CN107339362A - 船用减摇陀螺用无源倍压式阻尼装置 - Google Patents
船用减摇陀螺用无源倍压式阻尼装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
- F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
- F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
- F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
- F16F9/19—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein with a single cylinder and of single-tube type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
- F16F9/3405—Throttling passages in or on piston body, e.g. slots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/04—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using gyroscopes directly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/42—Multiple pistons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及船舶设备,尤其涉及船用减摇陀螺中阻尼系统技术水平的创新。本发明船用减摇陀螺无源倍压式阻尼装置,包括密闭的缸体,该缸体中安装有可沿缸体滑动的活塞和活塞,该活塞上连接有活塞杆,该活塞杆延伸到所述缸体的外面,所述的活塞上设置有阻尼孔,所述的缸体内注满阻尼油。该阻尼装置,依靠导杆移动时,活塞两侧缸体形腔压力的一升一降形成倍压,共同输出阻力,阻止导杆的移动。通过阻尼孔对阻尼油的局部阻力损失作用,吸收外部冲击能量,无需外设动力源,自动发挥阻尼作用。具有阻尼效果显著、结构简单、性能可靠、坚固耐用、体积小巧、维修方便等明显优势,便于大型船用减摇陀螺进入实际应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及船舶设备,尤其涉及船用减摇陀螺中阻尼装置技术水平的创新。
背景技术
减摇陀螺是船舶减摇装置的一种,其最大的特点是,具有如减摇鳍高减摇效果的同时,又能够零航速减摇,现已逐步应用在民船和兵船上。减摇陀螺依靠大质量且高速转动的转子输出稳定动量矩来抑制船舶摇摆。船用减摇陀螺主要由转子、框架、基座、阻尼装置等构成。设置阻尼装置,是为了陀螺起动时,转子在较长的起动时间里平稳地达到额定的转速,建立起设定的动量矩,也为了在陀螺工作过程中,缓和设备本身各器件及与船体连接处的冲击。现行阻尼装置,使用的是液压油缸式的。而液压油缸本身体积比较庞大,而且因框架旋转角度的不同,需施加的阻尼力矩也必须不同,所以需为液压油缸配置复杂的转角检测系统和液压元器件及连接管路,对于较大的减摇陀螺,还要配置液压泵和电机。这不仅需要额外增加能源消耗和制造、运行成本,更使机构变得复杂,体积庞大,维修困难。之于此,使大型减摇陀螺难以进入实际应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述不足,本发明的目的是要提供一种船用减摇陀螺无源倍压式阻尼装置,它具有体积小、可靠性好、坚固耐用、维修率低,无源自动倍压阻尼的特点。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明解决技术问题的方案是:船用减摇陀螺用无源倍压式阻尼装置,包括密闭的缸体,缸体内注满阻尼油。在缸体中安装有可滑动的双活塞,活塞连接着导杆,该导杆延伸到所述缸体的外面。所述的双活塞每个活塞上设置有阻尼孔,当导杆受拉或受压时,油缸内的阻尼油流经设计的阻尼孔和双活塞中的空腔,通过局部阻力损失作用,吸收外部冲击能量,从而达到自动阻尼作用。
采用上述方案后,当外力带动导杆及其双活塞运动时,由于双活塞外侧两边腔体的容积一侧增大,另一侧减小;一侧压力相应上升,另一侧压力相应下降,且两侧变化的压力,都是阻止外力带动导杆运动,形成倍压作用。由于双活塞上的阻尼孔和空腔对流经其间阻尼油的压力衰减,与阻尼油流速——即导杆的移动速度的平方成正比,故当导杆移动速度超出设定移动速度后,其阻尼力会迅速上升,此特性正符合了减摇陀螺对阻尼系统的要求。导杆一端的活塞设计为双活塞结构,其一、增加了阻尼效果,其二、使活塞处的约束效果增强,进一步增强了导杆受压时的稳性。使用本阻尼装置,其阻尼作用完全由阻尼装置自身实现,无需外设动力源,为无源结构,具有阻尼效果显著、结构简单、性能可靠、坚固耐用、体积小巧、维修方便等明显优势,便于大型船用减摇陀螺进入实际应用。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明船用减摇陀螺无源倍压式阻尼装置作进一步的详细说明,图1是本发明船用陀螺减摇无源倍压式阻尼装置的结构原理示意图,其中,1,2-双活塞,3-导杆,4-缸体,5-阻尼孔。
具体实施方式
如图1的船用减摇陀螺无源倍压式阻尼装置,包括密闭的缸体4,该缸体4中安装有可沿缸体轴向移动的双活塞(活塞1和活塞2),双活塞上连接有导杆3,所述导杆3延伸到所述缸体4的外面,所述的双活塞上设置着阻尼孔5,所述缸体4内注满阻尼油。
本阻尼装置通过两端的耳环分别与减摇陀螺的框架和基座连接,构成转动副。当减摇陀螺的框架与基座偏离零位发生相对转动时,随着偏转角的增大,带动本阻尼装置导杆3移动的速度随之加快。如图所示,活塞1左侧和活塞2右侧的缸体两腔内,会一腔压力升高,另一腔压力降低,两腔压力作用在活塞上的力会共同阻止导杆3的移动,形成倍压阻尼。通过阻尼孔的阻尼油的流速正比于导杆的移动速度,所以当减摇陀螺的框架与基座的偏转角越大,阻尼装置的施加给框架的力会更快速地增大,这正符合减摇陀螺对阻尼装置的要求。而本阻尼装置发挥的所要求的阻尼作用,是通过自身结构完成的,无需外设动力源,为无源结构。所以,本船用减摇陀螺无源倍压式阻尼装置,具有阻尼效果显著、结构简单、性能可靠、坚固耐用、体积小巧、维修方便等明显优势。
Claims (3)
1.船用减摇陀螺无源倍压式阻尼装置,包括密闭的缸体(4),该缸体中安装有可沿缸体移动的双活塞(1,2),该双活塞(1,2)上连接有导杆(3),该活塞导杆(3)延伸到所述缸体(4)的外侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的缸体(4),其特征是:所述缸体内腔注满阻尼油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的双活塞(1,2),其特性是:所述双活塞(1,2)的每个活塞端面各开有一个或数个轴线相互错开的阻尼孔(5)。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003004079A (ja) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-08 | Bridgestone Corp | 塑性流動抵抗型ダンパ装置 |
CN201714893U (zh) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-01-19 | 中国人民解放军空军军训器材研究所 | 阻尼器 |
CN103061425A (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-24 | 中铁大桥局集团武汉桥梁科学研究院有限公司 | 一种串、并联多级阀粘滞阻尼方法及阻尼器 |
CN105221644A (zh) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 上海堃熠工程减震科技有限公司 | 黏滞阻尼器 |
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- 2017-08-09 CN CN201710675093.1A patent/CN107339362A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003004079A (ja) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-08 | Bridgestone Corp | 塑性流動抵抗型ダンパ装置 |
CN201714893U (zh) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-01-19 | 中国人民解放军空军军训器材研究所 | 阻尼器 |
CN103061425A (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-24 | 中铁大桥局集团武汉桥梁科学研究院有限公司 | 一种串、并联多级阀粘滞阻尼方法及阻尼器 |
CN105221644A (zh) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 上海堃熠工程减震科技有限公司 | 黏滞阻尼器 |
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