CN107378154B - Multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of holes - Google Patents
Multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN107378154B CN107378154B CN201710585213.9A CN201710585213A CN107378154B CN 107378154 B CN107378154 B CN 107378154B CN 201710585213 A CN201710585213 A CN 201710585213A CN 107378154 B CN107378154 B CN 107378154B
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- electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of holes. The electrode is internally provided with a through hole structure for flowing electrolyte, the electrode chuck is provided with an electrolyte inlet, and the bottom of the electrode body is provided with an outlet. The electrode chuck is connected with the main shaft of the bench electrolytic machining machine tool, the electrolyte inlet inside the electrode chuck is connected with the electrolyte circulation system, and the electrolyte flows in from the electrolyte inlet of the electrode chuck and flows out from the inner hole of the flange and the hole inside the body. And a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the electrode flange and the electrode chuck as well as between the electrode flange and the electrode body. The upper half area outside the electrode body is coated with an insulating layer, and the lower half area is provided with a set screw for conducting electricity to the electrode body. The electrode bodies are telescopic and used for processing step holes, counter bores or through holes, the electrode bodies are made of shape memory alloy, and bent holes are processed under the control of the singlechip. The multifunctional telescopic tool electrode can be used for machining step holes, counter bores, through holes and bent holes, and the function that one electrode can be used for machining various holes is realized. The method has the advantages of high machining precision, high efficiency, good quality of machined surfaces, good stability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining, and particularly relates to an SMA metal tool electrode for electrolytic machining of counter bores, stepped holes and bent holes.
Background
The electrolytic machining is a special machining and manufacturing technology which uses electrochemical principle to remove materials in an ionic form, wherein a tool electrode is a cathode connected with a negative electrode of a power supply, a workpiece is an anode connected with a positive electrode of the power supply, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are controlled in a certain gap, the anode is continuously dissolved in electrolyte, the tool cathode is continuously fed to the workpiece anode, an electrolytic product is continuously washed away by flowing electrolyte, and finally, the part is duplicated, machined and formed.
Along with the continuous development of industrialization to the direction of precision and microminiaturization, the requirements on products are increasingly miniaturized and miniaturized in various fields such as aerospace, weapon manufacturing, medical instruments, micro robots and the like. The traditional processing technology is difficult to meet the requirements, the electrolytic processing technology is characterized in that the surface of a workpiece is removed in an ionic form, the electrode is not in direct contact with the workpiece, the cutting force is not generated, the residual stress, the thermal deformation and the like are not generated on the surface of the workpiece, the technology is widely focused by research institutions of various countries, and meanwhile, the electrolytic processing technology is one of key technologies in modern industrial production.
In the field of electrolytic machining, curved holes, counter bores and stepped holes are widely applied to the field of mechanical manufacturing of automobiles, airplanes, military weapons and the like. For example, the fuel oil path and the lubricating oil path structure of the interior of the aero-engine case, etc. Traditional external connection oil circuit is connected through the return bend, and the return bend plays the effect of circular arc transition, however the oil circuit in the machining is restricted by the structure, adopts right angle or obtuse angle to connect, can't adopt the return bend circular arc transition, and this causes the pressure loss of oil circuit relatively great. Therefore, the bending hole processing is particularly important, the bending hole processing mode can effectively reduce the pressure loss of an oil way, improve the performance of a hydraulic oil way of an aeroengine, simplify the internal structure of a hydraulic valve body and the internal oil way, and avoid mutual leakage between the oil ways due to material defects during casting. The traditional bending hole mode is to replace a bending hole structure by a segmented straight hole, which causes the defects of pressure loss, poor fluency and the like, and in the special processing mode, the flexible electrode tip electrolytic processing and the SMA electric spark processing have respective defects, such as low processing precision, poor stability and the like.
In weapon systems, particularly high firing rate continuous-firing antiaircraft gun systems, the machining of deep small holes of the inner step is of vital importance. The inner hole size of the inner step deep small hole is small, the depth is deep, the length-diameter ratio is large, and great difficulty is brought to processing and manufacturing. The traditional step hole machining method is to drill a through hole with a small drill point and then drill a half through hole with a large drill point, and the traditional machining mode has the defects of low efficiency, difficult guarantee of the size, high machining cost and the like. The counter bore generally plays a fixed role, and the traditional counter bore processing mode is to mount a cutter on a machine tool for processing, so that cutting force exists, the cutter is broken due to the fact that the cutting force is asymmetric, when the processing size is in the mm or mu m level, mechanical resistance and vibration are difficult to overcome, and error is large or processing fails. The step hole, the bent hole, the counter bore and the like are processed by electrolytic machining, so that the problems can be effectively solved.
In the prior art, a tool electrode is designed aiming at a certain specific hole, and the machined hole is single and has certain limitation; the invention can process both the bending hole and the step hole, realizes a very multipurpose function, expands the application range, improves the processing efficiency, and saves time and labor.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention discloses a multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of holes.
The multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for the electrolytic machining hole consists of an electrode chuck, an electrode mounting flange and an electrode body.
The electrode is internally provided with a through hole structure for flowing electrolyte, the electrode chuck is provided with an electrolyte inlet, and the bottom of the electrode body is provided with an outlet.
The electrode chuck is connected with the main shaft of the bench electrolytic machining machine tool, the electrolyte inlet inside the electrode chuck is connected with the electrolyte circulation system, and the electrolyte flows in from the electrolyte inlet of the electrode chuck and flows out from the inner hole of the flange and the hole inside the body.
And a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the electrode flange and the electrode chuck as well as between the electrode flange and the electrode body.
The upper half area outside the electrode body is coated with an insulating layer, and the lower half area is provided with a set screw for conducting electricity to the electrode body.
The tool electrode material adopts shape memory alloy, the electrode bodies can stretch and retract, and fixed ends connected with the singlechip and the electrolyte circulation system are respectively arranged on the electrode bodies and the electrode flanges.
The invention is characterized in that the limitation of the traditional tool electrode is overcome, and the bending hole, the step hole and the counter bore can be processed. Controlling the shape of a tool electrode according to the type of the machining hole, wherein the telescopic function of the tool electrode is used for machining a step hole and a counter bore; the selected material is shape memory alloy, and the curved hole is processed by temperature control. The multifunctional tool has the advantages of realizing a very multipurpose function, expanding the application range and improving the processing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a tool electrode according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrode structure A-A of the tool of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a machining system in which the tool electrode of the present invention is mounted on an electrolytic machining device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of training and machining of an SMA metal tool electrode for electrolytic machining of curved deep pinholes in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1-flange, 2-electrolyte inlet, 3-threaded through hole, 4-gasket, 5-tool electrode body 1, 6-tool electrode body 2, 7-tool electrode body 3, 8-electrolyte through hole, 9-Z axis stepper motor, 10-machine column, 11-guide rail, 12-temperature control device, 13-XY table, 14-marble base, 15-machine spindle, 16-controller, 17-tool electrode
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of the hole mainly comprises an electrode chuck, an electrode mounting flange and an electrode body. The electrode is internally provided with a through hole structure for flowing electrolyte, the electrode chuck is provided with an electrolyte inlet, and the bottom of the electrode body is provided with an outlet. The electrode chuck is connected with the main shaft of the bench electrolytic machining machine tool, the electrolyte inlet inside the electrode chuck is connected with the electrolyte circulation system, and the electrolyte flows in from the electrolyte inlet of the electrode chuck and flows out from the inner hole of the flange and the hole inside the body. And a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the electrode flange and the electrode chuck as well as between the electrode flange and the electrode body. The upper half area outside the electrode body is coated with an insulating layer, and the lower half area is provided with a set screw for conducting electricity to the electrode body. The step hole or counter bore is determined by controlling the expansion and contraction of the tool electrode, and fixed ends connected with the controller and the electrolyte circulation system are respectively arranged on the electrode body and the electrode flange.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a machining system in which the tool electrode of the present invention is mounted on an electrolytic machining device. The machine tool column 10, the guide rail 11 and the marble base 14 in the whole electrolytic machining machine tool form a machining machine tool body. The tool electrode 17 is arranged on a main shaft of the machine tool, and the Z-axis stepping motor 9, the XY workbench 13, the controller 16, the main shaft 15 of the machine tool and the temperature control device 12 form a control system of the machine tool, so that the movement requirements of the machine tool, such as movement feeding, temperature control, tool electrode expansion control and the like, during processing are met.
Fig. 4 is a training and processing schematic diagram of an SMA metal tool electrode for electrolytic machining of a curved deep aperture, wherein a computer performs electrolytic machining control of the curved deep aperture by controlling the temperature of the tool electrode according to the feeding speed and time of the tool electrode, the material of the tool electrode is SMA shape memory metal, the tool electrode can be trained in advance according to the shape of the curved aperture to be machined, and a tool electrode deformation control device (temperature control device) 12 is fixed on a workbench and adjusts the temperature by a controller 16.
Claims (1)
1. A multi-functional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of holes, characterized in that:
the multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for the electrolytic machining hole consists of an electrode chuck, an electrode mounting flange and an electrode body;
the electrode is internally provided with a through hole structure for flowing electrolyte, the electrode chuck is provided with an electrolyte inlet, and the bottom of the electrode body is provided with an outlet;
the electrode chuck is connected with the main shaft of the bench electrolytic machining machine tool, the electrolyte inlet inside the electrode chuck is connected with the electrolyte circulation system, and the electrolyte flows in from the electrolyte inlet of the electrode chuck and flows out from the inner hole of the flange and the hole inside the body;
a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the electrode flange and the electrode chuck as well as between the electrode flange and the electrode body;
the surface of the upper half area outside the electrode body is coated with an insulating layer, and the lower half area is provided with a set screw for conducting electricity to the electrode body;
the computer controls the electrolytic machining of the bending deep small hole through the temperature control of the tool electrode according to the feeding speed and time of the tool electrode;
the tool electrode material adopts shape memory alloy, the electrode bodies can stretch out and draw back, the step holes or counter bores are determined by controlling the stretch out and draw back of the tool electrode, and the electrode bodies and the electrode mounting flange are respectively provided with fixed ends connected with a controller and an electrolyte circulation system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710585213.9A CN107378154B (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | Multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of holes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710585213.9A CN107378154B (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | Multifunctional telescopic tool electrode for electrolytic machining of holes |
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| CN107378154A CN107378154A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| CN107378154B true CN107378154B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109226914B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-04-28 | 常州工学院 | Cathode for free-form surface cavity electrolytic machining |
| CN112548246B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-12-28 | 湖北中油科昊机械制造有限公司 | Electrolytic machining device and process for inner hole of elbow |
| CN112453603A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 合肥工业大学 | Sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns |
| CN114160894A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Autonomous controllable deformation electromachining method for shape memory alloy flexible electrode |
| CN114700566B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-19 | 成都宝利根创科电子有限公司 | Working method for machining integral ox horn gate insert and pre-penetrating tool electrode thereof |
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| WO2006107382A2 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-12 | Minebea Co., Ltd. | Electrode tool and method of manufacturing same |
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