CN211283925U - Formula of sinking buffering area highway runoff purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rainfall flood utilizes technical field, concretely relates to formula of sinking buffering area highway runoff purifier can be used to highway side ditch, median strip and sponge city class rainfall flood runoff purification treatment field. Specifically, the utility model discloses a highway runoff purifier, from the top down is including subsiding the space in proper order, the plant district, plant the soil district, strain and pass through district and isolation layer, and be equipped with the overflow tank in the middle of subsiding formula buffer zone highway runoff purifier, the device can effectively overcome prior art in purification efficiency low, engineering cost is high, the maintenance management is more complicated, masonry structure influences shortcomings such as view, through absorption, filtration, deposit, the degradation, composite action such as plant absorption, to SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen, pollutants such as total phosphorus have stable removal effect, can directly discharge or be used for the afforestation, the farming is irritated, uses such as road spray.

Description

Formula of sinking buffering area highway runoff purifier

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a rainfall flood utilizes technical field, concretely relates to formula of sinking buffering area highway runoff purifier can be used to highway side ditch, median strip and sponge city class rainfall flood runoff purification treatment field.

Background

A great deal of work is carried out on the water pollution rules, pollution control measures and the like of the road surface runoff at home and abroad, the internationally accepted method is to implement distributed control on the rainwater runoff, and various ecological methods are adopted to treat the rainwater runoff according to local conditions aiming at catchment areas with different characteristics. In the 70 s of the 20 th century, developed countries such as europe and the united states began to systematically research treatment technologies for surface runoff rainwater, and began to put into management and engineering practice, and a series of management systems were gradually formed, wherein the most representative of the management systems were optimal management measures (BMPs) for runoff rainwater proposed in the 80 s of the 20 th century and low-impact development technologies (LID) based on storm management and surface pollution treatment developed in the last 90 s of the 20 th century. For example, CN207672420U discloses a highway bridge deck runoff collection and ecological treatment purification system, which is used for collecting and purifying bridge deck runoff and temporarily collecting leaked harmful liquid, fire water and other accident drainage water, so as to reduce pollution of bridge deck runoff on the surrounding environment, and is particularly suitable for ecologically sensitive areas, the above technology is only suitable for collecting and purifying highway deck runoff, and the local implementation of distributed control is better; CN209428235U discloses a river and lake runoff pollution step control system, which comprises an initial rain filtration cut-off canal, a multi-stage plant filtration purification zone, an ecological wood revetment and an underwater soft fence, wherein the river and lake runoff pollution step control is performed through the plant purification zone and the submerged plant purification zone.

These conventional runoff purification techniques are mainly dependent on catchment area characteristics and the purpose of runoff treatment, such as water protection, rainwater utilization, groundwater replenishment or peak flow reduction. However, highway runoff is influenced by rainfall randomness, runoff water volume is uncertain, and the highway runoff monitoring system has the characteristics of randomness, intermittence and instability. In addition, the runoff quality fluctuation is large under the comprehensive influence of a plurality of factors such as rainfall time, rainfall capacity, the number of clear days before rain, the characteristics of a rainwater pipe network and the like, and not only the average concentration of pollutants in different rainfall events is far different, but also the concentration of pollutants in the same rainfall is greatly different after different rainfall periods. For a single rainfall event, the runoff pollutant concentration peak value is usually before the runoff peak value, and has a relatively obvious initial scouring characteristic. Aiming at the characteristics, the system for treating the rainwater runoff can randomly and intermittently operate and has strong water quantity and water quality impact load resistance.

Therefore, the runoff purification device in the prior art cannot be applied to the field of highway runoff pollution purification, highway runoff is influenced by rainfall randomness, runoff water flow is uncertain, runoff water quality fluctuation is large, and the runoff purification device has the characteristics of randomness, intermittence and instability. Therefore, a device suitable for purifying highway runoff pollutants is urgently needed, functions of detention, permeation, purification, emission and the like of rainwater runoff can be effectively realized, and meanwhile, the landscape effect of beautifying the environment is achieved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a purification treatment device to highway runoff pollution characteristics can effectively overcome shortcomings such as purification efficiency is low among the prior art, engineering cost is high, maintenance management is more complicated, masonry structure influences the view, through adsorption, filtration, deposit, degradation, plant absorption combined action such as, has stable removal effect to pollutants such as SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, can directly discharge or be used for uses such as afforestation, farming irrigation, road spray.

Specifically, the utility model relates to a sink type buffer zone highway runoff purification device, which comprises a settling space, a plant area, a soil planting area, a filtration area and an isolation layer from top to bottom in sequence, wherein an overflow tank is arranged in the middle of the sink type buffer zone highway runoff purification device;

furthermore, the sedimentation space is an inclined slope surface structure 8-15cm lower than the road surface and is used for accumulating initial rainfall runoff and providing runoff infiltration buffer time;

furthermore, the plant area is used for planting herbaceous vegetation and primarily intercepting runoff suspension pollutants;

furthermore, the soil planting area mainly provides a carrier for plant growth and fixation, and a certain proportion of yellow sand is doped according to the requirement;

furthermore, the filtration area is filled with a certain kind and proportion of filter materials which are used as a main reaction area for runoff purification, are purified through the physical action of adsorption and filtration and provide a fixed carrier for microbial degradation, and the filter materials adopt one or more of pebbles, gravels, furnace slag, clinoptilolite, sawdust and turfy soil;

furthermore, the isolating layer adopts impermeable geotextile or compacted clay, and mainly aims to prevent underground water pollution caused by leakage of dangerous chemicals on the road;

further, the overflow tank is located sunken formula buffering area highway runoff purifier horizontal direction middle part adopts to grout rubble or concrete and founds for rectangle or U-shaped irrigation canals and ditches, the overflow tank top is higher than plant soil zone top 5cm, and the surface lays into water grid tray, be close to the porous polyether filler of bottom pavement in the overflow tank, be equipped with the rainwater pipe of perforating in the middle of the overflow tank bottom, the last discharge hole of the rainwater pipe of perforating specifically is the trompil of staggering downwards with certain angle to one side at certain interval.

Further, the settling space is set to be 10cm lower than the road surface.

Furthermore, the vegetation area is used for planting herbaceous vegetation, and suitable herbaceous vegetation is planted locally in the vegetation area for preliminary interception runoff suspended pollutants, compromise the landscaping effect, vegetation area surface cover 3-8cm bark cover.

Furthermore, the thickness of the planting soil area is 15-25cm, and the planting soil area is configured according to the volume ratio of 5:2 of the planting soil to the yellow sand. The planting soil area selects local high-quality configured planting soil, mainly provides a carrier for plant growth and fixation, and can be doped with a certain proportion of yellow sand according to needs so as to improve the permeability.

Furthermore, the thickness of the filtration area is 30-45cm, and pebbles with the diameter of 5-8cm are used as a framework.

Furthermore, the framework middle filling volume ratio of the filter-through area is preferably 60:40 of gravel and slag, wherein the particle size of the gravel is 10-15mm, and the particle size of the slag is 8-10 mm.

Furthermore, the filling height of the porous polyether filler is 5-20cm, the perforated rainwater pipe (7) is a PVC porous pipe, the outflow hole is specifically a hole which is inclined downwards by 60 degrees and is 6-10mm, holes are formed at intervals on two sides, and the hole interval is 20-50 cm.

The utility model discloses a formula of sinking buffering area horizontal direction middle part is located to the overflow tank, adopts to grout rubble or concrete structure, rectangle or "U" shape irrigation canals and ditches. The radial flow which is too late for infiltration in the settling space flows into the overflow groove from the water inlet grid plate, is stored in the water storage space, is further adsorbed and filtered by the porous polyether filler, is collected by the perforated rainwater pipe, and is uniformly discharged. The water inlet grid plate can be opened regularly during long-term use, and high-speed cleaning equipment such as a high-pressure water gun is used for washing the bottom of the overflow tank and the perforated rainwater pipe, so that the perforated rainwater pipe is prevented from being blocked by highway runoff and drainage is prevented from being influenced.

Has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses a formula of sinking buffering area highway runoff purifier simple structure, design scientific and reasonable can effectively realize reducing the maintenance cost to comprehensive functions such as delay, infiltration, purification and emission of rainwater runoff, improves the view effect, and engineering cost is low. After the nature rainfall erodees the road surface and forms the road surface runoff, get into the utility model discloses a formula of sinking buffering takes highway runoff purifier, takes place vegetation control, infiltration, absorption, degradation, accumulation, composite action such as drainage wherein and gets rid of and purify the road surface runoff.

2. The utility model discloses a formula of sinking buffering area highway runoff purifier can effectively get rid of common pollutant such as COD in the highway runoff, SS, NH₃-N, TP; simultaneously this neotype runoff purifier can effectively collect and discharge the big water yield in the rainfall flood period, can keep effectual play water and inflow, in time the displacement to through adsorption, filtration, precipitation, degradation, composite action such as plant absorption, in the drainage, collect and purify harmful pollutants.

3. The utility model discloses a subside formula buffering area highway runoff purifier's settlement space is the slope surface structure that is less than road surface 8-15cm, a rainfall runoff in initial stage is stored up for wherein preferred, this thickness reserves suitable growth space for herbaceous plant growth, and store up the rainfall runoff in initial stage concurrently, this is the technique that we do not retrieve in any runoff clarification plant through the search, be the initiative at our center, the settlement space sets into slope surface structure, more do benefit to and solve road surface ponding, make its fast flow in buffering area in the area, through a large amount of contrast test, when we reach and be less than road surface 8cm, not only can in time arrange ponding, and reserve the space water storage for further subsiding the filtration.

4. The utility model discloses a planting soil area thickness is 15-25cm, and planting soil and yellow sand volume ratio 5:2 configuration through some experiments, we have reachd planting soil and yellow sand volume ratio 5:2, can guarantee that the rainwater in time oozes, and play the second grade filtering capability, and the yellow sand proportion is too high to be unfavorable for firm herbaceous vegetation, and the proportion is too low to be unfavorable for the second grade filtration in planting soil area again, reachs through the contrast experiment when planting soil and yellow sand volume ratio 5:2, and the effect is more excellent.

5. The thickness of the filtration zone is 30-45cm, pebbles with the diameter of 5-8cm are used as frameworks, and the preferred filling volume ratio of the middles of the frameworks is 60:40 of gravels and slag, wherein the particle size of the gravels is 10-15mm, and the particle size of the slag is 8-10 mm. Because the filtration area is a main reaction area entering the runoff purification, the runoff purification can be deeply purified in the area through composite actions of adsorption, filtration, degradation and the like, pebbles with the diameter of 5-8cm can play a role in rapid water seepage and drainage, the pebbles are small in size and not beneficial to draining accumulated water, the pebbles are large in size, and the purification effect is influenced by too few gravels and furnace slag filled in the middle of the framework; meanwhile, the packing volume ratio of the gravel and the slag is preferably 60:40, wherein the particle size of the gravel is 10-15mm, the particle size of the slag is 8-10mm, the optimal ratio is also obtained through long-term monitoring and experiments, and the material and the ratio thereof are more suitable for filtering common pollutants in the highway runoff. Through experimental comparison: and obtaining that the thickness of the filtration area is 45cm, pebbles with the diameter of 8cm are used as a framework, and the effect of filling the gravel and the slag with the volume ratio of 60:40 in the middle of the framework is optimal.

6. When the runoff gathered on the road surface is excessive, the runoff which is not ready to be infiltrated enters the overflow tank after large-particle impurities are simply filtered by the water inlet grid plate, is collected in the water storage space of the overflow tank, is further adsorbed and filtered by the porous polyether filler, and is converged by the perforated rainwater pipe and then is discharged into the rainwater pipe network; whole heavy formula buffering area highway runoff purifier is equipped with the isolation layer, generally adopts impervious material, plays the effect of protection road bed and the groundwater pollution that prevents that highway danger article from leaking and cause, when being used for sponge city construction, can adopt the pervious material of natural infiltration.

7. The overflow tank of the utility model is arranged in the middle of the horizontal direction of the sunken buffer belt highway runoff purification device and is constructed into a rectangular or U-shaped ditch, the inside of the overflow tank is close to the bottom to be paved with porous polyether filler, the middle of the bottom of the overflow tank is provided with the perforated rain pipes, the perforated rain pipes are obliquely and downwards staggered and perforated at certain angles at certain intervals, which is the first creation of our invention, the structure innovatively removes rainwater accumulated on the upper part of the sunken buffer zone in time, and simultaneously, the porous polyether filler is arranged at the bottom of the sunken buffer zone to fill in combination with common pollutants in highway runoff and further filter the pollutants, wherein the height of the porous polyether filler is 5-20cm, which is a better numerical range obtained by monitoring the flow rate of highway runoff and the filtering effect through experiments, through experimental comparison, the filtration and permeation effects are best when the thickness of the porous polyether filler in the main reaction zone is 20 cm. The outlet holes in the perforated rainwater pipe are specifically holes which are inclined downwards by 60 degrees and are 6-10mm in diameter, holes are formed at intervals on two sides, the hole forming distance is 20-50cm, and the perforated rainwater pipe is obtained through innovative design.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the structure of a sunken buffer zone highway runoff purification device

FIG. 2 arrangement of outlet holes of perforated storm sewer

FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating the right side of the perforated rain pipe

FIG. 4 is a left side opening view of the perforated rain pipe

Reference numerals in the figures

1: the settling space 2: plant area

3: and 4, planting soil area: filtration zone

5: an isolation layer 6: overflow trough

7: perforation rain pipe 8: water inlet grid plate

9: water storage space 10: herbaceous vegetation

11: preparing soil 12: filter material

13: porous polyether filler 14: outflow hole

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A sink type buffer zone highway runoff purification device comprises a sink space 1, a plant area 2, a soil planting area 3, a filtration area 4 and an isolation layer 5 from top to bottom in sequence, and an overflow tank 6 is arranged in the middle of the sink type buffer zone highway runoff purification device; the sedimentation space 1 is an inclined slope surface structure 15cm lower than the road surface and is used for storing early rainfall runoff; the plant area 2 is used for planting herbaceous vegetation and primarily intercepting runoff suspension pollutants; the soil planting area 3 mainly provides a carrier for plant growth and fixation, and a certain proportion of yellow sand is doped according to the requirement; the filtration zone 4 is filled with a certain kind and proportion of filter materials, is used as a main reaction zone for runoff purification, is purified through the physical action of adsorption and filtration, and provides a fixed carrier for microbial degradation, and the filter materials adopt one or more of pebbles, gravels, furnace slag, clinoptilolite, sawdust and turfy soil; the isolation layer 5 adopts impermeable geotextile or compacted clay, and mainly aims to prevent underground water pollution caused by leakage of dangerous chemicals on the road; the overflow tank 6 is arranged in the middle of the horizontal direction of the sunken buffer zone highway runoff purification device, a rectangular or U-shaped ditch is constructed by adopting mortar rubble or concrete, the top of the overflow tank 6 is higher than the top of the soil planting area by 5cm, a water inlet grid plate 8 is paved on the surface of the overflow tank, porous polyether fillers are paved near the bottom of the overflow tank 6, a perforated rainwater pipe 7 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the overflow tank 6, and the perforated rainwater pipe 7 is obliquely and downwards staggered and perforated at certain angles at certain intervals. The vegetation zone 2 is used for growing herbaceous vegetation. The surface of the plant area 2 is covered by 5cm of bark. The thickness of the planting soil area 3 is 15cm, and the planting soil area is configured according to the volume ratio of 5:2 of the planting soil to the yellow sand. The thickness of the filtration area 4 is 45cm, and pebbles with the diameter of 8cm are used as a framework. The framework-intermediate packing volume ratio of the percolation region 4 is preferably 60:40 of gravel and slag, wherein the gravel particle size is 15mm, and the slag particle size is 10 mm. The filling height of the porous polyether filler is 20cm, the perforated rainwater pipe 7 is a PVC porous pipe, the outflow hole 14 in the perforated rainwater pipe is a hole which is inclined downwards by 60 degrees and is 8mm, holes are formed at two sides at intervals, and the hole opening distance is 30 cm. The total length of the sinking type buffer zone is 500m, and the longitudinal distance between the overflow grooves is 25 m. The top of the overflow tank is 5cm higher than the top of the soil planting area, the upper part of the overflow tank is covered with a water inlet grid plate which is formed by staggered grids made of stainless steel, and a handle is arranged at the top of the water inlet grid plate, so that a high-pressure water gun is started to flush when the overflow tank is convenient to maintain.

As shown in fig. 1, the pavement runoff firstly flows into a settling space to be accumulated, and large suspended particles are intercepted and filtered by herbaceous plant leaves in a plant area and infiltrate into the plant area; the soil planting area mainly plays a role of fixing surface layer herbaceous plants, and can ensure that rainwater can infiltrate in time and play a secondary filtering function due to the filling of the configured soil; the runoff enters a main reaction zone for runoff purification through a soil planting zone, deep purification is carried out on the runoff through composite actions of adsorption, filtration, degradation and the like, and accumulation is carried out in a porous space of a filter material; when the runoff gathered on the road surface is excessive, the runoff which is not ready to be infiltrated enters the overflow tank after large-particle impurities are simply filtered by the water inlet grid plate, is collected in the water storage space of the overflow tank, is further adsorbed and filtered by the porous polyether filler, and is uniformly drained into the rainwater pipe network after converging through the perforated rainwater pipe; whole heavy formula buffering area highway runoff purifier is equipped with the isolation layer, generally adopts impervious material, plays the effect of protection road bed and the groundwater pollution that prevents that highway danger article from leaking and cause, when being used for sponge city construction, can adopt the pervious material of natural infiltration.

Experiment one: osmotic filtration experiment of different filtration zone thickness, planting soil and yellow sand volume ratio

In a sunken buffer zone in a certain province in northwest, designing the infiltration experiment with different infiltration zone thicknesses and filling volume ratios, and specifically adopting artificial rainfall simulation to compare the infiltration effects of different treated infiltration zones.

Experimental example 1

The filtration zone was constructed with reference to the apparatus of example 1, with the thickness of the filtration zone replaced by 30cm and pebbles 5cm in diameter were used as the skeleton. The framework of the percolation region is filled with gravel and slag in a 50:40 volume ratio in the middle of the framework.

Experimental example 2

The filtration zone was constructed with reference to the apparatus of example 1, with the thickness of the filtration zone replaced by 30cm and pebbles 8cm in diameter were used as the skeleton. The framework of the percolation region was packed with gravel and slag in a 60:30 ratio by volume between the middle of the framework.

Experimental example 3

The filtration zone was constructed with reference to the apparatus of example 1, the thickness of the filtration zone was replaced with 45cm and pebbles 5cm in diameter were used as the skeleton. The framework of the percolation region was packed with gravel and slag in a 60:20 ratio by volume between the middle of the framework.

The formula of sinking buffering that adopts above-mentioned mode to construct takes highway runoff purifier to local rainfall runoff purifying effect as follows:

TABLE 1 rainfall runoff purification effect comparison table

Through experimental comparison: the parameter effect of the embodiment 1 is best, namely the thickness of the filtration area is 45cm, pebbles with the diameter of 8cm are used as a framework, and the middle of the framework is filled with the gravels and the slag with the volume ratio of 60: 40.

Experiment two: experiment of purifying effect of filling materials in main reaction zone with different compositions

In a sunken buffer zone in a certain province in northwest, a test of filling height of porous polyether filler in different main reaction zones is designed, and artificial rainfall simulation is adopted to compare the permeation and filtration effects of the main reaction zones treated differently.

Experimental example 4

The main reaction zone was constructed with reference to the apparatus of example 1, and the thickness of the porous polyether packing in the main reaction zone was replaced with 5 cm.

Experimental example 5

The main reaction zone was constructed with reference to the apparatus of example 1, and the thickness of the porous polyether packing in the main reaction zone was replaced with 15 cm.

Experimental example 6

The main reaction zone was constructed with reference to the apparatus of example 1, and the thickness of the porous polyether packing in the main reaction zone was replaced with 25 cm.

TABLE 2 comparison of the purification effect of the fillers in the main reaction zone with different compositions

Through experimental comparison: the best results are obtained for the parameters of example 1, namely the thickness of the porous polyether filler in the main reaction zone is 20 cm.

Example 2:

in the construction of a sponge city trial park, a subsidence buffer zone is adopted for the roadside space design of a park road, the subsidence space is set to be 10cm, ryegrass is planted, the soil planting area is 25cm high, the surface is covered by 5cm bark, the filtration area is 30cm high, sawdust and clinoptilolite are filled, and the isolation layer is laid by permeable geotextile. The overflow tank is of a rectangular mortar rubble structure, 10-20cm of porous polyether filler is filled at the bottom of the overflow tank, a DN150 perforated rainwater pipe is paved in the middle of the overflow tank and connected with a rainwater pipe duct, and the water inlet grid plate is of a cast iron structure.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. A sink type buffer zone highway runoff purification device is characterized by comprising a sink space (1), a plant area (2), a soil planting area (3), a filtration area (4) and an isolation layer (5) from top to bottom in sequence, wherein an overflow tank (6) is arranged in the middle of the sink type buffer zone highway runoff purification device;

the settlement space (1) is a slope structure which is 8-15cm lower than the road surface and is inclined downwards at two sides;

herbaceous vegetation is planted in the plant area (2);

the planting soil area (3) is planting soil and yellow sand;

the filter penetration area (4) is filled with a filter material, and the filter material adopts one or more of pebbles, gravels, furnace slag, clinoptilolite, sawdust and turfy soil;

the isolating layer (5) adopts impermeable geotextile or compacted clay;

overflow tank (6) are located sunken formula buffering area highway runoff purifier horizontal direction middle part adopts grout rubble or concrete to establish for rectangle or U-shaped irrigation canals and ditches, overflow tank (6) top is higher than plant soil area top 5cm, and surface laying water grid tray (8), be close to the porous polyether filler of bottom pavement in overflow tank (6), be equipped with perforation downspout (7) in the middle of overflow tank (6) bottom, go out on perforation downspout (7) and specifically use certain angle oblique discharge hole to crisscross the trompil downwards for every certain interval for outlet (14).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the sedimentation space (1) is set to be 10cm below the road surface.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the plant area (2) is used for planting herbaceous vegetation.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the apparatus comprises: the surface of the plant area (2) is covered by 3-8cm of bark.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the thickness of the soil planting area (3) is 15-25 cm.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the thickness of the filtration area (4) is 30-45cm, and pebbles with the diameter of 5-8cm are used as a framework.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the filling height of the porous polyether filler is 5-20cm, the perforated rainwater pipe (7) is a PVC porous pipe, the outflow hole (14) is specifically a hole which is inclined downwards by 60 degrees and is 6-10mm, holes are formed at intervals on two sides, and the hole opening interval is 20-50 cm.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus comprises: the filling height of the porous polyether filler is 20 cm.

9. The sink-type buffer zone highway runoff purifying device of claim 6, wherein: the thickness of the filtration area is 45cm, pebbles with the diameter of 8cm are used as frameworks, and the middles of the frameworks are filled with the gravels and the furnace slag.

Images