CN107381998A - A kind of riverbed sediment in-situ method of modifying - Google Patents
A kind of riverbed sediment in-situ method of modifying Download PDFInfo
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- CN107381998A CN107381998A CN201710605186.7A CN201710605186A CN107381998A CN 107381998 A CN107381998 A CN 107381998A CN 201710605186 A CN201710605186 A CN 201710605186A CN 107381998 A CN107381998 A CN 107381998A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
Abstract
A kind of riverbed sediment in-situ method of modifying, following steps：Obtain the content of organic matter and heavy metal in riverbed bed mud；Carry out cutting dirty processing to administering region, contaminated area to be repaired is kept apart；Cut the water extraction for administering region after the completion of dirt until exposing the mud of bottom；Configure EM fermented liquids and soil conditioner；EM fermented liquids are added into mud and soil conditioner is sprayed onto muck surface, sprinkling is as far as possible uniform, and fountain height is 500~700g/m2, stand after the completion of sprinkling, mud top layer be stirred after standing；Until form crumb structure；Kind planting submerged plant or very water-based plant；Region water level polishing will be administered, releases the isolation in the region.The harmful substance such as bed mud top layer, the heavy metal that can prevent from containing in mud after this method reparation, which is entered in water body, to be polluted；Original ecological environment is not destroyed；Secondary pollution will not be caused；Administer thoroughly, do not recur substantially.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of environmental management, and in particular to a kind of riverbed sediment in-situ method of modifying.
Background technology
At present there is black and odorous water phenomenon in many cities, and water body cannot be administered effectively, or be reached even if the short time administers
After mark again can have rebound phenomenon, these rebound phenomenons have quite a few reason be from these riverbeds bottom sludge continue to
Caused by water layer distributes poisonous and harmful substance.Therefore want to the thorough of river water remediation, it is necessary to which the bed mud of riverbed bottom is entered
Row is effective to be administered.
One of the three overall situation key elements (water quality, aquatile and bed mud) of bed mud as aquatic ecosystem, carry receiving
Xenobiotic pollutants and the double effects that nutritive salt is discharged into water body, in the material circulation of aquatic ecosystem and energy flow process
In play an important role.Bed mud is made up of substantial amounts of nutriment (nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter etc.), as it is constantly accumulated, no
Can only material impact be produced to the benthon to survive wherein, while its intrinsic nutriment also can be with water sports
Into upper strata water body, make the increase of the nutrient concentrations such as Water, phosphorus, aggravate the Eutrophic Extent and algal bloom of water body
The probability broken out.Meanwhile also containing the harmful substance such as heavy metal in bed mud, if entering in the water body after repairing, may cause into
Pollution once.City river bed mud is repaired at present, mainly channel cleanout, bed mud covering and bed mud original flavor microorganism
Repair this several method.
Channel cleanout refers generally to by plant equipment, and the mud for depositing river bed is shifted or blows and stirs into turbid water shape,
Flowed away with river, so as to play a part of desilting.The purpose of desilting is will to sink to the bottom mud to be cut down, and makes the circulating function in river course
Normally.The technological means of channel cleanout typically has machine excavation (being excavated containing submersible), amphibious equipment to wash, high pressure water flushing etc.
Technique.Cleaning to polluted sludge, Local enrichment mud can effectively cut down COD, ammonia nitrogen and BOD, wave
The pollution sources bodies such as phenol are sent out, while the cross-section of river can be increased, promote water body flow and exchange, promote the self-cleaning ability of water body.Clearly
Deposit technique is the key of dredging effect quality, is concentrated mainly on development lightweight desilting material, coordinates the desilting mode of science, is made clear
Disturbance of the silt process to water body reaches minimum.Although dredging technology achieves more obvious effect to a certain extent, always
Cost is high for body.In addition, it is desirable to take measures to prevent secondary pollution during desilting, the polluted bed mud cleared out is entered
Row safe handling is disposed.Sediment Dredging can together take away benthon, microorganism, break the ecological balance formed for a long time, in
Food chain in the disconnected ecosystem, just occurs new environmental problem.
Bed mud covers, i.e., covering one or more layers coating in polluted bed mud top makes bed mud separate and prevent with overlying water
The release of pollutant in bed mud, it is another polluted bed mud based technique for in-situ remediation by domestic and international extensive concern.Covering system
The environment of polluted bed mud is mainly limited by following three aspects to be influenceed：(1) polluted bed mud is physically divided with benthon
Open；(2) fixed-contamination bed mud, to prevent sediments re-suspension or migration；(3) diffusion of the pollutants in sediments to overlying water is reduced to lead to
Amount.Conventional bed mud covering material includes clean deposition thing, sand and gravel etc..It is potential to environment compared to other recovery technique
Endanger small.Earliest bed mud soverlay technique be 1978 the U.S. carry out, then other it is several country also sequentially with.It is external
Substantial amounts of research has been done to the bed mud covering system being made up of clean deposition thing, sand and gravel, and has carried out many
Successfully application.Clean deposition thing, sand and gravel etc. belong to inert material, bed mud is discharged the crystallized ability of pollutant compared with
Difference, this causes by the effect of covering system (i.e. " bed mud inertia covering system ") the control sediment contamination release of inert material structure
Rate is relatively low.Many experimental results show that covering can effectively prevent that pollutant enters water body and causes secondary pollution in bed mud, to water
Matter improves significantly.The problem of existing is that quantities is big, it is necessary to largely clean silt etc., and source is difficult.Cover simultaneously
Lid can increase the amount of bed mud, water body storage capacity is diminished.
Sediment in-situ is biological prosthetic to be referred in the case where not destroying Sediments natural environment part substantially, to contaminated environment pair
As not carrying or transporting, carried out in former place biological prosthetic.It is divided into engineering reparation in situ and reparation naturally in situ.Engineering in situ
Repair by adding nutrition needed for biological growth to improve bioactivity or that adds laboratory cultures has special affinity
Microorganism accelerates environment remediation；In situ repair naturally is to utilize original microorganism in bed mud environment, is given birth in natural conditions
Thing reparation.Biological prosthetic, promotion bottom mud microbe breeding is carried out to bed mud, bed mud organic matter is rapid to divide under microbial action
Solution, discharges the pernicious gases such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide so that bed mud aerobic layer thickeies, and mud layer is thinned, and accelerates bed mud micronutrient
Release.It is limited in that the periodicity of microorganism growth causes taking effect relatively slowly for technology, and the complexity of environment causes microorganism
It can not often survive, cultivate failure.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The river course dulling in many cities, smelly at present, regulation effect is poor, even if the short time having administers
There can be rebound phenomenon again after qualified.In the case where controlling the precondition in extraneous contamination source, rebound phenomenon is mainly by riverbed bottom
Portion's mud, which continues to distribute poisonous and harmful substance and riverbed bottom soil property to water body, to be combined insecure, is slowly lost in and is entered overlying water
Caused by body, therefore this invention is to provide a kind of new method for river regulation.
Technical scheme：Sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the content of organic matter and heavy metal in riverbed bed mud is obtained；
Step 2, carry out cutting dirty processing to administering region, contaminated area to be repaired is kept apart；Cut it is dirty after the completion of will
The water for administering region is extracted out until exposing the mud of bottom.
Step 3, the data configuration medicament obtained according to step 1, the medicament include EM fermented liquids and soil conditioner；
Step 4, EM fermented liquids are added into mud, addition is 30~50g/m2；
Step 5, soil conditioner is sprayed onto muck surface, sprinkling is as far as possible uniform, and fountain height is 500~700g/m2, spray
Stand after the completion of spilling, mud top layer is stirred after standing；
Time of repose is 40-60min；The scope of stirring is about the 30cm on mud top layer or so, and mixing time is 1-5 points
Clock.
Step 6, kind of planting submerged plant or very water-based plant are started after 24 hours；
Step 7, region water level polishing will be administered, releases the isolation in the region.
Described EM fermented liquids are to be configured by water and brown sugar and EM strains according to weight ratio 20: 1: 0.02~0.1,
Formed through the configuration in 5 days or so of 30~40 degree of sealed fermentings.Described EM strains are bifidocaterium, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, photosynthetic thin
One or more combinations in bacterium, saccharomycete.The purpose for adding EM fermented liquids is quickly to cultivate in improved granule body
Ecological environment.EM fermented liquids are added especially before soil improvement can cause its more uniform granule body that is dispersed in
It is internal.
Further, EM strains of the present invention can also be cyanobacteria and colloid bacillus cereus；Or acidophilus breast bar
Bacterium and bacillus subtilis；Or saccharomycete and bacillus licheniformis.It is preferred that cyanobacteria and colloid bacillus cereus.
Soil conditioner by following weight percentage material composition：Clay 45~60%, plant cellulose 15~
20%, plant lignin 10~20%, agricultural sludge 10~20%.
After improved, mud top layer has unique crumb structure, and this structure is to be bonded in one by some soil simple grains
Act a kind of soil texture for forming aggregate, about 30 centimeters of this crumb structure.Crumb structure body is big between showing as granule
Hole, interior granule is fine pore, and big fine pore exists simultaneously and ratio is appropriate, and total porosity is high, and invalid hole is few.Just because of
This special construction, it has the important feature of the following aspects：
(1) be microorganism and plant growth small fertilizer storehouse.Water holding pore water inside granule is more, gas componant is few, both
The water soluble nutrient for entering granule with water can be preserved, is suitable for the activity of microorganism again.Organic matter decomposition is slow, is advantageous to corruption
The synthesis of matter is grown, so being advantageous to the accumulation of nutrient, plays a part of fertilizer conservation.Gas componant is more in aeration porosity between granule,
It is suitable for the activity of aerobic microbiological, organic matter decomposition is fast, and caused available nutrient is more, and nutrient-supply capacity is good.So fertilizer conservation supplies
The contradiction of fertilizer is coordinated, and the nutrient situation of granule is good.
(2) higher Soil Biodiversity is maintained.Because the big fine pore of the soil of crumb structure is present simultaneously, and ratio
Suitably, aqueous vapor environment is polynary, matter energy supply is polynary, and this is different size build, the animal, micro- of aerobic-anaerobic life habit
Biology provides good living space.This is soil for agricultural production, due to its higher bio-diversity
Physics, chemistry and biological fertility provide important leverage.
(3) there is hydrophobic character.Granule improved native (or mud) has essential characteristic not soluble in water, and this is due to
Particle is produced from the presence of outside membrane structure and ties up phenomenon, and this is the key factor that mud body is not lost in water body.
After soil improvement terminates, in order to accelerate the ecology structure of whole environment, according to actual conditions, suitable water need to be selected
Plant, river course Plant Community in Green Space is improved, improve the self-purification capacity of water ecosystem.Specifically, normal water line is to 100cm
Selected at the depth of water based on emergent aquactic plant；Submerged plant is then planted in the depth of water region within 2 times of water body visibility.More specifically
, the planting requirement of described plant is：Wherein emergent aquactic plant is the one or more in yellow flag, reed, thaliadeabata, is planted
Density is：36~40 plants/m of yellow flag2, 25~30 plants/m of reed2, 25~30 plants/m of thaliadeabata2In one or more；Heavy water
Plant is the one or more in eel grass, black algae, bog pondweed, and planting density is：40~50 plants/m of eel grass2, black 25~36 plants of algae/
m2, 20~30 plants/m of bog pondweed2。
Further, solid-liquid separating agent, and further draining are added in the forward direction mud of implementation steps 4.
The solid-liquid separating agent is the mixture of acrylamide and starch, the mixture of described acrylamide and starch
Mass ratio is 5~8: 1.After adding the decrement that its main purpose is to realize bed mud original flavor, the certain thickness mud volume density in top layer
It will increase, more preferable precondition is created for follow-up soil improvement.
Beneficial effect：Compared with existing conventional repair techniques, the bed mud top layer after the present invention repairs is fine and close bulk
The harmful substance such as structure, the heavy metal that can prevent from containing in mud, which is entered in water body, to be polluted；Do not destroy original
Ecological environment；Secondary pollution will not be caused；Administer thoroughly, do not recur substantially.
Using polluted bed mud in-situ remediation method in riverbed of the present invention, riverbed is repaired, there is advantages below：
1st, mud is thinning after improving, and river water body storage capacity becomes more；
2nd, the features such as mud after improvement is because of its fine and close crumb structure, hydrophobicity so that the weight contained in mud
The pollutants such as metal are mothballed in bottom, will not be entered substantially in the water body of upper strata；
3rd, the pollutant such as organic matter contained in mud, it can progressively be degraded by the mud after improvement itself.
4th, there is a stronger operability, administer that the cycle is also relatively short, effect is more obvious.
Embodiment：
The concrete case implemented below with certain southern river is further described below to the present invention.
Its riverbed sediment in-situ method of modifying comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the content of organic matter and heavy metal in riverbed bed mud is obtained；Organic matter about 3.02% wherein in mud, weight
Metal includes：Cu about 40.3mg/kg, Pd about 45.5mg/kg；The structure of mud is：0.25~0.45ml/g of pore volume, compare surface
200~300m2/ g, 6~10nm of aperture.
Step 2, carry out cutting dirty processing to administering region, contaminated area to be repaired is kept apart；Cut it is dirty after the completion of will
The water for administering region is extracted out until exposing the mud of bottom.Specially：Polluted area to be administered is separated with sand hill, uses water
Pump is extracted the water in region to be administered out until exposing the mud of bottom, and the water of extraction is discharged to close region.
Step 3, the data configuration medicament obtained according to step 1, the medicament include EM fermented liquids and soil conditioner；
Configuration medicament includes：
One, medicament research experiment
Configure to that raw material mud that to examine river pollution similar, contain organic matter about 3~3.5%, Cu about 40 in raw material mud
~41mg/kg, Pd about 45~46mg/kg.
Add (about 40 grams/m of EM fermented liquids2), described is by water and brown sugar and EM strains (cyanobacteria and colloid gemma
Bacillus) configured according to weight than 20: 1: 0.02~0.1, formed through the configuration in 5 days or so of 30~40 DEG C of sealed fermentings.
By soil conditioner, (45~60 parts of clay, 15~20 parts of plant cellulose, 10~20 parts of plant lignin are agricultural
10~20 parts of sludge) it is sprayed onto muck surface (about 600 grams/m of dosage2), sprinkling is completed after standing 40 minutes, is stirred 1 minute.Stir
After mixing completion 30 minutes.The structure of sampling detection mud：0.25~0.45ml/g of pore volume, than 200~300m of surface2/ g, aperture 6
~10nm.
After being disposed, mud composition, organic matter about 2.5%, Cu about 31mg/kg, Pd about 21mg/kg are detected.
Reagent combination two
Raw material mud, reparation step and formula one are essentially identical, and difference is, EM strains are replaced by lactobacillus acidophilus
With bacillus subtilis.
After being disposed, mud composition, organic matter about 2.8%, Cu about 37mg/kg, Pd about 29mg/kg are detected.
Reagent combination three
Raw material mud, reparation step and formula one are essentially identical, and difference is, EM strains are replaced by saccharomycete and ground
Clothing bacillus.
After being disposed, mud composition, organic matter about 2.7%, Cu about 35mg/kg, Pd about 30mg/kg are detected.
Step 4, EM fermented liquids are added into mud, addition is 30~50g/m2；
Step 5, soil conditioner is sprayed onto muck surface, sprinkling is as far as possible uniform, and fountain height is 500~700g/m2, spray
Stand after the completion of spilling, mud top layer is stirred after standing；
Time of repose is 40-60min；The scope of stirring is about the 30cm on mud top layer or so, and mixing time is 1-5 points
Clock.
After improved, mud top layer has unique crumb structure, and this structure is to be bonded in one by some soil simple grains
Act a kind of soil texture for forming aggregate, about 30 centimeters of this crumb structure.Crumb structure body is big between showing as granule
Hole, interior granule is fine pore, and big fine pore exists simultaneously and ratio is appropriate, and total porosity is high, and invalid hole is few.
Step 6, kind of planting submerged plant or very water-based plant are started after 24 hours；Specifically, normal water line is to the 100cm depth of waters
Place is selected based on emergent aquactic plant；Submerged plant is then planted in the depth of water region within 2 times of water body visibility.More specifically, institute
The planting requirement for the plant stated is：Wherein emergent aquactic plant is yellow flag, reed, the one or more in thaliadeabata, planting density
For：36~40 plants/m of yellow flag2, 25~30 plants/m of reed2, 25~30 plants/m of thaliadeabata2In one or more；Submerged plant
For the one or more in eel grass, black algae, bog pondweed, planting density is：40~50 plants/m of eel grass2, black 25~36 plants/m of algae2, eye
Sub- 20~30 plants/m of dish2。
Step 7, region water level polishing will be administered, releases the isolation in the region.
Further, solid-liquid separating agent, and further draining are added in the forward direction mud of implementation steps 4.
The solid-liquid separating agent is the mixture of acrylamide and starch, the mixture of described acrylamide and starch
Mass ratio is 5~8: 1.After adding the decrement that its main purpose is to realize bed mud original flavor, the certain thickness mud volume density in top layer
It will increase, more preferable precondition is created for follow-up soil improvement.
Administer preceding river course situation：Water body is muddy, subregion is smelly；The relatively low about 10~15cm of visibility；Bottom sludge is about
1m is thick and blacks.Water body becomes clear after having administered polishing water level, without peculiar smell；40cm~80cm is arrived in visibility lifting；About 30 is public
The improved soil divided, crumb structure is presented；Mud about 75cm is thick.Mud is 60cm after three months, is presented normal yellowish-brown
Color, and produced without peculiar smell, regulation effect is preferable.
Above-described embodiment is typical case of the invention.It should be appreciated that embodiment described herein only to
The description and interpretation present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any not depart from present inventive concept and fall into claims protection
The improvement or replacement of scope are within the scope of the present invention, are not exposed to the limitation of embodiment and the case.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of riverbed sediment in-situ method of modifying, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the content of organic matter and heavy metal in riverbed bed mud is obtained；
Step 2, carry out cutting dirty processing to administering region, contaminated area to be repaired is kept apart；Cut it is dirty after the completion of will administer
The water in region is extracted out until exposing the mud of bottom；
Step 3, the data configuration medicament obtained according to step 1, the medicament include EM fermented liquids and soil conditioner；
Step 4, EM fermented liquids are added into mud, addition is 30~50g/m2；
Step 5, soil conditioner is sprayed onto muck surface, sprinkling is as far as possible uniform, and fountain height is 500~700g/m2, sprayed
Into rear standing, mud top layer is stirred after standing；
Step 6, kind of planting submerged plant or very water-based plant are started after 24 hours；
Step 7, region water level polishing will be administered, releases the isolation in the region.
2. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described soil conditioner composition
And content is：45~60 parts of clay, 15~20 parts of plant cellulose, 10~20 parts of plant lignin, 10~20 parts of agricultural sludge.
3. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described EM fermented liquids be by
Water and brown sugar and EM strains are configured according to weight ratio 20: 1: 0.02~0.1, are matched somebody with somebody within 5 days or so through 30~40 DEG C of sealed fermentings
Put and form.
4. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described EM strains be bifidocaterium,
One or more combinations in lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete.
5. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described EM strains are cyanobacteria
With the combination of colloid bacillus cereus.
6. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 3, it is characterised in that time of repose is in the step 5
40-60min；The scope of stirring is about the 30cm on mud top layer or so, and mixing time is 1-5 minutes.
7. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the planting requirement of described plant
For：Selected at normal water line to the 100cm depth of waters based on emergent aquactic plant；Submerged plant is then planted within 2 times of water body visibility
In depth of water region.
8. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 7, it is characterised in that wherein emergent aquactic plant be yellow flag,
One or more in reed, thaliadeabata, planting density are：36~40 plants/m of yellow flag2, 25~30 plants/m of reed2, thaliadeabata
25~30 plants/m2In one or more；Submerged plant is eel grass, black algae, the one or more in bog pondweed, planting density
For：40~50 plants/m of eel grass2, black 25~36 plants/m of algae2, 20~30 plants/m of bog pondweed2。
9. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that increase before implementation steps 4 to
Solid-liquid separating agent is added in mud, after standing the step of draining.
10. sediment in-situ method of modifying in riverbed according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the solid-liquid separating agent is propylene
The mixture of acid amides and starch, the mass ratio of the mixture of the acrylamide and starch is 5~8: 1.
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| CN108911461A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 安徽中环环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of mercury object original position abatement disposition ship |
| CN111661915A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-15 | 广州市广绿园林绿化有限公司 | Wetland ecosystem restoration method |
| CN111661915B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-02-22 | 广州市广绿园林绿化有限公司 | Wetland ecosystem restoration method |
| CN113486288A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for determining ecological dredging depth of sediment |
| CN113486288B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2024-02-02 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for determining ecological dredging depth of sediment |
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