CN107356412B - A kind of measurement method of the measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index - Google Patents
A kind of measurement method of the measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356412B CN107356412B CN201710612432.1A CN201710612432A CN107356412B CN 107356412 B CN107356412 B CN 107356412B CN 201710612432 A CN201710612432 A CN 201710612432A CN 107356412 B CN107356412 B CN 107356412B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/35—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides in which light is transversely coupled into or out of the fibre or waveguide, e.g. using integrating spheres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/33—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter being disposed at one fibre or waveguide end-face, and a light receiver at the other end-face
- G01M11/333—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter being disposed at one fibre or waveguide end-face, and a light receiver at the other end-face using modulated input signals
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement method of measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index, mainly solve that existing measuring system measuring speed is slow, and measurement accuracy is low, the poor problem of environment resistant jamming performance.The present invention is by using a kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system, including narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, photodetector one, intensity type optical modulator, modulator driver, single-mode optical-fibre coupler, photodetector two, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, photodetector three, signal source, the technical solution of power splitter, IQ frequency mixer, low-pass filter, data signal sampling and processing and display module, it preferably solves the problems, such as this, can be used for the measurement of rare-earth doped optical fibre.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement methods of measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index.
Background technique
The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre is to influence the important indicator of rare-earth doped optical fibre performance.Optical fibre refractivity coefficient
Measurement is the important research direction of Optical fibre parametric measurement technology, and conventional measuring methods are all by pulse delay method, phase shift method, mould
The methods of field diameter method and white light interference realize that these measurement method system costs are high, and there are larger fluctuation, environment resistant precision
Jamming performance is poor, will affect the accuracy of measurement result.
For another example the invention discloses evanscent field coupling refractions between a kind of optical fiber fibre by 105044030 A of Chinese patent literature CN
Rate meter and its detection method, including light source, fibre optical sensor probe, fiber coupler/circulator, the first photodetector,
Two photodetectors and data acquisition and processing module；Fibre optical sensor probe includes parallel arrangement and being carved with of being closely affixed is inclined
The optical fiber and D-type optical fiber of oblique fiber grating, light source pass through fiber coupler/circulator and the optical fiber one for being carved with inclined optical fiber grating
End connection, the optical fiber for being carved with inclined optical fiber grating are connect by fiber coupler/circulator with the second photodetector input terminal,
One end of D-type optical fiber by single mode optical fiber connect the first photodetector input terminal, be carved with inclined optical fiber grating optical fiber and
One end that fiber coupler/circulator connection one end is connect with D-type optical fiber and the first photodetector is in the same side；First light
Electric explorer and the second photodetector are separately connected data acquisition and processing module.Although the device has refractometry essence
Higher advantage is spent, but environment resistant jamming performance is poor, influences testing result.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to existing measuring system measuring speed is slow, measurement accuracy is low, and environment resistant is dry
The poor problem of immunity energy provides a kind of new rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system and its measurement method.It is dilute using this
It is fast that native doped fiber refractometry system has a measuring speed, and measurement accuracy is high, and is not influenced etc. by environmental factor excellent
Point.
A kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index measurement method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: choosing the rare-earth doped optical fibre that a segment length is 1m or so and carries out precise measurement to its length.System
After powering on；
Step 2: signal source is opened, and f (for example, 20MHz) is set by signal source frequency, first not by testing fiber
108 are linked into measuring system, measure radiofrequency signal by test macro and reach 203 rf inputs of IQ frequency mixer from signal source
When phase valueThe value is the proper phase value of test macro, and the purpose of the step is that test macro is not having in order to obtain
When rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, middle signal source end is to the proper phase value between IQ frequency mixer rf inputs, so as to subsequent
Data processing eliminates the system proper phase value；
Step 3: testing fiber 108 is linked between single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106 and photodetector 109, due to light
The increase of fine length, its phase will change when radiofrequency signal reaches photodetector from signal source, be again by test
The phase value of unified test amount radiofrequency signalThe phase value contains the proper phase value of test macroTherefore by rare earth to be measured
Phase changing capacity caused by doped fiber is
Step 4: pass through calculatingAnd the refractive index of rare earth doped fiber to be measured can be obtained according to formula (8).
The working principle of measurement is as follows:
Radiofrequency signal is transmitted in a fiber, and the phase that radiofrequency signal reaches photodetector can be with fiber lengths and refraction
The variation of rate and change.It is carried in radio frequency transmission link when testing fiber not to be linked into above-mentioned light, measurement radiofrequency signal reaches light
The phase of electric explorerThen testing fiber is linked into above-mentioned light to carry in radio frequency transmission link, measures radiofrequency signal again
Reach the phase of photodetectorIt can be obtained by the refractive index of testing fiber according to the length of phase difference and testing fiber.
Assuming that the frequency of signal source output signal is f, which obtains two identical microwave signals after power splitter, wherein making all the way
The local oscillator input terminal of IQ frequency mixer is directly entered for local oscillation signal, which may be expressed as:
VoFor signal amplitude,For the initial phase of signal.The another way signal of power splitter output passes through intensity type light modulation
Light is obtained after device and carries radiofrequency signal, and when a length is L, refractive index is that the rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured of n is linked into test macro
In optical fiber link, the variation that the light will be caused to carry radiofrequency signal phase, the variable quantity of phase are as follows:
C is the light velocity in formula, and the radiofrequency signal for thus causing photodetector 109 to export may be expressed as:
After the radiofrequency signal enters IQ frequency mixer, which is divided into two-way by frequency mixer, and signal is penetrated as the input of the road I all the way
Frequency signal is mixed with local oscillation signal, another way signal after 90 degree of phase shifts as the road Q input radio frequency signal also with local oscillator
Signal is mixed, then the road I output signal may be expressed as:
The road Q output signal may be expressed as:
The two-way direct current signal that frequency mixer exports is divided by and can be obtained:
The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured can be obtained as a result, are as follows:
When since the optical fibre device in test macro is all general single mode fiber, and containing radio-frequency cable, therefore measuring
The phase value for introducing these devices is needed to deduct.Therefore, when measurement, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured system is not linked into first
In, it is according to the proper phase value that frequency mixer obtains test macroAfter testing fiber 108 is linked into test macro, then
The secondary phase value that radiofrequency signal is measured by test macroThen the phase changing capacity as caused by rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured isI.e.The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured can be obtained as a result, are as follows:
。
A kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system, including narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, light
Electric explorer one, intensity type optical modulator, modulator driver, single-mode optical-fibre coupler, photodetector two, rare earth to be measured are mixed
Veiling glare fibre, photodetector three, signal source, power splitter, IQ frequency mixer, low-pass filter, data signal sampling and processing and aobvious
Show module, the narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, photodetector one, intensity type optical modulator, modulator
Driver, single-mode optical-fibre coupler, photodetector two, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, photodetector three constitute a light and carry
The polarised light of radio frequency transmission link, the narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser output passes through polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler
The output light of the port of high-power output enters in single-mode optical-fibre coupler after intensity type optical modulator, Single-Mode Fiber Coupling
The output light of the high-power output port of device is incident on photodetector after rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, the polarization maintaining optical fibre
Coupler and the optical signal of the small signal output port output of single-mode optical-fibre coupler respectively enter photodetector one and photoelectricity spy
It surveys in device two, the two photodetectors convert optical signals into electric signal and by modulator driver come so that intensity type light
The operating point of modulator is within the scope of linear modulation always；The radiofrequency signal of the signal source output is divided into two after power splitter
Road radiofrequency signal, radiofrequency signal is loaded on intensity type optical modulator all the way, will be exported on the rf-signal modulation to light wave
One light carries radiofrequency signal.The light carries radiofrequency signal and is incident on photodetector three after testing fiber, and photodetector will
Optical signal is converted into radiofrequency signal and enters the rf inputs of frequency mixer, and the another way radiofrequency signal of power splitter enters frequency mixer
Local oscillator input terminal, the output of frequency mixer is a d. c. voltage signal, and the d. c. voltage signal is after low-pass filter filters
Data sampling and processing is carried out into data signal sampling and processing and display module and the refractive index of testing fiber is passed through into aobvious control
System is shown.
Preferably, the coupling ratio of the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is 1:99.
Preferably, the coupling ratio of the single-mode optical-fibre coupler is 1:99.
The present invention uses IQ frequency mixer, and the phase measurement accuracy of IQ frequency mixer is up to 0.050, when radio frequency signal frequency is
20MHz, when the length of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is 1m, refractometry sensitivity of the invention is up to 0.002.Radiofrequency signal
Frequency it is higher, the length of testing fiber can be made to shorten to improve the accuracy of testing fiber linear measure longimetry；The present invention according to
Two DC voltage values of IQ frequency mixer output can be obtained by the refractive index of current testing fiber.The measurement result of this method
Insensitive with the amplitude jitter for the two paths of signals for entering IQ frequency mixer, this greatly reduces optical signal shake and environmental factors
Influence the influence to optical fibre refractivity measurement result.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system schematic block diagram of the present invention.
In attached drawing:
101, narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser 102, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103, photodetector one
104, intensity type optical modulator 105, modulator driver 106, single-mode optical-fibre coupler
107, photodetector 2 108, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 109, photodetector three
201, signal source 202, power splitter 203, IQ frequency mixer
204, low-pass filter 205, data signal sampling and processing and display module
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that following specific embodiments are only
For illustrating the present invention rather than limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system, including narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser 101, polarization-maintaining
Fiber coupler 102, photodetector 1, intensity type optical modulator 104, modulator driver 105, Single-Mode Fiber Coupling
Device 106, photodetector 2 107, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 108, photodetector 3 109, signal source 201, power splitter
202, IQ frequency mixer 203, low-pass filter 204, data signal sampling and processing and display module 205, the narrow linewidth DFB swash
Light device 101, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102, photodetector 1, intensity type optical modulator 104, modulator driver 105,
Single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106, photodetector 2 107, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 108, photodetector 3 109 constitute one
Light carries radio frequency transmission link, and the polarised light that the narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser 101 exports passes through polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102, polarization-maintaining
The output light of the port of the high-power output of fiber coupler 102 enters Single-Mode Fiber Coupling after intensity type optical modulator 104
In device 106, the output light of the high-power output port of single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106 is incident after rare-earth doped optical fibre 108 to be measured
Onto photodetector 109, the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102 and the output of the small signal output port of single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106
Optical signal respectively enter in photodetector 1 and photodetector 2 107, the two photodetectors by optical signal turn
Become electric signal and by modulator driver 105 come so that the operating point of intensity type optical modulator 104 is in linear tune always
In range processed；The radiofrequency signal that the signal source 201 exports is divided into two-way radiofrequency signal after power splitter 202, and radio frequency is believed all the way
It number is loaded on intensity type optical modulator 104, will export a light on the rf-signal modulation to light wave and carry radiofrequency signal.The light
Radiofrequency signal is carried to be incident on after testing fiber 108 on photodetector 3 109.Photodetector 109 converts optical signal
At radiofrequency signal and into the rf inputs of frequency mixer 203, the another way radiofrequency signal of power splitter 202 enters frequency mixer 203
Local oscillator input terminal, the output of frequency mixer 203 is a d. c. voltage signal, which passes through low-pass filter 204
Enter data signal sampling and processing after filtering and display module 205 carries out data sampling and processing and the refraction by testing fiber
Rate is shown by display & control system.The coupling ratio of the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 102 is 1:99, the single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106
Coupling ratio be 1:99.The principle of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry of the invention is as follows:
Radiofrequency signal is transmitted in a fiber, radiofrequency signal reach photodetector 109 phase can with fiber lengths and
The variation of refractive index and change.It is carried in radio frequency transmission link when testing fiber not to be linked into above-mentioned light, measurement radiofrequency signal arrives
Up to the phase of photodetector 109Then testing fiber is linked into above-mentioned light to carry in radio frequency transmission link, measurement is penetrated again
The phase of frequency signal arrival photodetector 109It can be obtained by testing fiber according to the length of phase difference and testing fiber
Refractive index.
Assuming that the frequency of signal source output signal is f, which obtains two identical microwave letters after power splitter 202
Number, wherein being directly entered the local oscillator input terminal of IQ frequency mixer 203 as local oscillation signal all the way, which be may be expressed as:
VoFor signal amplitude,For the initial phase of signal.The another way signal of power splitter output passes through intensity type light modulation
Light is obtained after device 104 and carries radiofrequency signal, and when a length is L, refractive index is that the rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured 108 of n is linked into test
In the optical fiber link of system, the variation that the light will be caused to carry radiofrequency signal phase, the variable quantity of phase are as follows:
C is the light velocity in formula, and the radiofrequency signal for thus causing photodetector 109 to export may be expressed as:
After the radiofrequency signal enters IQ frequency mixer, which is divided into two-way by frequency mixer, and signal is penetrated as the input of the road I all the way
Frequency signal is mixed with local oscillation signal, another way signal after 90 degree of phase shifts as the road Q input radio frequency signal also with local oscillator
Signal is mixed, then the road I output signal may be expressed as:
The road Q output signal may be expressed as:
The two-way direct current signal that frequency mixer exports is divided by and can be obtained:
The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured can be obtained as a result, are as follows:
When since the optical fibre device in test macro is all general single mode fiber, and containing radio-frequency cable, therefore measuring
The phase value for introducing these devices is needed to deduct.Therefore, when measurement, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured system is not linked into first
In, it is according to the proper phase value that frequency mixer obtains test macroAfter testing fiber 108 is linked into test macro, then
The secondary phase value that radiofrequency signal is measured by test macroThen the phase changing capacity as caused by rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured isI.e.The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured can be obtained as a result, are as follows:
。
From the above equation, we can see that can be obtained by the folding of current testing fiber according to two DC voltage values that IQ frequency mixer exports
Penetrate rate.The measurement result of this method and the amplitude jitter for the two paths of signals for entering IQ frequency mixer are insensitive, this is greatly reduced
The influence of optical signal shake and the influence of environmental factor to optical fibre refractivity measurement result.The phase measurement accuracy of IQ frequency mixer
Up to 0.05 °, when radio frequency signal frequency is 20MHz, and the length of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is 1m, refraction proposed by the present invention
Rate measurement sensitivity is up to 0.002.By formula (7) it is found that the frequency an order of magnitude for improving radiofrequency signal can be by refractive index
Measurement sensitivity improve an order of magnitude.From formula (7) it can further be seen that the frequency of radiofrequency signal is higher, light to be measured can be made
Fine length shortens to improve the accuracy of testing fiber linear measure longimetry.Since its refraction can be measured with very short optical fiber
Rate can also measure the temperature coefficient of optical fibre refractivity, i.e. the refractive index variation with temperature situation of optical fiber in this way.
The measurement method of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractometry system of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: choosing the rare-earth doped optical fibre that a segment length is 1m or so and carries out precise measurement to its length.System
After powering on；
Step 2: signal source is opened, and f (for example, 20MHz) is set by signal source frequency, first not by testing fiber
108 are linked into measuring system, measure radiofrequency signal by test macro and reach 203 rf inputs of IQ frequency mixer from signal source
When phase valueThe value is the proper phase value of test macro, and the purpose of the step is that test macro is not having in order to obtain
When rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured, middle signal source end is to the proper phase value between IQ frequency mixer rf inputs, so as to subsequent
Data processing eliminates the system proper phase value；
Step 3: testing fiber 108 is linked between single-mode optical-fibre coupler 106 and photodetector 109, due to light
The increase of fine length, its phase will change when radiofrequency signal reaches photodetector from signal source, be again by test
The phase value of unified test amount radiofrequency signalThe phase value contains the proper phase value of test macroTherefore by rare earth to be measured
Phase changing capacity caused by doped fiber is
Step 4: pass through calculatingAnd the refractive index of rare earth doped fiber to be measured can be obtained according to formula (8).
Although the illustrative specific embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art
Personnel are it will be appreciated that the present invention, but the present invention is not limited only to the range of specific embodiment, to the common skill of the art
For art personnel, as long as long as various change the attached claims limit and determine spirit and scope of the invention in, one
The innovation and creation using present inventive concept are cut in the column of protection.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of measurement method of the measuring system of the refractive index based on rare-earth doped optical fibre, which is characterized in that
Including narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser (101), polarization-maintaining fiber coupler (102), photodetector one (103), intensity type light tune
Device (104) processed, modulator driver (105), single-mode optical-fibre coupler (106), photodetector two (107), rare earth to be measured are mixed
Veiling glare fibre (108), photodetector three (109), signal source (201), power splitter (202), IQ frequency mixer (203), low-pass filtering
Device (204), data signal sampling and processing and display module (205)；
The following steps are included:
Step 1: choosing the rare-earth doped optical fibre that a segment length is 1m or so and carries out precise measurement to its length；System electrification
Afterwards；
Step 2: signal source is opened, and sets signal source frequency to, testing fiber (108) is not linked into measurement system first
In system, phase value when radiofrequency signal reaches IQ frequency mixer (203) rf inputs from signal source is measured by test macro,
The value be test macro proper phase value, the purpose of the step be in order to obtain test macro in no rear-earth-doped light to be measured
When fine, middle signal source end to the proper phase value between IQ frequency mixer rf inputs, so as to should in follow-up data is handled
System proper phase value is eliminated；
Step 3: testing fiber (108) is linked between single-mode optical-fibre coupler (106) and photodetector three (109), by
In the increase of fiber lengths, its phase will change when radiofrequency signal reaches photodetector three from signal source, again by
The phase value of test macro measurement radiofrequency signal, which contains the proper phase value of test macro, therefore by
Surveying phase changing capacity caused by rare-earth doped optical fibre is；
Step 4: pass through calculatingAnd the refractive index of rare earth doped fiber to be measured can be obtained according to formula (8)；
The working principle of measurement is as follows:
Radiofrequency signal is transmitted in a fiber, radiofrequency signal reach photodetector three (109) phase can with fiber lengths and
The variation of refractive index and change；It is carried in radio frequency transmission link when testing fiber not to be linked into light, measurement radiofrequency signal reaches light
The phase of electric explorer three (109)；Then testing fiber is linked into above-mentioned light to carry in radio frequency transmission link, measurement is penetrated again
Frequency signal reaches the phase of photodetector three (109), light to be measured can be obtained according to the length of phase difference and testing fiber
Fine refractive index；
Assuming that the frequency of signal source output signal is, which obtains two identical microwave signals after power splitter (202),
The local oscillator input terminal of IQ frequency mixer (203) is wherein directly entered as local oscillation signal all the way, which may be expressed as:
(1)
For signal amplitude,For the initial phase of signal；The another way signal of power splitter output passes through intensity type optical modulator
(104) light is obtained after and carries radiofrequency signal, when a length is, refractive index isRare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured (108) be linked into survey
In the optical fiber link of test system, the variation that the light will be caused to carry radiofrequency signal phase, the variable quantity of phase are as follows:
(2)
In formulaFor the light velocity, the radiofrequency signal for thus causing photodetector three (109) to export be may be expressed as:
(3)
After the radiofrequency signal enters IQ frequency mixer, which is divided into two-way by frequency mixer, and signal is believed as the road I input radio frequency all the way
Number be mixed with local oscillation signal, another way signal after 90 degree of phase shifts as the road Q input radio frequency signal also with local oscillation signal
It is mixed, then the road I output signal may be expressed as:
(4)
The road Q output signal may be expressed as:
(5)
The two-way direct current signal that frequency mixer exports is divided by and can be obtained:
(6)
The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured can be obtained as a result, are as follows:
(7)
It is needed when since the optical fibre device in test macro is all general single mode fiber, and containing radio-frequency cable, therefore measuring
The phase value that these devices are introduced deducts；Therefore, when measurement, rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured is not linked into system first,
It is according to the proper phase value that frequency mixer obtains test macro, after testing fiber (108) is linked into test macro, again
The phase value of radiofrequency signal is measured by test macro, then the phase changing capacity as caused by rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured be, i.e.,The refractive index of rare-earth doped optical fibre to be measured can be obtained as a result, are as follows:
(8)
The output of IQ frequency mixer is a d. c. voltage signal, which enters data after low-pass filter filters
Signal sampling and processing and display module carry out data sampling and processing and show the refractive index of testing fiber by display & control system
Show.
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