CN112453603A - Sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns - Google Patents
Sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns Download PDFInfo
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- CN112453603A CN112453603A CN202011359439.5A CN202011359439A CN112453603A CN 112453603 A CN112453603 A CN 112453603A CN 202011359439 A CN202011359439 A CN 202011359439A CN 112453603 A CN112453603 A CN 112453603A
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- electrode
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- guide pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns, which comprises a liquid guide pipe with an electrolyte channel arranged inside, wherein one end of the liquid guide pipe is a fixed end, the other end of the liquid guide pipe is a machining end, a plurality of electrode sleeves are sequentially sleeved outside the machining end of the liquid guide pipe from inside to outside, the electrode sleeves are detachably sleeved outside the liquid guide pipe, the electrode sleeves and the liquid guide pipe are locked together through a locking mechanism to form an electrochemical machining electrode, machining profiles of the electrochemical machining electrode are formed by the machining end faces of the electrode sleeves, the electrode sleeves can move back and forth along the axial lead direction of the liquid guide pipe, and the positions of the electrode sleeves in the axial lead direction of the liquid guide pipe are adjusted to form various machining profiles in different shapes. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the electrolytic machining of various special-shaped curved surface holes can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining equipment, in particular to a sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns.
Background
The electrolytic machining is a kind of machining process which utilizes the anode dissolving principle in electrochemical reaction to remove material, and belongs to the special machining category, the workpiece to be machined is used as anode and connected with the positive pole of power supply, the tool electrode is used as cathode and connected with the negative pole of power supply, a certain gap is left between the workpiece and the tool, the electrolyte is introduced in the middle, the tool electrode moves to the anode at a certain feeding speed, and the workpiece is continuously copied and formed under the anode dissolving principle.
With the continuous development of industrialization towards the direction of precision and miniaturization, the requirements on products are increasingly miniaturized and miniaturized in a plurality of fields such as aerospace, weapon manufacturing, medical appliances, micro robots and the like. The traditional processing technology is difficult to meet the requirements, the electrochemical machining technology has the characteristics that the surface of a workpiece is removed in an ion form, an electrode is not directly contacted with the workpiece, cutting force cannot be generated, residual stress, thermal deformation and the like cannot be generated on the surface of the workpiece, the technology attracts wide attention of research institutions of various countries, and meanwhile the electrochemical machining technology also becomes one of key technologies in modern industrial production.
The mobile phone partition board face is thin, the surface is small and large, holes with different shapes are formed, excessive residual stress can be generated by machining the holes through machining modes such as traditional milling, partition board deformation is caused, machining precision is influenced, a large number of burrs can be generated through traditional machining, if the burrs are not processed, great obstruction can be brought to subsequent assembly and other work, the precision of the mobile phone partition board can be further influenced, manual deburring processing must be performed after machining is completed, and production efficiency of the mobile phone partition board is greatly reduced.
Most of the existing electrochemical machining electrodes can only machine a single hole type, the machining limitation is large, the defects of the existing electrochemical machining electrodes are exposed to the fact that workpieces with more holes different in size and shape need to be machined, and if a special tool electrode is used for each hole type, great troubles are brought to machining.
For complex hole patterns such as curved hole, the traditional machining mode is mostly adopted at present, the problems of residual stress, thermal deformation and the like still exist, and for the machining of the complex curved hole, no universal electrochemical machining electrode is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns so as to realize electrochemical machining of various special-shaped curved-surface holes.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a can process sleeve form electrolytic machining electrode of various complicated pass, establishes the catheter of electrolyte passageway in including, catheter one end is the stiff end, and the other end is the processing end, the processing end of catheter is equipped with a plurality of electrode sleeves from inside to outside in proper order the cover, and a plurality of electrode sleeve detachable suit are outside the catheter to form the electrolytic machining electrode through locking mechanism with a plurality of electrode sleeves and catheter locking together, form the processing profile of electrolytic machining electrode by a plurality of telescopic processing terminal surfaces of electrode, each electrode sleeve homoenergetic is along the axial lead direction round trip movement of catheter, through the position of adjusting each electrode sleeve in the axial lead direction of catheter, thereby form the processing profile of various different shapes.
Furthermore, locking mechanism includes a stud, two nuts, first kidney slot has all been opened to the both sides of catheter, and each electrode sleeve both sides have all opened the second kidney slot, and the length direction in first kidney slot and second kidney slot all extends along the axial lead direction of catheter, passes the second kidney slot of each electrode sleeve and the first kidney slot of catheter through stud to make stud's both ends stretch out respectively and lie in two second kidney slots on outermost electrode sleeve outside and screw two nuts, realize the locking of whole electrochemical machining electrode.
Furthermore, an electrolyte inlet is formed in one side, close to the fixed end, of the liquid guide pipe, and the electrolyte inlet is communicated with the electrolyte channel.
Furthermore, a fixing cap is arranged at the fixed end of the catheter, and the outer side wall of the fixing cap protrudes out of the outer side wall of the catheter.
Further, the cross section shapes of the catheter and each electrode sleeve are the same and are any one of circular, oval and polygonal.
Furthermore, the electrolytic machining electrode is arranged in an electrolytic machining system, the electrolytic machining system comprises a clamping device, a transmission device and a power device, the clamping device comprises a machining electrode clamping device and a workpiece clamping device which are vertically distributed, the fixed end of the electrolytic machining electrode is clamped by the machining electrode clamping device, and the workpiece is clamped by the workpiece clamping device; the transmission device comprises an X-axis transmission assembly, a Y-axis transmission assembly and a Z-axis transmission assembly, the X-axis transmission assembly and the Y-axis transmission assembly respectively drive the workpiece clamping device to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis transmission assembly drives the machining electrode clamping device to move along the Z-axis direction; the power device comprises a negative power supply clamp and a positive power supply clamp, wherein the negative power supply clamp is in contact with the electrochemical machining electrode, the positive power supply clamp is in contact with a workpiece, and the positive power supply clamp and the negative power supply clamp are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external power supply.
Further, processing electrode clamping device includes the electrode mount table and installs the negative pole anchor clamps on the electrode mount table, and the negative pole anchor clamps include clamp and clamping screw, move along the Z axle direction through Z axle drive assembly drive electrode mount table, and the clamp is fixed on the electrode mount table, presss from both sides the stiff end of tight electrolytic machining electrode through the clamp to locking the clamp through clamping screw.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns, which comprises a liquid guide pipe and a plurality of electrode sleeves sleeved outside the liquid guide pipe in sequence, wherein the plurality of electrode sleeves and the liquid guide pipe are locked together by a locking mechanism to form the electrochemical machining electrode, and machining profiles in various shapes can be formed by adjusting the positions of the electrode sleeves in the axial lead direction of the liquid guide pipe, so that the electrochemical machining electrode is suitable for electrochemical machining of various complex hole patterns, and is also suitable for machining bosses in various complex shapes, a very multi-purpose function is realized, the limitation of single machining of the traditional electrochemical machining electrode is avoided, the application range of the electrochemical machining electrode is greatly expanded, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved by adopting electrochemical machining compared with the traditional machining mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a square electrode according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a circular electrode according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a catheter according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an electrochemical machining system according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the cathode holder of fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a workpiece for machining a circular taper hole by the electrochemical machining electrode of the present embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a workpiece for machining a circular taper hole by using the electrochemical machining electrode of the present embodiment.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1 a catheter; 2, fixing a cap; 3 an electrolyte inlet; 4 an electrode sleeve; 5 electrolytic machining of the electrode; 6, a double-end stud; 7, a nut; 8 a first kidney slot; 9 a second kidney slot; a 10X-axis guide rail pair; 11Y-axis guide rail pairs; 12Z-axis guide rail pairs; 13 an electrode mounting table; 14, clamping a hoop; 15 fixing the screw rod; 16 working tables; 17, mounting a plate; 18 a clamping plate; 19 a push rod; 20 accommodating grooves; 21 a workpiece; the screw is locked 22.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment discloses a sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex holes, which includes a liquid guide tube 1 with an electrolyte passage therein, one end of the liquid guide tube 1 is a fixed end, the other end of the liquid guide tube 1 is a machining end, the fixed end of the liquid guide tube 1 is provided with a fixing cap 2, and the outer side wall of the fixing cap 2 protrudes out of the outer side wall of the liquid guide tube 1. The liquid guide tube 1 is provided with an electrolyte inlet 3 at one side close to the fixed end, and the electrolyte inlet 3 is communicated with the electrolyte channel. The processing end of the catheter 1 is sleeved with a plurality of electrode sleeves 4 from inside to outside in sequence, the electrode sleeves 4 are detachably sleeved outside the catheter 1, the cross sections of the catheter 1 and the electrode sleeves 4 are the same in shape, and any one of circular, oval, polygonal and other complex geometric figures can be adopted. The plurality of electrode sleeves 4 and the liquid guide pipe 1 are locked together through the locking mechanism to form an electrochemical machining electrode 5, machining end faces of the plurality of electrode sleeves 4 form machining molded surfaces of the electrochemical machining electrode 5, each electrode sleeve 4 can move back and forth along the axial lead direction of the liquid guide pipe 1, and the positions of the electrode sleeves 4 in the axial lead direction of the liquid guide pipe 1 are adjusted to form machining molded surfaces in various shapes. In the embodiment, the wall thickness of each electrode sleeve 4 is the same, and the adjacent electrode sleeves 4 can move freely in the axial direction. The electrode sleeve 4 positioned on the outer layer moves upwards, and the electrode sleeve 4 positioned on the inner layer moves downwards, so that holes with various complex shapes can be machined, such as straight cylindrical holes, stepped holes, curved holes, tapered holes and the like. The electrode sleeve 4 positioned on the outer layer moves downwards, and the electrode sleeve 4 positioned on the inner layer moves upwards, so that bosses with various complex shapes can be processed, namely straight bosses, stepped bosses, curved-surface bosses, conical bosses and the like can be processed.
The locking mechanism comprises a double-end stud 6 and two nuts 7, wherein first kidney-shaped grooves 8 are formed in two sides of the liquid guide pipe 1, second kidney-shaped grooves 9 are formed in two sides of each electrode sleeve 4, the length directions of the first kidney-shaped grooves 8 and the second kidney-shaped grooves 9 extend along the axial lead direction of the liquid guide pipe 1, the double-end stud 6 penetrates through the second kidney-shaped grooves 9 of the electrode sleeves 4 and the first kidney-shaped grooves 8 of the liquid guide pipe 1, two ends of the double-end stud 6 respectively extend out of the two second kidney-shaped grooves 9 on the outermost electrode sleeve 4 and the two nuts 7 are screwed, and locking of the whole electrochemical machining electrode 5 is achieved.
The electrolytic machining electrode 5 is arranged in an electrolytic machining system, the electrolytic machining system comprises a clamping device, a transmission device and a power device, the clamping device comprises a machining electrode clamping device and a workpiece 21 clamping device which are vertically distributed, the fixed end of the electrolytic machining electrode 5 is clamped by the machining electrode clamping device, and the workpiece 21 is clamped by the workpiece 21 clamping device; the transmission device comprises an X-axis transmission assembly, a Y-axis transmission assembly and a Z-axis transmission assembly, the X-axis transmission assembly and the Y-axis transmission assembly respectively drive the workpiece 21 clamping device to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis transmission assembly drives the machining electrode clamping device to move along the Z-axis direction; the X-axis transmission assembly, the Y-axis transmission assembly and the Z-axis transmission assembly are all composed of guide rail pairs and driving cylinders for driving guide rail sliders in the guide rail pairs to move linearly, and the guide rail pairs corresponding to the X-axis transmission assembly, the Y-axis transmission assembly and the Z-axis transmission assembly are respectively an X-axis guide rail pair 10, a Y-axis guide rail pair 11 and a Z-axis guide rail pair 12. The power device comprises a negative power supply clamp and a positive power supply clamp, wherein the negative power supply clamp is in contact with the electrochemical machining electrode 5, the positive power supply clamp is in contact with the workpiece 21, and the positive power supply clamp and the negative power supply clamp are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external power supply through wires.
Wherein, processing electrode clamping device includes electrode mount table 13 and installs the negative pole anchor clamps on electrode mount table 13, and the negative pole anchor clamps include clamp 14 and clamping screw 15, through Z axle drive assembly drive electrode mount table 13 along Z axle direction removal, and clamp 14 is fixed on electrode mount table 13, presss from both sides the stiff end of electrochemical machining electrode 5 through clamp 14 to locking clamp 14 through clamping screw 15.
The workpiece 21 clamping device comprises a workbench 16 and an anode clamp arranged on the workbench 16, the workbench 16 is driven to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction respectively through an X-axis transmission assembly and a Y-axis transmission assembly, the anode clamp comprises four clamping assemblies, four mounting plates 17 extending upwards are arranged on the periphery of the workbench 16, the four clamping assemblies are arranged on the four mounting plates 17 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each mounting plate 17 is provided with a mounting hole, each clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate 18 and a push rod 19 fixedly arranged on the outer side of the clamping plate 18, the four clamping plates 18 enclose a containing groove 20 for containing a workpiece 21, the push rod 19 is arranged in the mounting hole of the corresponding mounting plate 17 in a sliding manner, the push rod 19 can move back and forth in the mounting hole to drive the clamping plates 18 to move synchronously, and is screwed downwards from the top of the mounting plate 17 through a locking screw 22 and is tightly pressed, the locking and positioning of the position of the push rod 19 are realized.
The electrochemical machining electrode 5 in this embodiment is applied to an electrochemical machining system in the following process:
step one, installing the processed workpiece 21
A workpiece 21 to be processed is placed in a containing groove 20 on a workbench 16, four clamping assemblies located on the periphery of the workbench 16 are adjusted to enable four clamping plates 18 to be tightly attached to the peripheral side walls of the workpiece 21, and the four clamping plates 18 are positioned by tightening locking screws 22, so that the workpiece 21 to be processed is fixed on the workbench 16, and a positive power supply clamp is clamped at the outer end of a push rod 19 of one clamping assembly.
Step two, mounting an electrochemical machining electrode 5
Moving each electrode sleeve 4 of the electrochemical machining electrode 5 along the axial direction according to the requirement of the machining hole pattern so as to form a machining profile with required shape and size, and locking the plurality of electrode sleeves 4 and the liquid guide pipe 1 together through a locking mechanism to form the electrochemical machining electrode 5; then the fixed end of the electrochemical machining electrode 5 is clamped in the clamping hoop 14, the fixing cap 2 is positioned on the clamping hoop 14, the clamping hoop 14 is locked through the fixing screw rod 15, and then the negative power supply is clamped on the fixing cap 2.
Step three, adjusting the processing position of the workpiece 21
The worktable 16 is driven by the X-axis transmission assembly and the Y-axis transmission assembly to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction respectively, so that the workpiece 21 is positioned at a position to be machined to wait for the next formal machining.
Step four, starting electrolytic machining
The electrode mounting table 13 is driven to move along the Z-axis direction through the Z-axis transmission assembly, so that the gap between the electrochemical machining electrode 5 and the workpiece 21 is kept within a set numerical range, the positive power clamp and the negative power clamp are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the external power supply through electric wires, electrolyte is introduced into the electrolyte inlet 3 of the liquid guide pipe 1, the electrochemical machining electrode 5 is controlled to feed downwards, the feeding is stopped when the hole depth required by the hole pattern is reached, the introduction of the electrolyte is stopped, the electrochemical machining electrode 5 moves upwards, and the hole pattern machining is completed.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a can process sleeve form electrochemical machining electrode of various complicated pass, includes and establishes catheter (1) of electrolyte passageway, its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a device for electrolytic machining of a catheter, including catheter (1), liquid guide tube (1), electrode sleeve (4), locking mechanism, electrode sleeve (4), the processing end of liquid guide tube (1) is the stiff end, the other end is the processing end, the processing end of liquid guide tube (1) is equipped with a plurality of electrode sleeve (4) from inside to outside in proper order, a plurality of electrode sleeve (4) detachable suit is outside liquid guide tube (1), and form electrolytic machining electrode (5) through locking mechanism with a plurality of electrode sleeve (4) and liquid guide tube (1) locking together, form the processing profile of electrolytic machining electrode (5) by the processing terminal surface of a plurality of electrode sleeve (4), each electrode sleeve (4) homoenergetic is along the axial lead direction round trip movement of liquid guide tube (1), through the position of adjusting each electrode sleeve (4) in.
2. A sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complicated hole patterns according to claim 1, wherein: the locking mechanism comprises a double-end stud (6) and two nuts (7), wherein first kidney-shaped grooves (8) are formed in two sides of the liquid guide pipe (1), second kidney-shaped grooves (9) are formed in two sides of each electrode sleeve (4), the length directions of the first kidney-shaped grooves (8) and the second kidney-shaped grooves (9) extend along the axial lead direction of the liquid guide pipe (1), the second kidney-shaped grooves (9) of each electrode sleeve (4) and the first kidney-shaped grooves (8) of the liquid guide pipe (1) are penetrated through the double-end stud (6), two ends of the double-end stud (6) respectively extend out of the two second kidney-shaped grooves (9) on the outermost electrode sleeve (4) and are screwed with the two nuts (7), and locking of the whole electrochemical machining electrode (5) is achieved.
3. A sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complicated hole patterns according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid guide pipe (1) is provided with an electrolyte inlet (3) at one side close to the fixed end, and the electrolyte inlet (3) is communicated with the electrolyte channel.
4. A sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complicated hole patterns according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing end of the catheter (1) is provided with a fixing cap (2), and the outer side wall of the fixing cap (2) protrudes out of the outer side wall of the catheter (1).
5. A sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complicated hole patterns according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section shapes of the catheter (1) and each electrode sleeve (4) are the same and are any one of circular, oval and polygonal.
6. A sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complicated hole patterns according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolytic machining electrode (5) is arranged in an electrolytic machining system, the electrolytic machining system comprises a clamping device, a transmission device and a power device, the clamping device comprises a machining electrode clamping device and a workpiece (21) clamping device which are vertically distributed, the fixed end of the electrolytic machining electrode (5) is clamped through the machining electrode clamping device, and the workpiece (21) is clamped through the workpiece (21) clamping device; the transmission device comprises an X-axis transmission assembly, a Y-axis transmission assembly and a Z-axis transmission assembly, the X-axis transmission assembly and the Y-axis transmission assembly respectively drive the workpiece (21) clamping device to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis transmission assembly drives the machining electrode clamping device to move along the Z-axis direction; the power device comprises a negative power supply clamp and a positive power supply clamp, wherein the negative power supply clamp is in contact with the electrochemical machining electrode (5), the positive power supply clamp is in contact with a workpiece (21), and the positive power supply clamp and the negative power supply clamp are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the external power supply.
7. The sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complicated hole types as claimed in claim 6, wherein: machining electrode clamping device includes electrode mount table (13) and installs the negative pole anchor clamps on electrode mount table (13), and the negative pole anchor clamps include clamp (14) and clamping screw (15), move along Z axle direction through Z axle drive assembly drive electrode mount table (13), and clamp (14) are fixed on electrode mount table (13), press from both sides the stiff end of tight electrolytic machining electrode (5) through clamp (14) to clamp (14) locking through clamping screw (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011359439.5A CN112453603A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011359439.5A CN112453603A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns |
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| CN112453603A true CN112453603A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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| CN202011359439.5A Pending CN112453603A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Sleeve-shaped electrochemical machining electrode capable of machining various complex hole patterns |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113634835A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-12 | 江苏江航智飞机发动机部件研究院有限公司 | Electric spark modeling method for shrouded impeller |
| CN114905232A (en) * | 2022-05-14 | 2022-08-16 | 江苏江航智飞机发动机部件研究院有限公司 | Precise electrolytic machining process of titanium alloy connecting piece |
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| CN114905232A (en) * | 2022-05-14 | 2022-08-16 | 江苏江航智飞机发动机部件研究院有限公司 | Precise electrolytic machining process of titanium alloy connecting piece |
| CN114905232B (en) * | 2022-05-14 | 2024-04-23 | 江苏江航智飞机发动机部件研究院有限公司 | Precise electrolytic machining process for titanium alloy connecting piece |
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