CN107333812A - A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight - Google Patents
A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight Download PDFInfo
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- CN107333812A CN107333812A CN201710429007.9A CN201710429007A CN107333812A CN 107333812 A CN107333812 A CN 107333812A CN 201710429007 A CN201710429007 A CN 201710429007A CN 107333812 A CN107333812 A CN 107333812A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/03—Algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/04—Pteridophyta [fern allies]; Filicophyta [ferns]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Plant Pathology (AREA)
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- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, include the raw material of following weight parts:5~25 parts of water lettuce, 5~25 parts of fragrant marshweed herb, 1~12 part of cucurbita pepo, 1~12 part of meadow pine, 10~40 parts of Enteromorpha.Main composition water lettuce, fragrant marshweed herb, cucurbita pepo, meadow pine and Enteromorpha of the present invention contain abundant nutriment, can provide the trophic factors needed for the development of some watermelon growings, improve watermelon biological character, improve the yield of watermelon.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, and in particular to a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight.
Background technology
Watermelon (scientific name:Citrullus lanatus, English:Watermelon), belong to Curcurbitaceae, originate in Africa.Watermelon
It is a kind of dicotyledonous flowering plant, for shape as tendril, leaf is in featheriness.The fruit that it is born is Peponidium, is Curcurbitaceae melon
A kind of succulent fruit specific to class, it is the pseudocarp that the inferior ovary development for having parietal placenta by 3 carpels forms.Watermelon is main
Edible part be flourishing placenta.Fruit rinds are smooth, have decorative pattern in green or yellow, fruit flesh succulence is red or yellow
(rare has white).In recent years, it is continuously increased with China's rapid development of economy, the cultivated area of watermelon, varieties of plant
Variation, and annual plantation is realized by industrialized agriculture, but the harm of watermelon blight is also increasingly severe, has caused
People pay much attention to.
Watermelon blight is commonly called as " dead seedling disease ", early stage, and the blade in diseased plant vines is gradually wilted forward from base portion, seemingly
Water shortage shape, noon become apparent from, initial 1,2, can still recover normal sooner or later, and after a few days, plant, which is wilted, no longer to recover, slowly withered
Extremely, most cases complete stool is fallen ill, and the diseased plant also having only part vines are fallen ill, and remaining vines is normal.Disease plant vines base portion is slightly
Hang contracting, sick portion's lobe, have pale red (amber) colloidal fluid spilling, butt rot discoloration, rip cutting root neck, its vascular bundle part becomes
Brown.
Therefore, research and development efficiently, low toxicity, be not likely to produce drug-fast prevention and controls, realize watermelon production economic benefit with
The ecological benefits of environmental protection are mutually unified, and have important economy and social value.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of efficiently, low toxicity, be not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug, and
The botanical pesticide of the relatively low preventing and treating watermelon blight of production cost, uses pathogen caused by chemical pesticide sterilization to produce to alleviate
The problems such as chemical residue is exceeded in the raw resistance to the action of a drug, plant and soil, environmental pollution.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, include the raw material of following weight parts:5~25 parts of water lettuce,
5~25 parts of fragrant marshweed herb, 1~12 part of cucurbita pepo, 1~12 part of meadow pine, 10~40 parts of Enteromorpha.
Preferably, a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, the raw material of following weight parts are included:Water lettuce 10
~20 parts, 10~20 parts of fragrant marshweed herb, 4~9 parts of cucurbita pepo, 4~9 parts of meadow pine, 20~30 parts of Enteromorpha.
Preferably, a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, the raw material of following weight parts are included:Water lettuce 16
Part, 15 parts of fragrant marshweed herb, 7 parts of cucurbita pepo, 6 parts of meadow pine, 28 parts of Enteromorpha.
Preferably, a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, the raw material of following weight parts are included:Live on surface
5~20 parts of agent of property, 15~25 parts of bleeding agent, 5~10 parts of antifreezing agent.
Preferably, a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, the raw material of following weight parts are included:Live on surface
13 parts of agent of property, 20 parts of bleeding agent, 7 parts of antifreezing agent.
Preferably, a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, the surfactant are NaLS, alkane
One or more in base sodium sulphate, tween.
Preferably, a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, the bleeding agent are azone, epoxy soybean
One or more in oil, tung oil.
Preferably, a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, the antifreezing agent are ethylene glycol, propane diols, the third three
One or more in alcohol.
Meadow pine category Equisetaceae Equisetum of the present invention, alias Drilgrass, the grass that continues, horse grass, nib grass, plants for perennial herb
Thing, it is distributed widely in the greater part in China, is farmland weed, and a kind of conventional Chinese medicine.Meadow pine contains phenolic acid class, flavones
A variety of chemical compositions such as class, glucosides and alkaloid.Research shows that meadow pine extract solution has stronger bacteriostatic activity, can be effective
Suppress watermelon blight germ mycelial growth and spore germination, be novel plant source pesticide so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding
Effective source.
Enteromorpha of the present invention is Chlorophyta, the algae of Ulvales Ulvaceae Enteromorpha, is commonly called as tongue bar, green laver etc.,
Southeastern coast one is with widely distributed.Containing abundant bioactive substance in Enteromorpha, such as sea grass polysaccharide, volatile component, albumen
Matter, aliphatic acid, lipid, sterol etc., there is antibacterial, somatotrophic effect.Research shows that sea grass polysaccharide can significantly improve watermelon life
Physical property shape, improve the yield of watermelon.In recent years, due to global warming, seawater heating, inshore industrial wastewater and city domestic sewage
Discharge into sea etc., favourable condition is provided for the growth of Enteromorpha, each marine site in the world have different degrees of Enteromorpha outburst with it is climing
Prolong, both influenceed people's normal life and the development of city tourism, while cause serious ecological degeneration.Therefore, it is of the invention
Using Enteromorpha as one of raw material, not only raw material sources enrich, and ecological degeneration caused by efficiently solving Enteromorpha, obtain Enteromorpha
Utilized to effective, and make obtained botanical pesticide that there is the effect of promoting watermelon growing, improving watermelon biological character.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1st, for the present invention using natural plants as main composition, dosage is small, decomposes soon, so as to avoid environment dirt
Dye, and have lower lactation toxicity than Traditional Agricultural medical instrument;
2nd, main composition water lettuce, fragrant marshweed herb, cucurbita pepo, meadow pine and Enteromorpha of the present invention contain abundant nutrients
Matter, the trophic factors needed for the development of some watermelon growings can be provided, improve watermelon biological character, improve the yield of watermelon.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, include the raw material of following weight parts:25 parts of water lettuce, water cottonrose hibiscus
5 parts of Rong, 1 part of cucurbita pepo, 12 parts of meadow pine, 20 parts of Enteromorpha, 5 parts of sodium alkyl sulfate, 15 parts of azone, 10 parts of ethylene glycol.
Embodiment 2
A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, include the raw material of following weight parts:10 parts of water lettuce, water cottonrose hibiscus
20 parts of Rong, 12 parts of cucurbita pepo, 4 parts of meadow pine, 40 parts of Enteromorpha, 10 parts of tween, 18 parts of tung oil, 8 parts of propane diols.
Embodiment 3
A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, include the raw material of following weight parts:16 parts of water lettuce, water cottonrose hibiscus
15 parts of Rong, 7 parts of cucurbita pepo, 6 parts of meadow pine, 28 parts of Enteromorpha, 13 parts of NaLS, 20 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 7 parts of propane diols.
Embodiment 4
A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, include the raw material of following weight parts:20 parts of water lettuce, water cottonrose hibiscus
10 parts of Rong, 4 parts of cucurbita pepo, 9 parts of meadow pine, 10 parts of Enteromorpha, 20 parts of NaLS, 18 parts of tung oil, 10 parts of glycerine.
Embodiment 5
A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, include the raw material of following weight parts:5 parts of water lettuce, water cottonrose hibiscus
25 parts of Rong, 9 parts of cucurbita pepo, 1 part of meadow pine, 30 parts of Enteromorpha, 15 parts of tween, 25 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 5 parts of ethylene glycol.
Test example 1
A kind of inhibitory action of the botanical pesticide of preventing and treating watermelon blight of the present invention to withered germ of water-melon
Subjects:Withered germ of water-melon Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cucumeris).
Test specimen:Test group:Botanical pesticide prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~5;Blank
Control group:1% ethanol solution;With reference to control group:50% carbendazim wettable powder.
Test method:Test specimen is diluted to 50,100,300,600 times with aseptic deionized water, is added to quantitative
It is cooled to after sterilizing in 50 DEG C or so of PDA culture medium, fully shakes up, drug containing flat board is made, often processing is repeated 3 times.Use diameter
5mm card punch, which is beaten, takes well-grown stem, and stem mycelia is inoculated in into drug containing flat board center downwards, is placed in 28 DEG C of constant temperature
Culture, mycelial growth situation is observed daily, colony diameter is measured after ware is covered with control, calculate mycelial growth inhibition rate.Calculate
Formula is as follows:
Bacteriostasis rate (%)=[(blank control colony diameter-processing colony diameter)/(blank control colony diameter -5)] ×
100%
Measurement result:Testing result is as shown in table 1 below.
Inhibitory action of the table 1 to withered germ of water-melon Fusarium oxysporum
As shown in Table 1, a kind of botanical pesticide of preventing and treating watermelon blight prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~5 is diluted to
At 50 times, 100 times, 300 times, 100% is reached to the bacteriostasis rate of withered germ of water-melon Fusarium oxysporum.When being diluted to 600 times
When, embodiment 1~5 prepare agricultural chemicals bacteriostasis rate respectively compared with reference pair according to (50% carbendazim) improve 24.58%, 26.53%,
27.57%th, 26.79%, 25.36%.
Said determination result shows that there is botanical pesticide of the invention extremely strong external suppression to make to withered germ of water-melon
With fungistatic effect is notable.
Test example 2
A kind of field test of the botanical pesticide of preventing and treating watermelon blight of the present invention
Test kind:The close thorn in Xintai City.
Test specimen:Test group:300 times of botanical pesticide, 500 times, 800 times of dilutions prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3
Liquid;With reference to control group:50% 300 times of carbendazim wettable powder, 500 times, 800 times of dilutions;Blank control group:Clear water.
Test method:Experiment is carried out in heliogreenhouse, and using randomized complete-block design, every piece of experimental plot area is
3.5m2.Experiment sets 7 processing altogether, each handles 3 repetitions.Processing 1 is clear water, and processing 2~4 is respectively 50% carbendazim can
300 times of wet powder, 500 times, 800 times of dilutions, processing 5~7 are respectively the botanical pesticide prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3
300 times, 500 times, 800 times of dilutions.Before growth of watermelon, test specimen is equably sprayed respectively by every mu of 80kg amount of application
In earth's surface, then turn over and bury;In watermelon seedling mid-term, equably sprayed in blade face respectively by every mu of 40kg amount of application;In west
Melon strain initial stage, equably sprayed in blade face respectively by every mu of 60kg amount of application.Experimental plot others base manure, top dressing, irrigation,
And the condition such as other field management is consistent.
Harvest and sample in the watermelon best fruiting period, every group, using the 5 points of samplings of " Z " font, every 6 plants of random searching watermelon, is recorded
Watermelon blight quantity, calculate preventing and treating droop effect.Calculation formula is as follows:
The incidence of disease (%)=(diseased plant number/investigation total strain number) × 100%;
Prevention effect (%)=[(the blank control group incidence of disease-treatment group the incidence of disease)/blank control group incidence of disease] ×
100%.
1st, to the influence of the watermelon blight incidence of disease and prevention effect
Influence of the table 2 to the watermelon blight incidence of disease and prevention effect
As shown in Table 2, compared with blank control, the plant prepared by 50% carbendazim wettable powder and the embodiment of the present invention 3
Material resource agricultural chemicals can effectively prevent and treat the generation of watermelon blight.When 50% carbendazim wettable powder and the embodiment of the present invention 3 are made
When standby botanical pesticide extension rate is 300 times, 100% is reached to the prevention effect of watermelon blight;Work as extension rate
For 500 times when, prevention effect reaches more than 82%;When extension rate is 800 times, the plant prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3
Material resource pesticide control effect is 63.6%, and 32.5% is improved compared with 50% carbendazim wettable powder.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight, it is characterised in that the raw material including following weight parts:Water lettuce 5~25 parts, 5~25 parts of fragrant marshweed herb, 1~12 part of cucurbita pepo, 1~12 part of meadow pine, 10~40 parts of Enteromorpha.
- 2. a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following heavy Measure the raw material of part:10~20 parts of water lettuce, 10~20 parts of fragrant marshweed herb, 4~9 parts of cucurbita pepo, 4~9 parts of meadow pine, Enteromorpha 20~30 Part.
- 3. a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight according to claim 2, it is characterised in that including following heavy Measure the raw material of part:16 parts of water lettuce, 15 parts of fragrant marshweed herb, 7 parts of cucurbita pepo, 6 parts of meadow pine, 28 parts of Enteromorpha.
- 4. a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also including following The raw material of parts by weight:5~20 parts of surfactant, 15~25 parts of bleeding agent, 5~10 parts of antifreezing agent.
- 5. a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight according to claim 4, it is characterised in that including following heavy Measure the raw material of part:13 parts of surfactant, 20 parts of bleeding agent, 7 parts of antifreezing agent.
- 6. a kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight according to claim 5, it is characterised in that live on the surface Property agent be NaLS, sodium alkyl sulfate, the one or more in tween.
- A kind of 7. botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the bleeding agent For the one or more in azone, epoxidized soybean oil, tung oil.
- A kind of 8. botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the antifreezing agent For the one or more in ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine.
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CN201710429007.9A CN107333812A (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing and treating watermelon blight |
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101411339A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-04-22 | 北京农学院 | Equisetum arvense extract and novel use thereof |
CN101485343A (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2009-07-22 | 中国海洋大学生物工程开发有限公司 | Extraction technology of active ingredients of enteromorpha and preparation method of enteromorpha seaweed fertilizer |
-
2017
- 2017-06-08 CN CN201710429007.9A patent/CN107333812A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101411339A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-04-22 | 北京农学院 | Equisetum arvense extract and novel use thereof |
CN101485343A (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2009-07-22 | 中国海洋大学生物工程开发有限公司 | Extraction technology of active ingredients of enteromorpha and preparation method of enteromorpha seaweed fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
许华等: ""3 种外来入侵植物提取液对3 种病原真菌孢子萌发的抑制作用初探"", 《中国植保导刊》 * |
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