CN107377653A - The flat prod cast of extruding metal - Google Patents
The flat prod cast of extruding metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107377653A CN107377653A CN201710863009.9A CN201710863009A CN107377653A CN 107377653 A CN107377653 A CN 107377653A CN 201710863009 A CN201710863009 A CN 201710863009A CN 107377653 A CN107377653 A CN 107377653A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nib
- prod cast
- flat
- die orifice
- extruding metal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of flat prod cast of extruding metal, the flat prod cast of extruding metal includes：The nib and die orifice being connected up and down successively；The nib has upper port and lower port, and the upper port of the nib is the entrance of nib, and the lower port of the nib is the outlet of nib, and the lower port of the nib connects the entrance of the die orifice；A diameter of R of the upper port of the nib, the sectional area of the lower port of the nib is S2, the diameter of the upper port of the nib is more than the diameter of the lower port of the nib, and the height of the nib is H, and the taper of the nib is a；The sectional area of the porch of the die orifice is S1；The lower port of the nib and the entrance of the die orifice are in the same plane；The radius R of the upper port of the nib is equal to the internal diameter of recipient, S2More than S1, S2With S1Between for the ring-shaped platform region at die orifice.Power needed for can the reducing during extrusion process of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to profile extrusion manufacture field, and in particular to a kind of mould for extruding metal, i.e., a kind of extruding metal
Flat prod cast.
Background technology
Metal is carried out in the state of three-dimensional compressive stress in extrusion process, can fully play the plasticity of metal
Can, and the degree of grain refinement of metal can be improved well, deformation is more uniform so that fiber is more stepped up by loosely becoming
It is close, therefore the performance of metal is improved well.But the power needed for extrusion process is also bigger, in order to reduce extruding force, it is necessary to
The structure of mould is adjusted.
Current extrusion die can be totally divided into flat-die, prod cast, wherein flat prod cast three major types, the extruding needed for flat-die by structure
Power is maximum, and the extruding force needed for prod cast peace prod cast is more a little bit smaller；But during produce reality, even if being bored using prod cast peace
Mould, as shown in figure 1, the extruding force needed for it is still very big, beyond the limit of power of equipment.
In summary, problems with the prior art be present：Extruding force needed for existing prod cast and flat prod cast compared with
Greatly, beyond the limit of power of equipment, it is unfavorable for the miniaturization of extrusion equipment.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of flat prod cast of extruding metal, under conditions of the extrusion ratio of crimp is met, to provide conjunction
Suitable extruding force, reduce extrusion process during needed for extruding force.
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of flat prod cast of extruding metal, the flat prod cast of extruding metal includes：
The nib and die orifice being connected up and down successively；The axis of the nib and the axis of die orifice overlap；
The nib is taper type cavity, and the die orifice is column type cavity or ladder column type cavity；
The nib has a upper port and lower port, and the upper port of the nib is the entrance of nib, under the nib
Port is the outlet of nib, and the lower port of the nib connects the entrance of the die orifice；
A diameter of R of the upper port of the nib, the sectional area of the lower port of the nib is S2, the upper end of the nib
The diameter of mouth is more than the diameter of the lower port of the nib, and the height of the nib is H, and the taper of the nib is a；
The sectional area of the porch of the die orifice is S1；The entrance of the lower port of the nib and the die orifice is located at same
In plane；
The diameter R of the upper port of the nib is equal to the internal diameter of recipient, S2More than S1, S2With S1Between at die orifice
Ring-shaped platform region.
Further, the taper a of nib value is 25 ° to 30 °.
Further, it is characterised in that the flat prod cast of extruding metal determines parameter according to equation below：
Wherein, a unit is degree, and C is proportionality coefficient, and H, R and r unit are millimeter, and r represents the outer of the entrance of die orifice
Radius of circle is connect, R represents the upper port diameter of nib or the diameter of blank.
Further, C value is 3 to 5.
Further, a is further 30 °, and H further arrives 50mm for 30.
Further, C value is further 3.3 to 5.
Further, the extrusion ratio of the flat prod cast of the extruding metal is more than 12.
Further, R 80mm, S2For 784.27mm2, S1For 132.73mm2, r 6.5mm, a are 30 °, H 48mm.
The flat prod cast of extruding metal of the present invention is optimized in structure, can reduce dead band thickness, reduces extruding work
Power needed for during skill.The present invention is applicable not only to extrude pole section bar, is still applicable for the section bar of other solid constructions.
Present invention may apply to copper, copper alloy, aluminium or aluminium alloy and the metal of other suitable crimps.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of existing flat prod cast；
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of the flat prod cast of extruding metal of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the overlooking the structure diagram of the flat prod cast of extruding metal of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 A-A cross section structure diagrams；
Fig. 5 is the extruding force comparison diagram of existing flat prod cast and the flat prod cast of extruding metal of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the extruding force of the flat prod cast of extruding metal of the present invention with taper a changing trend diagram；
Fig. 7 is taper a when being maintained at 30 °, the extruding force of the flat prod cast of extruding metal of the invention with the height H of nib change
Change tendency chart；
Fig. 8 is blank dead band schematic diagram in the flat prod cast extrusion process of extruding metal of the invention；
The flat prod cast of extruding metal that Fig. 9 is the present invention extrudes dead band size e and the relation of C values.
Drawing reference numeral explanation：
1st, nib；2nd, ring-shaped platform region；3rd, die orifice；
11st, upper port；13rd, lower port
31st, the entrance of die orifice；
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the effect of the present invention is more clearly understood, now control illustrates this hair
It is bright.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the present invention proposes a kind of new mould, i.e., new flat prod cast, that is, metal
Flat prod cast is extruded, the flat prod cast of extruding metal includes：
The nib 1 and die orifice 3 being connected up and down successively；The axis of the nib 1 and the axis of die orifice 3 overlap；
The nib 1 is taper type cavity, and the die orifice 3 is column type cavity or ladder column type cavity；
The nib 1 has upper port 11 and lower port 13, and the upper port 11 of the nib is the entrance 31 of nib, described
The lower port 13 of nib is the outlet of nib, and the lower port 13 of the nib connects the entrance 31 of the die orifice；
A diameter of R of the upper port 11 of the nib, the sectional area of the lower port 13 of the nib is S2, the nib
The diameter of upper port is more than the diameter of the lower port of the nib, and the height of the nib is H, and the taper of the nib is a；
The sectional area of the porch of the die orifice is S1；The entrance of the lower port of the nib and the die orifice is located at same
In plane；
The radius R of the upper port of the nib is equal to the internal diameter of recipient, S2More than S1, S2With S1Between at die orifice
Ring-shaped platform region 2.
The present invention and prod cast it is identical in that, blank is entered in mould by recipient, blank be also it is direct overall enter
Enter nib, and in flat prod cast, some withstands near nib blank, and its die orifice unlike prod cast nearby has one
Section straight angle region, i.e. ring-shaped platform region 2.
The most prominent function of the flat prod cast of the present invention be exactly can reduce during extrusion process needed for extruding force.The knot first
The B area why structure eliminates in Fig. 1 is because can greatly form extruding dead band, this part dead band meeting in the region
The mobility of metal is influenceed, in addition, the resistance that the presence of B area enters nib to blank can increase, increases extrusion process institute
The extruding force needed.Therefore this part is eliminated in the present invention, nib is done greatly as prod cast, allows blank directly to be entered by nib
Enter die cavity.Secondly why it is in order in the present invention in die orifice one section of straight angle region (ring-shaped platform region 2) of setting following two
From the aspect of；First, so doing the amount that can increase the receiving metal near die orifice, reduce die orifice resistance of the mould to metal nearby
Power, so as to reduce extruding force；Although this section of straight angle region also has certain obstruction to metal, this straight angle of die orifice is proximate to
The flow velocity of regional metal is fast, and mobility is fine, therefore the effect hindered and unobvious.Second, set one section of straight angle region be for
In die wall a dead band is formed about, for accommodating the skin portion of blank；If the epidermis extrusion mould-outlet of blank enters
Enter section bar and then occur to cause defect, influence the quality of product.
In order to further select the parameters of mould and size, to obtain ideal extruding force, it is also necessary to upper
State the flat prod cast of extruding metal and carry out further refinement and preferably.
Consider from mould structure, influenceing the factor of extruding force not only has a species of mould, under also each structure some
Parameters of structural dimension is relevant, such as parameter a, H, S1, S2, R in Fig. 2.What wherein a was represented is the cone angle size of mould, what H was represented
It is the height of prod cast part, what S1 was represented is the sectional area size of extrusion profile.What R was represented is the diameter of blank.It is real in production
During border, general S1 and R are fixed, and other specification is adjustable, therefore to obtain optimised process, must by a, H,
S2 is controlled in a rational scope.
Fig. 5 is in the case of R, S1 and a identical, compares the small greatly with h's of flat prod cast and new flat prod cast extruding force
Change.
It can be seen that H, in the region, the extruding force needed for new flat prod cast proposed by the present invention is than common flat prod cast institute
The extruding force needed is small, and in addition it should be noted that point that two lines overlap represents H in value, two kinds of moulds all develop into
Prod cast, that is, in common flat prod cast B=0, situation during new flat prod cast S2=S1；Therefore curve also indicates that newly in figure
Extruding force needed under the flat prod cast structure of type is again smaller than prod cast structure.As for why do not depicted in Fig. 5 H less than 30mm with
Extruding force will be because under this condition, going down two kinds of moulds just closer to flat-die, extruding when H continuation is small with h change when lower
Power is certain to increase.
In order to further explore the relation under new flat prod cast structure between extruding force and each parameter, DEFORM softwares are utilized
Following two groups of simulated experiments are done：
When H is maintained at 33.5mm, extruding force is as shown in Figure 6 with a variation tendency；It can be seen that work as cone angle a
Required extruding force is small when between 10 ° to 30 °, but is found in follow-up extruding dead band size analysis, when a is less than 25 °, base
The skin defects of material easily flow into section bar, and so as to influence the quality of extrusion profile, therefore a is maintained between 25 ° to 30 ° and more closed
It is suitable；In addition, dead band size analysis mentioned above is to utilize " point Tracking " (point tracking) lives in DEFORM softwares
Order, a series of representative points are chosen in blank, observe these points in extrusion process can or can not extrusion mould-outlet, so as to
Judge dead band.In order to further explore the relation under the flat prod cast structure of the present invention between extruding force and each parameter, utilize
DEFORM softwares have done following two groups of simulated experiments：
When H is maintained at 33.5mm, flat prod cast extruding force of the invention is as shown in Figure 6 with a variation tendency；Can from figure
To find out, as cone angle a, required extruding force is small when between 10 ° to 30 °, but is found in follow-up extruding dead band size analysis,
When a is less than 25 °, the skin defects of blank easily flow into section bar, and so as to influence the quality of extrusion profile, therefore a is maintained at 25 °
It is more suitable between to 30 °；In addition, dead band size analysis mentioned above is to utilize " the point in DEFORM softwares
Tracking " is ordered, and a series of representative points is chosen in blank, observing these points can or can not squeeze in extrusion process
Go out die orifice, so as to judge dead band.
When a is maintained at 30 °, flat prod cast extruding force of the invention is as shown in Figure 7 with H variation tendency；Can be with from figure
Find out that extruding force required during H very littles is larger；When H is smaller to 50mm or so extruding forces between 30, but H is super goes beyond the scope
When, extruding starts rapid increase again.
From experiment above it can be found that within the specific limits, compared to H, change of the extruding force size to a is more sensitive；
In addition for dead band thickness e as shown in figure 8, what dash area showed in figure is for a blank, it can shape in extrusion process
Into the part in dead band, according to thickness e so as to judging dead band size；The premise that specific verification method on dead band thickness e is exactly
To using in DEFORM softwares " point tracking " order, from after blank front end face L (as shown in Figure 8) region choosing
A series of representative points are taken, the point in this region is the big portion of blank because in the region before why not choosing L
Die cavity will be filled and dead band is formed about in modular angle area by dividing, therefore without representativeness；In view of blank and mould size, afterwards
Simulated experiment in L take 15mm.It is with S2 under relevant and different R and S1, that is, extrusion ratio is different, e size
It is different, based on above-mentioned discovery, draws a proportionality coefficient C value：C=S2/S1, by studying related proportionality coefficient C values
Size, obtain under different extrusion ratios, e and C relation (proportionality coefficient C and the relation of dead band size), according to this relation,
A more suitable span of the C under different extrusion ratios is found, the last size according to obtained C values regulation a and H
So as to realize optimization, C and each relevant parameter relation such as formula (1-1)：
r：Represent the circumradius size of die orifice, it may also be said to be the circumradius size in extrusion profile section area；
R：The upper port diameter of nib or the diameter of blank；
Tested from first three groups, a extruding forces at 25 ° to 30 ° or so are smaller, therefore in the design process first select a
Determine in the range of this, final need to adjust H and can be achieved with optimizing.
Table 1 is the table for the pole section bar progress dead band heights Experiment that diameter 13mm is extruded using diameter 80mm round bar
Lattice.In order to obtain a more suitable span of C values in the case of different extrusion ratios, as shown in figure 9, have studied respectively crowded
Pressure ratio is 12,25,38 dead band size e in the case of these three and the relation of C values, and its result is as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9；Can from figure
To find out, for new flat prod cast, extrusion ratio is bigger, and its dead band thickness e is bigger, and dead band thickness e increases with C increase,
Under different extrusion ratios, its changing rule is still consistent；In addition when C is between 3 to 5, dead band thickness B change is very big, comprehensive
Close and consider, C value is more suitable between 3.3 to 5, and C values remove the limit when extrusion ratio is big；Extrusion ratio hour capping；If squeeze
When pressure ratio is more than 38, C value should be slightly less than 3.3, but not be smaller than 3, and otherwise blank skin defects can enter section bar.The present invention
The span of extrusion ratio be, for example, 12 to 38, C value 3.3 to 5.
The present invention by diameter 80mm aluminum alloy round bar for example for extruding 13mm pole section bars.In view of the type of extrusion
Material is smaller, it is desirable in the equipment of small tonnage realize production, it is desirable to design it is a set of can make its extruding force it is as small as possible squeeze
Pressing mold, so as to reduce cost, energy consumption is reduced, reduce equipment and take up an area.But found through simulation, using existing prod cast peace prod cast institute
The extruding force needed is closer to the maximum extrusion pressure that equipment can be provided.Therefore, employ the new flat cone of structure of the present invention
Mould, so that mini-plant can be made to squeeze out required bar under conditions of smaller extruding force.
, it is necessary to further select rational die parameters after the flat prod cast of the selected present invention, otherwise, different die parameters
Also the size of extruding force can be influenceed.The factor for influenceing extruding force is not only the structure and species of mould, under also each structure
Some parameters of structural dimension.For example, parameter a, H, S1, S2, R. wherein a represent be mould cone angle size, H represent is cone
The height of mould part, what S1 was represented is the sectional area size of extrusion profile.What S2 was represented is the size (bag of straight angle section near die orifice
Part containing S1), what R was represented is the diameter of blank.During produce reality, general S1 and R are fixed, and other specification is
It is adjustable, therefore optimised process is obtained, a, H, S2 must be controlled in a rational scope.
Therefore, having done two groups of simulated experiments using DEFORM softwares, the extruding force of flat prod cast of the present invention has been obtained with a's
Variation tendency, the present invention flat prod cast extruding force with H variation tendency, so that it is determined that a span, then by limited
The size and distributed architecture in the dead band in first method, Pythagorean theorem and extrusion process, have obtained the parameter equation of mould：
What wherein a was represented is the cone angle size of mould, and what H was represented is the height of prod cast part, and what S1 was represented is extrusion type
The sectional area size of material.What S2 was represented is the size (including S1 parts) of straight angle section near die orifice, and what R was represented is the straight of blank
Footpath.During produce reality, general S1 and R are fixed, and other specification is adjustable, therefore to obtain optimised process,
A, H, S2 must be controlled in a rational scope.
It it is 25 ° to 30 ° by the span value of a first according to experiment.
Then further according to extrusion ratio and dead band thickness, proportionality coefficient C scope is further determined that by experiment, it is comprehensive to examine
Consider, C value is more suitable between 3.3 to 5, and C values remove the limit when extrusion ratio is big；Extrusion ratio hour capping；If extrusion ratio
During more than 38, C value should be slightly less than 3.3, but not be smaller than 3.
Then, according to formula 1-1, it is possible to obtain the height H of prod cast part.
Table 1 is the dead band heights Experiment proof list for the pole section bar that diameter 13mm is extruded using diameter 80mm round bar
Lattice：
Table 1：The form of dead band heights Experiment is carried out using diameter 80mm round bar extrusion diameter 13mm pole section bar
Data in table 1 select to be preferably and H first is scheduled on into 10-50mm's or so according to the result fed back in Fig. 7
In the range of (because in the range of this extruding force smaller), based on H, obtain corresponding C values and dead band thickness e under different H
Situation of change, wherein H specific size selection is all based on the result that one group of data is fed back and adjusts to obtain in every group of data.
, can be according to reasonable according to table 1 for diameter 80mm aluminum alloy round bar is extruded into diameter 13mm pole section bars
Dead band thickness so that it is determined that C span, wherein the 3rd, 4 group of dead band size is more suitable, so as to further determine that C's
Preferred values.
For diameter 80mm aluminum alloy round bar is extruded into diameter 13mm pole section bars, flat prod cast of the invention is wherein
The design parameter of one preferred embodiment is：C is 3.58, S2For 784.27mm2, S1For 132.73mm2, r 6.5mm, a are
30 °, H 48mm, extruding force is 221 tons, and dead band thickness e is 6mm.As a comparison another uses Fig. 4 embodiment, i.e.,
Before optimization in embodiment, proportionality coefficient C is 5.91, and extruding force is 219 tons, and dead band thickness e is 9mm.Extruded although optimization is front and rear
Power is substantially had no change, but dead band thickness is reduced, and not only reduces waste material, also gives full play to blank in mould type
The processability of intracavitary；Compared with common flat prod cast and prod cast, flat prod cast of the invention is more laborsaving.The present invention flat prod cast its
Stress is more uniform, adds the life-span of mould.In addition, the present invention proposes a kind of brand-new c value optimizations, realize to new
The further optimization of the flat prod cast of type.Present invention may apply to copper, copper alloy, aluminium or aluminium alloy or other suitable crimps
Metal.
The schematical embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the scope of the present invention.For this
Each part of invention can be mutually combined under conditions of not conflicting, any those skilled in the art, not depart from this
Made equivalent variations and modification, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention on the premise of the design of invention and principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of flat prod cast of extruding metal, it is characterised in that the flat prod cast of extruding metal includes：
The nib and die orifice being connected up and down successively；The axis of the nib and the axis of die orifice overlap；
The nib is taper type cavity, and the die orifice is column type cavity or ladder column type cavity；
The nib has a upper port and lower port, and the upper port of the nib is the entrance of nib, the lower port of the nib
For the outlet of nib, the lower port of the nib connects the entrance of the die orifice；
A diameter of R of the upper port of the nib, the sectional area of the lower port of the nib is S2, the upper port of the nib
Diameter is more than the diameter of the lower port of the nib, and the height of the nib is H, and the taper of the nib is a；
The sectional area of the porch of the die orifice is S1；The lower port of the nib and the entrance of the die orifice are in the same plane；
The diameter R of the upper port of the nib is equal to the internal diameter of recipient, S2More than S1, S2With S1Between for the annular flat at die orifice
Taiwan area domain.
2. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the taper a of nib value is 25 ° to 30 °.
3. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the flat prod cast of extruding metal is according to following public affairs
Formula determines parameter：
<mrow>
<mi>H</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>r</mi>
<msqrt>
<mi>C</mi>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>tan</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
；
<mrow>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
；
Wherein, a unit is degree, and C is proportionality coefficient, and H, R and r unit are millimeter, and r represents the circumscribed circle of the entrance of die orifice
Radius, R represent the upper port diameter of nib, S2With S1Unit be square millimeter.
4. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that C value is 3 to 5.
5. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that a is further 30 °, and H further arrives for 30
50mm。
6. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that C value is further 3.3 to 5.
7. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the extrusion ratio of the flat prod cast of extruding metal is big
In 12.
8. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that R 80mm, S2For 784.27mm2, S1For
132.73mm2, r 6.5mm, a are 30 °, H 48mm.
9. the flat prod cast of extruding metal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the flat prod cast of extruding metal be applied to copper,
Copper alloy or aluminium, the bar extruding shaping of aluminium alloy.
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| CN201710863009.9A CN107377653A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | The flat prod cast of extruding metal |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710863009.9A CN107377653A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | The flat prod cast of extruding metal |
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| CN107377653A true CN107377653A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110624969A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2019-12-31 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion deformation device for preparing high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method |
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