CN107385189A - A kind of heat treatment method of austenitic stainless steel wires - Google Patents
A kind of heat treatment method of austenitic stainless steel wires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107385189A CN107385189A CN201710557696.1A CN201710557696A CN107385189A CN 107385189 A CN107385189 A CN 107385189A CN 201710557696 A CN201710557696 A CN 201710557696A CN 107385189 A CN107385189 A CN 107385189A
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- Prior art keywords
- steel wire
- annealing
- raw material
- austenitic stainless
- stainless steel
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention principally falls into metal smelt field, and in particular to a kind of heat treatment of austenitic stainless steel wires.This method preheats before annealing to material, the suitable annealing temperature of simultaneous selection, can eliminate the residual stress after steel wire drawing, improve the cold-workability of steel wire, the shape of stable steel wire, while have that technique is practical, low cost and other advantages, significantly improve wire quality and production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention principally falls into metal smelt field, and in particular to a kind of heat treatment of austenitic stainless steel wires.
Background technology
Steel wire drawing is a cold deformation process, is hardened along with violent processing, cold in order to improve austenitic stainless steel
Processing characteristics, the defects of preventing from producing fracture in process, and to obtain preferable corrosion resistance, it is necessary to austenite
Stainless steel carries out appropriate heat treatment, it is reduced hardness and recovers plasticity, steel wire is had good comprehensive mechanical property.It is conventional
Heat treatment method have solution heat treatment, hidden lino removal, stabilization processes, be substantially carried out solution heat treatment in this experiment
Reason.
Austenitic stainless steel is the type of stainless steel of most widely used trade mark most species, and its matrix is austenite,
It is nonmagnetic and there is high tenacity and plasticity, but intensity is relatively low, it is impossible to it is allowed to strengthen by phase transformation, is only capable of entering by cold working
Row is strengthened.Austenitic stainless steel solutionizing processing is exactly that steel is heated into the superfluous a certain temperature being mutually fully dissolved into solid solution
Degree, keep the process quickly cooled down after certain time.The purpose of solutionizing processing is sought in former each operation
The alloy carbide for producing or separating out is re-dissolved into austenite, single austenite structure is obtained, so as to ensure that material has
Good mechanical performance and decay resistance.In addition, austenitic stainless steel wires are in process of manufacture, all inevitable real estate
Raw stress, and material internal is remained in, the stainless steel wire with residual stress, because energy improves, atom is in thermodynamics not
Stable state, when being heated to certain temperature, poised state will be returned to quickly, is eliminated stress.
At present, the stainless steel wire of most of enterprise is during Drawing-anneal, using directly annealing and annealing temperature
Select unreasonable, steel wire also cannot get preferable performance requirement after an annealing process.How to find suitable annealing way and move back
Fiery temperature eliminates residual stress, improves the problem of steel wire properties are this area urgent need to resolve.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of heat treatment method of austenitic stainless steel wires, this method is being annealed
It is preceding that material is preheated, the suitable annealing temperature of simultaneous selection, the residual stress after steel wire drawing can be eliminated, improve steel wire
Cold-workability, the shape of stable steel wire, while have that technique is practical, low cost and other advantages significantly improves steel wire matter
Amount and production efficiency.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of heat treatment method of austenitic stainless steel wires, the described method comprises the following steps：
Surface treatment：Austenitic stainless steel wires are carried out with surface treatment and removes the impurity for remaining in Steel Wire Surface；
Preheating：By the steel wire heating after surface treatment to 450 DEG C~500 DEG C, 3~5min is incubated；
Annealing:Steel wire after preheating to be sent into 1050 DEG C~1100 DEG C of annealing furnace, Trace speed is 4~8m/min,
Cooling：Steel wire after annealing carries out air cooling in the duct, and whole pipelines are soaked into pond, can reduce pipeline
Temperature, improve air cooling effect；The pipeline has good thermal conductivity, in input channel steel wire can be made quick in the duct
Cooling, it is also possible to prevent stainless steel and is oxidized during cooling.
Steel wire is dried in preheating, can prevent steel wire from hydrogen embrittlement occurs in follow-up processing or use with dehydrogenation.
Further, protection gas is passed through into annealing furnace from the port of export of the annealing furnace incessantly in annealing process；
The arrival end of the annealing furnace is provided with igniter simultaneously, the igniter lights the protection discharged from annealing furnace
Gas.
The protection gas is decomposed ammonia, and the decomposed ammonia is H2And N2Mixed gas, and H2And N2Mol ratio be
3：1；
Or
The protection gas is the mixed gas of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and nitrogen.
Prevent steel wire from aoxidizing and maintaining malleation in boiler tube must be passed through protection gas in the lehr incessantly；
The decomposed ammonia is H2And N2Mixed gas, and H2And N2Mol ratio be 3：1；
Set igniter on the one hand by H in arrival end2And N2Burn into H20 and NO2, prevent from polluting air；The opposing party
Face, draught head is formed in the port of export and arrival end, be easy to protect gas to be diffused into arrival end from the port of export.Protect gas input position and
Gas flow has a significant impact to steel wire properties in boiler tube, and decomposed ammonia (3H is passed through from the port of export2+N2) protection gas, so may be used
So that protective gas in boiler tube flow direction and the steel wire direction of motion on the contrary, the protection gas of high-purity to just leaving high-temperature region
Steel wire is implemented to force cooling, will not produce " low-temperature oxidation ".If being passed through protection gas from arrival end, cooling is not had in the port of export
Effect.
Further, raw material is also included before the surface treatment step to detect；The raw material detection includes detecting raw material
It is no to have broken skin, scratch, veining defect, the ovality for detecting raw material, the tensile strength for detecting raw material, elongation percentage；
Defective raw material is rejected；
According to the ovality of the raw material detected, tensile strength, elongation percentage selective annealing technique, if the intensity of steel wire is high
Plasticity is low, just appropriate increase annealing time, allows steel wire tissue full and uniformization.If intensity inductile is good, when just reducing annealing
Between.
Further, the surface treatment includes pickling and washing successively；
The pickling is using sulphuric acid electrolyte pickling, by continually changing electric current, makes steel wire that electrolytic attack occur, in steel
Silk table face produces gas, so as to remove the impurity for remaining in Steel Wire Surface；
The washing is that remnants acid solution and drying are rinsed out in washing section.
Further, epithelium processing is carried out after the steel wire cooling.
The advantageous effects of the present invention：
(1) present invention is detected to raw material before treatment, and suitable technological parameter is set according to the mechanical property of raw material；
(2) present invention is preheated before annealing to steel wire, and steel wire is dried, with dehydrogenation steel wire can be prevented follow-up
Processing or use in hydrogen embrittlement occurs；
(3) present invention is passed through protection gas from the annealing furnace port of export, and gas flow is to steel in protection gas input position and boiler tube
Silk performance has a significant impact, and decomposed ammonia (3H is passed through from the port of export2+N2) protection gas, can so make protective gas in boiler tube
Middle flow direction and the steel wire direction of motion on the contrary, the protection gas of high-purity is implemented to force to cool down to the steel wire for just leaving high-temperature region,
It will not produce " low-temperature oxidation ".If being passed through protection gas from arrival end, cooling effect is not had in the port of export.Simultaneously in arrival end
Igniter is set, on the one hand by H2And N2Burn into H20 and NO2, prevent from polluting air；On the other hand, in the port of export and entrance
End forms draught head, is easy to protect gas to be diffused into arrival end from the port of export；
(4) present invention optimizes annealing temperature during annealing；
The present invention can eliminate the residual stress after steel wire drawing, improve the cold-workability of steel wire, stablize the shape of steel wire,
Have that technique is practical, low cost and other advantages simultaneously, significantly improve wire quality and production efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, the process chart of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2, the process chart of embodiment 2；
Fig. 3, the process chart of embodiment 3；
304 austenitic stainless steel wires in Fig. 4 a, embodiment 2 have cross-sectional metallographic schematic illustration of tissue after preheating heat treatment；
Cross-sectional metallographic schematic illustration of tissue after 304 austenitic stainless steel wires without preheatings heat treatment in Fig. 4 b, embodiment 2；
Cross-sectional metallographic group after 1050 DEG C of annealing temperature heat treatments of 316L austenitic stainless steel wires in Fig. 5 a, embodiment 3
Knit schematic diagram；
Cross-sectional metallographic group after 1000 DEG C of annealing temperature heat treatments of 316L austenitic stainless steel wires in Fig. 5 b, embodiment 3
Knit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is explained in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention covers any replacement done in the spirit and scope of the present invention being defined by the claims, repaiied
Change, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order that the public has a better understanding to the present invention, below to the thin of the present invention
It is detailed to describe some specific detail sections in section description.Part without these details for a person skilled in the art
Description can also understand the present invention completely.
Embodiment 1
Austenitic stainless steel wires Technology for Heating Processing flow chart as shown in figure 1,
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of austenitic stainless steel wires, its processing step are as follows：
1) raw material inspection：Check whether surface has the defects of broken skin, scratch, burr, the ovality of raw material is detected；
Detect tensile strength, the elongation percentage of raw material；
2) pickling：Enterprise uses sulphuric acid electrolyte pickling, by continually changing electric current, makes steel wire that electrolytic attack occur,
Steel Wire Surface produces gas, so as to remove the impurity for remaining in Steel Wire Surface, such as the epithelium or powdered lubricant on surface；
3) wash：Remnants acid solution and drying are rinsed out in washing section；
4) preheat：The steel wire heating after drying up will be washed to 450 DEG C~500 DEG C, 3~5min is incubated, except that can dry
Beyond steel wire, it can prevent steel wire from hydrogen embrittlement occurs in follow-up processing or use with dehydrogenation；
5) anneal：Steel wire after preheating is sent into 1050 DEG C~1100 DEG C of annealing furnace, Trace speed is 4~8m/
Min, in order to prevent steel wire from aoxidizing and maintaining malleation in boiler tube must lead to incessantly in the port of export of annealing furnace in annealing furnace
Enter decomposed ammonia (3H2+N2) protection gas, light waste gas in annealing furnace arrival end, prevent exhaust emission air；
6) rapid cooling：Steel wire has gone out after annealing furnace, carries out rapid cooling in the duct；
7) epithelium is handled：Required to carry out epithelium processing according to user, pass through drying machine drying after epithelium processor；
8) take-up：Using wire-winding up machine take-up, it is not necessary to which the steel wire of epithelium processing passes through take-up after air cooling section；And
Need the steel wire of progress epithelium processing, take-up after epithelium processing；
9) test package：Finished product is checked, outbound of being packed after passed examination.
Embodiment 2
304 austenitic stainless steels after being hardened according to flow shown in Fig. 2 to drawing are heat-treated.Drawing is hardened first
304 austenitic stainless steel wires rigid lines afterwards are checked, check whether surface has the defects of broken skin, scratch, burr, to raw material
Ovality is detected；Detect tensile strength, the elongation percentage of raw material；Then, using sulphuric acid electrolyte pickling, by continually changing
Electric current, make steel wire that electrolytic attack occur, gas is produced in Steel Wire Surface, so as to remove the impurity for remaining in Steel Wire Surface, such as
The epithelium or powdered lubricant on surface；After pickling, remnants acid solution and drying are rinsed out in washing section；304 after drying up will be washed
Austenitic stainless steel wires are preheating to 450 DEG C, are incubated 3min；Steel wire after preheating is sent into 1050 DEG C of annealing furnace, walks linear speed
Spend for 4m/min, in order to prevent steel wire from aoxidizing and maintaining in boiler tube malleation must going out in annealing furnace incessantly in annealing furnace
Mouth end is passed through decomposed ammonia (3H2+N2) protection gas, light waste gas in annealing furnace arrival end, prevent exhaust emission air；Steel wire
Go out after annealing furnace, carried out rapid cooling in the duct；After steel wire cooling completely, using wire-winding up machine take-up.
In order to verify the implementation result of patent, while contrast test is added, contrast test does not have warm, after pickling
Directly annealed, remaining experimental condition is identical.
Sample mechanical property in the embodiment 2 of table 1
Horizontal metallographic structure is as shown in figure 4, sample tissue matrix after 304 austenitic stainless steel wires and its control group heat treatment
For equiaxial austenite, also a certain amount of deformation twin, cross section average grain size is 24 μm.Do not pass through the pre-heat treatment
Control group steel wire crystal grain it is substantially uneven, cross section average grain size is 27 μm, and second phase particles are more, and tension is strong
Degree difference is smaller, but elongation after fracture is significant lower, it can be seen that the importance preheated before annealing cabling.
Embodiment 3
316L austenitic stainless steel wires after being hardened according to flow shown in Fig. 3 to drawing are heat-treated.First to drawing
316L austenitic stainless steel wires rigid lines after hardening are checked, check whether surface has the defects of broken skin, scratch, burr, right
The ovality of raw material is detected；Detect tensile strength, the elongation percentage of raw material；Then, using sulphuric acid electrolyte pickling, by continuous
The electric current of change, make steel wire that electrolytic attack occur, produce gas in Steel Wire Surface, the miscellaneous of Steel Wire Surface is remained in so as to remove
Matter, such as the epithelium or powdered lubricant on surface；After pickling, remnants acid solution and drying are rinsed out in washing section；Washing is dried up
316L austenitic stainless steel wires afterwards are preheating to 450 DEG C, are incubated 3min；Steel wire after preheating is sent into 1050 DEG C of annealing furnace
In, Trace speed 6m/min, in order to prevent steel wire from aoxidizing and maintaining malleation in boiler tube must exist incessantly in annealing furnace
The port of export of annealing furnace is passed through decomposed ammonia (3H2+N2) protection gas, light waste gas in annealing furnace arrival end, prevent exhaust emission
Air；Steel wire has gone out after annealing furnace, carries out rapid cooling in the duct；After steel wire cooling completely, using wire-winding up machine take-up.
In order to verify the implementation result of patent, while contrast test is added, annealing temperature is reduced to by contrast groups experiment
1000 DEG C, remaining experimental condition is identical.The mechanical property such as table 2 that different annealing temperature processing 316L austenitic stainless steel wires obtain
Sample mechanical property in the embodiment 3 of table 2
Horizontal metallographic structure is as shown in figure 5, austenite phase master after 316L austenitic stainless steel wires and its control group heat treatment
To be in block distribution, while there is also a number of feather organization, cross section average grain size is 27 μm.1000 DEG C of annealing
Steel wire afterwards, crystal grain is thicker, and cross section average grain size is 30 μm, and elongation after fracture is significant lower, so selection
Appropriate annealing cabling temperature is particularly significant.Two kinds of austenitic stainless steel wires after heat treatment, ensureing the premise of intensity of steel wire
Under, steel wire plasticity is substantially increased, is occurred so as to effectively prevent in deep-processing process afterwards because plasticity is deteriorated what is brought
Defect.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of heat treatment method of austenitic stainless steel wires, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
Surface treatment：Austenitic stainless steel wires are carried out with surface treatment and removes the impurity for remaining in Steel Wire Surface；
Preheating：By the steel wire heating after surface treatment to 450 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, 3 ~ 5min is incubated；
Annealing:Steel wire after preheating to be sent into 1050 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C of annealing furnace, Trace speed is 4 ~ 8m/min,
Cooling：Steel wire after annealing carries out air cooling in the duct, and whole pipelines are soaked into pond；The pipeline has good
Thermal conductivity.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in annealing process incessantly from the port of export of the annealing furnace to
Be passed through protection gas in annealing furnace, while the arrival end of the annealing furnace be provided with igniter, the igniter light from
The protection gas discharged in annealing furnace.
3. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include raw material before the surface treatment step and detect；The original
Material detection include detecting whether broken skin, scratch, veining defect, detect raw material ovality, detect raw material tensile strength, prolong
Stretch rate；
Defective raw material is rejected；
According to the ovality of the raw material detected, tensile strength, elongation percentage selective annealing technique.
4. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surface treatment includes pickling and washing successively；
The pickling is using sulphuric acid electrolyte pickling, by continually changing electric current, makes steel wire that electrolytic attack occur, in steel wire table
Face produces gas, so as to remove the impurity for remaining in Steel Wire Surface；
The washing is that remnants acid solution and drying are rinsed out in washing section.
5. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that carry out epithelium processing after the steel wire cooling.
6. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the protection gas is decomposed ammonia, and the decomposed ammonia is H2And N2
Mixed gas, and H2And N2Mol ratio be 3：1；Or
The protection gas is the mixed gas of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and nitrogen.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710557696.1A CN107385189A (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | A kind of heat treatment method of austenitic stainless steel wires |
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| CN201710557696.1A CN107385189A (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | A kind of heat treatment method of austenitic stainless steel wires |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109207852A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-15 | 江阴祥瑞不锈钢精线有限公司 | A kind of high temperature mesh belt stainless steel wire and its manufacturing method |
| CN110306013A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-10-08 | 江苏绿叶锅炉有限公司 | A kind of 300 series austenitic stainless steels solid solution and stabilized heat treatment process |
| CN113814282A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-21 | 江阴法尔胜泓昇不锈钢制品有限公司 | Preparation method of stainless steel wire for netting |
| CN113862432A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-31 | 大连环新精密特钢股份有限公司 | Carbon steel wire air quenching method and device |
| CN114277231A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-04-05 | 铃木加普腾钢丝（苏州）有限公司 | Online dehydrogenation process for oil-quenched steel wire of electric tail gate |
| CN114292996A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-04-08 | 铃木加普腾钢丝（苏州）有限公司 | Process for heat treatment of steel wire oxidation layer |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109207852A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-15 | 江阴祥瑞不锈钢精线有限公司 | A kind of high temperature mesh belt stainless steel wire and its manufacturing method |
| CN110306013A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-10-08 | 江苏绿叶锅炉有限公司 | A kind of 300 series austenitic stainless steels solid solution and stabilized heat treatment process |
| CN113862432A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-31 | 大连环新精密特钢股份有限公司 | Carbon steel wire air quenching method and device |
| CN113814282A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-21 | 江阴法尔胜泓昇不锈钢制品有限公司 | Preparation method of stainless steel wire for netting |
| WO2023035443A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 江阴法尔胜泓昇不锈钢制品有限公司 | Preparation method for stainless steel wire for netting |
| CN114277231A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-04-05 | 铃木加普腾钢丝（苏州）有限公司 | Online dehydrogenation process for oil-quenched steel wire of electric tail gate |
| CN114277231B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-12-05 | 铃木加普腾钢丝（苏州）有限公司 | Online dehydrogenation process for electric tail gate oil quenched steel wire |
| CN114292996A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-04-08 | 铃木加普腾钢丝（苏州）有限公司 | Process for heat treatment of steel wire oxidation layer |
| CN114292996B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-12-08 | 铃木加普腾钢丝（苏州）有限公司 | Process for heat treating steel wire oxide layer |
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Application publication date: 20171124 |