步骤三至砂轮盘端面全跳动值小于5μm为止。Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is a further description of specific embodiment 1. In the step 3, use the optical monitoring system that comes with the diamond tool grinder to observe the single-point trimming pen tip of the large-grain natural diamond before trimming. and adjust the position of the pendulum axis to ensure that the sharp part of the diamond particles on the head of the single-point dressing pen with an average particle size of 1mm irregular natural diamond particles is welded to the head to participate in the trimming. After each trimming for 30 minutes, the laser displacement sensor is installed on the On-site inspection of the dressing accuracy of the bronze diamond grinding wheel surface on the diamond tool grinding machine, if the total runout value of the end surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc is less than 5 μm, proceed to step 4, otherwise repeat step 3 until the full runout value of the end surface of the grinding wheel disc is less than 5 μm until.
具体实施方式三:本实施方式是对具体实施方式一或二作出的进一步说明,所述的步骤四的具体步骤如下:Specific implementation mode three: this implementation mode is a further description of specific implementation mode one or two, and the specific steps of the described step four are as follows:
将青铜金刚石砂轮盘从图4所示研磨机主轴上取下,将青铜金刚石砂轮盘安装于图3所示动平衡机上检测青铜金刚石砂轮盘质量偏心量及偏心位置,在青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面按动平衡机所指示位置作好标记,取下青铜金刚石砂轮盘,根据所检测的偏心量、青铜金刚石砂轮盘底面材料密度和钻头直径计算出标记处所需钻孔深度,然后在钻床上进行钻孔操作,钻孔完成后重新在动平衡机上检测青铜金刚石砂轮盘质量偏心量及偏心位置,若青铜金刚石砂轮盘质量偏心量小于0.1g,则可进行步骤五操作,否则重复步骤四至青铜金刚石砂轮盘质量偏心量小于0.1g为止。Remove the bronze diamond grinding wheel from the main shaft of the grinding machine shown in Figure 4, install the bronze diamond grinding wheel on the dynamic balancing machine shown in Figure 3 to detect the mass eccentricity and eccentric position of the bronze diamond grinding wheel, press the button on the bottom of the bronze diamond grinding wheel Mark the position indicated by the dynamic balancing machine, remove the bronze diamond grinding wheel, calculate the required drilling depth at the mark according to the detected eccentricity, the material density of the bottom surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel and the diameter of the drill bit, and then drill on the drilling machine Hole operation, after the drilling is completed, check the mass eccentricity and eccentric position of the bronze diamond grinding wheel on the dynamic balancing machine. If the mass eccentricity of the bronze diamond grinding wheel is less than 0.1g, you can proceed to step 5, otherwise repeat step 4 to the bronze diamond grinding wheel Disc mass eccentricity is less than 0.1g.
具体实施方式四:本实施方式是对具体实施方式一作出的进一步说明,所述的步骤八中,对青铜金刚石砂轮盘进行精修整,精修整工艺参数设置为:主轴转速3000r/min,修整压力14.7N,单次进给修整深度1μm,主轴往复运动频率0.08Hz,精修整过程中,如图5所示进给箱共进给8次,每次精修至修整时60°圆锥笔尖的单点金刚石修整笔笔尖均匀一致地划过青铜金刚石砂轮盘表面,发出的声音细小且均匀连续即可继续进给1μm,开始新一次精修。Embodiment 4: This embodiment is a further description of Embodiment 1. In the eighth step, the bronze diamond grinding wheel disc is finely dressed, and the finishing process parameters are set as: spindle speed 3000r/min, dressing pressure 14.7N, single feed dressing depth 1μm, main shaft reciprocating frequency 0.08Hz, during the finishing process, the feeding box is fed 8 times as shown in Figure 5, and each time finishing to the single point of the 60° conical pen tip when dressing. Point the tip of the diamond dressing pen to evenly and consistently scratch the surface of the bronze diamond grinding wheel, the sound is small and even and continuous, and then continue to feed 1μm, and start a new finishing.
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