CN107331704A - A kind of grid voltage controls thyristor device - Google Patents

A kind of grid voltage controls thyristor device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107331704A
CN107331704A CN201710706917.7A CN201710706917A CN107331704A CN 107331704 A CN107331704 A CN 107331704A CN 201710706917 A CN201710706917 A CN 201710706917A CN 107331704 A CN107331704 A CN 107331704A
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China
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type semiconductor
conductive type
well region
grid voltage
doped
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CN201710706917.7A
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CN107331704B (en
Inventor
任敏
林育赐
何文静
苏志恒
李泽宏
张波
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/70Bipolar devices
    • H01L29/74Thyristor-type devices, e.g. having four-zone regenerative action
    • H01L29/744Gate-turn-off devices
    • H01L29/745Gate-turn-off devices with turn-off by field effect
    • H01L29/7455Gate-turn-off devices with turn-off by field effect produced by an insulated gate structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/06Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
    • H01L29/0603Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/70Bipolar devices
    • H01L29/74Thyristor-type devices, e.g. having four-zone regenerative action
    • H01L29/749Thyristor-type devices, e.g. having four-zone regenerative action with turn-on by field effect

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Thyristors (AREA)

Abstract

Thyristor device is controlled the invention provides a kind of grid voltage, belongs to power device technology field.The present invention includes metal anode, the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate being cascading, the second conductive type semiconductor doped epitaxial layer and metallic cathode from bottom to top;Grid structure is provided with the middle part of the second conductive type semiconductor doped epitaxial layer top layer, grid structure both sides are provided with the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region, the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region lower face has the second conductive type semiconductor doped well region, and the second conductive type semiconductor doped well region lower face has the first conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region;Direction of the doping concentration of the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region from close to polygate electrodes to away from polygate electrodes is gradually reduced.The present invention improves the Surge handling capability that grid voltage controls IGCT.

Description

A kind of grid voltage controls thyristor device
Technical field
The invention belongs to power device technology field, and in particular to a kind of grid voltage controls thyristor device.
Background technology
Electronic circuit is often met with by voltage transient forms the impact of surge current in use, and this will be right The normal work of whole circuit has a negative impact the damage for even resulting in electronic circuit system.The source of surge current is main Have:Inductive load voltage transient, static discharge, thunder discharge, the electric discharge in cloud layer or between cloud layer.In order to prevent the surge of transition Impact of the voltage to whole circuit system, the surge protection of raising electronic system reliability, which becomes modern electronic devices, to be examined The problem of worry.Thyristor-type surge protection circuit have accurate conducting, it is unlimited repeat, voltage range wide (several volts arrive several kilovolts) with And the superior function of quick response (ns grades), thus it is widely used in electric and electronic technical field, the communications field and all kinds of electricity The protection of sub-circuit.
Levels of current under surge protection circuit working method is final by the generating heat of thyristor chip, heat-resisting and heat dissipation characteristics Determine, surge current (ITSM) generally do not repeated using on-state and critical rate of rise of on state current (di/dt) parameter directly reflects, Above-mentioned parameter value also implies that more greatly IGCT is more applied to surge protection circuit.The cycle of module is minimized generally in 1ms More than, therefore allow the levels of current to device in terms of current squaring time integral value to consider, imply that according to parameter The IGCT that ITSM chooses perhaps has certain overload capacity;But only investigation ITSM is also far from enough, and di/dt is even more important, it The pulse rate of climb that directly reflection IGCT is allowed, thereby it is ensured that di/dt parameters are more than the pulse that module parameter is determined The electric current rate of climb is very necessary, otherwise can generating device when opening or because open the hot-spot in area and caused by permanent failure.
Grid voltage control IGCT is a kind of compound power device for combining MOSFET characteristics and thyristor characteristics, simultaneously With input impedance high MOSFET, fast switching speed, the blocking voltage that gate pole is easy to control and IGCT is high, low lead The advantages of logical power consumption, big driving current, it is widely used in power switch field.Controlled as shown in Figure 1 for conventional n-type grid voltage brilliant Brake tube structure, controls thyristor application in surge protection circuit circuit, it is necessary to which there is device high on state current to face grid voltage Boundary's climbing (di/dt).Grid voltage control IGCT is generally effectively improved using the doping concentration of p-well region is reduced in the prior art High current climbing ability.The reduction of p-well region doping concentration can increase the emitter injection efficiency of NPN triode, so as to increase The current amplification factor of big triode.But the operating voltage of grid voltage control IGCT is generally higher, therefore when it is turned on Threshold voltage is larger, and the further reduction that can limit p-well region doping concentration is opened in order to avoid opening by mistake, and this method can not effective pin The high critical rate of rise of on state current (di/dt) of thyristor device is controlled grid voltage to carry out the adjustment of concentration distribution.To sum up, need badly One kind can lift high current rising characteristic, so solve when device is opened or because open the hot-spot in area and caused by permanent lose The problem of effect
The content of the invention
In order to solve can not to be effectively directed to high critical rate of rise of on state current (di/ in existing grid voltage control thyristor device Dt) carry out concentration distribution adjustment, the invention provides one kind by well region adulterate optimize and obtain high on state current it is critical on The grid voltage control thyristor device of the rate of liter.
Technical scheme is specific as follows:
A kind of grid voltage controls IGCT, including metal anode (1), the first conduction type being cascading from bottom to top Semiconductor doping substrate (2), the second conductive type semiconductor doped epitaxial layer (3) and metallic cathode (10);Second conduction type Semiconductor doping epitaxial layer (3) top layer two ends have the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region (7) respectively, and described first is conductive Type semiconductor doped well region (7) lower face has the second conductive type semiconductor doped well region (8), second conductive-type Type semiconductor doping well region (8) lower face has the first conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region (6);Second conduction type is partly led There is grid structure in the middle part of body doped epitaxial layer (3) top layer, the grid structure includes polygate electrodes (4), gate dielectric layer And insulating medium layer (9) (5);The polygate electrodes (4) and the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region of its both sides (7), the of the second conductive type semiconductor doped well region (8) and the first conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region (6) and its bottom side Across gate dielectric layer (5) between two conductive type semiconductor doped epitaxial layers (3);The polygate electrodes (4) and its top side Metallic cathode (10) between across insulating medium layer (9);It is characterized in that:The first conductive type semiconductor doped well region (7) direction of the doping concentration from close to polygate electrodes (4) to away from polygate electrodes (4) is gradually reduced.
It is further that the doping way of the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region (7) is gradient doping in the present invention.
It is further that there are some sub-regions in the present invention in the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region (7), if The doping way of dry sub-regions is Uniform Doped.
It is further that the first conductive type semiconductor is P-type semiconductor in the present invention, the second conductive type semiconductor is N-type semiconductor.
It is further that the first conductive type semiconductor is N-type semiconductor in the present invention, the second conductive type semiconductor is P-type semiconductor.
It is further, the material of the first conductive type semiconductor or the second conduction band type semiconductor in the present invention For body silicon, carborundum, GaAs, indium phosphide or germanium silicon composite.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:By doping concentration in Reasonable adjustment and substrate conduction type identical well region, So that the doping concentration in the well region close to polysilicon gate electrode region domain is higher to ensure certain threshold voltage, and away from many The doping concentration in crystal silicon gate electrode region is gradually reduced, and reduces few sub- hole current of launch site with this so that IGCT is real Now faster enter the purpose of latch mode, very high current-rising-rate is resulted in pulse discharge circuit, is quickly released Surge current, and then avoid impact of the surge voltage of transition to device from realizing surge protection.The present invention improves grid voltage control The Surge handling capability of IGCT.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view that traditional grid voltage controls IGCT;
Fig. 2 is that a kind of grid voltage optimized of being adulterated based on well region that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided controls the section knot of IGCT Structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic equivalent circuit that N-type grid voltage provided in an embodiment of the present invention controls IGCT;
Fig. 4 is that a kind of grid voltage optimized of being adulterated based on well region that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is provided controls the section knot of IGCT Structure schematic diagram;
In figure, 1 is metal anode, and 2 be the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate, and 3 be the second conductive type semiconductor Doped epitaxial layer, 4 be polygate electrodes, and 5 be gate dielectric layer, and 6 be the first conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region, and 7 be first Conductive type semiconductor doped well region, 8 be the second conductive type semiconductor doped well region, and 9 be insulating medium layer, and 10 be that metal is cloudy Pole.
Embodiment
The present invention is described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, identical label represents identical or phase in the accompanying drawings As component or element.Idea of the invention is the grid voltage control thyristor device for improving a kind of high Surge handling capability, grid Voltage-controlled combinations thyristor device can be p-type grid voltage control thyristor device or N-type grid voltage control thyristor device.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Fig. 2 the present embodiment provides a kind of grid voltage control IGCT, including the gold being cascading from bottom to top Belong to anode 1, the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate 2, the second conductive type semiconductor doped epitaxial layer 3 and metallic cathode 10;Second 3 top layer two ends of conductive type semiconductor doped epitaxial layer have the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region 7 respectively, The lower face of first conductive type semiconductor doped well region 7 has the second conductive type semiconductor doped well region 8, described the The lower face of two conductive type semiconductor doped well region 8 has the first conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region 6;Second conduction type There is grid structure, the grid structure includes polygate electrodes 4, gate dielectric layer 5 in the middle part of the top layer of semiconductor doping epitaxial layer 3 With insulating medium layer 9;The polygate electrodes 4 and the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region 7, second of its both sides are conductive The conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region 6 of type semiconductor doped well region 8 and first and its second conductive type semiconductor of bottom side Across gate dielectric layer 5 between doped epitaxial layer 3;Across exhausted between the polygate electrodes 4 and the metallic cathode of its top side 10 Edge dielectric layer 9;It is characterized in that:The first conductive type semiconductor doped well region 7 be gradient doping, its doping concentration from by Nearly polygate electrodes 4 are gradually reduced to the direction away from polygate electrodes 4.
Idea of the invention is to provide a kind of grid voltage control thyristor device, based on above-mentioned technical proposal, leads when first Electric type semiconductor is P-type semiconductor and the second conductive type semiconductor when being N-type semiconductor, and the device that the present invention is provided is N Type grid voltage controls thyristor device;When the first conductive type semiconductor is N-type semiconductor and the second conductive type semiconductor is p-type During semiconductor, the device that the present invention is provided controls thyristor device for p-type grid voltage.Lower mask body controls IGCT with N-type grid voltage The principle and characteristic of the present invention are described in detail exemplified by device:
The schematic equivalent circuit that N-type of embodiment of the present invention grid voltage controls IGCT is illustrated in figure 3, with reference to Fig. 2 and originally Field general knowledge is understood:PNPN tetra- shown in Fig. 2 layers of thyristor structure can regard a PNP transistor and a NPN connection as.Grid Voltage-controlled combinations brake tube is really controlled being switched on and off for internal thyristor structure, the internal IGCT by MOSFET structure Structure is made up of N-type well region 8, P type trap zone 7, N-type epitaxy layer 3 and P type substrate 2, wherein, P type trap zone 7 is used and mixed in the present invention Miscellaneous concentration gradient, the doping concentration close to the region of polygate electrodes 4 is higher to ensure certain threshold voltage, and away from polycrystalline The doping concentration in silicon gate electrode region is gradually reduced, and reduces few sub- hole current of launch site successively so that the transmitting of NPN pipes Pole injection efficiency increase, so as to increase the current amplification factor α of NPN transistorNPN, also, due to the base width of PNP pipe, The width of namely N-type epitaxy layer 3 is very wide, the amplification coefficient very little of itself, therefore the doping concentration of P type trap zone 7 reduces meeting The emitter injection efficiency of PNP pipe is influenceed, but to the current amplification factor α of PNP pipePNPInfluence very little.Therefore, the present invention is adopted Make latching condition α with the P type trap zone 7 of doping concentration gradual changeNPNPNP>=1 faster reaches so that in grid voltage control thyristor device The thyristor structure in portion more easily reachs latching condition.When applying in surge protection circuit, when there is larger surge voltage, Grid voltage control IGCT provided by the present invention can quickly enter latch mode, bear very high electric current, obtain high on-state electricity Critical climbing di/dt is flowed, so as to improve the Surge handling capability that grid voltage controls IGCT.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in figure 4, the present invention is except the first conductive type semiconductor well region 7 is by the sub-district of several different levels of doping Domain is constituted, and each region is met:As the distance away from polygate electrodes 4 gradually increases, the doping of each sub-regions is dense Degree is gradually reduced.
Embodiments of the invention are set forth above in association with accompanying drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific Embodiment, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restricted, and one of ordinary skill in the art exists Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection is not departed from, many shapes can be also made Formula, these are belonged within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of grid voltage controls IGCT, including metal anode (1), the first conduction type half being cascading from bottom to top Conductor doped substrate (2), the second conductive type semiconductor doped epitaxial layer (3) and metallic cathode (10);Second conduction type half Conductor doped epitaxial layer (3) top layer two ends have the first conductive type semiconductor doped well region (7), first conductive-type respectively Type semiconductor doping well region (7) lower face has the second conductive type semiconductor doped well region (8), second conduction type Semiconductor doping well region (8) lower face has the first conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region (6);Second conductive type semiconductor There is grid structure in the middle part of doped epitaxial layer (3) top layer, the grid structure includes polygate electrodes (4), gate dielectric layer (5) With insulating medium layer (9);First conductive type semiconductor doped well region (7) of the polygate electrodes (4) and its both sides, the Two conductive type semiconductor doped well regions (8) and the first conductive type semiconductor heavily doped region (6) and its second conduction of bottom side Across gate dielectric layer (5) between type semiconductor doped epitaxial layer (3);The polygate electrodes (4) and the metal of its top side Across insulating medium layer (9) between negative electrode (10);It is characterized in that:The first conductive type semiconductor doped well region (7) Direction of the doping concentration from close to polygate electrodes (4) to away from polygate electrodes (4) is gradually reduced.
2. a kind of grid voltage control IGCT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first conductive type semiconductor adulterates The doping way of well region (7) is gradient doping.
3. a kind of grid voltage control IGCT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first conductive type semiconductor adulterates There are some sub-regions, the doping way of some sub-regions is Uniform Doped in well region (7).
4. a kind of grid voltage control IGCT according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the first conductive type semiconductor For P-type semiconductor, the second conductive type semiconductor is N-type semiconductor.
5. a kind of grid voltage control IGCT according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the first conductive type semiconductor For N-type semiconductor, the second conductive type semiconductor is P-type semiconductor.
6. a kind of grid voltage control IGCT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first conductive type semiconductor or The material of the second conduction band type semiconductor is body silicon, carborundum, GaAs, indium phosphide or germanium silicon composite.
CN201710706917.7A 2017-08-17 2017-08-17 A kind of grid voltage control thyristor device Active CN107331704B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111627905A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-04 电子科技大学 Programmable one-way protection device triggered by LDMOS (laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor)
CN111668211A (en) * 2020-07-13 2020-09-15 北京时代华诺科技有限公司 Semiconductor structure, surge protection device and manufacturing method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0310836A2 (en) * 1987-10-08 1989-04-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Semiconductor element with a planar p-n junction
JPH02172283A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-03 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Electrostatic induction semiconductor device
US20100044825A1 (en) * 2008-08-19 2010-02-25 Infineon Technologies Austria Ag Semiconductor device and method for the production of a semiconductor device
CN102263127A (en) * 2010-05-29 2011-11-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) type power device and manufacturing method thereof
CN103872099A (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 Semiconductor Device with Step-Shaped Edge Termination, and Method for Manufacturing a Semiconductor Device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0310836A2 (en) * 1987-10-08 1989-04-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Semiconductor element with a planar p-n junction
JPH02172283A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-03 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Electrostatic induction semiconductor device
US20100044825A1 (en) * 2008-08-19 2010-02-25 Infineon Technologies Austria Ag Semiconductor device and method for the production of a semiconductor device
CN102263127A (en) * 2010-05-29 2011-11-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) type power device and manufacturing method thereof
CN103872099A (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 Semiconductor Device with Step-Shaped Edge Termination, and Method for Manufacturing a Semiconductor Device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111627905A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-04 电子科技大学 Programmable one-way protection device triggered by LDMOS (laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor)
CN111627905B (en) * 2020-06-04 2022-06-07 电子科技大学 Programmable one-way protection device triggered by LDMOS (laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor)
CN111668211A (en) * 2020-07-13 2020-09-15 北京时代华诺科技有限公司 Semiconductor structure, surge protection device and manufacturing method

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