CN107386196A - A kind of alluvial flat wetland swag system and its construction method - Google Patents
A kind of alluvial flat wetland swag system and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107386196A CN107386196A CN201710811048.4A CN201710811048A CN107386196A CN 107386196 A CN107386196 A CN 107386196A CN 201710811048 A CN201710811048 A CN 201710811048A CN 107386196 A CN107386196 A CN 107386196A
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- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/127—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips bags filled at the side
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of alluvial flat wetland swag system and its construction method, including being arranged on alluvial flat close to the one-level swag unit of river main stem and at least one-level is arranged on the secondary swag unit on the outside of the first order swag unit, the one-level swag unit includes at least two one-level swags being connected by the ecological branch of a river, every one-level of the secondary swag unit includes at least two secondary swags being connected by the ecological branch of a river, it is connected between the one-level swag and main stem by semi-permeable ecological weir, it is connected between swag not at the same level by permeating ecological weir, it is connected between swag at the same level by the ecological branch of a river.The present invention is together constituted the swag system of alluvial flat Wetlands buffering by multistage swag, the hydraulic connection of river main stem and alluvial flat is enhanced, the pollutant being lowered into by the precipitation of swags at different levels, section dirty and infiltration dam filtering and catharsis in river main stem water body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to river ecological to administer field, more particularly to a kind of alluvial flat wetland swag system and its structure side
Method, it is especially suitable for the naturalization structure of the plain tract alluvial flat wetland swag with one fixed width alluvial flat.
Background technology
In east China pediment plain and plains region, especially in Northeast plain and North China Plain area, river is in nature
It can develop under state to wandering stream, form the broad alluvial flat of area.The substantial amounts of old branch of a river, bow lake are formed on alluvial flat
Pool and pool caused by artificially digging phenomena such as husky together constitute the natural swag system of alluvial flat.In current plain tract
In the case of being constrained on its main stem, alluvial flat swag system is just bright with the generation of river main stem only in flood period flood passage more
Aobvious hydraulic connection；In low water and the period when a river is at its normal level, alluvial flat swag internal system and its poor with the hydraulic connection of river main stem
And then the problems such as causing water quality deterioration and aquatic ecosystem function reduction.Therefore, plains region alluvial flat and river how to be improved
The hydrology between road is connective, improves research and discussion that wet land water quality situation disease effectively improves river flood discharge capacity, to region of no relief
The reparation of alluvial flat wetland is particularly significant with building.
On the premise of alluvial flat wetland swag systemic-function is protected, using the microgeomorphologyd of alluvial flat, pass through structure
With transformation different depth, the swag of water level and shape, and strengthened using the measures such as dam are permeated between swag and swag and swag
Hydraulic connection between river course, the hydrology connectedness of alluvial flat wetland can be both improved, strengthens river system flood discharge capacity, intercepts
Suspension, floating object in flood；The absorption to solable matter in water can also be increased, improve wet land system water quality；Meanwhile also
It can be required to select suitable muskeg according to wetland recovery project, there is preferable landscape effect.However, at present still without one
Class is based on the connective plains region alluvial flat wetland constructive system for including the hydrology, water environment and water landscape lifting of the hydrology.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the deficiency in present riverine wetland reparation and structure, proposes a kind of alluvial flat wetland hole
Pool system and its construction method, wetland swag system of the structure with stronger hydrology connectedness on plain river alluvial flat, both
River flood passage requirement can be met, and can ensures wet land system water quality, while can also have the alluvial flat reparation knot of landscape effect concurrently
Structure.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of alluvial flat wetland swag system, including it is arranged on alluvial flat and leans on
The one-level swag unit of nearly river main stem and at least one-level is arranged on the secondary swag on the outside of the first order swag unit
Unit (two level, three-level the like), the one-level swag unit includes at least two one-levels being connected by the ecological branch of a river
Swag, every one-level of the secondary swag unit include at least two ad eundem secondary swags being connected by the ecological branch of a river,
The one-level swag, the pool bottom height of secondary swag outwards raise successively from main stem, between the one-level swag and main stem
It is connected by semi-permeable ecological weir, is connected between the swag of different stage by permeating ecological weir.
Preferably, the semi-permeable ecological weir is trapezium structure, towards the dam body gradient and the main stem river levee of main stem
The gradient is identical, and the dam body gradient towards one-level swag is gentle slope structure.
Preferably, the semi-permeable ecological weir includes the intrabasement dam foundation of intrenched stream dike, set parallel to main stem direction
Put in the shore protection lattice guest gabions of the dam foundation both sides, vertical main stem direction is arranged on the side wall of the dam foundation both sides, is covered in
Ecological bed course on the outside of the semi-permeable ecological weir, nearly main stem side is provided with the first permeable wall, the dam on the dam foundation
Remote main stem side is provided with the second permeable wall on base, and storm pavement is provided with the outside of first permeable wall and the second permeable wall
Cage, water-purifying material layer is filled between first permeable wall and the second permeable wall.
Preferably, the shore protection lattice guest gabion is highly the 1/3 of dam body height, the ovum that inside filling particle diameter is 5~10cm
Stone；First permeable wall and dam crest are contour, and the second permeable wall is equal with river period when a river is at its normal level water level；The thickness of the dam foundation and river
It is identical to flow the low water level depth of water；The bank protection gabion height of the first permeable wall side is highly identical with the first permeable wall, and described the
The bank protection gabion height of two permeable wall sides is highly identical with the second permeable wall.
Preferably, the bank protection gabion includes cobble gabion, big particle diameter gravel gabion, the granule set gradually from bottom to top
Footpath gravel gabion；Cobble gabion top dative guest's gabion top is equal, and big particle diameter gravel gabion top is equal with river par position.
Preferably, it be 30cm boulder beds that the water-purifying material layer, which includes the thickness that is arranged on the dam foundation, particle diameter for 5~
10cm, the zeolite layer being arranged on boulder bed, particle diameter is 3~7cm and the center gabion being arranged on inside the zeolite layer, institute
State zeolite layer and the second permeable wall is contour, biologic packing material is filled with the center gabion.
Biological ceramic particle that the biologic packing material is 1~2cm by particle diameter and particle diameter are 1~2cm slags by volume 6:4 is mixed
Close, the biological ceramic particle is the haydite for being fixed with denitrifying bacteria strain；Zeolite layer can be handled in water body by nitrification
Nitrogen, biological ceramic particle can be by the nitrogen in the processing water body of denitrification, phosphorus that slag can be preferably in adsorbed water body.
Preferably, the ecological weir of infiltration includes the intrabasement dam foundation of intrenched stream dike, parallel main stem direction is arranged on
The shore protection lattice guest gabion of the dam foundation both sides, vertical main stem direction be arranged on the side wall of the dam foundation both sides, be covered in it is described
The ecological bed course permeated on the outside of ecological weir, both sides are provided with bank protection gabion, the dam foundation, lattice guest gabion, shield on the dam foundation
Slope gabion specification is identical with semi-permeable ecological weir with filler.
Preferably, planted in the one-level swag, secondary swag and be implanted with hygrophyte and/or water plant, on ecological bed course
Also kind is implanted with hygrophyte and/or water plant.
Preferably, water delivery is passed through between the secondary swag of first worst one-level on the river main stem and inflow direction
Pipeline is connected, and is connected between the river main stem and last one-level swag on inflow direction by the ecological branch of a river.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of construction method of alluvial flat wetland swag system, as follows
The described alluvial flat wetland swag system of structure：
A, the water channel that river main stem and alluvial flat are connected is blocked in construction section, by already present hole on riverbed and alluvial flat
The pool drains or excavated new swag, and requires finishing and structure swag according to river natural conditions and landscape design；
B, after damming, simple desilting and smooth processing is carried out to riverbed and swag bottom, needing to build ecological weir
Ba Chu excavates the earthwork, and the semi-permeable ecological weir dam foundation is laid between main stem and one-level swag and builds semi-permeable ecological weir, phase
Laying permeates the ecological weir dam foundation and builds the ecological weir of infiltration between adjacent different stage swag；
C, build the ecological branch of a river between swag at the same level to be connected, structure permeates ecological weir and is connected between swag not at the same level
It is logical, semi-permeable ecological weir is built between one-level swag and main stem and is connected；
D, ecological pad layer is covered in semi-permeable ecological weir, the ecological weir of infiltration, and in one-level swag, secondary swag
Hygrophyte and/or water plant are implanted with kind on ecological bed course.
Based on above-mentioned technical proposal, it is an advantage of the invention that：
The alluvial flat wetland swag system and its construction method of the present invention can build a kind of connective with the preferable hydrology
Alluvial flat Wetlands buffering swag system.Wherein, swag at the same level is connected with the ecological branch of a river, swag and swag and main stem not at the same level
Between be connected by permeating dam with semi-permeable dam, make whole system be provided simultaneously with improve river flood discharge capacity, water body self-purification ability
And the characteristics of landscape effect.After this alluvial flat wetland swag system constructing, have the positive effect that：
First, by semi-permeable dam and the horizontal infiltration on infiltration dam, the water of river main stem and alluvial flat wetland can be strengthened
It is literary connective, wetland Na Xuhongshui ability and main stem flood discharge capacity are improved, there is certain water resource analysis.In flood period
Can preferable Na Xuhongshui, effective flood peak clipping, reduce threat of the flood to lower reaches of river.Joined by the longitudinal direction of the ecological branch of a river
System, it is ensured that the hydrology and ecosystem exchange capacity between swag at the same level, there are certain ecological functions.
Secondly, stream self-purification ability can be improved by alluvial flat wetland purification main stem river in the period when a river is at its normal level.Permeate dam
Catharsis show river laterally circulation on.River first passes around filtering and the interception function of gravel in process of osmosis,
Suspended particulate substance in water body greatly reduces, and after water-purifying material layer is entered by permeable wall, occurs first in zeolite filler
Nitration reaction, the absorption of generation anti-nitration reaction and phosphorus after biologic packing material layer is traveled further into, greatly reduces the nitrogen in water body
The pollutants such as phosphorus.
Finally, alluvial flat swag can rationally be set swag position and plant landscape plant according to landscape effect demand.In river
After the completion of overbank swag system constructing, can be had according to the suitable humidogene of requirement of engineering and situation selection on the spot and water plant
Certain landscape function.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the application, this hair
Bright schematic description and description is used to explain the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is alluvial flat wetland swag system schematic；
Fig. 2 is semi-permeable ecological weir structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the ecological weir structural representation of infiltration；
Fig. 4 is ecological weir schematic side view.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The invention provides a kind of alluvial flat wetland swag system, as shown in Figure 1 to 4, illustrated therein is the present invention's
A kind of preferred embodiment.The present invention builds or reconstructed on alluvial flat according to River Hydrology feature and alluvial flat microgeomorphologyd
Swag, connected between swag and main stem by the ecological branch of a river and ecological weir between swag, being formed has the stronger hydrology connective
Wetland swag system.It mainly includes the content of two aspects, is the more of the pool bottom height step change that is connected with each other first
Level alluvial flat swag system；Next to that between ensureing different brackets swag and between first order swag and main stem, the hydrology connects
The ecological weir system of property.
Specifically, the alluvial flat wetland swag system includes being arranged on alluvial flat close to the one-level hole of river main stem 1
Pool unit and the two level swag unit being arranged on the outside of the first order swag unit, the one-level swag unit are included at least
Two one-level swags 2 being connected by the ecological branch of a river 7, the two level swag unit pass through the ecological branch of a river 7 including at least two
The two level swag 3 being connected, the one-level swag 2, the bottom level of two level swag 3 outwards raise successively from main stem 1, described
It is connected between one-level swag 2 and main stem 1 by semi-permeable ecological weir 4, is given birth between the swag of different stage by permeating
State weir 5 is connected.
As shown in figure 1, the one-level swag unit should be built on the alluvial flat close to river main stem 1, by partly oozing
Saturating ecological weir 4 is connected with main stem 1.What the one-level swag unit was connected including at least two by the ecological branch of a river 7
One-level swag 2, one-level swag 2 are preferred in the strip along river direction, at the top of the dam foundation of bottom and semi-permeable ecological weir 4 etc.
It is high.The bottom of two level swag 3 should be higher than that the pool bottom of one-level swag 2, the like, the sum of series gross reservoir capacity of multistage swag system should
Flow (is met within 5 years one or 10 years one meets) according to the river flood phase to determine.
The overhead height of the semi-permeable ecological weir 4 should combine River Flood standard and (meet within 5 years one or 10 years one meet) structure
Build.Semi-permeable ecological weir 4 is arranged on swag on the direction of main stem 1, and its length determines according to swag size, and described half
Permeate the 1/4 of the of length no more than swag girth of ecological weir 4.Remainder dykes and dams are the common river levee of river main stem 1.It is preferred that
Ground, the semi-permeable ecological weir 4 is trapezium structure, and the dam body gradient towards main stem 1 is identical with the river levee gradient of main stem 1,
The dam body gradient towards one-level swag 2 is gentle slope structure.
As shown in Fig. 2 the semi-permeable ecological weir 4 includes the intrabasement dam foundation 18 of intrenched stream dike, the side of parallel main stem 1
To be arranged on the shore protection lattice guest gabion 8 of the both sides of the dam foundation 18, the direction of vertical main stem 1 is arranged on the sides of the both sides of the dam foundation 18
Wall 19, the ecological bed course 13 for being covered in the outside of semi-permeable ecological weir 4, the nearly side of main stem 1 is provided with the dam foundation 18
First permeable wall 12, the remote side of main stem 1 is provided with the second permeable wall 16, first permeable wall 12 and second on the dam foundation 18
The outside of permeable wall 16 is provided with bank protection gabion, and water-purifying material is filled between the permeable wall 16 of the first permeable wall 12 and second
Layer.
The ecological bed course, which according to circumstances can be piled up or be laid from the ecology bag for loading bed mud in river, is mixed with aquatic/humidogene
The plant-growth carpet of vegetable seeds.The water-purifying material layer include being arranged on thickness on the dam foundation for 30cm boulder beds (5~10cm),
The zeolite layer (3~7cm) being arranged on boulder bed and the center gabion being arranged on inside the zeolite layer, the zeolite layer with
Second permeable wall is contour, and biologic packing material is filled with the center gabion.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, the dam foundation 18 is fluid-tight reinforced concrete structure substrate, needs intrenched stream levee foundation bottom, thickness
It is identical with the river low water level depth of water.The both sides of the dam foundation 18 in the parallel direction of main stem 1 are provided with shore protection lattice guest gabion 8, prevent
River washes away and fixed domatic.Side wall 19 is provided with the vertical direction of main stem 1 in the both sides of the dam foundation 18, i.e. both ends of the surface are side
Wall 19.The semi-permeable inside of ecological weir 4 sets twice non-fine concrete permeable wall, is ensureing the basis of river transverse hydraulic contact
The bulk strength of the upper semi-permeable weir of enhancing, prevents dam break risk.It is permeable to be provided with first for the nearly side of main stem 1 on the dam foundation 18
Wall 12, the remote side of main stem 1 is provided with the second permeable wall 16 on the dam foundation 18.Wherein, described first permeable wall 12 and dam crest etc.
Height, the second permeable wall 16 are equal with river period when a river is at its normal level water level.
Preferably, the bank protection gabion include set gradually from bottom to top cobble gabion 9, big particle diameter gravel gabion 10,
Small particle gravel gabion 11.Bank protection gabion height, the institute highly identical with the first permeable wall 12 of the side of first permeable wall 12
The bank protection gabion height for stating the side of the second permeable wall 16 is highly identical with the second permeable wall 16.First permeable wall 12 sets 3 layers of stone
Cage, fill cobble, big particle diameter gravel and small particle gravel respectively from down to up, form cobble gabion 9, big particle diameter gravel gabion
10th, small particle gravel gabion 11, the top dative guest's gabion top of cobble gabion 9 is equal, the big top of particle diameter gravel gabion 10 and river
Levelling water level is equal.Ensure to be come back in river course by boulder bed by the particulate matter that permeable wall stops.
Water-purifying material layer is filled between twice permeable wall, the water-purifying material layer includes the thickness being arranged on the dam foundation 18
Spend the boulder bed 17 for 30cm, the zeolite layer 15 being arranged on boulder bed 17 and interior center is wrapped in by the zeolite layer 15
Gabion 14, the center gabion 14 is interior to be filled with biologic packing material.The biologic packing material by particle diameter be 1~2cm biological ceramic particle with
Particle diameter is 1~2cm slags by volume 6:4 mixing, the biological ceramic particle is the haydite for being fixed with denitrifying bacteria strain；Zeolite
Layer can handle the nitrogen in water body by nitrification, and biological ceramic particle can pass through the nitrogen in the processing water body of denitrification, slag
Phosphorus that can be preferably in adsorbed water body.
The rear side of second permeable wall 16 also lays 3 layers filled with cobble, big particle diameter gravel and small particle gravel from down to up
Gabion, its effect are identical with 12 anterior gabion of the first permeable wall.The outside of whole semi-permeable weir 4 covers ecological bed course 13,
Humidogene and/or water plant can be planted thereon.Cobble gabion thickness is 30cm, big particle diameter gravel and small particle gravel gabion thickness phase
Together.
As shown in figure 1, two level swag 3 is arranged on the outside of one-level swag 2, its substrate level should be slightly above river ecological base
The height of water level of flow.River ecological Dryweather flow can simply regard as the Eco-environmental Water Requirements of Rivers, and its computational methods is according to river
Stream self-condition and known hydrographic data can use to be counted the methods of Tennant methods, the moon (year) fraction subjunctive or wetted perimeter method
Calculate (most withered moon discharge method should not be used).Two level swag is connected with one-level swag using ecological weir 5 is permeated, and its structure is with partly oozing
The saturating ecological structure of weir 4 is similar, only eliminates two layers of pervious concrete wall in dam body.
Specifically as shown in figure 3, the ecological weir 5 of infiltration includes the intrabasement dam foundation 18 of intrenched stream dike, parallel main stem 1
Direction is arranged on the shore protection lattice guest gabion 8 of the both sides of the dam foundation 18, the direction of vertical main stem 1 is arranged on the both sides of the dam foundation 18
Side wall 19, the ecological bed course 13 for permeating the ecological outside of weir 5 is covered in, both sides are provided with storm pavement on the dam foundation 18
Cage, fill cobble, big particle diameter gravel and small particle gravel in the bank protection gabion respectively from down to up, form cobble gabion 9, big
Particle diameter gravel gabion 10, small particle gravel gabion 11.
Preferably, on the river main stem 1 and inflow direction between the secondary swag 3 of first outermost one-level by defeated
Waterpipe 6 is connected, and river is pumped into by water pump in highest swag.On the river main stem 1 and inflow direction
It is connected between last one-level swag 2 by the ecological branch of a river 7, to strengthen hydrology connectedness.Preferably, the one-level swag
2nd, kind is implanted with hygrophyte and/or water plant in two level swag 3 and on ecological bed course 13.Multistage swag together constitutes simultaneously
The swag system of alluvial flat Wetlands buffering, by the precipitation of swags at different levels, cut dirty and infiltration dam filtering and catharsis
The pollutant being lowered into the water body of river main stem 1.
Flood in flood period, river main stem can pass through semi-permeable weir inverse osmosis to alluvial flat wet land system
In, strengthen river flood discharge capacity.Simultaneously because flood is more to enter Wetlands buffering by osmosis, in main stem suspension with
The amount that floating object enters wetland will also greatly reduce.Alluvial flat wetland swag system flood period have receive storages, filter flood, carry
The effect of high main stem flood discharge capacity.In the period when a river is at its normal level and dry season, main stem ecological matrix can ensured according to swag water quality situation
Drawn water on the basis of stream using water pump from main stem into highest swag, strengthen water body fluid ability, form recyclable river
Road --- alluvial flat wetland swag system, ensure wet land water quality.Meanwhile it can be turned into by pumping for water pump, the system in the period when a river is at its normal level
Purify the important place of main stem river.In addition, multistage swag system can also enter river by purifying face source runoff decreased
In pollutant.
Embodiment 2
The present invention also provides a kind of construction method of alluvial flat wetland swag system, and alluvial flat wet land system is by least two-stage
Alluvial flat swag system is formed, and is also formed by connecting per one-level alluvial flat swag system by least two swags by the ecological branch of a river,
Swag system gross reservoir capacity can be main stem for many years average flood water 60%~80%.Specific swag quantity and swag system
Series is determined by River Hydrology feature and improvement section alluvial flat area.Specifically, described river can be built as follows to overflow
Beach wetland swag system：
A, river main stem 1 and its water channel being connected with alluvial flat are blocked in construction section, by already present hole on alluvial flat
The pool drains or excavated new swag, and requires finishing and structure swag according to river natural conditions and landscape design.
B, after damming, simple desilting and smooth processing are carried out to main stem (1) and swag bottom；Needing to build life
Earth excavation at state weir, the semi-permeable ecological weir dam foundation 18 is laid between main stem 1 and one-level swag 2 and builds semi-permeable ecology
Weir 4, between adjacent different stage swag laying permeate the ecological weir dam foundation 18 and build the ecological weir 5 of infiltration.
C, build the ecological branch of a river 7 between swag at the same level to be connected, structure permeates the ecological phase of weir 5 between swag not at the same level
Connection, semi-permeable ecological weir 4 is built between one-level swag 2 and main stem 1 and is connected.If any the ground of road construction demand
Side, can be connected by culvert pipe.
D, ecological pad layer 13 is covered in semi-permeable ecological weir 4, the ecological weir 5 of infiltration, and in one-level swag 2, two level
Kind is implanted with hygrophyte and/or water plant in swag 3 and in ecological bed course 13.
Wherein, semi-permeable ecological weir 4, the construction method of the ecological weir 5 of infiltration are as follows：
Permeate ecological weir 5：The earthwork between swag not at the same level is dug out and smooth pool bottom, the dam foundation is poured using armored concrete
18 and weir side wall 19, it is sequentially arranged the ecological 5 each Rotating fields of weir of infiltration.Ecological pad layer 13 is finally covered on dam structure
And it is biological to plant aquatic and/or humidogene.
Semi-permeable ecological weir 4：Processing of damming is carried out to main stem 1 in engineering section first, river is arranged by diversion channel
To engineering section downstream.Needing to build the dykes and dams at semi-permeable ecological weir 4 between excavation swag and main stem 1, smooth substrate
And the pouring reinforcement concrete dam foundation 18 and weir side wall 19, while pour the first permeable wall 12, using Sand-free permeable concrete
Two permeable walls 16, strengthen dam structure and water penetration, remaining each layer laying is identical with permeating ecological weir 5.
It is a kind of connective with the preferable hydrology that the alluvial flat wetland swag system and its construction method of the present invention is intended to structure
Alluvial flat Wetlands buffering swag system.Wherein, swag at the same level is connected with the ecological branch of a river, swag and swag not at the same level and main river
It is connected between groove by permeating dam with semi-permeable dam, enables whole system to be provided simultaneously with improving river flood discharge capacity, the self-purification of water
The characteristics of power and landscape effect.After this alluvial flat wetland swag system constructing, have the positive effect that：
First, by semi-permeable dam and the horizontal infiltration on infiltration dam, the water of river main stem and alluvial flat wetland can be strengthened
It is literary connective, wetland Na Xuhongshui ability and main stem flood discharge capacity are improved, there is certain water resource analysis.In flood period
Can preferable Na Xuhongshui, effective flood peak clipping, reduce threat of the flood to lower reaches of river.Joined by the longitudinal direction of the ecological branch of a river
System, it is ensured that the hydrology and biological state systems exchange ability between swag at the same level, there are certain ecological functions.
Secondly, stream self-purification ability can be improved by alluvial flat wetland purification main stem river in the period when a river is at its normal level.Permeate dam
Catharsis show river laterally circulation on.River first passes around filtering and the interception function of gravel in process of osmosis,
Suspended particulate substance in water body greatly reduces, and after water-purifying material layer is entered by permeable wall, occurs first in zeolite filler
Nitration reaction, the absorption of generation anti-nitration reaction and phosphorus after biologic packing material layer is traveled further into, greatly reduces the nitrogen in water body
The pollutants such as phosphorus.
Finally, alluvial flat swag can rationally be set swag position and plant landscape plant according to landscape effect demand.In river
After the completion of overbank swag system constructing, can be had according to the suitable humidogene of requirement of engineering and situation selection on the spot and water plant
Certain landscape function.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：Still
The embodiment of the present invention can be modified or equivalent substitution is carried out to some technical characteristics；Without departing from this hair
The spirit of bright technical scheme, it all should cover among the claimed technical scheme scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. alluvial flat wetland swag system, it is characterised in that：Including being arranged on alluvial flat close to the one of river main stem (1) Level swag unit and at least one-level is arranged on the secondary swag unit on the outside of the first order swag unit, the one-level swag Unit includes at least two one-level swags (2) being connected by the ecological branch of a river (7), every one-level bag of the secondary swag unit Include at least two secondary swags (3) being connected by the ecological branch of a river (7), the one-level swag (2), the bottom of secondary swag (3) Portion's height outwards raises successively from main stem (1), passes through semi-permeable ecological weir between the one-level swag (2) and main stem (1) Dam (4) is connected, and is connected between the swag of different stage by permeating ecological weir (5), leads between the swag of same levels Cross the ecological branch of a river and be connected to swag unit.
- 2. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The semi-permeable ecological weir (4) For trapezium structure, the dam body gradient towards main stem (1) is identical with main stem (1) river levee gradient, towards the dam of one-level swag (2) The body gradient is gentle slope structure.
- 3. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The semi-permeable ecological weir (4) The shore protection lattice of the dam foundation (18) both sides are arranged on including the intrabasement dam foundation of intrenched stream dike (18), parallel main stem (1) direction Guest's gabion (8), vertical main stem (1) direction be arranged on the side wall (19) of the dam foundation (18) both sides, be covered in it is described semi-permeable Ecological bed course (13) on the outside of ecological weir (4), nearly main stem (1) side is provided with the first permeable wall on the dam foundation (18) (12), remote main stem (1) side is provided with the second permeable wall (16), first permeable wall (12) and second on the dam foundation (18) Bank protection gabion is provided with the outside of permeable wall (16), filled with net between first permeable wall (12) and the second permeable wall (16) Water material layer.
- 4. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The shore protection lattice guest gabion (8) Highly it is the 1/3 of dam body height, the cobble that inside filling particle diameter is 5~10cm；First permeable wall (12) and dam crest are contour, Second permeable wall (16) is equal with river period when a river is at its normal level water level；The thickness of the dam foundation (18) is identical with the river low water level depth of water；Institute State bank protection gabion height, second permeable wall (16) highly identical with the first permeable wall (12) of the first permeable wall (12) side The bank protection gabion height of side is highly identical with the second permeable wall (16).
- 5. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The bank protection gabion include from lower and On the cobble gabion (9), big particle diameter gravel gabion (10), the small particle gravel gabion (11) that set gradually.
- 6. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The water-purifying material layer includes setting Boulder bed (17) on the dam foundation (18), the zeolite layer (15) being arranged on boulder bed (17) and by the zeolite layer (15) interior center gabion (14) is wrapped in, the center gabion (14) is interior filled with by volume 6:The biological ceramic particle of 4 mixing And slag.
- 7. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ecological weir (5) bag of infiltration Include the intrabasement dam foundation of intrenched stream dike (18), parallel main stem (1) direction is arranged on the shore protection lattice guest of the dam foundation (18) both sides Gabion (8), vertical main stem (1) direction are arranged on the side wall (19) of the dam foundation (18) both sides, are covered in the infiltration ecology Ecological bed course (13) on the outside of weir (5), both sides are provided with bank protection gabion, the bank protection gabion inner side on the dam foundation (18) Filled with water-purifying material layer.
- 8. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The one-level swag (2) is until most The interior kind of secondary one-level swag (3) is implanted with hygrophyte and/or water plant, and hygrophyte is also planted on the ecological bed course (13) And/or water plant.
- 9. alluvial flat wetland swag system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The river main stem (1) is with coming It is connected on water direction between the secondary swag (3) of first worst one-level by aqueduct (6), the river main stem (1) it is connected between last one-level swag (2) on inflow direction by the ecological branch of a river (7).
- A kind of 10. construction method of alluvial flat wetland swag system, it is characterised in that：Building the right as follows will Seek the alluvial flat wetland swag system described in any one claim in 1~9：A, river main stem (1) and the water channel being connected with alluvial flat are blocked in construction section, will have been deposited on main stem (1) and alluvial flat Swag drain or excavate new swag, and finishing and structure swag are required according to river natural conditions and landscape design；B, after damming, simple desilting and smooth processing is carried out to main stem (1) and swag bottom, needing to build ecological weir Ba Chu excavates the earthwork, and the semi-permeable ecological weir dam foundation is laid between main stem (1) and one-level swag (2) and builds semi-permeable ecological weir Dam (4), between adjacent different stage swag laying permeate the ecological weir dam foundation and build the ecological weir (5) of infiltration；C, build the ecological branch of a river (7) between swag at the same level to be connected, structure permeates ecological weir (5) phase between swag not at the same level Connection, semi-permeable ecological weir (4) is built between one-level swag (2) and main stem (1) and is connected；D, cover ecological pad layer (13) on semi-permeable ecological weir (4), the ecological weir (5) of infiltration, and one-level swag (2), Kind is implanted with hygrophyte and/or water plant in secondary swag (3) and on ecological bed course (13).
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| CN108178323A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江绿维环境股份有限公司 | A kind of algae water separating system that cyanobacteria is controlled to pour in down a chimney |
| CN111549723A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-18 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | River beach fish habitat structure and construction method thereof |
| US11028568B1 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-06-08 | Frank Charles Adamek | Detention pond method |
| CN114590902A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-07 | 重庆大方生态环境治理股份有限公司 | Fish and grass symbiotic ecological fishing pond and fishery culture sewage treatment method |
| CN114946741A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Species pool method for recovering fish biodiversity |
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