CN107356412A - A kind of measuring method of the measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index - Google Patents
A kind of measuring method of the measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356412A CN107356412A CN201710612432.1A CN201710612432A CN107356412A CN 107356412 A CN107356412 A CN 107356412A CN 201710612432 A CN201710612432 A CN 201710612432A CN 107356412 A CN107356412 A CN 107356412A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/35—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides in which light is transversely coupled into or out of the fibre or waveguide, e.g. using integrating spheres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/33—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter being disposed at one fibre or waveguide end-face, and a light receiver at the other end-face
- G01M11/333—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter being disposed at one fibre or waveguide end-face, and a light receiver at the other end-face using modulated input signals
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of the measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index, mainly solves the problem of existing measuring system measuring speed is slow, and measurement accuracy is low, and environment resistant jamming performance is poor.The present invention is by using a kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system, including narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, photodetector one, intensity type optical modulator, modulator driver, single-mode optical-fibre coupler, photodetector two, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, photodetector three, signal source, power splitter, IQ frequency mixers, low pass filter, data acquisition and the technical scheme of signal transacting and display module, preferably solves the problem, the measurement available for rare-earth doped optical fibre.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of the measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index.
Background technology
The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre is to influence the important indicator of rare-earth doped optical fibre performance.Optical fibre refractivity coefficient
Measurement is the important research direction of Optical fibre parametric measurement technology, and conventional measuring methods are all by pulse delay method, phase shift method, mould
The methods of field diameter method and white light interference, realizes that these measuring method system costs are high, and precision has larger fluctuation, environment resistant
Jamming performance is poor, can influence the accuracy of measurement result.
And for example the invention discloses evanscent field coupling refraction between a kind of optical fiber fibre by the A of Chinese patent literature CN 105044030
Rate meter and its detection method, including light source, fibre optical sensor probe, fiber coupler/circulator, the first photodetector,
Two photodetectors and data acquisition and processing module；Fibre optical sensor probe inclines including being carved with for being arranged in parallel and be closely affixed
The optical fiber and D-type optical fiber of oblique fiber grating, light source pass through fiber coupler/circulator and the optical fiber one for being carved with inclined optical fiber grating
End connection, the optical fiber for being carved with inclined optical fiber grating are connected by fiber coupler/circulator with the second photodetector input,
One end of D-type optical fiber by single-mode fiber connect the first photodetector input, be carved with inclined optical fiber grating optical fiber and
One end that one end of fiber coupler/circulator connection is connected with D-type optical fiber and the first photodetector is in the same side；First light
Electric explorer and the second photodetector connect data acquisition and processing module respectively.Although the device has refractometry smart
The advantages of degree is higher, but environment resistant jamming performance is poor, influences testing result.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that existing measuring system measuring speed is slow, and measurement accuracy is low, and environment resistant is done
The problem of disturbing poor-performing, there is provided a kind of new rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system and its measuring method.It is dilute using this
It is fast that native doped fiber refractometry system possesses measuring speed, and measurement accuracy is high, and is not influenceed etc. by environmental factor excellent
Point.
A kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index measurement method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：A segment length is chosen as 1m or so rare-earth doped optical fibre and its length is accurately measured.System
After upper electricity；
Step 2：Signal source is opened, signal source frequency is arranged to f (being, for example, 20MHz), first not by testing fiber
108 are linked into measuring system, and measure radiofrequency signal by test system reaches the rf inputs of IQ frequency mixers 203 from signal source
When phase valueThe value is the proper phase value of test system, and the purpose of the step is that do not having to obtain test system
During rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, middle signal source end is to the proper phase value between IQ frequency mixer rf inputs, so as to follow-up
Data processing eliminates the system proper phase value；
Step 3：Testing fiber 108 is linked between single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106 and photodetector 109, due to light
The increase of fine length, radiofrequency signal from signal source reach photodetector when its phase will change, again by test be
The phase value of unified test amount radiofrequency signalThe phase value contains the proper phase value of test systemTherefore by rare earth to be measured
Phase changing capacity is caused by doped fiber
Step 4：Pass through calculatingAnd the refractive index of rare earth doped fiber to be measured can be obtained according to formula (8).
The operation principle of measurement is as follows：
Radiofrequency signal is transmitted in a fiber, and the phase that radiofrequency signal reaches photodetector can be with fiber lengths and refraction
The change of rate and change.Carried when testing fiber not to be linked into above-mentioned light in radio frequency transmission link, measurement radiofrequency signal reaches light
The phase of electric explorerThen testing fiber is linked into above-mentioned light to carry in radio frequency transmission link, measures radiofrequency signal again
Reach the phase of photodetectorThe refractive index of testing fiber is can be obtained by according to the length of phase difference and testing fiber.
Assuming that the frequency of signal source output signal is f, the signal obtains two identical microwave signals after power splitter, wherein making all the way
The local oscillator input of IQ frequency mixers is directly entered for local oscillation signal, the signal is represented by：
VoFor signal amplitude,For the initial phase of signal.The another way signal of power splitter output passes through intensity type optical modulator
After obtain light and carry radiofrequency signal, when a length be L, refractive index is linked into the light of test system for n rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured
In fine link, the change of light load radiofrequency signal phase will be caused, the variable quantity of phase is：
C is the light velocity in formula, thus causes the radiofrequency signal that photodetector 109 exports to be represented by：
After the radiofrequency signal enters IQ frequency mixers, the signal is divided into two-way by frequency mixer, and signal is penetrated as the input of I roads all the way
Frequency signal is mixed with local oscillation signal, another way signal after 90 degree of phase shifts as Q roads input radio frequency signal also with local oscillator
Signal is mixed, then I roads output signal is represented by：
Q roads output signal is represented by：
The two-way direct current signal that frequency mixer exports is divided by and can obtained：
Thus, the refractive index that can obtain rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is：
When because the optical fibre device in test system is all general single mode fiber, and containing radio-frequency cable, therefore measuring
The phase value for needing to introduce these devices deducts.Therefore, during measurement, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured system is not linked into first
In, the proper phase value that test system is obtained according to frequency mixer isAfter testing fiber 108 is linked into test system, then
The secondary phase value that radiofrequency signal is measured by test systemThen the phase changing capacity as caused by rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured isI.e.Thus, the refractive index that can obtain rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is：
A kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system, including narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, light
Electric explorer one, intensity type optical modulator, modulator driver, single-mode optical-fibre coupler, photodetector two, rare earth to be measured are mixed
Veiling glare fibre, photodetector three, signal source, power splitter, IQ frequency mixers, low pass filter, data acquisition and signal transacting and aobvious
Show module, the narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, photodetector one, intensity type optical modulator, modulator
Driver, single-mode optical-fibre coupler, photodetector two, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, photodetector three form a light and carried
Radio frequency transmission link, the polarised light of the narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser output pass through polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler
The output light of the port of high-power output enters in single-mode optical-fibre coupler after intensity type optical modulator, Single-Mode Fiber Coupling
The output light of the high-power output port of device is incided on photodetector after rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, the polarization maintaining optical fibre
Coupler and the optical signal of single-mode optical-fibre coupler small-signal output port output respectively enter photodetector one and photoelectricity is visited
Survey in device two, the two photodetectors convert optical signals into electric signal and by modulator driver come intensity type light
The operating point of modulator is all the time in the range of linear modulation；The radiofrequency signal of the signal source output is divided into two after power splitter
Road radiofrequency signal, all the way radiofrequency signal be loaded on intensity type optical modulator, will be exported on the rf-signal modulation to light wave
One light carries radiofrequency signal.The light carries radiofrequency signal and incided after testing fiber on photodetector three, and photodetector will
Optical signal is converted into radiofrequency signal and enters the rf inputs of frequency mixer, and the another way radiofrequency signal of power splitter enters frequency mixer
Local oscillator input, the output of frequency mixer is a d. c. voltage signal, and the d. c. voltage signal is after low pass filter filters
Data sampling and processing is carried out into data acquisition and signal transacting and display module and the refractive index of testing fiber is passed through into aobvious control
System is shown.
Preferably, the coupling ratio of the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is 1:99.
Preferably, the coupling ratio of the single-mode optical-fibre coupler is 1:99.
The present invention uses IQ frequency mixers, and the phase measurement accuracy of IQ frequency mixers is up to 0.050, when radio frequency signal frequency is
20MHz, when the length of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is 1m, refractometry sensitivity of the invention is up to 0.002.Radiofrequency signal
Frequency it is higher, the length of testing fiber can be made to shorten to improve the accuracy of testing fiber linear measure longimetry；Basis of the present invention
Two DC voltage values of IQ frequency mixers output can be obtained by the refractive index of current testing fiber.The measurement result of this method
The amplitude jitter of two paths of signals with entering IQ frequency mixers is insensitive, and this greatly reduces optical signal shake and environmental factor
Influence the influence to optical fibre refractivity measurement result.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system schematic block diagram of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing：
101st, narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser 102, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103, photodetector one
104th, intensity type optical modulator 105, modulator driver 106, single-mode optical-fibre coupler
107th, photodetector 2 108, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 109, photodetector three
201st, signal source 202, power splitter 203, IQ frequency mixers
204th, low pass filter 205, data acquisition and signal transacting and display module
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that following embodiments are only
For illustrating the present invention rather than limitation the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system, including narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser 101, polarization-maintaining
Fiber coupler 102, photodetector 1, intensity type optical modulator 104, modulator driver 105, Single-Mode Fiber Coupling
Device 106, photodetector 2 107, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 108, photodetector 3 109, signal source 201, power splitter
202nd, IQ frequency mixers 203, low pass filter 204, data acquisition and signal transacting and display module 205, the narrow linewidth DFB swash
Light device 101, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102, photodetector 1, intensity type optical modulator 104, modulator driver 105,
Single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106, photodetector 2 107, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 108, photodetector 3 109 form one
Light carries radio frequency transmission link, and the polarised light that the narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser 101 exports passes through polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102, polarization-maintaining
The output light of the port of 102 high-power output of fiber coupler enters Single-Mode Fiber Coupling after intensity type optical modulator 104
In device 106, the output light of 106 high-power output port of single-mode optical-fibre coupler is incident after rare-earth doped optical fibre 108 to be measured
Onto photodetector 109, the small-signal output port of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102 and single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106 output
Optical signal respectively enter in photodetector 1 and photodetector 2 107, the two photodetectors by optical signal turn
Become electric signal and adjusted all the time in linear come the operating point of intensity type optical modulator 104 by modulator driver 105
In the range of system；The radiofrequency signal that the signal source 201 exports is divided into two-way radiofrequency signal after power splitter 202, and radio frequency is believed all the way
Number it is loaded on intensity type optical modulator 104, will exports a light on the rf-signal modulation to light wave and carry radiofrequency signal.The light
Radiofrequency signal is carried to incide after testing fiber 108 on photodetector 3 109.Photodetector 109 changes optical signal
Into radiofrequency signal and enter the rf inputs of frequency mixer 203, the another way radiofrequency signal of power splitter 202 enters frequency mixer 203
Local oscillator input, the output of frequency mixer 203 is a d. c. voltage signal, and the d. c. voltage signal passes through low pass filter 204
Enter data acquisition and signal transacting after filtering and display module 205 carries out data sampling and processing and by the refraction of testing fiber
Rate is shown by display ＆ control system.The coupling ratio of the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102 is 1:99, the single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106
Coupling ratio be 1:99.The principle of the rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry of the present invention is as follows：
Radiofrequency signal is transmitted in a fiber, radiofrequency signal reach photodetector 109 phase can with fiber lengths and
The change of refractive index and change.Carried when testing fiber not to be linked into above-mentioned light in radio frequency transmission link, measurement radiofrequency signal arrives
Up to the phase of photodetector 109Then testing fiber is linked into above-mentioned light to carry in radio frequency transmission link, measurement again is penetrated
Frequency signal reaches the phase of photodetector 109Testing fiber can be obtained by according to the length of phase difference and testing fiber
Refractive index.
Assuming that the frequency of signal source output signal is f, the signal obtains two identical microwave letters after power splitter 202
Number, wherein being directly entered the local oscillator input of IQ frequency mixers 203 as local oscillation signal all the way, the signal is represented by：
VoFor signal amplitude,For the initial phase of signal.The another way signal of power splitter output passes through intensity type optical modulator
Light is obtained after 104 and carries radiofrequency signal, when a length is L, refractive index is that n rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 108 is linked into test system
In the fiber link of system, the change of light load radiofrequency signal phase will be caused, the variable quantity of phase is：
C is the light velocity in formula, thus causes the radiofrequency signal that photodetector 109 exports to be represented by：
After the radiofrequency signal enters IQ frequency mixers, the signal is divided into two-way by frequency mixer, and signal is penetrated as the input of I roads all the way
Frequency signal is mixed with local oscillation signal, another way signal after 90 degree of phase shifts as Q roads input radio frequency signal also with local oscillator
Signal is mixed, then I roads output signal is represented by：
Q roads output signal is represented by：
The two-way direct current signal that frequency mixer exports is divided by and can obtained：
Thus, the refractive index that can obtain rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is：
When because the optical fibre device in test system is all general single mode fiber, and containing radio-frequency cable, therefore measuring
The phase value for needing to introduce these devices deducts.Therefore, during measurement, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured system is not linked into first
In, the proper phase value that test system is obtained according to frequency mixer isAfter testing fiber 108 is linked into test system, then
The secondary phase value that radiofrequency signal is measured by test systemThen the phase changing capacity as caused by rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured isI.e.Thus, the refractive index that can obtain rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is：
From above formula, two DC voltage values exported according to IQ frequency mixers can be obtained by the folding of current testing fiber
Penetrate rate.The amplitude jitter of two paths of signals of the measurement result of this method with entering IQ frequency mixers is insensitive, and this is greatly reduced
The influence of optical signal shake and the influence of environmental factor to optical fibre refractivity measurement result.The phase measurement accuracy of IQ frequency mixers
Up to 0.05 °, when radio frequency signal frequency is 20MHz, and the length of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is 1m, refraction proposed by the present invention
Rate measurement sensitivity is up to 0.002.From formula (7), frequency an order of magnitude can of radiofrequency signal is improved by refractive index
Measurement sensitivity improve an order of magnitude.From formula (7) it can further be seen that the frequency of radiofrequency signal is higher, light to be measured can be made
Fine length shortens to improve the accuracy of testing fiber linear measure longimetry.Due to measuring its refraction with very short optical fiber can
Rate, the refractive index variation with temperature situation of the temperature coefficient of optical fibre refractivity, i.e. optical fiber can also be measured in this way.
The measuring method of the rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：A segment length is chosen as 1m or so rare-earth doped optical fibre and its length is accurately measured.System
After upper electricity；
Step 2：Signal source is opened, signal source frequency is arranged to f (being, for example, 20MHz), first not by testing fiber
108 are linked into measuring system, and measure radiofrequency signal by test system reaches the rf inputs of IQ frequency mixers 203 from signal source
When phase valueThe value is the proper phase value of test system, and the purpose of the step is that do not having to obtain test system
During rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, middle signal source end is to the proper phase value between IQ frequency mixer rf inputs, so as to follow-up
Data processing eliminates the system proper phase value；
Step 3：Testing fiber 108 is linked between single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106 and photodetector 109, due to light
The increase of fine length, radiofrequency signal from signal source reach photodetector when its phase will change, again by test be
The phase value of unified test amount radiofrequency signalThe phase value contains the proper phase value of test systemTherefore by rare earth to be measured
Phase changing capacity is caused by doped fiber
Step 4：Pass through calculatingAnd the refractive index of rare earth doped fiber to be measured can be obtained according to formula (8).
Although the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art
Personnel are it will be appreciated that the present invention, but the present invention is not limited only to the scope of embodiment, to the common skill of the art
For art personnel, as long as long as various change in the spirit and scope of the invention that appended claim limits and determines, one
The innovation and creation using present inventive concept are cut in the row of protection.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of measuring method of the measuring system of the refractive index based on rare-earth doped optical fibre, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：A segment length is chosen as 1m or so rare-earth doped optical fibre and its length is accurately measured.System electrification
Afterwards；
Step 2：Signal source is opened, signal source frequency is arranged to f (being, for example, 20MHz), first not by testing fiber 108
Be linked into measuring system, by test system measure radiofrequency signal from signal source reach IQ 203 rf inputs of frequency mixer when
Phase valueThe value is the proper phase value of test system, and the purpose of the step is not being treated to obtain test system
When surveying rare-earth doped optical fibre, middle signal source end to the proper phase value between IQ frequency mixer rf inputs, subsequently to count
The system proper phase value is eliminated according in processing；
Step 3：Testing fiber 108 is linked between single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106 and photodetector 109, because optical fiber is grown
The increase of degree, radiofrequency signal from signal source reach photodetector when its phase will change, surveyed again by test system
Measure the phase value of radiofrequency signalThe phase value contains the proper phase value of test systemTherefore by be measured rear-earth-doped
Phase changing capacity is caused by optical fiber
Step 4：Pass through calculatingAnd the refractive index of rare earth doped fiber to be measured can be obtained according to formula (8).
The operation principle of measurement is as follows：
Radiofrequency signal is transmitted in a fiber, and the phase that radiofrequency signal reaches photodetector (109) can be with fiber lengths and folding
Penetrate the change of rate and change.Carried when testing fiber not to be linked into light in radio frequency transmission link, measurement radiofrequency signal reaches photoelectricity
The phase of detector (109)Then testing fiber is linked into above-mentioned light to carry in radio frequency transmission link, measures radio frequency letter again
The phase of number arrival photodetector (109)The folding of testing fiber can be obtained according to the length of phase difference and testing fiber
Penetrate rate.
Assuming that the frequency of signal source output signal is f, the signal obtains two identical microwave signals after power splitter (202),
The local oscillator input of IQ frequency mixers (203) is wherein directly entered as local oscillation signal all the way, the signal is represented by：
VoFor signal amplitude,For the initial phase of signal.The another way signal of power splitter output passes through intensity type optical modulator
(104) light is obtained after and carries radiofrequency signal, when a length is L, refractive index is that n rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured (108) is linked into survey
In the fiber link of test system, the change of light load radiofrequency signal phase will be caused, the variable quantity of phase is：
C is the light velocity in formula, thus causes the radiofrequency signal that photodetector (109) exports to be represented by：
After the radiofrequency signal enters IQ frequency mixers, the signal is divided into two-way by frequency mixer, and signal is believed as I roads input radio frequency all the way
Number be mixed with local oscillation signal, another way signal after 90 degree of phase shifts as Q roads input radio frequency signal also with local oscillation signal
It is mixed, then I roads output signal is represented by：
Q roads output signal is represented by：
The two-way direct current signal that frequency mixer exports is divided by and can obtained：
Thus, the refractive index that can obtain rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is：
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Needed when because the optical fibre device in test system is all general single mode fiber, and containing radio-frequency cable, therefore measuring
The phase value that these devices are introduced deducts.Therefore, during measurement, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is not linked into first in system,
The proper phase value that test system is obtained according to frequency mixer isAfter testing fiber 108 is linked into test system, lead to again
Cross the phase value of test system measurement radiofrequency signalThen the phase changing capacity as caused by rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is
I.e.Thus, the refractive index that can obtain rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is：
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| CN110030921A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-19 | 北方工业大学 | Shearing-quantity-adjustable transmission-type dual-frequency laser differential interference measuring device and method |
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| CN108759879A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of wavelength resolver based on grating sensor |
| CN108562311B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-08-20 | 浙江大学 | A kind of location resolution device of photosensor array |
| CN110030921A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-19 | 北方工业大学 | Shearing-quantity-adjustable transmission-type dual-frequency laser differential interference measuring device and method |
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