CN104279959A - New method for precisely measuring optical fiber length by adoption of vector network analyzer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a new method for precisely measuring optical fiber length by adoption of a vector network analyzer. The vector network analyzer is introduced, the phase zero making technology is combined, and therefore the defects that a back scattering method is poor in measuring precision, many in interference factor of a pulse method, short in measuring distance and the like are overcome, and the shortcomings that a traditional phase shifting method is narrow in frequency measuring range of a phase meter and poor in phase measuring stability are overcome; in the long-distance transmission of optical fibers, due to widening of optical pulses caused by optical fiber dispersion, time amount of optical pulse delay is replaced with the phase variable quantity generated by measuring optical signals in transmission in the optical fibers, the accuracy value of the optical fiber length is calculated, and therefore the influence of the optical fiber dispersion on a measuring result of the optical fiber length is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measuring optical fiber length technical field, in particular a kind of new method adopting the fine length of vector network analyzer precise measuring.
Background technology
Conventional optical fibre length measurement method mainly contains back-scatteringme thod, impulse method and phase-shift method three kinds, back-scatteringme thod is the back-scattering light measuring optical fiber length that Rayleigh scattering when utilizing light to transmit in a fiber and Fresnel reflection produce, the optical time domain reflectometer utilizing this principle to develop be widely used in optic communication links construction and in safeguarding.This method also exists many factors inevitably causing error, as instrument resolving power error, optical fiber group index and back scattering loss factor etc.Therefore the measuring accuracy of optical time domain reflectometer is just in rice magnitude, and along with the increase of fiber lengths, measuring error is also along with change is large; Impulse method needs the superimposed pulses process of transmission light in human eye observation's reference optical fiber and tested optical fiber, then the mistiming of two pulses is utilized to calculate the length of tested optical fiber, this method has certain limitation in automatic measurement technology field, and is not suitable for accurately measuring long optical fibers; And traditional phase-shift method is owing to being subject to the impact of phasometer frequency measurement scope and phase measurement accuracy, when measuring short fiber, measuring repeatability is poor, and measuring accuracy can only arrive decimeter level.Therefore, these three kinds of methods all cannot meet the demand of laboratory to fiber lengths Measurement accuracy.
Along with the development of optical fiber communication and optical fiber sensing technology, great dynamic range, high-precision optical fiber length measuring system have very important using value, to fiber lengths Registration, solve in optical time domain reflectometer magnitude tracing problem and seem particularly important.Optical fiber length measuring technology mainly optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) conventional at present, its ultimate principle is optical fiber incident end face detection rear orientation light and Fresnel reflection light, the electric signal obtained carries out signal transacting again, thus obtains breakpoint location.Although the method measuring distance can reach kilometer up to a hundred, measuring accuracy is very limited, and can only reach meter level.The precision of light coherent field reflection measuring set (OCDR) can reach 10 microns, and measurement dynamic range can reach a few km, but it has very high requirement to the stability of light source and coherence.The people such as Bing Qi in 2005 propose based on the asymmetric Sagnac interferometer of frequency displacement, and the method measuring accuracy can reach micron order, measure single-mode fiber dynamic range and can reach tens kms.But the frequency of its interference signal minimum point not easily reads, so software algorithm not easily realizes.The high-precision optical fiber length measuring system that the people such as Liang Jian in 2012 propose, by carrying out external modulation to DFB light source, light after modulation enters circulator and tested optical fiber and reference path respectively after beam splitter, then by reading the length obtaining tested optical fiber time delay of two paths of signals on oscillograph.During owing to measuring long-distance optical fiber, the pulse strenching that fibre-optical dispersion causes can not be ignored, therefore the method for light modulated again by pulse daley after the Optical Fiber Transmission of up to a hundred kilometers reads time delay, because the uncertainty of measurement that pulse strenching causes will be very large.Within 2013, proposing a kind of optical fiber length measuring system in person, is the length obtaining mistiming that the method be combined with pattern analysis by frequency meter reads modulating pulse tested optical fiber.The method measuring accuracy can reach centimetre-sized, and because fibre-optical dispersion causes pulse strenching, therefore measuring distance does not reach kilometer up to a hundred, is generally used to the calibration length of multimode optical fiber and the length of short distance single-mode fiber.
There is following shortcoming in prior art:
(1) measuring accuracy of optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is not high, can only reach meter level; And the measurement range of light coherent field reflection measuring set (OCDR) is too little, cannot long-distance optical fiber measurement be carried out, and very high to the requirement of light source.
(2) the high-precision optical fiber length measuring system that the people such as Liang Jian proposes is that the two-way time by adding faraday rotation mirror to measure in tested optical fiber is poor, this reduces the measurement dynamic range of system, in addition this system needs before external modulator, to add the polarization state of Polarization Controller to light signal control, and greatly have impact on measuring repeatability and the stability of system.
Therefore, prior art existing defects, needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of new method adopting the fine length of vector network analyzer precise measuring.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Adopt a new method for the fine length of vector network analyzer precise measuring, wherein, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: light path is set and connects, the light that Distributed Feedback Laser sends, after Polarization Controller and electrooptic modulator, light again after optical attenuator decay is divided into two-way light by fiber coupler, one road light is by directly passing through a branch of fiber coupler as reference light path, another road light by tested optical fiber as optical system for testing, again two ways of optical signals is accessed respectively on two photodetectors, finally the two path signal changed through photodetector is accessed respectively two ports of four port vector network analyzers;
Step 2: first when not connecing tested optical fiber, is made zero two ways of optical signals phase differential by vector network analyzer, and selects suitable frequency modulating signal scope and sample frequency to count; Tested optical fiber accessed in tested light path, vector network analyzer selects same modulation frequency range and sample frequency count and test again, and modulating frequency and the phase differential that causes because access tested optical fiber corresponding to each Frequency point is preserved, passes through formula
calculate the length value of tested optical fiber; Wherein,
the phase differential of reference path and tested light path during for not adding tested optical fiber, unit is rad,
for the phase differential of tested light path after adding tested optical fiber and reference path, unit is rad; F is the modulating frequency that vector network analyzer exports to modulator, and unit is Hz; C is light speed in a vacuum, gets c=299792458m/d here; N is the group index of testing fiber; When the tested optical fiber accessed is shorter, regulated by the luminous power of pad value to two ways of optical signals arranging optical attenuator.
The new method of the fine length of described employing vector network analyzer precise measuring, wherein, in described step 2, described two ways of optical signals phase differential zero.
Such scheme tool is adopted to have the following advantages:
1, adopting the phase place change during transmission of vector network analyzer measuring-signal, is survey frequency scope or phase measurement accuracy is all better than phasometer.
2, within the scope of survey frequency, vector network analyzer can carry out statistical measurement to the phase cycling change with frequency change automatically, and then analyzes the phase place actual phase variable quantity after by tested optical fiber.
3, adopt normalized data processing technique, reduce reference optical fiber and the phase differential that produce different with auxiliary optical fiber length to the impact of measurement result, overcome in classic method and need to carry out the difficult point of Measurement accuracy to the phase place that makes zero.
4, the Distributed Feedback Laser of multi-wavelength narrow linewidth is adopted, Measurement accuracy can be carried out in the length of four operation wavelength points to single-mode fiber, and reduce light signal in a fiber after long range propagation dispersion on the impact of measurement result, improve the measuring distance of fiber lengths, can more than 100km be reached.
5, because the dispersion of long-distance optical fiber can cause the broadening of pulse, therefore the phase changing capacity produced when this method is by measuring light signal and transmitting in a fiber replaces the time quantum of optical pulse delay, calculate the exact value of fiber lengths, thus reduce the impact that fibre-optical dispersion brings to optical fiber length measuring result.
6, with combined by figure judge pulse matching method compared with, this method can directly obtain phase differential that tested optical fiber produces and corresponding frequencies point by vector network analyzer, thus more easily realizes the automatic measurement of software.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Syndeton schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is the inventive method test.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
For the deficiency of conventional optical fibre length measurement method existence at present, the present invention is on the basis of traditional phase-shift method, by introducing vector network analyzer and in conjunction with phase RZ technology, overcome back-scatteringme thod measuring accuracy poor, the shortcomings such as impulse method disturbing factor is many, measuring distance is short, compensate for phasometer frequency measurement scope in traditional phase-shift method low, the deficiency of phase measurement poor stability.When known fiber optic group index, when optical fiber measurement length is less than 100km, measuring accuracy is better than 0.001m, and when measuring length and being greater than 100km, measuring accuracy is better than 0.01m.Specific as follows:
Light path connects as shown in Figure 1, the light that Distributed Feedback Laser 101 sends, modulate through electrooptic modulator 103 again after Polarization Controller 102, light after optical attenuator 104 is decayed is divided into two-way light by fiber coupler 105, one road light directly passes through a branch of fiber coupler as reference light path, another road light by tested optical fiber as optical system for testing, again two ways of optical signals is accessed O/E 107 respectively, O/E 106 and prime amplifier 109, on prime amplifier 108, finally the two paths of signals being converted to electric signal through photodetector is accessed in wherein two ports of four port vector network analyzers 110 respectively.Measuring process is: first when not connecing tested optical fiber, according to shown in Fig. 1, light path is connected, by vector network analyzer by the two paths of signals phase differential zero in this situation, vector network analyzer can select suitable frequency modulating signal scope and sample frequency to count in the process.Again tested optical fiber is accessed in tested light path, selects same modulation frequency range and frequency acquisition count and test, just can by modulating frequency and each Frequency point corresponding because access tested optical fiber, the phase differential that causes preserves.Finally by formula
calculate the length value of tested optical fiber; Wherein,
the phase differential of reference path and tested light path during for not adding tested optical fiber, unit is rad,
for the phase differential of tested light path after adding tested optical fiber and reference path, unit is rad; F is the modulating frequency that vector network analyzer exports to modulator, and unit is Hz; C is light speed in a vacuum, gets c=299792458m/s here; N is the group index of testing fiber.
When the tested optical fiber accessed is shorter, need to be regulated by the luminous power of optical attenuator to two paths of signals, thus avoid the luminous power of input photodetector excessive and cause its damage.Due to the impact of the polarization state of the modulation efficiency light of electrooptic modulator, therefore need to add Polarization Controller between light source and modulator, thus ensure to input the stable of polarization state.The modulation signal of modulator is undertaken applying by a port of vector network analyzer, this ensures that theres signal source consistent with receiver frequency clock, substantially increase measuring accuracy and the measuring repeatability of fiber lengths.
In above-mentioned, two ways of optical signals phase differential makes zero.
Compared with " a kind of optical fiber length measuring system and measuring method ", the present invention has following advantage:
1, adopting the phase place change during transmission of vector network analyzer measuring-signal, is survey frequency scope or phase measurement accuracy is all better than phasometer.
2, within the scope of survey frequency, vector network analyzer can carry out statistical measurement to the phase cycling change with frequency change automatically, and then analyzes the actual phase variable quantity after by tested optical fiber.
3, adopt normalized data processing technique, reduce reference optical fiber different with auxiliary optical fiber length and generation phase differential on the impact of measurement result, overcome in classic method the difficult point needing fixed phase to be carried out to Measurement accuracy.
4, the Distributed Feedback Laser of multi-wavelength narrow linewidth is adopted, Measurement accuracy can be carried out in the length of four operation wavelength points to single-mode fiber, and reduce light signal in a fiber after long range propagation dispersion on the impact of measurement result, improve the measuring distance of fiber lengths, can more than 100km be reached.
5, because the dispersion of long-distance optical fiber can cause the broadening of pulse, therefore the phase changing capacity produced when this method is by measuring light signal and transmitting in a fiber replaces the time quantum of optical pulse delay, calculate the exact value of fiber lengths, thus reduce the impact that fibre-optical dispersion brings to optical fiber length measuring result.
6, with combined by figure judge pulse matching method compared with, this method can directly obtain phase differential that tested optical fiber produces and corresponding frequencies point by vector network analyzer, thus more easily realizes the automatic measurement of software.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. adopt a new method for the fine length of vector network analyzer precise measuring, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: light path is set and connects, the light that Distributed Feedback Laser sends, after Polarization Controller and electrooptic modulator, light again after optical attenuator decay is divided into two-way light by fiber coupler, one road light is by directly passing through a branch of fiber coupler as reference light path, another road light by tested optical fiber as optical system for testing, again two ways of optical signals is accessed respectively on two photodetectors, finally the two path signal changed through photodetector is accessed respectively two ports of four port vector network analyzers;
Step 2: first when not connecing tested optical fiber, by vector network analyzer, two ways of optical signals phase differential is made zero, and select suitable frequency modulating signal scope (generally getting 9kHz ~ 2GHz) and sample frequency to count (generally getting 801 points), ensure that the phase differential change after incoming fiber optic is no more than 2 π; Again tested optical fiber is accessed in tested light path, vector network analyzer selects the modulation frequency range identical with when not connecing tested optical fiber and sample frequency count and test, the phase differential that modulating frequency and each Frequency point cause because of access tested optical fiber is preserved, passes through formula
calculate the length value of tested optical fiber; Wherein,
the phase differential of reference path and tested light path during for not adding tested optical fiber, unit is rad,
for the phase differential of tested light path after adding tested optical fiber and reference path, unit is rad; F is the modulating frequency that vector network analyzer exports to modulator, and unit is Hz; C is light speed in a vacuum, c=299792458m/s; N is the group index of testing fiber; When the tested optical fiber accessed is shorter, regulated by the luminous power of pad value to two ways of optical signals arranging optical attenuator.
2. the new method adopting the fine length of vector network analyzer precise measuring as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 2, and described two ways of optical signals phase differential zero.
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| CN104570214A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 上海交通大学 | High-precision long-distance fiber delay line manufacture auxiliary device and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104849585A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | System and method for optical device S parameter measurement based on vector network analyzer |
| TWI572152B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2017-02-21 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | Optical fiber chromatic dispersion monitoring system |
| CN106595492A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-04-26 | 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 | High resolution fiber length measurement device and method |
| CN106770029A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of face type optic fibre refractive index sensor array measurement system and method |
| CN107356412A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-17 | 苏州润桐专利运营有限公司 | A kind of measuring method of the measuring system based on rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index |
| CN107402118A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-28 | 苏州润桐专利运营有限公司 | A kind of measuring system of rare-earth doped optical fibre refractive index |
| CN108151641A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-12 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | The length measurement method and equipment of a kind of radio-frequency transmission line |
| CN108801153A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-13 | 苏州六幺四信息科技有限责任公司 | Optical fibre length measurement method and measuring device |
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| CN114285484B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-03-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十四研究所 | Preparation method of high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier |
| CN114285484A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十四研究所 | Preparation method of high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier |
| CN114665957A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | System and method for measuring refractive index of optical fiber |
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