CN107415399A - 一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡 - Google Patents

一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡 Download PDF

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CN107415399A
CN107415399A CN201710604438.4A CN201710604438A CN107415399A CN 107415399 A CN107415399 A CN 107415399A CN 201710604438 A CN201710604438 A CN 201710604438A CN 107415399 A CN107415399 A CN 107415399A
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蔡明贤
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    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,包括玻璃纤维和增强聚酯纤维,且玻璃纤维的质量百分比为33%~43%,增强聚酯纤维的质量百分比为57%~67%,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯65~73份,纳米氧化铝5~15份,木质素磺酸钠4~8份,木质素磺酸钙2~4份,明胶6~12份,8‑羟基喹啉0.3~0.6份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.2~0.4份,引发剂0.6~1.3份。本发明提出的复合毡,具有优异的耐高温、耐磨性、耐水性、抗拉伸性、韧性以及防霉功效,采用增强聚酯纤维与玻璃纤维多层叠加,再针刺的方式进行制备使纤维间的结合力显著增强。

Description

一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡。
背景技术
玻璃纤维针刺毡是一种结构合理、性能较好的过滤材料,以玻璃纤维为原料,用刺针对梳理后的短切玻纤毡进行针刺,用针刺的方式使毡层玻纤之间相互缠结,而制成的毡状非织造布过滤材料,广泛应用于炭黑、钢铁、有色金属、化工、焚烧等行业的烟气净化和粉尘回收各种袋式除尘器之中。
现有的玻璃纤维针刺毡主要是将玻璃纤维与玻璃纤维之间通过针刺的方式固定在一起,然而单一使用玻璃纤维制成的毡,首先耐水性能不好,吸水后易腐烂,而且玻璃纤维与玻璃纤维之间的钩合牢固度差,使用寿命短,而且随着玻璃纤维针刺毡的使用时间的延长,玻璃纤维针刺毡表面的磨损情况增大,玻璃纤维与玻璃纤维之间的钩合牢固度降低,致使玻璃纤维与玻璃纤维之间易发生脱离的现象,影响其使用功能,而且现有的玻璃纤维针刺毡表面的延展性能差,拉伸后易断裂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点,而提出的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡。
一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,包括玻璃纤维和增强聚酯纤维,且玻璃纤维的质量百分比为33%~43%,增强聚酯纤维的质量百分比为57%~67%,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯65~73份,纳米氧化铝5~15份,木质素磺酸钠4~8份,木质素磺酸钙2~4份,明胶6~12份,8-羟基喹啉0.3~0.6份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.2~0.4份,引发剂0.6~1.3份。
优选的,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯68~72份,纳米氧化铝6~12份,木质素磺酸钠4~8份,木质素磺酸钙2~4份,明胶8~10份,8-羟基喹啉0.3~0.6份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.2~0.4份,引发剂0.6~1.0份。
优选的,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯70份,纳米氧化铝8份,木质素磺酸钠6份,木质素磺酸钙3份,明胶9份,8-羟基喹啉0.4份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.3份,引发剂0.8份。
优选的,所述玻璃纤维的纤度为2.2~2.8dtex,增强聚酯纤维的纤度为3.2~4.0dtex。
优选的,所述纳米氧化铝的晶型为β或γ型,且比表面积在250m2/g以上。
优选的,所述木质素磺酸钠和木质素磺酸钙的重量份比为1~4∶1。
优选的,所述一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:增强聚酯纤维的制备,将相应重量份的对苯二甲酸丁二酯和引发剂加热混合后,加入相应重量份的木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙、明胶、8-羟基喹啉和邻苯基苯酚钠,继续混合10~30min,再均匀分散的纳米氧化铝,即得增强聚酯纤维料,再将增强聚酯纤维料送入螺旋杆挤出机,经分区加热、挤出、纺丝、冷却定型、干燥、切断和打包即得增强聚酯纤维;
S2:将S1制备的增强聚酯纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到增强聚酯纤维薄毡网,然后将增强聚酯纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的增强聚酯纤维网;
S3:将玻璃纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到玻璃纤维薄毡网,然后将玻璃纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的玻璃纤维网;
S4:强S2制备的增强聚酯纤维网与S3制备的玻璃纤维网层层叠加,叠加顺序按照增强聚酯纤维网、玻璃纤维网、增强聚酯纤维网的顺序依次进行,即得复合毡前体,且复合毡前体中最外层均为增强聚酯纤维网;
S5:S4制备的复合毡前体再经针刺、浸渍、挤压、烘干和烧结处理即得玻纤高温针刺复合毡成品。
本发明提出的复合毡,具有优异的耐高温、耐磨性、耐水性、抗拉伸性、韧性以及防霉功效,且纤维之间的结合力强;采用增强聚酯纤维与玻璃纤维进行多层叠加,再进行针刺,使玻璃纤维与增强聚酯纤维结合再一起,再经过浸渍、挤压、烘干和烧结处理使复合毡的韧性和抗拉伸性增强,而且使用的增强聚酯纤维以聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯为原料耐温性好,添加木质素磺酸钠和木质素磺酸钙提高耐水性好,因增强聚酯纤维具有良好的耐水性,因此将玻璃纤维夹在增强聚酯纤维中间,可以减少玻璃纤维易吸水的不足,而且增强聚酯纤维还具有防霉的功效,可以保证复合毡在潮湿环境下使用也不易发生霉变,在增强聚酯纤维中还添加了比表面积大的纳米氧化铝,在增强复合毡耐热、耐磨性能的同时还增强了复合毡的韧性,使复合毡在使用过程中不易断裂。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
实施例一
本发明提出的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,包括玻璃纤维和增强聚酯纤维,且玻璃纤维的质量百分比为33%,增强聚酯纤维的质量百分比为67%,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯68份,纳米氧化铝10份,木质素磺酸钠6份,木质素磺酸钙3份,明胶9份,8-羟基喹啉0.5份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.3份,引发剂1份。
其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:增强聚酯纤维的制备,将相应重量份的对苯二甲酸丁二酯和引发剂加热混合后,加入相应重量份的木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙、明胶、8-羟基喹啉和邻苯基苯酚钠,继续混合30min,再均匀分散的纳米氧化铝,即得增强聚酯纤维料,再将增强聚酯纤维料送入螺旋杆挤出机,经分区加热、挤出、纺丝、冷却定型、干燥、切断和打包即得增强聚酯纤维;
S2:将S1制备的增强聚酯纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到增强聚酯纤维薄毡网,然后将增强聚酯纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的增强聚酯纤维网;
S3:将玻璃纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到玻璃纤维薄毡网,然后将玻璃纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的玻璃纤维网;
S4:强S2制备的增强聚酯纤维网与S3制备的玻璃纤维网层层叠加,叠加顺序按照增强聚酯纤维网、玻璃纤维网、增强聚酯纤维网的顺序依次进行,即得复合毡前体,且复合毡前体中最外层均为增强聚酯纤维网;
S5:S4制备的复合毡前体再经针刺、浸渍、挤压、烘干和烧结处理即得玻纤高温针刺复合毡成品。
本发明中,所述玻璃纤维的纤度为2.6dtex,增强聚酯纤维的纤度为3.8dtex;所述纳米氧化铝的晶型为β型,且比表面积在250m2/g以上。
实施例二
本发明提出的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,包括玻璃纤维和增强聚酯纤维,且玻璃纤维的质量百分比为43%,增强聚酯纤维的质量百分比为57%,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯73份,纳米氧化铝5份,木质素磺酸钠6份,木质素磺酸钙4份,明胶8份,8-羟基喹啉0.3份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.4份,引发剂0.6份。
其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:增强聚酯纤维的制备,将相应重量份的对苯二甲酸丁二酯和引发剂加热混合后,加入相应重量份的木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙、明胶、8-羟基喹啉和邻苯基苯酚钠,继续混合10min,再均匀分散的纳米氧化铝,即得增强聚酯纤维料,再将增强聚酯纤维料送入螺旋杆挤出机,经分区加热、挤出、纺丝、冷却定型、干燥、切断和打包即得增强聚酯纤维;
S2:将S1制备的增强聚酯纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到增强聚酯纤维薄毡网,然后将增强聚酯纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的增强聚酯纤维网;
S3:将玻璃纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到玻璃纤维薄毡网,然后将玻璃纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的玻璃纤维网;
S4:强S2制备的增强聚酯纤维网与S3制备的玻璃纤维网层层叠加,叠加顺序按照增强聚酯纤维网、玻璃纤维网、增强聚酯纤维网的顺序依次进行,即得复合毡前体,且复合毡前体中最外层均为增强聚酯纤维网;
S5:S4制备的复合毡前体再经针刺、浸渍、挤压、烘干和烧结处理即得玻纤高温针刺复合毡成品。
本发明中,所述玻璃纤维的纤度为2.8dtex,增强聚酯纤维的纤度为3.2dtex;所述纳米氧化铝的晶型为γ型,且比表面积在250m2/g以上。
实施例三
本发明提出的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,包括玻璃纤维和增强聚酯纤维,且玻璃纤维的质量百分比为40%,增强聚酯纤维的质量百分比为60%,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯65份,纳米氧化铝15份,木质素磺酸钠4份,木质素磺酸钙4份,明胶6份,8-羟基喹啉0.6份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.2份,引发剂0.6份。
其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:增强聚酯纤维的制备,将相应重量份的对苯二甲酸丁二酯和引发剂加热混合后,加入相应重量份的木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙、明胶、8-羟基喹啉和邻苯基苯酚钠,继续混合30min,再均匀分散的纳米氧化铝,即得增强聚酯纤维料,再将增强聚酯纤维料送入螺旋杆挤出机,经分区加热、挤出、纺丝、冷却定型、干燥、切断和打包即得增强聚酯纤维;
S2:将S1制备的增强聚酯纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到增强聚酯纤维薄毡网,然后将增强聚酯纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的增强聚酯纤维网;
S3:将玻璃纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到玻璃纤维薄毡网,然后将玻璃纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的玻璃纤维网;
S4:强S2制备的增强聚酯纤维网与S3制备的玻璃纤维网层层叠加,叠加顺序按照增强聚酯纤维网、玻璃纤维网、增强聚酯纤维网的顺序依次进行,即得复合毡前体,且复合毡前体中最外层均为增强聚酯纤维网;
S5:S4制备的复合毡前体再经针刺、浸渍、挤压、烘干和烧结处理即得玻纤高温针刺复合毡成品。
本发明中,所述玻璃纤维的纤度为2.2dtex,增强聚酯纤维的纤度为3.2dtex;所述纳米氧化铝的晶型为β,且比表面积在250m2/g以上。
分别对实施例一~三制备的复合毡进行性能测试,测试结果如下:
实施例
耐温A(260℃,24h) 完好 完好 完好
耐温B(340℃,瞬间) 完好 完好 完好
耐磨(摩擦1000次) 完好 完好 完好
潮湿(相对湿度90%,7d) 无霉变 无霉变 无霉变
拉伸断裂强力(经向,N/25mm) 2231 2319 2287
拉伸断裂强力(纬向,N/25mm) 2216 2328 2291
上述测试结果显示,实施例一~三制备的玻纤高温针刺复合毡的耐温性能好,可以耐受长期260℃以上的高温,且瞬间承受高温达240℃,且耐磨能力强,防霉效果好,抗拉伸强度大。。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,其特征在于,包括玻璃纤维和增强聚酯纤维,且玻璃纤维的质量百分比为33%~43%,增强聚酯纤维的质量百分比为57%~67%,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯65~73份,纳米氧化铝5~15份,木质素磺酸钠4~8份,木质素磺酸钙2~4份,明胶6~12份,8-羟基喹啉0.3~0.6份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.2~0.4份,引发剂0.6~1.3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,其特征在于,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯68~72份,纳米氧化铝6~12份,木质素磺酸钠4~8份,木质素磺酸钙2~4份,明胶8~10份,8-羟基喹啉0.3~0.6份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.2~0.4份,引发剂0.6~1.0份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,其特征在于,所述增强聚酯纤维包括以下重量份的原料:聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯70份,纳米氧化铝8份,木质素磺酸钠6份,木质素磺酸钙3份,明胶9份,8-羟基喹啉0.4份,邻苯基苯酚钠0.3份,引发剂0.8份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,其特征在于,所述玻璃纤维的纤度为2.2~2.8dtex,增强聚酯纤维的纤度为3.2~4.0dtex。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,其特征在于,所述纳米氧化铝的晶型为β或γ型,且比表面积在250m2/g以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,其特征在于,所述木质素磺酸钠和木质素磺酸钙的重量份比为1~4∶1。
7.根据权利要求1-6中的任一项所述的一种玻纤高温针刺复合毡,其特征在于,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1:增强聚酯纤维的制备,将相应重量份的对苯二甲酸丁二酯和引发剂加热混合后,加入相应重量份的木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙、明胶、8-羟基喹啉和邻苯基苯酚钠,继续混合10~30min,再均匀分散的纳米氧化铝,即得增强聚酯纤维料,再将增强聚酯纤维料送入螺旋杆挤出机,经分区加热、挤出、纺丝、冷却定型、干燥、切断和打包即得增强聚酯纤维;
S2:将S1制备的增强聚酯纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到增强聚酯纤维薄毡网,然后将增强聚酯纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的增强聚酯纤维网;
S3:将玻璃纤维进行开松、给湿和梳理工序,得到玻璃纤维薄毡网,然后将玻璃纤维薄毡网送入铺网机,制备厚度为1~3mm的玻璃纤维网;
S4:强S2制备的增强聚酯纤维网与S3制备的玻璃纤维网层层叠加,叠加顺序按照增强聚酯纤维网、玻璃纤维网、增强聚酯纤维网的顺序依次进行,即得复合毡前体,且复合毡前体中最外层均为增强聚酯纤维网;
S5:S4制备的复合毡前体再经针刺、浸渍、挤压、烘干和烧结处理即得玻纤高温针刺复合毡成品。
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