CN107339583B - Self-centering type laser tripod - Google Patents

Self-centering type laser tripod Download PDF

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CN107339583B
CN107339583B CN201710649787.8A CN201710649787A CN107339583B CN 107339583 B CN107339583 B CN 107339583B CN 201710649787 A CN201710649787 A CN 201710649787A CN 107339583 B CN107339583 B CN 107339583B
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horizontal
vertical
rotating
self
transmission shaft
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CN107339583A (en
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夏开宗
陈从新
邓洋洋
郑允�
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Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics of CAS
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Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics of CAS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/24Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
    • F16M11/26Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other by telescoping, with or without folding
    • F16M11/32Undercarriages for supports with three or more telescoping legs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/002Active optical surveying means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C17/00Compasses; Devices for ascertaining true or magnetic north for navigation or surveying purposes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-centering laser tripod which comprises a base, a support and a laser self-testing device. The upper end of the bracket is connected with the bottom of the base, the center of the base is provided with a laser self-testing device, the vertical rotation angle recorder is arranged on the horizontal rotating rollers and is arranged in the guide groove, and the two horizontal rotating rollers are connected through the horizontal transmission shaft; the outer edge of the guide groove is provided with a horizontal self-induction type dial; the middle part of the horizontal transmission shaft is provided with a horizontal rotating device and a vertical rotating device; the horizontal rotating device is connected to the clamping groove on the vertical rotating device through a vertical transmission rod; the rotary hemisphere is axially arranged on the horizontal transmission shaft. The invention has simple structure, novel and reasonable design and convenient use, can convert the relative coordinates of the centering point and the base point by automatically recording the distance between the base point and the centering point and horizontally and vertically rotating angles during centering, saves the complex steps of manual repeated leveling and centering, improves the working efficiency and is particularly suitable for rapid measurement of complex terrains.

Description

Self-centering laser tripod
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tripod for GPS measurement, in particular to a laser self-centering type tripod for GPS measurement.
Background
In the dynamic or static measurement process of the GPS, a tripod needs to be erected above a ground measuring station, after the center of the base is centered with the ground measuring station, the GPS receiver is fixed at a measuring point coordinate above the tripod. Centering and leveling are two main links in the tripod erecting process and are divided into primary centering and leveling and accurate centering and leveling. When an operator judges that the tripod is initially centered and leveled by visual inspection with naked eyes, the error of the initial centering and the initial leveling of the tripod is large due to inaccurate visual inspection, so that the accurate centering and leveling need to be repeatedly adjusted for many times, and even the tripod needs to be repeatedly replaced, thereby wasting time and energy and having low efficiency; meanwhile, when the height from a base point of the tripod to a measuring point is measured obliquely, a tape measure is usually adopted for measurement, the artificial influence factor is large, and the measurement error is increased. Particularly, in a complex mountain terrain, the vicinity of a measuring point does not have the installation condition of a traditional tripod or can not realize centering and leveling, and when the measuring points are more, the rapid and accurate positioning of the measuring point is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a laser self-centering type laser tripod which is simple in structure, novel and reasonable in design and convenient to use, can quickly measure the relative coordinates from a base point of the tripod base to a measuring point, does not need artificial optical centering, improves the working efficiency and the measuring precision, and is more suitable for measuring complex terrains which are not convenient to erect the tripod near the measuring point or are difficult to center.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a self-centering laser tripod comprises a base (1), a fixing bolt (2), a support (3) and a laser self-testing device (4), wherein the base (1) is installed at the top end of the support (3) in a triangular symmetry manner, the fixing bolt (2) is installed at about 1/3 of the lower end of the support (3), and the laser self-testing device (4) is installed in the middle of the base (1); the laser self-testing device (4) comprises a guide groove (401), a horizontal rotating roller (402), a horizontal self-sensing dial (403), an upper connecting rod (404), a vertical rotating angle recorder (405), a horizontal transmission shaft (406), a horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407), a vertical rotating device (408), a horizontal rotating device (409), a rotating hemisphere (410), a vertical connecting rod (411), a laser range finder (412), a vertical transmission rod (413) and a clamping groove (414); the laser measuring device comprises a guide groove (401), two horizontal rotating rollers (402), a vertical rotating angle recorder (405), a horizontal transmission shaft (406), a horizontal self-induction dial (403), a laser and a measuring point, wherein the two horizontal rotating rollers (402) are arranged in the guide groove (401) and are connected through the horizontal transmission shaft (406), the vertical rotating angle recorder (405) is arranged on the horizontal rotating rollers (402) and is vertical to the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and the outer edge of the guide groove (401) is provided with the horizontal self-induction dial (403) for automatically recording the rotating angle beta of the horizontal rotating rollers (402) when the laser is aligned with the measuring point; the rotating hemisphere (410) is arranged on the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and the axis of the rotating hemisphere is parallel to the horizontal transmission shaft (406); the middle part of the horizontal transmission shaft (406) is provided with a vertical rotating device (408), the lower end of the horizontal transmission shaft (406) is connected to the axis of a rotating hemisphere (410) through a vertical connecting rod (411), and a laser range finder (412) is arranged right below the rotating hemisphere (410); the upper end of the horizontal rotating device (409) is arranged on an upper horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407) of the horizontal rotating device, the horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407) is fixed with the base (1) through an upper connecting rod (404), and the lower end of the horizontal rotating device (409) is connected into a clamping groove (414) on the vertical rotating device (408) through a vertical transmission rod (413); the clamping groove (414) is a semicircular clamping groove which is arranged on the vertical rotating device (408) and is coaxial with the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and when the vertical rotating device (408) drives the horizontal transmission shaft (406) to rotate around a horizontal axis, the lower end of the vertical transmission rod (413) can relatively slide in the clamping groove (414) to enable the vertical transmission rod (413) to keep a vertical state.
The self-testing type north arrow (105) is horizontally arranged on the base (1) and comprises a self-testing type dial (1051) and a north arrow (1052), and the pointing scale of the north arrow can be automatically measured.
The vertical rotation angle recorder (405) comprises a vertical self-induction type dial (4051), a ball (4052), a ball groove (4053) and a hub (4054), and the vertical rotation angle recorder (405) is connected with the horizontal transmission shaft (406) through the hub (4054).
The rotating hemisphere (410) is axially mounted on the horizontal transmission shaft (406) and can rotate around the horizontal transmission shaft (406).
The fixing bolt (2) and the bracket (3) have basically the same structural characteristics as those of the Chinese patent CN 204756358U.
The basic principle of the self-centering laser tripod for working is as follows:
when the instrument is produced and checked, the scale 0-degree line on the self-measuring scale disc (1051), the horizontal self-sensing scale disc (403) and the north pointer (1052) in the self-measuring north pointer (105) are coincided with the true north direction, and the scale 0-degree line on the vertical self-sensing scale disc (4051) in the vertical rotation angle recorder (405) is parallel to the vertical axis of the rotating hemisphere (410). When the instrument during operation, fix the tripod near the measurement station, loosen fixing bolt (2), adjust tripod support (3) and make the preliminary level of tripod, fix fixing bolt (2), adjust flattening bolt (101) and make the level bubble placed in the middle, accomplish the flattening work of tripod. The laser is aligned to the measuring point by operating a horizontal rotating device (409) and a vertical rotating device (408), and the distance S from a base point to the measuring point when the laser is aligned to the measuring point is automatically recorded (the direction is positive upwards, and is negative otherwise); when the horizontal rotating device (409) rotates, the vertical transmission rod (413) and the vertical rotating device (408) drive the horizontal transmission shaft (406) and the horizontal rotating roller (402) to rotate, and the horizontal self-induction dial (403) can automatically record the rotating angle beta of the horizontal rotating roller (402); the laser range finder (412) is fixed under the axis of the rotating hemisphere (410), and when the vertical rotating device (408) drives the horizontal transmission shaft (406) and the rotating hemisphere (410) to rotate around the axis of the horizontal rotating roller (402), the vertical rotating angle recorder (405) in the horizontal rotating roller (402) can automatically record the angle theta of the laser range finder (412) rotating in the vertical axial direction; the self-testing north arrow (105) can automatically record the angle alpha of the north arrow rotating with the 0-degree scale line. The relative coordinates of the measuring point P to the base point P' can be calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001367194770000041
and then, according to the measured coordinate of the base point P', the coordinate of the measuring point P can be obtained through conversion, the method omits the complicated steps of repeated manual leveling and centering and height measurement, improves the working efficiency and the measurement precision, and is particularly suitable for rapid measurement of complex terrains.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention has simple structure, novel and reasonable design and convenient use.
2. The laser distance measuring device can control the laser distance measuring instrument right below the rotating hemisphere to be aligned with the measuring point by matching the horizontal rotating device and the vertical rotating device, so that the base point and the measuring point can be quickly centered, time and labor are saved, and the working efficiency is improved.
3. According to the invention, the relative coordinate of the measuring point P on the base point P' can be calculated by automatically recording the rotating angle alpha of the self-measuring type compass dial, the rotating angle beta of the horizontal self-sensing dial, the rotating angle theta of the vertical self-sensing dial and the distance S between the measuring point and the base point during laser centering, a tripod does not need to be erected right above the measuring point, and the application range of the tripod in the use of complex terrains is enhanced.
4. The invention uses the laser range finder and the self-induction type dial without optical centering, reduces the operation link and the influence of human factors and improves the measurement precision.
5. The method is simple, and the adopted device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture, low cost and good use effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the base of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the laser self-test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a laser self-test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the self-test compass of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical rotation angle recorder of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1-a base, 2-a fixing bolt, 3-a bracket and 4-a laser self-testing device;
101-leveling bolt, 102-locking knob, 103-horizontal bubble, 104-connecting jack, 105-self-testing north pointer;
1051-self-testing scale, 1052-north arrow;
401-guide way, 402-horizontal rotating roller, 403-horizontal self-sensing dial, 404-upper connecting rod, 405-vertical rotating angle recorder, 406-horizontal transmission shaft, 407-horizontal rotating device fixing plate, 408-vertical rotating device, 409-horizontal rotating device, 410-rotating hemisphere, 411-vertical connecting rod, 412-laser range finder, 413-vertical transmission rod, 414-card slot;
4051-vertical self-sensing dial, 4052-ball, 4053-ball groove, 4054-hub.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the laser self-testing device mainly comprises a base (1), fixing bolts (2), supports (3) and a laser self-testing device (4), the fixing bolts (2) and the supports (3) have the same structural characteristics as those described in Chinese patent CN 204756358U, the number of the supports (3) is three, the supports are sleeved in two sections, and the fixing bolts (2) are installed at the top of one section below the supports (3).
Referring to fig. 2, the base (1) mainly comprises a leveling bolt (101), a locking knob (102), a horizontal bubble (103), a connecting jack (104) and a self-testing north-seeking pointer (105); the laser self-testing device (4) is arranged in the middle of the base (1); the leveling bolt (101) and the horizontal bubble (103) are matched to be used for adjusting the tripod to be in a horizontal state; the measuring instrument is placed on the base (1), and the connecting jack (104) and the locking knob (102) are used for fixing the measuring instrument.
Referring to fig. 3, the laser self-testing device (4) includes a guide groove (401), a horizontal rotation roller (402), a horizontal self-sensing dial (403), an upper connecting rod (404), a vertical rotation angle recorder (405), a horizontal transmission shaft (406), a horizontal rotation device fixing plate (407), a vertical rotation device (408), a horizontal rotation device (409), a rotation hemisphere (410), a vertical connecting rod (411), a laser range finder (412), a vertical transmission rod (413), and a clamping groove (414); the vertical rotation angle recorder (405) is arranged on the horizontal rotation roller (402) and is vertical to the horizontal transmission shaft (406); two horizontal rotating rollers (402) are arranged in a guide groove (401) and connected through a horizontal transmission shaft (406), a horizontal self-induction dial (403) is arranged on the outer edge of the guide groove (401), and the rotating angle beta of the horizontal rotating rollers (402) can be automatically recorded when laser is aligned with a measuring point; the rotating hemisphere (410) is arranged on the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and the axis of the rotating hemisphere is parallel to the horizontal transmission shaft (406); the middle part of the horizontal transmission shaft (406) is provided with a vertical rotating device (408), the lower end of the vertical rotating device is connected to the axis of a rotating hemisphere (410) through a vertical connecting rod (411), and a laser range finder (412) is arranged right below the rotating hemisphere; the upper end of the horizontal rotating device (409) is arranged on the upper horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407), the horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407) is fixed with the base (1) through an upper connecting rod (404), and the lower end of the horizontal rotating device (409) is connected into a clamping groove (414) on the vertical rotating device (408) through a vertical transmission rod (413); the clamping groove (414) is a semicircular clamping groove which is arranged on the vertical rotating device (408) and is coaxial with the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and when the vertical rotating device (408) drives the horizontal transmission shaft (406) to rotate around a horizontal axis, the lower end of the vertical transmission rod (413) can relatively slide in the clamping groove (414) to enable the vertical transmission rod (413) to keep a vertical state.
Referring to FIG. 4, self-testing north arrow (105) includes a self-testing scale (1051) and a north arrow (1052); during checking, the scale 0-degree line and the north pointer (1052) are coincided with the true north direction, and when the laser is aligned with the measuring point, the self-measuring dial (1051) automatically records the rotating angle of the north pointer (1052).
Referring to fig. 5, the vertical rotation angle recorder (405) includes a vertical self-inductance type dial (4051), a ball (4052), a ball groove (4053) and a hub (4054), and is connected with a horizontal transmission shaft (406) through the hub (4054); when the instrument is used for production and checking, the line of 0 degree of scale is parallel to the vertical axis of the rotating hemisphere (410), and when laser is aligned with a measuring point, the vertical self-induction type dial (4051) can automatically record the rotating angle of the rotating hemisphere (410) around the horizontal transmission shaft (406).
Fixing a tripod near a measuring point, loosening a fixing bolt (2), adjusting a tripod support (3) to enable the tripod to be initially horizontal, fixing the fixing bolt (2), adjusting a leveling bolt (101) to enable a horizontal bubble to be centered, and finishing the leveling work of the tripod, wherein when an instrument leaves a factory for checking, a scale 0-degree line on a self-measuring scale (1051) in a self-measuring compass (105), a scale 0-degree line of a horizontal self-sensing scale (403) and a compass (1052) are coincided with the true north direction, and a scale 0-degree line on a vertical self-sensing scale (4051) in a vertical rotation angle recorder (405) is parallel to the vertical axis of a rotating hemisphere (410); then, the laser is aligned to the measuring point by operating a horizontal rotating device (409) and a vertical rotating device (408), the distance S from the base point to the measuring point when the laser is aligned to the measuring point is automatically recorded (the direction is positive upwards, and vice versa is negative), the angles of the horizontal rotating roller (402) and the rotating hemisphere (410) rotating along the axial line and the angles of the north arrow rotating along the 0-degree line of the scale are recorded as beta, theta and alpha respectively, and the coordinate of the measuring point P can be obtained by conversion according to the measured coordinate of the base point P':
Figure BDA0001367194770000071
it should be noted that the above-described embodiments may enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. Thus, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified and equivalents may be substituted; all the technical solutions and modifications without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present patent.

Claims (1)

1. A self-centering laser tripod comprises a base (1), a fixing bolt (2), a support (3) and a laser self-measuring device (4), and is characterized in that the base (1) is installed at the top end of the support (3) in a triangular symmetry manner, the fixing bolt (2) is installed at about 1/3 of the lower end of the support (3), and the laser self-measuring device (4) is installed in the middle of the base (1); the laser self-testing device (4) comprises a guide groove (401), a horizontal rotating roller (402), a horizontal self-sensing dial (403), an upper connecting rod (404), a vertical rotating angle recorder (405), a horizontal transmission shaft (406), a horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407), a vertical rotating device (408), a horizontal rotating device (409), a rotating hemisphere (410), a vertical connecting rod (411), a laser range finder (412), a vertical transmission rod (413) and a clamping groove (414); the laser measuring device comprises a guide groove (401), two horizontal rotating rollers (402), a vertical rotating angle recorder (405), a horizontal transmission shaft (406), a horizontal self-induction dial (403), a laser and a measuring point, wherein the two horizontal rotating rollers (402) are arranged in the guide groove (401) and are connected through the horizontal transmission shaft (406), the vertical rotating angle recorder (405) is arranged on the horizontal rotating rollers (402) and is vertical to the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and the outer edge of the guide groove (401) is provided with the horizontal self-induction dial (403) for automatically recording the rotating angle beta of the horizontal rotating rollers (402) when the laser is aligned with the measuring point; the rotating hemisphere (410) is arranged on the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and the horizontal axis of the rotating hemisphere is parallel to the horizontal transmission shaft (406); a vertical rotating device (408) is arranged in the middle of the horizontal transmission shaft (406), the lower end of the middle of the horizontal transmission shaft (406) is connected to the axis of the rotating hemisphere (410) through a vertical connecting rod (411), the vertical connecting rod (411) is overlapped with the vertical axis of the rotating hemisphere (410), and a laser range finder (412) is arranged right below the rotating hemisphere (410); the upper end of the horizontal rotating device (409) is arranged on an upper horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407) of the horizontal rotating device, the horizontal rotating device fixing plate (407) is fixed with the base (1) through an upper connecting rod (404), and the lower end of the horizontal rotating device (409) is connected into a clamping groove (414) on the vertical rotating device (408) through a vertical transmission rod (413); the clamping groove (414) is a semicircular clamping groove which is arranged on the vertical rotating device (408) and is coaxial with the horizontal transmission shaft (406), and when the vertical rotating device (408) drives the horizontal transmission shaft (406) to rotate around a horizontal axis, the lower end of the vertical transmission rod (413) can relatively slide in the clamping groove (414) to enable the vertical transmission rod (413) to keep a vertical state;
the base (1) comprises a leveling bolt (101), a locking knob (102), a horizontal bubble (103), a connecting jack (104) and a self-testing north arrow (105);
wherein, the self-testing north arrow (105) comprises a self-testing dial (1051) and a north arrow (1052), and can automatically test the direction scale of the north arrow;
the vertical rotation angle recorder (405) comprises a vertical self-inductance type dial (4051), a ball (4052), a ball groove (4053) and a hub (4054), and the vertical rotation angle recorder (405) is connected with the horizontal transmission shaft (406) through the hub (4054);
wherein, the rotating hemisphere (410) is axially arranged on the horizontal transmission shaft (406) and can rotate around the horizontal transmission shaft (406).
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CN110410648B (en) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-05 青岛理工大学 Laser range finder support
CN111102447B (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-10-19 广东工业大学 Device and method for improving erection precision and efficiency of RTK (real time kinematic) reference station
CN114216022B (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-05-06 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第四地质大队(山东省第四地质矿产勘查院) Total powerstation of surveying and mapping usefulness of geological survey point
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