CN107435951A - A kind of energy-saving environment protection fire coal cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and purposes - Google Patents
A kind of energy-saving environment protection fire coal cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and purposes Download PDFInfo
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- CN107435951A CN107435951A CN201710823653.3A CN201710823653A CN107435951A CN 107435951 A CN107435951 A CN 107435951A CN 201710823653 A CN201710823653 A CN 201710823653A CN 107435951 A CN107435951 A CN 107435951A
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- cooking
- coal
- heating
- fired
- heating furnace
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- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 213
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical group [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
- F24B1/26—Stoves with additional provisions for cooking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
- F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B13/00—Details solely applicable to stoves or ranges burning solid fuels
- F24B13/02—Arrangement or mountings of fire-grate assemblies; Arrangement or mountings of linings for fire-boxes, e.g. fire-backs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating
- F24B7/02—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating with external air ducts
- F24B7/025—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating with external air ducts with forced circulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and purposes, cloth wind and deslagging function are provided separately in the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace, i.e. by being obliquely installed fire grate, the effect of cloth wind and support fire coal is played, deslagging is carried out by setting special bottom ash to discharge plate.The bottom ash discharge plate is in the end of cloth wind furnace grate, and its top is generally the bottom ash of abundant after-flame, will not discharge unburned coke in deslagging.Cloth wind and deslagging function are provided separately by the present invention, rationally set fire grate, avoid the waste of fire coal and deslagging excessively causes coal-char combustion area to destroy even " collapse stove " phenomenon, make the fire coal in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace can be with substantially stabilized smokeless burning.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal-fired combustion equipment field, is related to a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and use
On the way, more particularly to a kind of energy-saving environment protection fire coal cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and use for carrying out cloth wind and deslagging respectively
On the way.
Background technology
At present, the family of northern China certain areas, particularly small towns and country residentses, generally using native heating heating,
Due to the design of cooking stove, science, part coal are not unable to completely burned and discharged with cigarette, and utilization rate is low, not only coal consumption amount
Greatly, and serious pollution can be caused to air.Also, in real life, numerous rural subscribers are while heating, it is also desirable to
Stove can use simultaneously and cooking, such as heats up water, cooks and cooking, that is, needs stove to be provided simultaneously with heating and cooking function.
At present, domestic stove mainly has two kinds of coal-fired forms on the market：
It is positive to burn stove (Fig. 1 (a))：It is i.e. traditional most simply and most common direct combustion mode, flame during solid fuel ignition
Propagated along heat smoke nature flow direction, combustion intensity is high, and firepower is prosperous, can meet user's cooking demand.The positive stove that burns is applied to nothing
The low fuel of the volatile matters such as bituminous coal.Although just burning stove with good cooking ability, using bituminous coal dispersion coal or using bituminous coal as
Made of raw material during moulded coal, heating of being heated after being added due to fire coal, Volatile, discharged immediately with flue gas, volatile matter is difficult to
After-flame, cause a large amount of black smokes (tar, CO, VOC, sulphur and nitrogen oxide etc.) and people's smell of choking to be emerged, seriously pollute environment.
Reverse burning furnace (Fig. 1 (b))：I.e. solid fuel ignition when flame backheating flue gas nature flow direction propagate burning side
Formula, there is the characteristics of delaying Volatile speed, furnace temperature is high, burning is abundant, black smoke can be substantially eliminated, suitable for bituminous coal etc.
The high fuel of volatile matter.Because reverse burning furnace uses more backhaul designs more, to improve after-flame degree, firepower is weaker, therefore it should not be used
In cooking, it can only warm oneself, it is difficult to which by part, common people receive；Simultaneously because almost whole burner hearth is in oxygen-enriched high-temp combustion, nitrogen
Emissions of oxides concentration is higher.
For problem present in conventional oven, people work out the civil that can be applied to cooking and heating simultaneously
Stove-gasification furnace (such as CN 201212696Y and CN 201555250U), but have that stove combustion period is strong, load is not easy
Regulation, the defects of fire-sealing time is short and coal consumption is big.It can be brought rapidly up after coal, and volatile matter quickly separates out, and cause a large amount of
Sulphur and nitrogen oxides drastically separate out.
Fractional combustion stove is theoretical based on fractional combustion and develop, utilizes oneself pyrolysis gas under oxygen deprivation state of coal
The reducing substances such as coke caused by change and CO makes NO caused by coalxIt is reduced to N2, it is that uniquely there is this category feature both at home and abroad
Low nitrogen coal stove.
In existing civil cooking and heating furnace mostly, fire grate is rotatable or movable, the cloth wind with strip perforate
Plate.It primarily serves the effect of following three aspects：(1) to the coal-fired offer support in burner hearth；(2) provided by strip perforate
The air of burning；(3) fire grate is rocked and deslagging by the rotating handles being connected on fire grate.
However, in existing civil cooking and heating furnace mostly there is problems with being related to for fire grate：
(1) in coal-fired cooking heating furnace slag discharge, particularly when rotating handles rocks it is excessive when, the fire coal above furnace wall is big
Portion can all fall into ash bucket, stove is lost normal operating, it is necessary to light a fire again；
(2) due to the fire coal on fire grate, in deslagging may not abundant after-flame, be entrained discharging in deslagging, make
Lost into fire coal；
(3) to take into account cloth wind and deslagging requirement, the perforate of fire grate is often bigger, although facilitating deslagging, causes
Air capacity is excessive, causes the problems such as flue gas heat loss is big, and NO_x formation concentration is high.
The content of the invention
For above mentioned problem existing for existing cooking and heating furnace, the invention provides a kind of cloth wind and deslagging of carrying out respectively
Energy-saving environment protection fire coal cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and purposes.Cloth wind and deslagging function are provided separately by the present invention, are closed
Reason setting fire grate, avoids the waste of fire coal and deslagging excessively causes coal-char combustion area to destroy or even occur " collapse stove " now
As making the fire coal in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace can be with substantially stabilized smokeless burning.
To use following technical scheme up to this purpose, the present invention：
In a first aspect, the invention provides a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace, the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body top one
Side is provided with chimney, and the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body top is provided with cooking mouth with chimney opposite side；The coal-fired cooking is adopted
The lower section of radiator body interior cooking mouth sets the first diaphragm plate, and the side of the first diaphragm plate is cooked a meal with coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body
The furnace wall of thing mouth side connects, and opposite side sets cooking heating changeover module；Burner in cooking is opened up on first diaphragm plate,
In the cooking movable cover plate is stamped on burner；The lower section of the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body interior chimney sets the second tabula
Plate, the side of the second diaphragm plate connect with the furnace wall of coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body chimney side, the opposite side of the second diaphragm plate
The first vertical clapboard is set perpendicular to the second diaphragm plate, furnace interior is divided into the chamber of two connections, is located at by the first vertical clapboard
The chamber of chimney side is pyrolytic gasification area, and the chamber positioned at cooking mouth side is flue gas burning-out zone；Under the pyrolytic gasification area
Side is obliquely installed fire grate, and primary air nozzle is set below the fire grate；Overfiren air port, institute are set below the flue gas burning-out zone
State and set bottom ash to discharge plate below overfiren air port, bottom ash discharge plate is connected with fire grate, is set below bottom ash discharge plate and is received ash bucket；
The furnace wall of pyrolytic gasification area side is provided with coal filling hole.
In the present invention, the effect of the cooking heating changeover module is cooking and the heating function for switching stove, regulation
When cooking heating cuts component and it is connected with the second diaphragm plate, barrier flue gas enters in chimney, concentrates on firepower fiery in cooking
Mouth carries out cooking；Regulation cooking heating, which cuts component, makes it be disconnected with the first diaphragm plate, opens passage, can carry out flue gas
Heating is carried out in chimney.
Cloth wind and deslagging function are provided separately in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace of the present invention, i.e., by being obliquely installed fire grate
Son, the effect of cloth wind and support fire coal is played, deslagging is carried out by setting special bottom ash to discharge plate.At the bottom ash discharge plate
In the end of cloth wind furnace grate, its top is generally the bottom ash of abundant after-flame, will not discharge unburned coke in deslagging.Together
When, because different parts are respectively adopted from fire coal support in deslagging, the fire coal in deslagging in stove charcoal will not lose support and fall
Enter ash bucket, enter without causing " collapse stove " phenomenon.
In the present invention, the fire grate can be fixedly installed, can also allow to have it is small rock, be advantageous to the fire grate part of the body cavity above the diaphragm housing the heart and lungs
The burning of carbon and moved down by gravity.
Currently preferred technical scheme is used as below, but not as the limitation of technical scheme provided by the invention, is passed through
Following technical scheme, it can preferably reach and realize the technical purpose and beneficial effect of the present invention.
As currently preferred technical scheme, the angle α of the fire grate and horizontal plane is 15 °~60 °, such as 15 °,
17 °, 20 °, 25 °, 30 °, 35 °, 40 °, 45 °, 50 °, 55 ° or 60 ° etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, the numerical value model
Other unrequited numerical value are equally applicable in enclosing, preferably 45 °~60 °.
In the present invention, the fire grate effect is coal-fired support and cloth wind, and then is advantageous to the combustion of coke on fire grate
Burn and moved down by gravity.If the angle of the fire grate and horizontal plane is too small (i.e. less than 15 °), semicoke is difficult to rely on gravity
It is mobile to slag discharge plate and be deposited on fire grate, effective cloth wind is unable to reach, make tar, volatile matter and semicoke burns not
To the oxygen of abundance；If angle is excessive (i.e. more than 60 °), causes uncombusted coal and semicoke excessively to flow to dreg discharging area, cause fire coal
Waste and unstable smoke elimination.
Preferably, the fire grate is provided with wind distributing hole, its percent opening ＜ 20%, for example, 19%, 17%, 15%, 13%,
10%th, 9% or 7% etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, other interior unrequited numerical value of the number range are equally suitable
With preferably 10%~20%.
In the present invention, the percent opening of the wind distributing hole on the fire grate should control in the reasonable scope, to meet coal-fired combustion
Superfluous oxygen content in the optimal requirement burnt, i.e. control smoke evacuation<10%, make tar, volatile matter, be partly in micro- with the burning of air
It is weak reduce to or faint oxidizing atmosphere.
As currently preferred technical scheme, the number ＞ 1 of bottom ash discharge plate, such as 2,3,4,5
Individual or 6 etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, other unrequited numerical value are equally applicable in the number range, preferably
For 2~3.
As currently preferred technical scheme, heating water heat exchanger tube is set in the chimney.
As currently preferred technical scheme, venturi conduit is vertically arranged in the flue gas burning-out zone.
Preferably, tertiary air orifice is set around trunnion at the trunnion of the venturi conduit.
Preferably, the number ＞ of the tertiary air orifice 1, such as 2,3,4,5 or 6 etc., but simultaneously not only limit
It is equally applicable in other unrequited numerical value in cited numerical value, the number range.
Preferably, the furnace wall of the coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body cooking mouth side is provided with the combustion connected with tertiary air orifice
Air port to the greatest extent.
In the present invention, venturi conduit is vertically arranged in flue gas burning-out zone, and tertiary air orifice is set at its trunnion,
Tertiary air is formed secondary burning-out zone (burning-out zone refers to the air contact after-flame that flue gas introduces with overfiren air port), increase
Strong flue gas after-flame degree, realizes under full working scope the stable smokeless combustion of (coal, deslagging, cooking, heating and banking etc.) flue gas.
Second aspect, the invention provides the cooking heating method of above-mentioned coal-fired cooking and heating furnace, methods described include with
Lower step：
(a) fire coal is added in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace by coal filling hole, fire coal enters pyrolytic gasification area and carries out pyrolysis gas
Change, produce tar, volatile matter and semicoke；
(b) tar, volatile matter and semicoke flow downward caused by step (a), the sky introduced with primary air nozzle through fire grate
Gas contacts, and tar, volatile matter, semicoke and air contact is burnt；
(c) sky that caused flue gas introduces with overfiren air port after step (b) volatile matter, semicoke and air contact burning
Gas contact carries out an after-flame, and the flue gas in afterburnt carries out cooking or heating operation, and the bottom ash of after-flame is discharged plate by bottom ash and arranged
Go out.
More specifically, when being vertically arranged venturi conduit in the flue gas burning-out zone, step (b) volatile matter,
Semicoke carries out an after-flame, uncombusted cigarette with caused flue gas after air contact burning with the air contact that overfiren air port introduces
Gas enters venturi conduit and carries out secondary after-flame burning with the air contact that tertiary air orifice introduces, and the flue gas in secondary afterburnt is carried out
Cooking or heating operation, the bottom ash of after-flame are discharged plate by bottom ash and discharged.
As currently preferred technical scheme, step (a) fire coal is bituminous coal, anthracite, semi-coke or clean moulded coal
In any one or at least two combination, it is described combination typical case but non-limiting examples have：Bituminous coal and anthracitic combination, nothing
The combination of the combination of bituminous coal and semi-coke, semi-coke and clean moulded coal, the combination of bituminous coal, anthracite and semi-coke, anthracite, semi-coke and clean
Combination of net moulded coal etc., it is not limited to listed fire coal.
Preferably, during step (a) pyrolytic gasification oxygen content be 0%~5%, such as 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%,
1.5%th, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% or 5% etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, the numerical value model
Other unrequited numerical value are equally applicable in enclosing, and elect 0%~3% as.Herein, the oxygen content refers to the volume content of oxygen.
Preferably, the temperature of step (a) pyrolytic gasification be 300 DEG C~700 DEG C, such as 300 DEG C, 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C,
450 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 550 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 650 DEG C or 700 DEG C etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, in the number range
Other unrequited numerical value are equally applicable.
As currently preferred technical scheme, the flue gas in afterburnt described in step (c) carries out cooking or heating operation
Specifically include following steps：
When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out cooking, movable cover plate is adjusted, burner in cooking is in opening, simultaneously
Regulation cooking heating changeover module makes it connect with the second diaphragm plate, and barrier flue gas enters in chimney, the flue gas flow direction in afterburnt
Cooking mouth drives flame to carry out cooking；When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out heating, movable cover plate is adjusted, makes jet-burner in cooking
In closure state, while adjusting cooking heating changeover module makes it be disconnected with the second diaphragm plate, makes the flue gas stream in afterburnt
To chimney, flame is driven to carry out the heating of heating water.
The third aspect, the invention provides the purposes of above-mentioned coal-fired cooking and heating furnace, the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace is used for
Domestic cooking and field of heating.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Cloth wind and deslagging function are provided separately in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace of the present invention, set in body of heater inclined
Fire grate, the percent opening of Reasonable Regulation And Control fire grate can play the effect of cloth wind and support fire coal, while can meet coal-fired combustion
The optimal requirement burnt, superfluous oxygen content in control smoke evacuation<10%, lower NO_x formation, be more than coal-fired burn-off rate
98%, do not smolder, CO discharge capacitys are less than 2000ppm, realize under full working scope that (coal, deslagging, cooking, heating, banking etc.) is stable
Smokeless combustion；
Meanwhile the present invention carries out deslagging by setting special bottom ash to discharge plate, will not arrange unburned coke in deslagging
Go out, avoid fire coal and lose support and fall into ash bucket, " collapse stove " phenomenon will not be caused.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is traditional positive burning stove burning schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 (b) is traditional reverse burning furnace burning schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is that coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out flow of flue gas schematic diagram during cooking described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is that coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out flow of flue gas schematic diagram during heating described in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace described in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Wherein, 1- chimneys, 2- cooking mouths, the diaphragm plates of 3- first, 4- cooking heating changeover modules, burner in 5- cooking, 6-
Movable cover plate, the diaphragm plates of 7- second, the vertical clapboards of 8- first, 9- fire grates, 10- primary air nozzles, 11- overfiren air ports, 12- bottom ash row
Ejecting plate, 13- receive ash bucket, 14- coal filling holes, 15- heating water heat exchanger tubes, 16- venturi conduits, 17- tertiary air orifices, 18- after-flames
Air port.
Embodiment
For the present invention is better described, technical scheme is readily appreciated, below to the present invention further specifically
It is bright.But following embodiments is only the simple example of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not represented or limits, this
Invention protection domain is defined by claims.
Specific embodiment of the invention part provides a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its cooking heating method, the fire coal
Cooking and heating furnace body top side is provided with chimney 1, and the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body top is provided with the opposite side of chimney 1
Cooking mouth 2；The lower section of the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body interior cooking mouth 2 sets the first diaphragm plate 3, the first diaphragm plate 3
Side connects with the furnace wall of the coal-fired side of cooking heating furnace main body cooking mouth 2, and opposite side sets cooking heating changeover module 4；Institute
State and burner 5 in cooking are opened up on the first diaphragm plate 3, movable cover plate 6 is stamped on burner 5 in the cooking；The coal-fired cooking is adopted
The lower section of radiator body interior chimney 1 sets the second diaphragm plate 7, the side of the second diaphragm plate 7 and coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body
The furnace wall of the side of chimney 1 connects, and the opposite side of the second diaphragm plate 7 sets the first vertical clapboard 8 perpendicular to the second diaphragm plate 7, and first
Furnace interior is divided into the chambers of two connections by vertical clapboard 8, and the chamber positioned at the side of chimney 1 is pyrolytic gasification area, positioned at cooking a meal
The chamber of the side of thing mouth 2 is flue gas burning-out zone；Pyrolytic gasification area inclined downward sets fire grate 9, the lower section of fire grate 9
Primary air nozzle 10 is set；Overfiren air port 11 is set below the flue gas burning-out zone, and the overfiren air port 11 sets bottom ash to discharge plate
12, bottom ash discharge plate 12 is connected with fire grate 9, and the lower section of bottom ash discharge plate 12, which is set, receives ash bucket 13；Pyrolytic gasification area side
Furnace wall is provided with coal filling hole 14.
The cooking heating method comprises the following steps：
(a) fire coal is added in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace by coal filling hole 14, fire coal is pyrolyzed into pyrolytic gasification area
Gasification, produce tar, volatile matter and semicoke；
(b) tar, volatile matter and semicoke flow downward caused by step (a), are introduced with primary air nozzle 10 through fire grate 9
Air contact, tar, volatile matter, semicoke and air contact is set to burn；
(c) caused flue gas and the introducing of overfiren air port 11 after step (b) volatile matter, semicoke and air contact burning
Air contact carries out an after-flame, and the flue gas in afterburnt carries out cooking or heating operation, the bottom ash of after-flame discharge plate by bottom ash
12 discharges.
It is below present invention typical case but non-limiting example：
Embodiment 1：
A kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its processing method are present embodiments provided, as shown in Fig. 2 the coal-fired cooking is adopted
Radiator body top side is provided with chimney 1, and the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body top is provided with cooking mouth with the opposite side of chimney 1
2；The lower section of the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body interior cooking mouth 2 sets the first diaphragm plate 3, the side of the first diaphragm plate 3 with
The furnace wall of the coal-fired side of cooking heating furnace main body cooking mouth 2 connects, and opposite side sets cooking heating changeover module 4；Described first
Open up burner 5 in cooking on diaphragm plate 3, movable cover plate 6 is stamped on burner 5 in the cooking；The coal-fired cooking and heating furnace master
The lower section of internal portion chimney 1 sets the second diaphragm plate 7, the side of the second diaphragm plate 7 and coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body chimney 1 one
The furnace wall of side connects, and the opposite side of the second diaphragm plate 7 sets the first vertical clapboard 8, the first vertical clapboard 8 perpendicular to the second diaphragm plate 7
Furnace interior is divided into the chamber of two connections, the chamber positioned at the side of chimney 1 is pyrolytic gasification area, positioned at cooking mouth 2 one
The chamber of side is flue gas burning-out zone；Pyrolytic gasification area inclined downward sets fire grate 9, and the lower section of fire grate 9 sets one
Secondary air port 10；Overfiren air port 11 is set below the flue gas burning-out zone, the lower section of overfiren air port 11 sets bottom ash to discharge plate 12,
Bottom ash discharge plate 12 is connected with fire grate 9, and the lower section of bottom ash discharge plate 12, which is set, receives ash bucket 13；The furnace wall of pyrolytic gasification area side
It is provided with coal filling hole 14.
Wherein, the angle α of the fire grate 9 and horizontal plane is 40 °, which is provided with wind distributing hole, percent opening is about 15%；Institute
The number for stating bottom ash discharge plate 12 is 2；Heating water heat exchanger tube 15 is set in the chimney 1.
Its cooking heating method is：
(a) clean moulded coal is added in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace by coal filling hole 14, fire coal, which enters pyrolytic gasification area, to be carried out
Pyrolytic gasification, produce tar, volatile matter and semicoke；
(b) tar, volatile matter and semicoke flow downward caused by step (a), are introduced with primary air nozzle 10 through fire grate 9
Air contact, tar, volatile matter, semicoke and air contact is set to carry out oxygen-enriched combusting；
(c) caused flue gas and the introducing of overfiren air port 11 after step (b) volatile matter, semicoke and air contact burning
Air contact carries out an after-flame, and the flue gas in afterburnt carries out cooking or heating operation, the bottom ash of after-flame discharge plate by bottom ash
12 discharges；
When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out cooking, as shown in figure 3, regulation movable cover plate 6, is in burner 5 in cooking
Opening, while adjusting cooking heating changeover module 4 makes it connect with the second diaphragm plate 7, barrier flue gas enters in chimney 1,
The flue gas flow direction cooking mouth 2 in afterburnt drives flame to carry out cooking；When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out heating, as shown in figure 4,
Movable cover plate 6 is adjusted, burner 5 in cooking is in closure state, while adjusting cooking heating changeover module 4 makes it horizontal with second
Dividing plate 7 disconnects, and makes the flue gas flow direction chimney 1 in afterburnt, drives flame to carry out the heating of heating water.
Coal-fired burn-off rate is more than 98% during the heating-cooking of coal heating stove described in the present embodiment, does not smolder, CO rows
High-volume it is less than 2000ppm, discharges total O in flue gas2Content ＜ 10%, (coal, deslagging, cooking, heating, envelope are realized under full working scope
Stove etc.) stabilization smokeless combustion.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its processing method are present embodiments provided, as shown in figure 5, the coal-fired cooking is adopted
Radiator body top side is provided with chimney 1, and the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body top is provided with cooking mouth with the opposite side of chimney 1
2；The lower section of the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body interior cooking mouth 2 sets the first diaphragm plate 3, the side of the first diaphragm plate 3 with
The furnace wall of the coal-fired side of cooking heating furnace main body cooking mouth 2 connects, and opposite side sets cooking heating changeover module 4；Described first
Open up burner 5 in cooking on diaphragm plate 3, movable cover plate 6 is stamped on burner 5 in the cooking；The coal-fired cooking and heating furnace master
The lower section of internal portion chimney 1 sets the second diaphragm plate 7, the side of the second diaphragm plate 7 and coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body chimney 1 one
The furnace wall of side connects, and the opposite side of the second diaphragm plate 7 sets the first vertical clapboard 8, the first vertical clapboard 8 perpendicular to the second diaphragm plate 7
Furnace interior is divided into the chamber of two connections, the chamber positioned at the side of chimney 1 is pyrolytic gasification area, positioned at cooking mouth 2 one
The chamber of side is flue gas burning-out zone；Pyrolytic gasification area inclined downward sets fire grate 9, and the lower section of fire grate 9 sets one
Secondary air port 10；Overfiren air port 11 is set below the flue gas burning-out zone, and the overfiren air port 11 sets bottom ash to discharge plate 12, bottom ash
Discharge plate 12 is connected with fire grate 9, and the lower section of bottom ash discharge plate 12, which is set, receives ash bucket 13；Set on the furnace wall of pyrolytic gasification area side
There is coal filling hole 14.
Wherein, the angle α of the fire grate 9 and horizontal plane is 45 °, which is provided with wind distributing hole, percent opening is about 13%；Institute
The number for stating bottom ash discharge plate 12 is 3；Heating water heat exchanger tube 15 is set in the chimney 1.
Venturi conduit 16 is vertically arranged in the flue gas burning-out zone；Set at the trunnion of venturi conduit 16 around trunnion
3 tertiary air orifices 17；The furnace wall of the coal-fired side of cooking heating furnace main body cooking mouth 2 is provided with what is connected with tertiary air orifice 17
After-flame air port 18.
Its cooking heating method is：
(a) clean moulded coal is added in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace by coal filling hole 14, fire coal, which enters pyrolytic gasification area, to be carried out
Pyrolytic gasification, produce tar, volatile matter and semicoke；
(b) tar, volatile matter and semicoke flow downward caused by step (a), are introduced with primary air nozzle 10 through fire grate 9
Air contact, tar, volatile matter, semicoke and air contact is set to carry out oxygen-enriched combusting；
(c) caused flue gas and the introducing of overfiren air port 11 after step (b) volatile matter, semicoke and air contact burning
Air contact carries out an after-flame, and uncombusted flue gas enters the air contact that venturi conduit 16 introduces with tertiary air orifice 17 and entered
The secondary after-flame burning of row, the flue gas in secondary afterburnt carry out cooking or heating operation, and the bottom ash of after-flame discharges plate 12 by bottom ash
Discharge；
When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out cooking, movable cover plate 6 is adjusted, burner 5 in cooking is in opening, together
When adjust cooking heating changeover module 4 and it is connected with the second diaphragm plate 7, barrier flue gas enters in chimney 1, the flue gas in afterburnt
Flowing to cooking mouth 2 drives flame to carry out cooking；When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out heating, movable cover plate 6 is adjusted, is made in cooking
Burner 5 is in closure state, while adjusting cooking heating changeover module 4 makes it be disconnected with the second diaphragm plate 7, makes the afterburnt
Flue gas flow direction chimney 1, drive flame carry out heating water heating.
Coal-fired burn-off rate is more than 99% during the heating-cooking of coal heating stove described in the present embodiment, does not smolder, CO rows
High-volume it is less than 1800ppm, discharges total O in flue gas2Content ＜ 10%, (coal, deslagging, cooking, heating, envelope are realized under full working scope
Stove etc.) stabilization smokeless combustion.
Embodiment 3：
Present embodiments provide a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its processing method, the structure of the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace
With reference to embodiment 1, difference is：The angle α of the fire grate 9 and horizontal plane is 15 °, which is provided with wind distributing hole, percent opening is about
For 10%；The number of the bottom ash discharge plate 12 is 1；
The heating-cooking method of coal heating stove described in the present embodiment is with reference to processing method in embodiment 1.
Coal-fired burn-off rate is more than 97% during the heating-cooking of coal heating stove described in the present embodiment, does not smolder, CO rows
High-volume it is less than 2000ppm, discharges total O in flue gas2Content ＜ 10%, (coal, deslagging, cooking, heating, envelope are realized under full working scope
Stove etc.) stabilization smokeless combustion.
Embodiment 4：
Present embodiments provide a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its processing method, the structure of the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace
With reference to embodiment 2, difference is：The angle α of the fire grate 9 and horizontal plane is 60 °, which is provided with wind distributing hole.
The heating-cooking method of coal heating stove described in the present embodiment is with reference to processing method in embodiment 2.
Coal-fired burn-off rate is more than 98% during the heating-cooking of coal heating stove described in the present embodiment, does not smolder, CO rows
High-volume it is less than 2000ppm, discharges total O in flue gas2Content ＜ 10%, (coal, deslagging, cooking, heating, envelope are realized under full working scope
Stove etc.) stabilization smokeless combustion.
Comparative example 1：
This comparative example provides a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its processing method, the structure reference of the coal heating stove
Structure in embodiment 1, difference are：The fire grate 9 is horizontal positioned.
The heating-cooking method of coal heating stove described in this comparative example is with reference to processing method in embodiment 1.
Coal-fired burn-off rate is 85%, CO discharge capacitys during heating-cooking through coal heating stove described in this comparative example>
3000ppm, discharge total O in flue gas2Content is 15%.In practical operation, because deslagging is improper, it is existing repeatedly to there is " collapse stove "
As.
Comparative example 2：
This comparative example provides a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its processing method, the structure reference of the coal heating stove
Structure in embodiment 1, difference are：The percent opening of the fire grate 9 is 30% (i.e. percent opening is excessive).
The heating-cooking method of coal heating stove described in this comparative example is with reference to processing method in embodiment 1.
Coal-fired burn-off rate 90%, CO discharge capacitys are during heating-cooking through coal heating stove described in this comparative example
2000ppm, discharge total O in flue gas2Content 15%, it may appear that high fume temperature, phenomena such as heat loss is big.
Comparative example 3：
This comparative example provides a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace and its processing method, the structure reference of the coal heating stove
Structure in embodiment 1, difference are：Bottom ash discharge plate 12 is not set in the body of heater, bottom ash passes through the rotation that is connected on fire grate 9
Handle hand wobble fire grate and deslagging.
The heating-cooking method of coal heating stove described in this comparative example is with reference to processing method in embodiment 1.
The fire coal in deslagging of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace described in this comparative example can lose support and fall into ash bucket, in turn result in
" collapse stove " phenomenon.
Summary embodiment and comparative example can be seen that cloth wind and deslagging in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace of the present invention
Function is provided separately, and inclined fire grate is set in body of heater, the percent opening of Reasonable Regulation And Control fire grate, can play cloth wind and branch
Coal-fired effect is supportted, while the optimal requirement of fired coal combustion can be met, superfluous oxygen content in control smoke evacuation<10%, lower
NO_x formation, coal-fired burn-off rate is more than 98%, do not smolder, CO discharge capacitys are less than 2000ppm, realize under full working scope and (add
Coal, deslagging, cooking, heating, banking etc.) stabilization smokeless combustion；
Meanwhile the present invention carries out deslagging by setting special bottom ash to discharge plate, will not arrange unburned coke in deslagging
Go out, avoid fire coal and lose support and fall into ash bucket, " collapse stove " phenomenon will not be caused.
Applicant states that the present invention illustrates the detailed process equipment of the present invention and technological process by above-described embodiment,
But the invention is not limited in above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process, that is, it is above-mentioned detailed not mean that the present invention has to rely on
Process equipment and technological process could be implemented.Person of ordinary skill in the field it will be clearly understood that any improvement in the present invention,
The addition of equivalence replacement and auxiliary element to each raw material of product of the present invention, selection of concrete mode etc., all fall within the present invention's
Within the scope of protection domain and disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace, it is characterised in that the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body top side is provided with chimney
(1), the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace body top is provided with cooking mouth (2) with chimney (1) opposite side；The coal-fired cooking heating
The lower section of cooking mouth (2) sets the first diaphragm plate (3), side and the coal-fired cooking heating of the first diaphragm plate (3) inside furnace main body
The furnace wall of furnace main body cooking mouth (2) side connects, and opposite side sets cooking heating changeover module (4)；First diaphragm plate (3)
On open up burner in cooking (5), be stamped movable cover plate (6) on burner (5) in the cooking；The coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body
The lower section of internal chimney (1) sets the second diaphragm plate (7), the side of the second diaphragm plate (7) and coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body cigarette
The furnace wall of chimney (1) side connects, and the opposite side of the second diaphragm plate (7) sets the first vertical clapboard perpendicular to the second diaphragm plate (7)
(8), furnace interior is divided into the chamber of two connections by the first vertical clapboard (8), and the chamber positioned at chimney (1) side is pyrolysis gas
Change area, the chamber positioned at cooking mouth (2) side is flue gas burning-out zone；Pyrolytic gasification area inclined downward sets fire grate (9),
Primary air nozzle (10) is set below the fire grate (9)；Overfiren air port (11) is set below the flue gas burning-out zone, it is described secondary
Bottom ash is set to discharge plate (12) below air port (11), bottom ash discharge plate (12) is connected with fire grate (9), under bottom ash discharge plate (12)
Side, which is set, receives ash bucket (13)；The furnace wall of pyrolytic gasification area side is provided with coal filling hole (14).
2. coal-fired cooking and heating furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fire grate (9) and the folder of horizontal plane
Angle α is 15 °~60 °, preferably 45 °~60 °；
Preferably, the fire grate (9) is provided with wind distributing hole, its percent opening ＜ 20%, and preferably 10%~20%.
3. coal-fired cooking and heating furnace according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that of the bottom ash discharge plate (12)
Several ＞ 1, preferably 2~3.
4. according to the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that set in the chimney (1)
Heating is with water heat exchanger tube (15).
5. according to the coal-fired cooking and heating furnace described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that erected in the flue gas burning-out zone
It is straight that venturi conduit (16) is set；
Preferably, tertiary air orifice (17) is set around trunnion at the trunnion of the venturi conduit (16)；
Preferably, the number ＞ 1 of the tertiary air orifice (17)；
Preferably, the furnace wall of coal-fired cooking heating furnace main body cooking mouth (2) side is provided with and connected with tertiary air orifice (17)
After-flame air port (18).
6. a kind of cooking heating method of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace as described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that institute
The method of stating comprises the following steps：
(a) fire coal is added in coal-fired cooking and heating furnace by coal filling hole (14), fire coal enters pyrolytic gasification area and carries out pyrolysis gas
Change, produce tar, volatile matter and semicoke；
(b) tar, volatile matter and semicoke flow downward caused by step (a), are introduced with primary air nozzle (10) through fire grate (9)
Air contact, tar, volatile matter, semicoke and air contact is set to burn；
(c) sky that caused flue gas introduces with overfiren air port (11) after step (b) volatile matter, semicoke and air contact burning
Gas contact carries out an after-flame, and the flue gas in afterburnt carries out cooking or heating operation, the bottom ash of after-flame discharge plate by bottom ash
(12) discharge.
7. cooking heating method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step (a) fire coal is bituminous coal, smokelessly
Any one in coal, semi-coke or clean moulded coal or at least two combination；
Preferably, oxygen content is 0%~5% during step (a) pyrolytic gasification；
Preferably, the temperature of step (a) pyrolytic gasification is 300 DEG C~700 DEG C.
8. the cooking heating method according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the flue gas in afterburnt described in step (c)
Carry out cooking or heating operation specifically includes following steps：
When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out cooking, movable cover plate (6) is adjusted, burner in cooking (5) is in opening, together
When adjust cooking heating changeover module (4) it is connected with the second diaphragm plate (7), barrier flue gas enter chimney (1) in, the afterburnt
Flue gas flow direction cooking mouth (2) drive flame carry out cooking；When coal-fired cooking and heating furnace carries out heating, movable cover plate is adjusted
(6) burner in cooking (5), is made to be in closure state, while adjust cooking heating changeover module (4) to make itself and the second diaphragm plate
(7) disconnect, make the flue gas flow direction chimney (1) in afterburnt, drive flame to carry out the heating of heating water.
9. the purposes of a kind of coal-fired cooking and heating furnace as described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the fire coal is cooked a meal
Thing heating stove is used for domestic cooking and field of heating.
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| CN201710823653.3A CN107435951A (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | A kind of energy-saving environment protection fire coal cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and purposes |
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| CN201710823653.3A CN107435951A (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | A kind of energy-saving environment protection fire coal cooking and heating furnace and cooking heating method and purposes |
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