CN106807794B - The determination method of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters and the hot extrusion technique of nickel base superalloy - Google Patents
The determination method of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters and the hot extrusion technique of nickel base superalloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106807794B CN106807794B CN201510897211.4A CN201510897211A CN106807794B CN 106807794 B CN106807794 B CN 106807794B CN 201510897211 A CN201510897211 A CN 201510897211A CN 106807794 B CN106807794 B CN 106807794B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of determination method of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters, specifically: the load-deformation curve of nickel base superalloy is obtained in the temperature range and strain rate Imitating hot compress test of initial setting according to nickel-base high-temperature alloy material；The constitutive equation of nickel base superalloy is constructed according to load-deformation curve；The hot working chart that nickel base superalloy is established according to load-deformation curve tentatively obtains the Hot Extrusion Parameters of nickel base superalloy after analysis；Finite element software will be imported after constitutive equation verifying, simulates the temperature field of nickel base superalloy and stress-strain field under preliminary Hot Extrusion Parameters, the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy is obtained after optimization.Present invention also provides a kind of hot extrusion techniques.The present invention has quickly and efficiently determined the optimised process of the hot extrusion of powder nickel base superalloy mainly by using hot Compression Simulation and Finite Element Method, to obtain uniformly tiny tissue and excellent performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Technology of Plastic Processing field more particularly to a kind of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters really
Determine the hot extrusion technique of method Yu a kind of nickel base superalloy.
Background technique
Powder nickel base superalloy has even tissue, without gross segregation, alloying level height, yield strength height, antioxygen
The advantages that changing performance and good fatigue behaviour, therefore it is one of common used material of thermal structure parts.But powder nickel base superalloy
It is also defective, such as: primary granule border (PPB), nonmetal inclusion and thermal induction hole.Nowadays, domestic powder is high
The preparation method of temperature alloy mainly includes powder preparation, powder densification, hot extrusion cogging and forging molding；Wherein powder metallurgy
The densification of alloy is mainly realized by hot isostatic pressing and is densified.Hot isostatic pressing technique advantage is to collect hot pressing and waits static pressure
, forming temperature is low for advantage, and product is fine and close, has excellent performance；It is possible to that original can be left but after hot isostatic pressing, in material
Grain boundary, is processed, the residual primary granule side after capable of largely eliminating hip moulding by subsequent hot extrusion
Boundary has key effect to the mechanical property for improving alloy.Therefore hot extrusion is a kind of effective cogging technics.
The hot extrusion technique of powder nickel base superalloy relates generally to extrusion ratio, extruding rate, squeezes temperature and jacket
Material and size design.But since high temperature alloy still has very high intensity at high temperature, and plasticity is bad, closes
The tissue of gold is very sensitive to deformation technique, causes hot extrusion process window narrow and is difficult to determine.Existing powder nickel-base high-temperature
The extrusion process of alloy is not suitable for the high temperature alloy of every kind of trade mark, and is not able to satisfy intensity required by alloy after extruding,
Even tissue degree is also to be improved, and crystallite dimension is not able to satisfy subsequent forging requirement.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide a kind of hot extrusion technique, joined by the suitable hot extrusion technique of determination
The hot extrusion to realize nickel base superalloy is counted, its structural homogenity is improved, obtains fine tissue and high-intensitive alloy.
In view of this, this application provides a kind of determination methods of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters, including with
Lower step:
According to nickel-base high-temperature alloy material, in the temperature range and strain rate Imitating hot compress test of initial setting,
Obtain the load-deformation curve of nickel base superalloy；
The constitutive equation of nickel base superalloy is constructed according to the load-deformation curve；
The hot working chart that nickel base superalloy is established according to the load-deformation curve tentatively obtains Ni-based height after analysis
The Hot Extrusion Parameters of temperature alloy；
Finite element software will be imported after constitutive equation verifying, simulates nickel-base high-temperature under preliminary Hot Extrusion Parameters and close
The temperature field of gold and stress-strain field, obtain the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy after optimization.
Preferably, the temperature range is greater than the recrystallization temperature of nickel base superalloy and is less than nickel base superalloy crystal grain
The temperature obviously grown up.
Preferably, the process of the initial Hot Extrusion Parameters of the determining nickel base superalloy specifically:
The hot working chart of nickel base superalloy is established according to the load-deformation curve, and combines deformation parameter to Ni-based
The influence of high temperature alloy macroscopic view and microscopic structure tentatively obtains the Hot Extrusion Parameters of nickel base superalloy after analysis.
Preferably, the process of the hot extrusion parameter for obtaining nickel base superalloy specifically:
Finite element software will be imported after constitutive equation verifying, simulates nickel-base high-temperature under preliminary Hot Extrusion Parameters and close
Golden temperature field and stress-strain field obtains nickel base superalloy after optimization in conjunction with specific field working conditions and extrusion equipment ability
Hot extrusion parameter.
Present invention also provides a kind of hot extrusion techniques of nickel base superalloy, comprising the following steps:
The hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy billet is determined according to determination method described in above scheme；
Nickel base superalloy billet after hot isostatic pressing is placed in and is squeezed in jacket；
It is squeezed after the nickel base superalloy billet is heated to 1030~1070 DEG C, the rate of the extruding is 20
~50mm/s, extrusion ratio are (6~15): 1.
Preferably, the nickel base superalloy is the first nickel base superalloy or the second nickel base superalloy；
First nickel base superalloy includes: Co:25~27%, Cr:12.5~13.5%, Al:3.0~3.4%,
Ti:3.5~3.9%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Nb:0.75~1.15%, Hf:0.17~0.23%,
C:0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni；
Second nickel base superalloy includes: Co:12.5~13.5%, and Cr:13.75~14.25%, Al:2.8~
3.2%, Ti:3.8~4.2%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Ta:2.8~3.2%, Hf:0.17~
0.23%, C:0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni.
Preferably, the nickel base superalloy is placed in after extruding jacket, before heating further include:
Extrusion cylinder and pressure ram are preheated, coat lubricant on extrusion cylinder surface；The temperature of the preheating be 180~
200℃。
Preferably, after the heating further include:
Nickel base superalloy billet after heating is taken out, after the coating glass lubricant of nickel base superalloy billet surface
It is transferred to extrusion cylinder, the time of the transfer is 15~30s.
Preferably, after the extruding further include:
Nickel base superalloy blank after extruding is transferred to cooling in water, the time of transfer is no more than 5s.
This application provides a kind of nickel base superalloy hot extrusion determination method for parameter, specifically: according to nickel-base high-temperature
Alloy material is answered by obtaining the load-deformation curve of material under certain temperature range and strain rate using described
Force-strain curve data construct the constitutive equation and hot working chart of material, and nickel-base high-temperature conjunction is tentatively obtained after hot working chart analysis
The Hot Extrusion Parameters of gold simulate preliminary hot extrusion technique ginseng then by the verified rear importing finite element software of constitutive equation
The temperature field of several lower nickel base superalloys and stress-strain field obtain the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy after optimization.
According to above-mentioned determining method, it is determined that the technological parameter of nickel base superalloy, thus this application provides a kind of nickel
Nickel base superalloy after hot isostatic pressing is placed in jacket by the hot extrusion technique of based high-temperature alloy first, then will be Ni-based
High temperature alloy is squeezed after being heated to 1030~1070 DEG C, and the rate of the extruding is 20~50mm/s, extrusion ratio be (6~
15): 1.The application has determined the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy by quick, reasonable, effective method, and passes through determination
Hot extrusion parameter carried out the hot extrusion of nickel base superalloy, make nickel base superalloy specific temperature range, squeeze speed
It is deformed under rate and extrusion ratio, to obtain even tissue, the preferable nickel base superalloy of tiny and intensity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the load-deformation curve after 1 thermal simulation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the hot working chart under material is 0.4~0.7 in true strain；
Fig. 3 is the microstructure picture of material under different temperatures and strain rate；
The micro-organization chart of material under the differently strained rate that Fig. 4 is 1100 DEG C；
Fig. 5 is that extruding temperature is 1070 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is power and time distribution map under 7:1；
Fig. 6 is the heat penetration distribution situation figure after the heating of extruded stock spindle band jacket；
Fig. 7 is that blank initial heating temperature is 1070 DEG C, and transfer time is the profiling temperatures figure after 45s；
Fig. 8 is the nickel base superalloy crystal grain distribution figure after extruding of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 9 is that the nickel base superalloy of the embodiment of the present invention 2 squeezes the graph of relation of post-tensioning intensity and temperature；
Figure 10 is the nickel base superalloy metallograph after extruding of comparative example 1；
Figure 11 is the nickel base superalloy of comparative example 2 along the metallograph of direction of extrusion crystal grain；
Figure 12 is the metallograph of the vertical direction of extrusion crystal grain of nickel base superalloy of comparative example 2.
Specific embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to embodiment, still
It should be appreciated that these descriptions are only further explanation the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the claims in the present invention
Limitation.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of determination methods of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters, including following step
It is rapid:
According to nickel-base high-temperature alloy material, in the temperature range and strain rate Imitating hot compress test of initial setting,
Obtain the load-deformation curve of nickel base superalloy；
The constitutive equation of nickel base superalloy is constructed according to the load-deformation curve；
The hot working chart that nickel base superalloy is established according to the load-deformation curve tentatively obtains Ni-based height after analysis
The Hot Extrusion Parameters of temperature alloy；
Finite element software will be imported after constitutive equation verifying, simulates nickel-base high-temperature under preliminary Hot Extrusion Parameters and close
The temperature field of gold and stress-strain field, obtain the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy after optimization.
This application provides a kind of determination methods of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters, pass through hot Compression Simulation
It is combined with finite element Deform analogy method, the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy has finally been determined.
During determining nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters, first according to nickel-base high-temperature alloy material, just
The temperature and strain rate of step setting hot extrusion, and hot Compression Simulation is carried out under the above conditions, to obtain nickel-base high-temperature conjunction
The load-deformation curve of gold.In above process, the hot Compression Simulation is analogy method well known to those skilled in the art,
The application is without particularly limiting.The recrystallization temperature that the temperature of the hot extrusion is preferably greater than nickel-base high-temperature alloy material is small
In the temperature that nickel base superalloy crystal grain is obviously grown up.
The application determines that the process of nickel base superalloy Hot Extrusion Parameters is carried out based on load-deformation curve
's.According to the present invention, after simulation obtains load-deformation curve, then the constitutive equation of nickel base superalloy is constructed according to it.It answers
There is close relationships between flow stress in variable Rate, strain temperature and material deformation process, but not simple ground wire
Sexual intercourse, and rate of deformation is controlled by thermal activation energy in high temperature thermoplasticity deformation, therefore the application uses hyperbolic sine type
Arrhenius equation constructs the constitutive relation model of nickel base superalloy in this research, and the process specifically modeled is this field skill
Known to art personnel, no longer repeated herein.
By it is a kind of with the nickel base superalloy formed as follows for, constitutive equation is shown below: Co:25~
27%, Cr:12.5~13.5%, Al:3.0~3.4%, Ti:3.5~3.9%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~
4.25%, Nb:0.75~1.15%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:
0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni；
Wherein,For strain rate (s-1)；σ is flow stress (MPa)；T is absolute temperature (K)；R is mol gas constant
(8.314J/mol·K)。
For the constitutive equation of the application according to the difference of specific nickel base superalloy, the parameter in constitutive equation is different.At this
After structure equation determines, constitutive equation is verified according to mode well known to those skilled in the art, to guarantee constitutive equation
Accuracy.
The application establishes the hot working chart of nickel base superalloy also according to load-deformation curve, the hot working chart
Establishment process be it is well known to those skilled in the art, the application no longer repeats.Nickel is primarily determined according to the hot working chart
The process window of based high-temperature alloy, but process window determining at this time is without reference to the microscopic structure of material, as preferred side
Case corresponds to the microscopic structure of nickel base superalloy under conditions of the process window primarily determined, by analyzing micro-organization chart,
Determine the suitable Hot Extrusion Parameters of nickel base superalloy.
According to the present invention, finite element Deform 3D simulation is finally carried out, utilizes established constitutive equation to extrusion process
It is simulated, obtains the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy.Specifically, constitutive equation is imported finite element software, simulation is just
The temperature field of nickel base superalloy and stress-strain field under beginning Hot Extrusion Parameters, preferably in combination with field working conditions, heating method,
Actual transfer time and equipment tonnage are simulated, and the optimal hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy is obtained.It is herein described to have
Limit member Deform 3D is analog form well known to those skilled in the art, and the application no longer repeats.
Herein described nickel base superalloy is preferably the first nickel base superalloy or the second nickel base superalloy；Described
One nickel base superalloy includes: Co:25~27%, Cr:12.5~13.5%, Al:3.0~3.4%, Ti:3.5~3.9%, W:
3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Nb:0.75~1.15%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:0.04~0.06%,
B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni；Second nickel base superalloy include: Co:12.5~
13.5%, Cr:13.75~14.25%, Al:2.8~3.2%, Ti:3.8~4.2%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~
4.25%, Ta:2.8~3.2%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03
~0.07%, surplus Ni.In the case where the nickel base superalloy is above-mentioned alloy, the temperature of the hot extrusion is 1030
DEG C~1070 DEG C, extrusion ratio is (6~15): 1, extruding rate is (20~50) mm/s.
Present invention also provides a kind of hot extrusion techniques of nickel base superalloy, comprising the following steps:
Nickel base superalloy billet after hot isostatic pressing is placed in and is squeezed in jacket；
It is squeezed after the nickel base superalloy billet is heated to 1030~1070 DEG C, the rate of the extruding is 20
~50mm/s, extrusion ratio are (6~15): 1, the temperature of the heating, the rate of extruding and extrusion ratio are described through the above scheme
Determination method determine.
The parameter of determining hot extrusion technique realizes the hot extrusion of nickel base superalloy according to the method described above, makes Ni-based height
The fine microstructures of temperature alloy are uniform, and have preferable intensity.
In the hot extrusion technique of nickel base superalloy, the application is first by the nickel base superalloy billet after hot isostatic pressing
It is placed in and squeezes in jacket.
Then nickel base superalloy billet is carried out hot extrusion by the application, i.e., nickel base superalloy billet is heated to 1030
It is squeezed after~1070 DEG C, the rate of the extruding is 20~50mm/s, and extrusion ratio is (6~15): 1.Above-mentioned squeezing parameter
It is determined according to above scheme.
In order to reduce thermal losses, the temperature difference between workpiece and extrusion cylinder is reduced, preferably, before heating, originally
Extrusion cylinder and pressure ram are preferably preheated to 180~200 DEG C by application.
In order to reduce the frictional force between nickel base superalloy billet and extrusion cylinder, the extruding force of extrusion process is reduced, is made
Workpiece smoothly squeezes out, and preferably, applies lubricant on extrusion cylinder surface before extrusion.
After heating, the nickel base superalloy billet after heating is taken out, is applied on nickel base superalloy billet surface
Extrusion cylinder is transferred to after glass lubricant.In order to reduce thermal losses, the above process is preferred are as follows:
It is laid with the glass lubricant that temperature is 900~950 DEG C on the track of extruder, takes out billet, makes it along rail
Road is rolled to extrusion cylinder inlet device, and entire transfer process is no more than 30s.
After squeezing completion, obtained extrusion billet is as quenching-in water, and to retain high temperature undertissue, whole process is not
More than 5s.
Herein described extrusion process is suitable for nickel base superalloy, preferably the first nickel base superalloy or second Ni-based
High temperature alloy；
First nickel base superalloy includes: Co:25~27%, Cr:12.5~13.5%, Al:3.0~3.4%,
Ti:3.5~3.9%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Nb:0.75~1.15%, Hf:0.17~0.23%,
C:0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni；
Second nickel base superalloy includes: Co:12.5~13.5%, and Cr:13.75~14.25%, Al:2.8~
3.2%, Ti:3.8~4.2%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Ta:2.8~3.2%, Hf:0.17~
0.23%, C:0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni.
The present invention is mainly by using hot Compression Simulation and finite element Deform3D analogy method, it is determined that the Ni-based height of powder
The optimised process of the hot extrusion of temperature alloy, to obtain uniformly tiny tissue and excellent performance.
For a further understanding of the present invention, below with reference to embodiment to nickel base superalloy hot extrusion work provided by the invention
The hot extrusion technique of skill determination method for parameter and nickel base superalloy is described in detail, protection scope of the present invention not by with
The limitation of lower embodiment.
The determination of 1 Hot Extrusion Parameters of embodiment
Thermal simulation experiment carries out on Gleeble-3180 testing machine, and the sample used closes for the nickel-base high-temperature of independent research
Golden CSU-A1, by percentage to the quality, comprising: Co:25~27%, Cr:12.5~13.5%, Al:3.0~3.4%, Ti:3.5
~3.9%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Nb:0.75~1.15%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:0.04
~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni.
Heating temperature is set according to sample are as follows: 1000~1100 DEG C, is spaced 25 DEG C, strain rate 0.001,0.01,0.1
And 1.0s-1, true strain 0.7 obtains true stress-true strain curve as shown in Figure 1, and the stress-strain data of acquisition is utilized to calculate
The hot deformation equation of material, and Arrhenius hyperbolic sine type constitutive equation and hot working chart are constructed, detailed process is as follows:
The foundation of constitutive equation
Using the constitutive relation model of hyperbolic sine type Arrhenius equation building CSU-A1 alloy hot isostatic pressing state, press
It is calculated according to mode well known to those skilled in the art, obtains the constitutive equation of above-mentioned material, as follows:
The constitutive equation expression formula of 1 material of table
The foundation of hot working chart
According to mode well known to those skilled in the art, the hot working chart as shown in Figure 2 of CSU-A1 is established, Fig. 2 is material
Expect the hot working chart in the case where true strain amount is 0.4~0.7, Fig. 2 a, 2b, 2c and 2d are respectively material 0.4,0.5,0.6 and 0.7
The lower manuscript of strain, in hot working chart, non-shaded portion expression is in the temperature studied, the processable window under strain rate
Mouthful, specific temperature and strain rate range are 1000~1100 DEG C；0.001~0.1s-1；
In strain in 0.7 manuscript, the peak value of Energy consumption fact appears in 1075 DEG C/0.0018s-1Near；Energy
Measure section of the dissipation factor 30% or more are as follows: strain rate: 0.005~0.1, temperature is 1000~1100 DEG C and section:
Strain rate: 0.001~0.005s-1, temperature: 1050~1100 DEG C；This is the process window tentatively determined by hot working chart, tool
The best squeezing parameter of body needs further fabric analysis confirmation.
It is analyzed for the corresponding microscopic structure of thermomechanical parameter tentatively obtained above, result is as shown in figure 3, figure
3 be the microstructure picture of material under different temperatures and strain rate；Fig. 3 (a) is 1025 DEG C/1.0s-1The microscopic structure of material
Photo, Fig. 3 (b) are 1050 DEG C/1.0s-1The microstructure picture of material, Fig. 3 (c) are 1075 DEG C/1.0s-1Micro- group of material
Photo is knitted, Fig. 3 (d) is 1025 DEG C/0.1s-1The microstructure picture of material, Fig. 3 (e) are 1050 DEG C/0.1s-1Material it is micro-
Macrograph, Fig. 3 (f) are 1075 DEG C/0.1s-1The microstructure picture of material, Fig. 3 (g) are 1025 DEG C/0.01s-1Material
Microstructure picture, Fig. 3 (h) are 1050 DEG C/0.01s-1The microstructure picture of material, Fig. 3 (i) are 1075 DEG C/0.01s-1Material
The microstructure picture of material, as can be seen from FIG. 3, as the temperature rises with the reduction of strain rate, grain structure is more and more equal
It is even tiny；
The micro-organization chart of material under the differently strained rate that Fig. 4 is 1100 DEG C, Fig. 4 (a) are 1100 DEG C/1.0s-1Material
Microstructure picture, Fig. 4 (b) be 1100 DEG C/0.1s-1The microstructure picture of material, Fig. 4 (c) are 1100 DEG C/0.01s-1
The microstructure picture of material, Fig. 4 (d) are 1100 DEG C/0.001s-1The microstructure picture of material, it can be seen from the figure that with
The decline of strain rate, crystal grain, which gradually appears, grows up, therefore 1100 DEG C are the processing temperatures that cannot be selected.
Comprehensive analysis can obtain, and can determine optimal process window: 1025~1075 DEG C of temperature；Strain rate 0.01~
0.1s-1。
It is simulated in conjunction with the Deform 3D of actual production operating condition
Extrusion ratio and the determination for squeezing temperature
According to design requirement, need to obtain the extruding finished product that diameter is 25mm；According to the extruding volume of actual production extruder
Determining tonnage is 1000 tons, and safe handling tonnage is 800 tons, 1050~1075 DEG C/20~50mm/s under determining optimized parameter
(being converted according to the strain rate in hot compression) has chosen different extrusion ratio 4:1~12:1, inputs obtained above
Structure equation is simulated, and according to the Comparative result of simulation, (is lower than 1030 DEG C) at a lower temperature and is squeezed in bigger situation
(being greater than 8:1) extruding force has exceeded the safe handling tonnage of equipment, is excluded.
Fig. 5 is that extruding temperature is 1070 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is power and time distribution map under 7:1, maximum stress 725.4
Ton.
The determination of billet heating time
Fig. 6 is that extruding billet diameter is 85mm, and the heating state with jacket, after after 4334s, billet integrally reaches heat
Saturating state (1070 DEG C of the temperature that all sites reach setting)；It, will be final in order to guarantee that billet can definitely reach temperature
Heating time is set to 1.5h or so.
The temperature change of transfer process
In practical extrusion process, the time on extruder is transferred to probably at 15~45 seconds, to different from heating furnace
Transfer time is simulated, and to observe Temperature Distribution of the billet when being transferred to extrusion cylinder, then adjusts the heating of billet
Temperature guarantees to squeeze preceding temperature.Fig. 7 is that blank initial heating temperature is 1070 DEG C；Transfer time is the Temperature Distribution after 45s
Situation.Although it can be seen from the figure that after transfer the temperature decline of surface jacket it is relatively obvious, blank central temperature according to
It is so able to maintain at 1070 DEG C or so, well ensures the temperature of setting.
The determination of final squeezing parameter
The parameter area that extruding has been determined according to hot compression data, hot working chart and the fabric analysis in laboratory is temperature:
1030~1075 DEG C of rates: 20~50mm/s；Again by actual extruding operating condition, extruder tonnage etc. determined jacket size and
Specification, extrusion ratio 7:1 and 1070 DEG C of heating temperature, 1.5h heating time, 45s transfer time.
Embodiment 2
It is machined to reach the required depth of parallelism, verticality and surface light after HIPPED materials are removed jacket
Cleanliness.
Jacket is squeezed according to designed dimensioned, is put into jacket；
Extrusion cylinder is preheating to 200 DEG C together with pressure ram, coats one layer of lubricant in extrusion cylinder；Pacify in extrusion cylinder discharge port
It has filled and has cooperated straightener with extrusion cylinder；
Resistance furnace is heated to 1070 DEG C of required extruding temperature, the one being welded is squeezed into billet and places furnace inside holding
1.5h；
Billet is taken out, extrusion cylinder is rolled to along track after the glass powder for the use of temperature being 900 DEG C is coated on its surface and enters
Mouth device, transfer time are 20 seconds, and upper special glass isolator is padded between pressure ram extrusion cylinder, starts to squeeze；Setting squeezes speed
Degree is 30mm/s, extrusion ratio 7:1；It after squeezing out cylinder, is come out along straightener is squeezed, is lost cooling in water immediately,
Transfer process is 4s, to keep high temperature microstructure after extruding.
After going jacket to handle blank after extruding, metallographic sample is prepared using standard metallographic preparation method, is observed micro-
Tissue, and its crystallite dimension is counted, at such a temperature, even tissue is tiny for discovery, controls within two grades.Such as Fig. 8
It is shown.
Standard heat treatment is carried out to material after extruding, detects its tensile property, result is as shown in figure 9, zero bent in figure
Line is the relation curve of material cross directional stretch and temperature, and ■ curve is the relation curve of material longitudinal stretching and temperature.
The ingredient for the nickel base superalloy that the present embodiment is related to specifically: by weight percentage, Co:25~27%, Cr:
12.5~13.5%, Al:3.0~3.4%, Ti:3.5~3.9%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Nb:
0.75~1.15%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%,
Surplus is Ni；
Embodiment 3
The hot extrusion technique of the present embodiment is same as Example 2, and difference is: the specific ingredient of nickel base superalloy are as follows:
By weight percentage, Co:12.5~13.5%, Cr:13.75~14.25%, Al:2.8~3.2%, Ti:3.8~4.2%,
W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Ta:2.8~3.2%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:0.04~0.06%,
B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni.
The experimental results showed that the crystal grain of nickel base superalloy manufactured in the present embodiment is tiny, uniform.
Comparative example 1
The hot extrusion technique of the present embodiment is same as Example 2, and difference is: squeezing temperature is 1110 DEG C.It squeezes and completes
Metallographic sample is prepared using standard metallographic preparation method afterwards, observes microscopic structure, as shown in Figure 10.
As shown in Figure 10: squeezing at too high a temperature, so that local phenomenon of growing up, mixed crystal group occurs in crystal grain after extruding
Knit the performance that can seriously affect alloy.
Comparative example 2
The hot extrusion technique of the present embodiment is same as Example 2, and difference is: squeezing temperature is 1020 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is
4:1.Metallographic sample is prepared using standard metallographic preparation method after the completion of squeezing, observes microscopic structure, as shown in Figure 11,12.
From Figure 11,12: squeeze temperature it is too low, will lead to material local organization without completely occur dynamic recrystallization and
There are coarse crystal grain, and grain structure is uneven, as shown in figure 11；Extrusion ratio is too small, can make the primary granule of hot isostatic pressing
Boundary (crystal grain of circle shape in figure) is unable to get adequately broken and carries over, and influences the performance of alloy.
The above description of the embodiment is only used to help understand the method for the present invention and its core ideas.It should be pointed out that pair
For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be carried out
Some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of hot extrusion technique of nickel base superalloy, comprising the following steps:
Determine the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy billet；
Nickel base superalloy billet after hot isostatic pressing is placed in and is squeezed in jacket；
It being squeezed after the nickel base superalloy billet is heated to 1030~1070 DEG C, the rate of the extruding is 20~
50mm/s, extrusion ratio are (6~15): 1；
The hot extrusion determination method for parameter of the nickel base superalloy billet, comprising the following steps:
It is obtained according to nickel-base high-temperature alloy material in the temperature range and strain rate Imitating hot compress test of initial setting
The load-deformation curve of nickel base superalloy；
The constitutive equation of nickel base superalloy is constructed according to the load-deformation curve；
The hot working chart that nickel base superalloy is established according to the load-deformation curve tentatively obtains nickel-base high-temperature conjunction after analysis
The Hot Extrusion Parameters of gold；
Finite element software will be imported after constitutive equation verifying, simulates nickel base superalloy under preliminary Hot Extrusion Parameters
Temperature field and stress-strain field obtain the hot extrusion parameter of nickel base superalloy after optimization.
2. hot extrusion technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature range is greater than nickel base superalloy
Recrystallization temperature and the temperature obviously grown up less than nickel base superalloy crystal grain.
3. hot extrusion technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that determine the initial hot extrusion work of nickel base superalloy
The process of skill parameter specifically:
The hot working chart of nickel base superalloy is established according to the load-deformation curve, and combines deformation parameter to nickel-base high-temperature
The influence of alloy macroscopic view and microscopic structure tentatively obtains the Hot Extrusion Parameters of nickel base superalloy after analysis.
4. hot extrusion technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that optimization obtains the hot extrusion ginseng of nickel base superalloy
Several processes specifically:
Finite element software will be imported after constitutive equation verifying, simulates nickel base superalloy under preliminary Hot Extrusion Parameters
Temperature field and stress-strain field obtain the heat of nickel base superalloy in conjunction with specific field working conditions and extrusion equipment ability after optimization
Squeezing parameter.
5. hot extrusion technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nickel base superalloy is the first nickel-base high-temperature
Alloy or the second nickel base superalloy；
First nickel base superalloy includes: Co:25~27%, Cr:12.5~13.5%, Al:3.0~3.4%, Ti:3.5
~3.9%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Nb:0.75~1.15%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:0.04
~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni；
Second nickel base superalloy includes: Co:12.5~13.5%, Cr:13.75~14.25%, Al:2.8~3.2%,
Ti:3.8~4.2%, W:3.75~4.25%, Mo:3.75~4.25%, Ta:2.8~3.2%, Hf:0.17~0.23%, C:
0.04~0.06%, B:0.003~0.015%, Zr:0.03~0.07%, surplus Ni.
6. hot extrusion technique according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the nickel base superalloy is placed in extruding packet
After set, before heating further include:
Extrusion cylinder and pressure ram are preheated, coat lubricant on extrusion cylinder surface；The temperature of the preheating is 180~200
℃。
7. hot extrusion technique according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that after the heating further include:
Nickel base superalloy billet after heating is taken out, is shifted after the coating glass lubricant of nickel base superalloy billet surface
To extrusion cylinder, the time of the transfer is 15~30s.
8. hot extrusion technique according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that after the extruding further include:
Nickel base superalloy blank after extruding is transferred to cooling in water, the time of transfer is no more than 5s.
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| CN108097962B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-11-24 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of Nb-toughened titanium-aluminum-based alloy composite material |
| CN110016628B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-04-14 | 西北工业大学 | Forging method based on minimum strain required by uniform structure |
| CN110116203A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-13 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A method of eliminating Ni-base P/M Superalloy primary granule border |
| CN111982956B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2023-09-05 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Method for determining ultra-low carbon steel mixed crystal structure elimination based on thermal simulation testing machine |
| CN113305172B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-09-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of GH4169 alloy bar |
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