CN109539316B - Low-volatile-component coal-fired environment-friendly energy-saving furnace - Google Patents
Low-volatile-component coal-fired environment-friendly energy-saving furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN109539316B CN109539316B CN201811367919.9A CN201811367919A CN109539316B CN 109539316 B CN109539316 B CN 109539316B CN 201811367919 A CN201811367919 A CN 201811367919A CN 109539316 B CN109539316 B CN 109539316B
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- furnace
- air
- furnace wall
- coal
- flue
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
- F24B1/02—Closed stoves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B13/00—Details solely applicable to stoves or ranges burning solid fuels
- F24B13/002—Surrounds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B13/00—Details solely applicable to stoves or ranges burning solid fuels
- F24B13/02—Arrangement or mountings of fire-grate assemblies; Arrangement or mountings of linings for fire-boxes, e.g. fire-backs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-volatile-component coal-fired environment-friendly energy-saving furnace, which comprises a vibrating grate, an air inducing device, a front furnace wall, a rear furnace wall, a primary air heater, a tail flue, a heat exchange water tank and the like. The invention has the effects of improving the hearth structure of the direct-fired furnace, strengthening the gas disturbance in the furnace, reducing the black smoke discharge, adding a smoke and ash residue waste heat recovery device, preheating primary air, enhancing the capability of burning low-volatile fuel and promoting the clean, efficient and gradient utilization of coal; the invention has novel structure of the furnace chamber, can improve the furnace temperature, strengthen the gas disturbance in the furnace, strengthen the combustion effect of the molded coal, improve the burn-off rate of the molded coal, introduce the self-heating secondary air system and waste heat recovery device, improve the combustion efficiency of the furnace, apply the vibrating grate of the adjustable frequency and air supply arrangement of the variable air rate, has improved the firepower regulating ability of the furnace, the furnace is strong in adaptability to various fuels on the whole, have economical and practical characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of civil briquette combustion, and particularly relates to a low-volatile-component briquette environment-friendly energy-saving furnace.
Background
The civil bulk coal combustion is a main living energy source for residents in rural areas and towns in northern areas of China, and is a main mode for the residents to warm and overwinter particularly in heating seasons. However, the civil stoves adopt a direct-combustion and direct-exhaust combustion mode, so that the pollution to the atmospheric environment is serious, and the direct-combustion and direct-exhaust combustion mode is one of main causes for inducing haze weather. The stoves can be roughly classified into a direct-fired stove, a reverse-fired stove, and a decoupled-combustion stove according to the combustion method. The reverse burning furnace and the decoupling furnace mainly aim at the content of combustion volatile componentsHigh solid fuel, can effectively reduce black smoke and NOxAnd (5) discharging. But has no obvious effect on fuels with lower volatile components such as anthracite, semicoke and the like. For the coal blocks with the size of centimeter grade, the burning process is often in a power burning area and a transition area, the temperature in the furnace is increased, the gas disturbance in the furnace is strengthened, and the burning effect of the molded coal can be greatly strengthened. The front-burning furnace usually has higher ignition speed and fire intensity, can provide higher temperature in the furnace and promote the low-volatility molded coal to be fully combusted, but a chimney is often accompanied by a large amount of black smoke in the using process, the emission concentration of smoke pollutants is high, the smoke discharging temperature is higher and reaches 300 ℃ on average, and the heat efficiency of the front-burning furnace is low. Along with the rapid development of the coal chemical industry of china, there are clean low volatile carbon based fuel of high quality such as a large amount of coal pyrolysis semicokes urgent need to be utilized high-efficiently at present, consequently, improve the positive combustion furnace structure, strengthen the interior gas disturbance of stove, reduce the black cigarette and discharge, add flue gas and lime-ash waste heat recovery device, have very important meaning, to using low volatile fuel, promote the clean high-efficient cascade utilization of coal and have the impetus.
In conclusion, an efficient and environment-friendly coal stove burning low-volatile fuel is urgently needed to be developed and applied in the field of civil briquette.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-volatile coal environment-friendly energy-saving furnace, which aims at solving the problems that low-volatile coal is difficult to be fully and stably combusted in a furnace and the heat loss of smoke exhaust and slag discharge is too high, optimizes the furnace structure of the existing furnace and adds a primary air preheater, a self-heating secondary air and a waste heat recovery system.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a low volatile component coal environmental protection energy-saving furnace comprises an air chamber, a hearth surface and a flue, wherein the air chamber, the hearth and the hearth surface are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, and the flue is vertically and upwardly communicated with the circumferential direction of the hearth surface; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the hearth consists of a front furnace wall and a rear furnace wall, a fan is arranged at one end, close to the front furnace wall, outside the air chamber, a primary air preheater is arranged at the other end, close to the rear furnace wall, inside the air chamber, an ash discharge port is formed in the bottom of the air chamber, a plurality of compartments are sequentially arranged above the inside of the air chamber, an air outlet is formed above each compartment, a vibrating grate is arranged above each air outlet, an outlet of the fan is communicated to an inlet of the primary air preheater, and an outlet of the primary air preheater is communicated to each compartment through an air supply pipe;
a feed inlet is arranged below the front furnace wall, a furnace shell is arranged above the front furnace wall and the rear furnace wall in the circumferential direction, a hollow cavity is arranged between the furnace shell and the hearth, and a plurality of lower air inlets with adjustable opening degrees are arranged at the front and the rear of the furnace shell in the circumferential direction;
the circumference of the flue is provided with a water tank, and the bottom of the flue is provided with a slag discharge port.
The invention is further improved in that a rear oven door is arranged below the rear oven wall.
The invention has the further improvement that a filter screen is arranged in the flue above the slag discharge port.
The invention is further improved in that a plurality of heat exchangers penetrating through the side wall are arranged on the side wall between the flue and the water tank in the circumferential direction.
The invention is further improved in that the longitudinal section of the front furnace wall is parabolic, the longitudinal section of the rear furnace wall sequentially comprises a straight line segment with an inclination angle α at the lower section, specifically 10-20 degrees, a middle circular arc segment is in smooth transition, and the upper section is another straight line segment.
The invention has the further improvement that each vibrating grate is provided with an inclination angle, so that the frequency of the vibrating grate and the air supply quantity of an air supply system can be synchronously adjusted, and the aim of adjusting the fire power of a stove is fulfilled.
The invention has the further improvement that the opening-adjustable lower air opening comprises a plurality of circular air holes which are formed in the front and the back of the furnace shell, and an opening plate which is used for adjusting the size of the circular air holes and can be adjusted up and down.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the low-volatile coal environment-friendly energy-saving furnace provided by the invention has a novel hearth structure, and compared with the traditional direct-fired furnace, the furnace temperature can be increased, the gas disturbance in the furnace is enhanced, the combustion effect of the coal is enhanced, and the burnout rate of the coal is increased; in addition, a primary air preheater, a self-heating secondary air system and a flue gas waste heat recovery device are introduced, so that the combustion efficiency of the stove is improved, the primary air preheater is adopted for recovering ash residue waste heat, and the flue gas heat exchanger is adopted for recovering flue gas waste heat, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved; the vibrating grate with the inclination angle and the frequency and the air supply device with the variable air rate are applied, so that the firepower adjusting capability of the stove is improved, the overall adaptability of the stove to various fuels is strong, and the stove has the characteristics of economy and practicability; the tail flue generates suction force to lead out the flue gas in the hearth, the tail of the flue is provided with a heat exchanger to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas, and the heat exchange water tank is positioned at the tail of the flue and is used for absorbing the waste heat of the flue gas.
Furthermore, the shape of the front furnace wall and the rear furnace wall changes the structure of the furnace chamber, and the air inlet holes with adjustable opening degrees are formed, so that the effects of strengthening air disturbance in the furnace and improving the temperature of a combustion area can be achieved by adjusting the curvatures of the two wall surfaces and the sizes of the air inlet holes.
Furthermore, the vibrating grate has a certain inclination angle, the frequency of the vibrating grate and the air supply quantity of an air supply system can be synchronously adjusted, the purpose of adjusting the fire power of the stove is achieved, specifically, the coal blocks can jump forwards, the forward speed is controlled, and the inclination angle can assist the coal blocks to be conveyed forwards, so that the effect of changing the load of the stove is achieved.
Furthermore, a filter screen and a slag discharge port are arranged at the corner of the flue to filter particles with larger particle sizes in the flue gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a low-volatile coal environment-friendly energy-saving furnace of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable air volume downdraft.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front furnace wall structure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the back furnace wall.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a heat exchanger 1, a water tank 2, a flue 3, a filter screen 4, a slag discharge port 5, an air supply port 6, a rear furnace wall 7, a hearth 8, a rear furnace door 9, an ash discharge port 10, a primary air preheater 11, an air chamber 12, an air supply pipe 13, a compartment 14, a fan 15, a vibrating grate 16, a feed port 17, an opening-adjustable air discharge port 18, a front furnace wall 19, a furnace table top 20, an opening-adjustable plate 21 and a plurality of circular air holes 22.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a low-volatile coal environment-friendly energy-saving furnace, which comprises a vibrating grate 16, an air inducing device (consisting of an air chamber 12, an air supply pipe 13, a compartment 14 and a fan 15), a hearth 8 (comprising a front furnace wall 19 and a rear furnace wall 7), a primary air preheater 11, a tail flue (consisting of a flue 3, a filter screen 4 and a slag discharge port 5) and a water tank 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the opening-adjustable bottom air inlet includes an opening-adjustable plate 21 and a circular air hole 22.
As shown in figure 3, the front furnace wall is parabolic, and the specific parameter is a1，h1And (5) controlling.
As shown in FIG. 4, the lower section of the back furnace wall is a straight line section with an inclination angle of α degrees, specifically 10 degrees to 20 degrees, the middle circular arc section is in smooth transition, and the upper section is another straight line section.
The method comprises the following steps: the molded coal added into the hearth 8 from the feed inlet 17 is conveyed forwards by the vibrating grate 16, the molded coal on the front section of the vibrating grate 16 is quickly heated and ignited by the heat radiation of the front furnace wall 19, the molded coal is turned over in the operation process of the vibrating grate 16 to play a role of stirring fire, the space of the rear section of the vibrating grate 16 is compressed under the action of the rear furnace wall 7, the local temperature is increased, the disturbance of smoke is intensified, the burn-out rate of the molded coal is ensured, the burned-out slag falls into the rear end of the hearth, a primary air preheater 11 heats primary air by using the waste heat of ash slag, and an ash discharge port 10 is used for; the lower air port 18 with adjustable opening degree is arranged on the shell of the stove, air enters the shell from the lower air port 18 and is preheated by the clamping bin of the stove wall, the air is sucked into the hearth 8 from the upper air port 6 arranged on the stove wall, smoke reaching the upper part of the hearth 8 is mixed with self-preheating air entering the hearth 8 from the upper air port 6, smoke disturbance is enhanced, unburned gas is promoted to be burnt out, and the phenomenon of black smoke emission can be reduced to a certain degree; tail flue gas is filtered by a filter screen 4 in the tail flue 3, and is discharged after heat waste of the flue gas is absorbed by the heat exchanger 1 and the water tank 2, and the filter screen 4 and the slag discharge port 5 need to be cleaned regularly to prevent dust from accumulating to block the flue 3; the countertop 20 is spaced from the firebox 8 and is maintained at a suitable temperature for cooking operations.
The core idea of the invention is as follows: the core of the invention is to introduce self-heating secondary air by improving the hearth structure, improve the hearth temperature and smoke disturbance, and ensure the stable and sufficient combustion of the low-volatile-component coal.
Preferably, the arrangement form of the primary air preheater 11 can be adjusted to recover ash residue waste heat and preheat primary air.
Preferably, the gas flow form and the temperature of the combustion zone in the hearth can be improved by adjusting the shapes of the front furnace wall and the rear furnace wall, and the opening degree of the downdraft opening is adjusted to control the air volume of the secondary air, so that the combustion efficiency is improved.
The fire of the stove can be controlled by adjusting the frequency and the air supply quantity of the vibrating grate, and the operability of the stove is improved.
Preferably, the front furnace wall is positioned at the charging side at the front part of the fire grate, and a row of vent holes are formed above the furnace wall; the main function is to absorb the radiant heat from the flame and the high temperature flue gas, and radiate the radiant heat to the new fuel in a centralized way, so that the new fuel is heated and ignited, and the air entering from the bottom end of the shell enters the hearth through the vent hole after being preheated, so as to burn out the combustible gas.
Preferably, the back oven is located the grate rear portion, and the oven top is seted up one row of ventilation hole, and the main function is carried the high temperature flue gas in the strong combustion area on the grate to the preceding oven, strengthens the ignition effect of preceding oven, and the backward flow of high temperature flue gas can play the disturbance to furnace atmosphere, gets into furnace through the ventilation hole after the air that gets into from the shell bottom preheats and burns off combustible gas and make combustible gas fully burn.
Claims (4)
1. The low-volatile-component coal-fired environment-friendly energy-saving furnace is characterized by comprising an air chamber (12), a hearth (8), a cooking bench surface (20) and a flue (3) which is vertically and upwardly communicated with the circumferential direction of the cooking bench surface (20) in sequence from bottom to top; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the hearth (8) is composed of a front furnace wall (19) and a rear furnace wall (7), a fan (15) is arranged at one end, close to the front furnace wall (19), outside the air chamber (12), a primary air preheater (11) is arranged at the other end, close to the rear furnace wall (7), inside the air chamber (12), an ash discharge port (10) is formed in the bottom of the air chamber (12), a plurality of compartments (14) are sequentially arranged above the inside of the air chamber (12), an air outlet is formed in the upper part of each compartment (14), a vibrating grate (16) is arranged above each air outlet, an outlet of the fan (15) is communicated to an inlet of the primary air preheater (11), and an outlet of the primary air preheater (11) is communicated to each compartment (14) through an air supply pipe (13);
a feed inlet (17) is formed below the front furnace wall (19), a furnace shell is arranged on the upper portions of the front furnace wall (19) and the rear furnace wall (7) in the circumferential direction, a hollow cavity is formed between the furnace shell and the hearth (8), a plurality of opening-adjustable lower air openings (18) are formed in the front and the rear of the furnace shell, and upper air openings (6) are formed in the circumferential direction above the front furnace wall (19) and the rear furnace wall (7);
a water tank (2) is arranged on the circumferential direction of the flue (3), and a slag discharge port (5) is formed at the bottom of the flue (3); a filter screen (4) is arranged in the flue (3) above the slag discharge port (5);
a plurality of heat exchangers (1) penetrating through the side wall are arranged on the side wall between the flue (3) and the water tank (2) in the circumferential direction;
each vibrating grate (16) is provided with an inclination angle, so that the frequency of the vibrating grate and the air supply quantity of an air supply system can be synchronously adjusted, and the aim of adjusting the fire power of the stove is fulfilled.
2. The environment-friendly and energy-saving low-volatile coal briquette furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rear furnace door (9) is arranged below the rear furnace wall (7).
3. The low-volatile coal environment-friendly energy-saving furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal section of the front furnace wall (19) is parabolic, the longitudinal section of the rear furnace wall (7) comprises a straight line segment with an inclination angle α at the lower section, specifically 10-20 degrees, a middle circular arc segment in smooth transition, and an upper segment which is another straight line segment.
4. The environment-friendly and energy-saving low-volatile coal briquette furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening-adjustable downdraft opening (18) comprises a plurality of circular air holes (22) formed in the front and rear of the furnace shell, and an opening-adjustable plate (21) for adjusting the size of the circular air holes (22).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811367919.9A CN109539316B (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Low-volatile-component coal-fired environment-friendly energy-saving furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811367919.9A CN109539316B (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Low-volatile-component coal-fired environment-friendly energy-saving furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109539316A CN109539316A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
| CN109539316B true CN109539316B (en) | 2020-06-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811367919.9A Active CN109539316B (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Low-volatile-component coal-fired environment-friendly energy-saving furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113251443A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-13 | 李建军 | Low-order clean bituminous coal burning civil stove |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2272527Y (en) * | 1996-04-15 | 1998-01-14 | 刘雪华 | Multi-fuction uniformly layered combustion device |
| DE10339133B4 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-05-12 | Fisia Babcock Environment Gmbh | NOx reduction process in combustion chambers and apparatus for carrying out the process |
| CN100453903C (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2009-01-21 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Method for cooling bottom dregs at fluid bed boiler |
| CN201269534Y (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-08 | 国电龙源电力技术工程有限责任公司 | Apparatus used for burning biomass stalk |
| CN201983253U (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2011-09-21 | 华北电力大学 | Biomass direct-fired boiler |
| BR112017027793A2 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2018-08-28 | Fujisaki Electric Co Ltd | biomass power generation system using bamboo material as main fuel and combustion method of bamboo material in biomass power generation system |
| CN106016714A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 哈尔滨市金京锅炉有限公司 | Household boiler rapidly heating water tank |
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