CN107442264A - The wet split recovery process of valuable component in a kind of waste printed circuit board - Google Patents
The wet split recovery process of valuable component in a kind of waste printed circuit board Download PDFInfo
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- CN107442264A CN107442264A CN201710486372.3A CN201710486372A CN107442264A CN 107442264 A CN107442264 A CN 107442264A CN 201710486372 A CN201710486372 A CN 201710486372A CN 107442264 A CN107442264 A CN 107442264A
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- circuit board
- printed circuit
- waste printed
- wet
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010334 sieve classification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(=O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003471 mutagenic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000707 mutagenic chemical Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 silver and zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wet split recovery process of valuable component in waste printed circuit board, including:Step 1, waste printed circuit board disassembled to obtain waste printed circuit board bare board;Step 2, solder is removed to waste printed circuit board bare board;Step 3, the wet method coarse crushing and wet method is in small, broken bits obtains waste printed circuit board particle successively of the waste printed circuit board bare board after solder will be removed;Step 4, waste printed circuit board particle screening is classified, obtains the material that particle size fraction is 1+0.5mm, 0.5+0.25mm, 0.25+0.074mm and 0.074mm;Step 5, by particle size fraction be 1+0.5mm, 0.5+0.25mm, 0.25+0.074mm and 0.074mm material feed respectively distinct device sorting, respectively obtain metal concentrate and nonmetallic enrichment body;Step 6, metal concentrate and nonmetallic enrichment body be separately recovered.Have the beneficial effect that:Separate the metal component and nonmetallic ingredient in different grain size level material using a variety of physical separation technologies, obtained metal concentrate and nonmetallic enrichment body product quality preferably, the rate of recovery it is higher, environmental pollution is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to valuable group in Disposal of Electronic Wastes recycling field, more particularly to a kind of waste printed circuit board
The wet split recovery process divided.
Background technology
In recent years, Electronic products manufacturing industry is being developed with stable speed always, continuous progress and people with science and technology
Continuous improvement of the class to electronic product functional requirement, the life cycle shortened of electronic product, resulting electronic waste
Thing is more and more.According to European Union's related data statistics, electron wastes growth rate during 2008 to 2014 is always maintained at
It it is 4 times of common rubbish 11% or so.United Nations University's issue《Global electronic garbage monitoring in 2014》In point out,
Global common property in 2014 gives birth to 41,800,000 tons of electronic wastes, but only 16% electronic waste is recycled or reused.
Contain the metal such as electronic component, the higher copper of grade, aluminium, iron, gold, silver that can be largely continuing with discarded printed circuit boards
With precious metal material, and the nonmetallic materials such as glass and plastics, there is significant resourceization regeneration value.For example, 1 ton of print
The gold contained in printed circuit board is up to more than 80 grams.Important component of the printed circuit board (PCB) as electronic product, due to its material
Material composition and combination are extremely complex, and liberation degree of minerals is small, and metal component and nonmetallic ingredient are not easy to realize separation, and it is integrated
The problem of recycling is always individual considerably complicated.
The technology of recovery waste printed circuit board is broadly divided into physiochemical mutagens technology, pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgical etc. three at present
Kind technology.Pyrometallurgy recovery waste printed circuit board efficiency high, technique are simple, but caused environmental pollution is larger.Hydrometallurgy energy
Consume small, synthetical recovery efficiency high, but general more complicated, the caused more difficult recycling of acid waste liquid of technological process.Physiochemical mutagens
Technology is green, organic efficiency is high, technique is simple, but due at present mostly using the discarded electricity of single one physical sorting technology recovery
Road plate, sharpness of separation are relatively low so that the resultant metal grade after sorting is difficult to the demand for reaching relevant industries, while causes many
In nonmetallic enrichment body, ultimately resulting in valuable component in waste printed circuit board can not effectively reclaim for metal component mispairing.
The content of the invention
In view of above-mentioned analysis, the present invention is intended to provide the wet split of valuable component reclaims work in a kind of waste printed circuit board
Skill, it is relatively low that material size narrow range, organic efficiency are applicable caused by solve the problems, such as existing single one physical recovery technology.
The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:
The wet split recovery process of valuable component, is mainly included the following steps that in a kind of waste printed circuit board:
Step 1, waste printed circuit board disassembled, the waste printed circuit board bare board after being disassembled;
Step 2, removing solder is carried out to waste printed circuit board bare board;
Step 3, the waste printed circuit board bare board after solder will be removed carry out wet method coarse crushing successively and wet method is in small, broken bits, discarded
Circuit board particle;
Step 4, waste printed circuit board particle is fed to Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve progress sieve classification, it is -1+ to obtain particle size fraction
0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm, -0.25+0.074mm and -0.074mm material;
Step 5, the material that particle size fraction is -1+0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm and -0.074mm is fed into reducing water be respectively situated between
Matter sorting bed, waterpower shaking table and Falcon centrifugal classifiers are sorted;The material that particle size fraction is -0.25+0.074mm is fed
Flotation device is sorted;It is sorted, respectively obtain metal concentrate and nonmetallic enrichment body;
Step 6, each equipment is sorted into obtained metal concentrate and nonmetallic enrichment body is reclaimed respectively.
Present invention process individually sorts after waste printed circuit board particle is carried out into multilayer sieve classification, compared with prior art,
The advantages of present invention is using individually sorting:First, one narrower particle size fraction material can be directed to and select adaptable screening installation,
Influence of the raw meal particle size to sharpness of separation is reduced, so as to strengthen material in screening installation by density separation;Second, from adaptation
The narrower particle size fraction material of screening installation, can play the advantage of each screening installation to large extent, various kinds of equipment have one compared with
Preferable material size scope, when pan feeding is within this particle size range, separating effect is preferable.
Further, the component that waste printed circuit board is disassembled to obtain is passed sequentially through into component point in the step 1
Class, component performance detection carry out classification processing.
Disassembling the component that waste printed circuit board obtains includes resistance, electric capacity, inductance, diode, triode, relay, collection
Into circuit etc., whether intact, the intact component of function is classified as if detecting the function of these components by using universal meter
Recycling component;By function damage and component containing harmful substances such as PBBs, PCBs be classified as it is poisonous
Harmful component;The component that some functions are damaged but tenor is higher is classified as the high component of tenor, such as inserted
The content of aluminium and copper is higher in groove;The component for disassembling to obtain be divided into the high component of recycling component, tenor and
Poisonous and harmful component, wherein, recycling component can be used in the maintenance of used equipment and the production of new component;To metal
The high component of content carries out smelting processing, to reclaim valuable metal therein;And poisonous and harmful component then gives up according to solid
The relevant laws and regulations processing such as the thing pollution anti-therapy of environment.
Further, in the step 2, the scruff obtained to removing solder is slightly refined and refined successively, is met
The solder of national standard.
Further, in the step 3, using wet type bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine and wet type impact-hammer type disintegrator to removing
Waste printed circuit board bare board after solder carries out wet method coarse crushing successively and wet method is in small, broken bits.
The present invention carries out wet method coarse crushing and wet method is in small, broken bits can effectively reduce dust and toxic and harmful gas in shattering process
Generation.
Further, the crushing circuit of the wet method coarse crushing and wet method composition in small, broken bits is two-stage wet method crushing circuit.
In shattering process, it is once a reduction stage that the granularity of material, which often reduces, and the form of the composition of reduction stage has:1) it is single
One crushing operation;2) pre-screening-crushing operation;3)-check screening operation is crushed;4) pre-screening-broken-check screening is made
Industry;The present invention is in small, broken bits using wet method coarse crushing and wet method, therefore referred to as two-stage wet method crushes;Two-stage wet method of the present invention is broken
It is broken relative to single hop wet crushing flow, two-stage wet method is broken to have that crushing efficiency is high, good (product granularity is more equal for product performance
Even, it is smaller to cross degree of grinding), energy consumption it is low and the advantages of sorting index is higher.
Further, the waste printed circuit board grain diameter obtained after the wet method coarse crushing is less than 20mm, and the wet method is in small, broken bits
The waste printed circuit board grain diameter obtained afterwards is less than 1mm.
Step 3 of the present invention finally gives waste printed circuit board grain diameter after wet method is in small, broken bits and is less than 1mm, be in order that its
In metal component dissociated as far as possible with nonmetallic ingredient, to improve the sorting index of crushed product, for follow-up further sorting
Create favorable conditions.
Further, in the step 3, the volume of the water added during wet method coarse crushing accounts for wet type bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine
The 10%~20% of crusher chamber volume, the volume of the water added during wet method is in small, broken bits account for wet type beater type crushing chamber of crusher
The 20%~30% of volume.
The present invention carries out that broken crushing effect is good using wet method, effectively the generation of reduction dust and pernicious gas.
Further, in the step 4, the screen size of the Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve be successively from top to bottom 1mm,
0.5mm, 0.25mm and 0.074mm;In the Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve the suitable adjustable range of shake frequency of vibrating motor be 900~
1500 times/min, the suitable adjustable range of amplitude is 4~8mm, and the suitable adjustable range of vibrating direction angle is 40 °~60 °.
Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve can improve screening efficiency, and screen size is depending on the raw meal particle size level of equipment sorting
's;Wet method Multilayer vibrating screen mainly plays screening and dehydration.
Further, in the step 5, -1+0.5mm particle size fractions the material feeds the sorting of diameter-verifying water medium sorting bed,
The material size scope of the diameter-verifying water medium sorting bed is 0.25~1mm, and disposal ability is 6~21kg/h;Water velocity is fitted
Suitable adjustable range is 5.5~7.5m3/ h, the suitable adjustable range in bed body inclination angle are 25 °~40 °, the suitable adjustable range of delivery rate
For 100~350g/min.
The present invention selects above-mentioned parameter scope, can obtain preferable separating effect, the metal concentrate for sorting to obtain
Metal content is higher than 90%, and metal recovery rate is higher than 90%.
Further, in the step 5, -0.5+0.25mm particle size fractions the material feeds waterpower separation by shaking table, the water
The material size scope of power shaking table is 0~0.5mm, and disposal ability is 50~100kg/h;The suitable adjustable range of stroke be 8~
30mm, the suitable adjustable range of jig frequency are 240~380 times/min, and the suitable adjustable range of cross fall is 2.5 °~4.5 °, dense to ore deposit
Suitable adjustable range is spent for 10%~30%.
The present invention selects above-mentioned parameter scope, can obtain preferable separating effect, the metal concentrate for sorting to obtain
Metal content is higher than 85%, and metal recovery rate is higher than 90%.
Further, in the step 5, -0.074mm particle size fractions the material feeds Falcon centrifugal classifiers, described
The material size scope of Falcon centrifugal classifiers is 0~0.5mm, and disposal ability is 6~18kg/h;It is suitable to enter the water pressure that recoils
Adjustable range is 0.01~0.04MPa, and the suitable adjustable range of roller speed is 30~50Hz, and feed thickness suitably adjusts model
Enclose for 20~40g/L.
The present invention selects above-mentioned parameter scope, can obtain preferable separating effect, the metal concentrate for sorting to obtain
Metal content is higher than 85%, and metal recovery rate is higher than 75%.
Further, in the step 5, -0.25+0.074mm particle size fractions the material feeds flotation device and sorted, first
First carry out a reverse flotation and obtain nonmetallic enrichment body, secondary direct flotation then is carried out to the metal concentrate that sorting obtains, obtained
To copper concentrate and flotation tailing.
The present invention can obtain nonmetallic enrichment body by a reverse flotation;Secondary direct flotation is carried out to metal concentrate,
Copper concentrate can be obtained;Can obtain three kinds of products by flotation twice in succession, i.e., nonmetallic enrichment body, copper concentrate and containing gold,
Metal and its compound such as silver and zinc, improve product quality, obtain a greater variety of valuable components.
Further, the material size scope of the flotation device is 0~0.25mm, and flotation cell volume is 1.5L, handles energy
Power is 6~12kg/h;The suitable adjustable range of wheel speed is 0~2600r/min, the suitable adjustable range of scraper plate rotating speed is 5~
30r/min;The suitable adjustable range of aeration quantity is 100~600mL/ (m2Min), the suitable adjustable range of slurry temperature is 20~30
DEG C, the suitable adjustable range of ore pulp mass concentration is 100~200g/L.
The present invention selects above-mentioned parameter scope, can obtain preferable separating effect, and the metal that a reverse flotation obtains is rich
The metal content of collective is higher than 85%, and metal recovery rate is higher than 85%;The grade for the Copper in Concentrate that secondary flotation obtains is higher than
85%, the rate of recovery of copper is higher than 80%.
Further, the flotation tailing after secondary direct flotation is filtered, the flotation is then reclaimed using wet magnetic separation
Magnetisable material in mine tailing, the magnetisable material mainly include iron, nickel;Using in acid leaching process and electrolysis recovery magnetic tailing
Silver;Using gold, platinum and the palladium in aqua regia dissolution method and extraction recovery magnetic tailing;
Further, the metal concentrate for sorting to obtain in step 6 is filtered, then reclaimed using wet magnetic separator
Magnetisable material therein, the magnetisable material mainly include iron, nickel;Using in acid leaching process and electrolysis recovery metal concentrate
Copper and silver;Using gold, platinum and the palladium in aqua regia dissolution method and extraction recovery metal concentrate.
Further, the nonmetallic enrichment body for sorting to obtain in the step 6 can be used for preparing modified pitch, as compound
The packing material of material and heat treatment prepare activated carbon and porous silicate.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
(1) present invention process is according to the chemical composition of waste printed circuit board, physical characteristic and metal enrichment situation, using more
Metal component and nonmetallic ingredient in kind of physical separation technology separation different grain size level material, obtained metal concentrate and non-
The quality of metal concentrate product is higher, and the rate of recovery is higher, and assorting room is economic and environment-friendly;
(2) present invention uses wet split recovery process, effectively reduces the dirt of dust and toxic and harmful gas to environment
Dye.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will illustrate in the following description, also, partial feature and advantage from
Become apparent in specification, or understood by implementing the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can by
Specifically noted structure is realized and obtained in specification, claims and the accompanying drawing write.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is only used for showing the purpose of specific embodiment, and is not considered as limitation of the present invention, in whole accompanying drawing
In, identical reference symbol represents identical part.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the wet split recovery process of valuable component in waste printed circuit board of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein, accompanying drawing forms the application part, and
It is used for the principle for explaining the present invention together with embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The wet split recovery process of valuable component in a kind of waste printed circuit board of the present invention, idiographic flow is as shown in figure 1, originally
Embodiment is as follows to the wet split recovery process for discarding valuable component in computer main board:
Step 1, discarded computer main board disassembled, the discarded computer main board bare board after being disassembled, the member under disassembling
Device is classified by component and performance test process, respectively obtains recycling component, the high component of tenor
And poisonous, harmful class of component three;Recycling component is used for the maintenance of used equipment and the production of new component;Metal is contained
Measure high component and carry out smelting processing, reclaim valuable metal therein;It is dirty according to solid waste to poisonous, harmful component
Contaminate the processing of the relevant laws and regulations such as environment anti-therapy;It is resistance, electric capacity, electricity that the present embodiment, which discards the component that computer main board is disassembled to obtain,
Whether sense, diode, triode, relay, integrated circuit etc., it is intact to detect the function of these components by universal meter, will
The intact component of function is classified as recycling component;Function is damaged and harmful containing PBBs, PCB etc.
The component of material is classified as poisonous and harmful component;By component (such as slot that some functions are damaged but tenor is higher
The content of middle aluminium and copper is higher) it is classified as the high component of tenor;
Step 2, discarded computer main board bare board is carried out to remove solder processing;Then the scruff obtained to removing solder is successively
Slightly refine and refine obtaining the solder for meeting national standard;The present embodiment uses heating quicksand method removing solder;
Step 3, using wet type bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine and wet type impact-hammer type disintegrator to the discarded electricity after removing solder
Brain mainboard bare board carries out wet method coarse crushing respectively and wet method is in small, broken bits, obtains discarded computer main board particle;Fragment after wet method coarse crushing
Material granularity is less than 20mm, and the broken material granularity after wet method is in small, broken bits is less than 1mm, eventually passes through two sections and broken obtain granularity and be less than
1mm waste printed circuit board particle;
Step 4, the discarded computer main board particle after wet method is in small, broken bits is fed Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve and sieve and is divided
Level, obtain material of the particle size fraction for -1+0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm, -0.25+0.074mm and -0.074mm, each particle size fraction thing
The mass percent of material is respectively 35%, 15%, 27% and 23%;
The step 5, -1+0.5mm by after classification, -0.5+0.25mm and -0.074mm particle size fraction materials feed reducing successively
Aqueous medium sorting bed, waterpower shaking table and Falcon centrifugal classifiers are sorted, and respectively obtain metal concentrate and nonmetallic richness
Collective;- 0.25+0.074mm particle size fraction materials after classification are fed into flotation device, a reverse flotation is carried out, obtains nonmetallic gold
Category enrichment body and metal concentrate;The metal concentrate that reverse flotation of -0.25+0.074mm particle size fractions material is obtained is carried out
Secondary direct flotation, obtains copper concentrate, and the flotation tailing after secondary direct flotation is filtered.
Step 6, the gold for sorting to obtain by -1+0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm and -0.074mm particle size fractions circuit board materials
Category enrichment body is reclaimed, by the circuit board of -1+0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm, -0.25+0.074mm and -0.074mm particle size fractions
Obtained nonmetallic enrichment body is sorted to be reclaimed.
It is noted that the feed size scope of the wet type bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine used is 80~200mm, discharging-material size
Scope is 15~50mm, and discharging-material size scope is adjusted by double teeth roller spacing, it is allowed to which material water ratio is less than 20%.The present embodiment
Wet type bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine is mainly made up of the part such as motor, deceleration system, bearing, feeding mouth, discaling roll and frame, is worked
When, rack-mounted motor and deceleration system drive drive roll to rotate by bearing, and drive roll passes through gear drive quilt
Dynamic roller.Drive roll is identical with passive roll structure, and surface is distributed by straight tooth-shaped into groove profile.The straight-tooth of drive roll and driven roll is stung mutually
Cooperation move toward one another, when material is entered between two rollers by feeding mouth, under roller normal pressure, frictional force effect, by two
The breaker roll of move toward one another is involved in crusher chamber, and material is cut into the fillet with straight-tooth similar width.Wet type bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine
The advantages of:The spacing of two tooth rods can be adjusted according to material thickness, hardness and treating capacity.Disintegrating machine during the present embodiment coarse crushing
The volume of the water of middle addition accounts for the 20% of broken cavity volume.
It is noted that the fine crushing device used is wet type impact-hammer type disintegrator, feed size scope is 10~40mm,
Discharging-material size scope is 0~3mm, it is allowed to which material water ratio is less than 25%.Wet type impact-hammer type disintegrator mainly by body, turn
The part such as son, castor bar body and transmission device forms.During work, material equably feeds crusher chamber by loading hopper, and current pass through
Filler pipe enters crusher chamber, and material is broken under the tup impact, shearing splitting effect of revolution at a high speed, meanwhile, material itself
Action of Gravity Field make material from high speed rotation tup rush at support body Internal baffle, grating, more than the material quilt of screen size (1mm)
Detention continues the strike and grinding by tup on sieve plate, and just machine is discharged by sieve plate until being crushed to required discharging-material size
Outside.The volume of the water added during the present embodiment is in small, broken bits in disintegrating machine accounts for the 30% of broken cavity volume.
It is noted that wet method vibration multi-layer grading sieve screen cloth screen size be successively from top to bottom 1mm, 0.5mm,
0.25mm and 0.074mm;The suitable adjustable range of shake frequency of vibrating motor is 900~1500 times/min, the suitable adjustable range of amplitude
For 4~8mm, the suitable adjustable range of vibrating direction angle is 40 °~60 °;Screen material is woven wire cloth.
It is noted that diameter-verifying water medium sorting bed sorting -1+0.5mm particle size fraction materials, diameter-verifying water medium sorting bed master
To be made up of parts such as batch meter, bed body, fluid distributor, filter bag, cyclic water tank and water pumps;During work, it will be circulated with pump
Water in water tank is injected within sorting bed body by bed body underflow opening, and recirculated water overflows and flow back into recirculated water by overflow pipe after bed body
Case, so just form the power water circulation system of a closure;Then material feeds bed body by batch meter, using rotor stream
Gauge controls delivery rate, and light-heavy material is transported due to the difference of gravity and buoyancy suffered in aqueous medium along different tracks
Dynamic, light material is moved as light product along the movement locus of overflow water, and direction of the heavy material along recirculation water is along bed body
Inwall, which is slipped to bed body bottom, turns into weight product, so as to realize the separation of light-heavy material;Equipment design parameter is as follows, material size
Scope is 0.25~1mm, and disposal ability is 6~21kg/h;Diameter-verifying water medium sorting bed bed body base diameter is 200mm, bed body
Base diameter is 120mm, bed 800mm;The suitable adjustable range of water velocity is 5.5~7.5m3/ h, bed body inclination angle are fitted
Suitable adjustable range is 25 °~40 °, and the suitable adjustable range of delivery rate is 200~450g/min;The present embodiment pan feeding tenor
For 56.24%;During sorting, water velocity 6.3m3/ h, bed body inclination angle are 34 °, delivery rate 150g/min;Sorting obtains
Metal concentrate metal content be 93%, metal recovery rate 94%.
It is noted that waterpower separation by shaking table -0.5+0.25mm particle size fraction materials;Waterpower shaking table mainly by the head of a bed, motor,
The parts such as slope adjusting device, bed surface, feed launder, feed trough and riffling form;During work, flushing water is fed and is paved with horizontal stroke by feed trough
To on inclined bed surface, uniform inclined-plane sheet flow is formed;When pulp density be 10%~30% material by feed launder from
Flow on bed surface, ore particle loose, layering by the effect that current rinse and bed surface vibrates in riffling groove;Upper strata low-density ore deposit
Grain is located at the high density ore particle of bed bottom due to being moved downward by the larger flushing ability of current along bed surface lateral inclination
By bed surface differential motion and along bed surface lengthwise movement, discharged by driving end opposite;Different densities and the ore particle of granularity are in bed surface
On the horizontal and vertical effect that is subject to be different, thus their movement locus is also different, causes it on bed surface in sector
Distribution, finally realizes the separation of high/low density material.Equipment design parameter is as follows, and material size scope is 0~0.5mm, processing
Ability is 50~100kg/h;The suitable adjustable range of stroke is 8~30mm, and the suitable adjustable range of jig frequency is 240~380 times/min,
The suitable adjustable range of cross fall is 2.5 °~4.5 °, and the suitable adjustable range of feed ore concentration is 10%~30%;In the present embodiment
Pan feeding tenor be 32.52%;During sorting, stroke 18mm, jig frequency is 300 times/min, and cross fall is 3.2 °, to ore deposit
Concentration is 25%;The metal content for sorting obtained metal concentrate is 88%, metal recovery rate 92%.
It is noted that during using inflating mechanical agitation type flotation machine sorting -0.25+0.074mm particle size fraction materials, mainly
It is made up of parts such as support, cell body, mixing component, spindle unit, motor, frequency converter, flowmeter and controlling switches.During work,
Motor drives main shaft to rotate by motor pulley and spindle pulley, and impeller rotates with main shaft, then in cover plate and
Parital vacuum area is formed between impeller, air is sucked by suction pipe through air collector, while ore pulp (concentration is 100~200g/L) is through inhaling
Slurry pipe is inhaled into, and borrows guide vane of the centrifugal force through side edge thereof caused by impeller rotation to be got rid of into groove after the two mixing.Leaf
The strong agitation of wheel makes the air-dispersion in ore pulp into bubble and is uniformly distributed in ore pulp, when the ore particle of suspension is in bubble hit
During contact, the preferable ore particle of hydrophobicity is just attached on bubble and brought by bubble forms mineralized froth layer to liquid level, then by scraping
Plate is scraped as concentrate, and the ore particle being not attached on bubble stays in groove and is used as mine tailing.Equipment design parameter is as follows, material size
Scope is 0~0.25mm, and disposal ability is 6~12kg/h;The suitable adjustable range of wheel speed is 0~2600r/min, and impeller is straight
Footpath is 55mm, and the suitable adjustable range of scraper plate rotating speed is 5~30r/min;The suitable adjustable range of aeration quantity is 100~600mL/
(m2Min), the suitable adjustable range of slurry temperature is 20~30 DEG C, and the suitable adjustable range of ore pulp mass concentration is 100~200g/
L.A flotation in the present embodiment, pan feeding tenor are 18.35%;During sorting, wheel speed 1800r/min, scraper plate
Rotating speed is 15r/min, and aeration quantity is 400mL/ (m2Min), slurry temperature is 25 DEG C, and ore pulp mass concentration is 150g/L;Make
It is 60g/t for the kerosene dosage of collecting agent, the terpenic oil dosage as foaming agent is 30g/t;The metal that first time flotation obtains
The metal content for being enriched with body is 85%, metal recovery rate 87%;The pan feeding tenor of secondary flotation is 85%;During sorting,
Wheel speed is 1800r/min, and scraper plate rotating speed is 15r/min, and aeration quantity is 400mL/ (m2Min), slurry temperature is 25 DEG C,
Ore pulp mass concentration is 150g/L;Slurry pH is 3.9, and the double xanthate dosage as collecting agent is 80g/t, as foaming agent
Terpenic oil dosage is 30g/t;The grade for the copper that secondary flotation obtains is 87%, and the rate of recovery of copper is 84%.
It is noted that during using Falcon centrifugal classifier sorting -0.074mm particle size fraction materials, mainly by rotating cylinder, turn
The parts such as son, buffer board, glazing bar and feed pipe form;During work, material after sizing mixing (concentration is 20~40g/L) by mozzle
Into after the interior cylinder bottom of rotation, rotating cylinder inwall is thrown to by centrifugal force, meanwhile, there is the back-flushing of certain pressure from inside and outside
Water jacket between rotating cylinder flows vertically through the inlet opening on inwall, makes to sink into the material loosening between reflex circle or fluidization.
Under the collective effect of centrifugal force and back-flushing, the big material of the small density of granularity can overcome the Radial resistant force of back-flushing and centrifuge it is heavy
Drop or brill gap permeate material bed gap and arrive at cone wall, even very fine high density material can also penetrate bed, and it is close
Less material is spent because suffered centrifugal force is smaller, plus the effect for being difficult to overcome back-flushing, finally in the impulse force of axial current
Under the collective effect of the axial thrust load of centrifugal force, rotating cylinder turns into product from failing in back-out.Shutting down and interrupting feed feedwater
Intermittently, interior rotating cylinder is unloaded, wherein weight product will pour concentrate hopper as concentrate product.Equipment design parameter is as follows, material size
Scope is 0~0.5mm, and disposal ability is 6~18kg/h;It is 0.01~0.04MPa to enter the suitable adjustable range of the water pressure that recoils, rolling
The cylinder suitable adjustable range of speed is 30~50Hz, and the suitable adjustable range of feed thickness is 20~40g/L.In the present embodiment
Pan feeding tenor is 4.5%;During sorting, recoil water pressure is 0.03MPa, and roller speed is 35Hz, and feed thickness is
30g/L;The metal content for sorting obtained metal concentrate is 86%, metal recovery rate 76%.
It is noted that the flotation tailing that the present embodiment obtains to secondary direct flotation is carried out (containing metals such as gold, silver and zinc)
Filtering, magnetisable material iron in the flotation tailing, nickel etc. are then reclaimed using wet magnetic separation;Returned using acid leaching process and electrolysis
Receive the silver in magnetic tailing;Using gold, platinum and the palladium in aqua regia dissolution method and extraction recovery magnetic tailing.
It is noted that the present embodiment obtains to sorting -1+0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm and -0.074mm particle size fraction materials
Metal concentrate filtered, magnetisable material iron therein, nickel etc. are then reclaimed using wet magnetic separation;Using acid leaching process and
Copper and silver in electrolysis recovery magnetic tailing;Using gold, platinum and the palladium in aqua regia dissolution method and extraction recovery magnetic tailing;
It is noted that the nonmetallic richness being recovered to is used collectively to prepare modified pitch, as composite wood by the present embodiment
The packing material of material, heat treatment prepare activated carbon and porous silicate.
In summary, the invention provides a kind of wet split recovery process of valuable component in waste printed circuit board, this hair
Bright technique is according to the chemical composition of waste printed circuit board, physical characteristic and metal enrichment situation, using a variety of physical separation technologies
Separate the metal component and nonmetallic ingredient in different grain size level material, obtained metal concentrate and nonmetallic rich group product
Quality it is higher, the rate of recovery is higher, and assorting room is economic and environment-friendly, avoids the broken and dust pollution in assorting room and has
The effusion of malicious pernicious gas.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in,
It should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the wet split recovery process of valuable component in a kind of waste printed circuit board, it is characterised in that mainly include the following steps that:
Step 1, waste printed circuit board disassembled, the waste printed circuit board bare board after being disassembled;
Step 2, removing solder is carried out to waste printed circuit board bare board;
Step 3, the waste printed circuit board bare board after solder will be removed carry out wet method coarse crushing successively and wet method is in small, broken bits, obtain discarded circuit
Plate particle;
Step 4, waste printed circuit board particle is fed to Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve progress sieve classification, it is -1+ to obtain particle size fraction
0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm, -0.25+0.074mm and -0.074mm material;
Step 5, the material that particle size fraction is -1+0.5mm, -0.5+0.25mm and -0.074mm fed into diameter-verifying water medium point respectively
Bed, waterpower shaking table and Falcon centrifugal classifiers is selected to be sorted;The material that particle size fraction is -0.25+0.074mm is fed into flotation
Machine is sorted;It is sorted, respectively obtain metal concentrate and nonmetallic enrichment body;
Step 6, each equipment is sorted into obtained metal concentrate and nonmetallic enrichment body is reclaimed respectively.
2. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature exist in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 1
In, in the step 1 by the component that waste printed circuit board is disassembled to obtain pass sequentially through component classification, component performance examine
Survey carries out classification processing;In the step 2, the scruff obtained to removing solder is slightly refined and refined successively, obtains meeting state
The solder of family's standard.
3. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 1 or 2
It is, in the step 3, using wet type bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine and wet type impact-hammer type disintegrator to discarded after removing solder
Circuit board bare board carries out wet method coarse crushing successively and wet method is in small, broken bits.
4. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature exist in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 3
In the waste printed circuit board grain diameter obtained after the wet method coarse crushing is less than 20mm, the discarded electricity obtained after the wet method is in small, broken bits
Road plate grain diameter is less than 1mm.
5. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature exist in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 4
In in the step 3, the volume of the water added during wet method coarse crushing accounts for wet type bi-fluted roller type crushing chamber of crusher volume
10%~20%, the volume of the water added during wet method is in small, broken bits account for wet type beater type crushing chamber of crusher volume 20%~
30%.
6. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature exist in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 5
In, in the step 4, the screen size of the Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve be successively from top to bottom 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.25mm and
0.074mm;The suitable adjustable range of shake frequency of vibrating motor is 900~1500 times/min in the Wet multi-stage vibratory sieve, amplitude
Suitable adjustable range is 4~8mm, and the suitable adjustable range of vibrating direction angle is 40 °~60 °.
7. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature exist in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 6
In in the step 5, -1+0.5mm particle size fractions the material feeds the sorting of diameter-verifying water medium sorting bed, the diameter-verifying water medium
The material size scope of sorting bed is 0.25~1mm, and disposal ability is 6~21kg/h;The suitable adjustable range of water velocity is 5.5
~7.5m3/ h, the suitable adjustable range in bed body inclination angle are 25 °~40 °, and the suitable adjustable range of delivery rate is 100~350g/min;
- 0.5+0.25mm particle size fractions the material feeds waterpower separation by shaking table, the material size scope of the waterpower shaking table for 0~
0.5mm, disposal ability are 50~100kg/h;The suitable adjustable range of stroke is 8~30mm, the suitable adjustable range of jig frequency is 240~
380 times/min, the suitable adjustable range of cross fall is 2.5 °~4.5 °, and the suitable adjustable range of feed ore concentration is 10%~30%;
- 0.074mm particle size fractions the material feeds Falcon centrifugal classifiers, the material size of the Falcon centrifugal classifiers
Scope is 0~0.5mm, and disposal ability is 6~18kg/h;It is 0.01~0.04MPa to enter the suitable adjustable range of the water pressure that recoils, rolling
The cylinder suitable adjustable range of speed is 30~50Hz, and the suitable adjustable range of feed thickness is 20~40g/L;
- 0.25+0.074mm particle size fractions the material feeds flotation device and sorted, and carries out a reverse flotation first and obtains non-gold
Category enrichment body, then carries out secondary direct flotation to the metal concentrate that sorting obtains, obtains copper concentrate and flotation tailing.
8. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature exist in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 7
In the material size scope of the flotation device is 0~0.5mm, and flotation cell volume is 1.5L, and disposal ability is 6~12kg/h;Leaf
The suitable adjustable range of wheel speed is 0~2600r/min, and the suitable adjustable range of scraper plate rotating speed is 5~30r/min;Aeration quantity is suitable
Adjustable range is 100~600mL/ (m2Min), the suitable adjustable range of slurry temperature is 20~30 DEG C, and ore pulp mass concentration is fitted
Suitable adjustable range is 100~200g/L.
9. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, its feature exist in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 8
In being filtered to the flotation tailing after secondary direct flotation, then reclaim the Magnetic Materials in the flotation tailing using wet magnetic separation
Matter;Using the silver in acid leaching process and electrolysis recovery magnetic tailing;Using aqua regia dissolution method and extraction recovery magnetic tailing
In gold, platinum and palladium.
10. the wet split recovery process of valuable component, the step in a kind of waste printed circuit board according to claim 9
The nonmetallic enrichment body for sorting to obtain in 6 can be used for preparing modified pitch, the packing material as composite and heat treatment system
Standby activated carbon and porous silicate.
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PCT/CN2018/085436 WO2018233383A1 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2018-05-03 | Wet separation and recovery process for recovering valuable constituents from waste circuit board |
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