CN107325975B - 一株酿酒酵母菌及其在发酵生产s-腺苷蛋氨酸中的应用 - Google Patents
一株酿酒酵母菌及其在发酵生产s-腺苷蛋氨酸中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一株酿酒酵母菌及其在发酵生产S‑腺苷蛋氨酸中的应用,所述菌株的分类命名为酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)ty‑93620,已保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏编号是CGMCC No.13760。本发明还公开了利用上述高产S‑腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌株生产S‑腺苷蛋氨酸的方法。本发明方法与化学法相比,低成本,低能耗,无污染,使用粗原料等非化石资源作为原料,无需使用ATP作为催化诱导剂,产量高,稳定性强,过程清晰简单易操控。本发明菌株与原始菌相比,发酵产物种类少,纯度高,稳定性好,产量明显增高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物技术领域,具体涉及一种高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌株及其在发酵生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸中的应用。
背景技术
S-腺苷蛋氨酸(S-adenosyl-methionine,简写为SAM),是生物体内广泛存在的重要代谢中间体,也是蛋氨酸(Methionine,Met)的活化形式,它于 1952 年由 Cantoni发现。在生物学上,S-腺苷蛋氨酸是重要的甲基供体,具有转甲基、转硫基和转氨丙基三方面的作用。在临床上,S-腺苷蛋氨酸在70 年代末在欧洲作为治疗关节炎的抗炎止痛药, 80 年代中期在欧洲作为抗抑郁症的精神病药物, 90 年代在美国作为抗抑郁、保肝等的非处方药和营养保健品,近年来则用来治疗各种急、慢性肝病。S-腺苷蛋氨酸对于原发纤维性肌痛、偏头痛、阿尔茨海默、癫痫、老年性痴呆等以及增加不育男性的精子活力,治疗多发性硬化、帕金森氏病、亚急性脊髓变性、睡眠紊乱、心脏病、脑缺血以及 HIV 引起的神经性并发症等多种疾病。
S-腺苷蛋氨酸的制备方法始于 20 世纪 50 年代,主要的制备方法有化学合成法、酶促合成法和微生物发酵法。相比化学法成本高、产率不高、纯度低、稳定性差、污染环境;酶法催化效率很低、ATP 原料成本比较高、酶活限制等问题;微生物发酵法具有成本低廉、产物纯度高且活性强、稳定性好、环境污染小等特点,因此生物法制备S-腺苷蛋氨酸是近年来工业生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的主要途径。目前生物法合成S-腺苷蛋氨酸的主要菌种包括:霉菌(Molds)、细菌、假丝酵母(Candida albicans)、清酒酵母(Saccharomyces sake)、糖酵母(Saccharomyces)、毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)、酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)、乳酸克鲁维酵母(Scheffersomyces stipitis)、马克斯克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)、谷氨酸棒杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum)和大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)等,其中酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)生长繁殖快、代期短,生产不受季节、气候和地区的限制;与其他微生物相比,具有易于收集,代谢方式多样性,对环境的适应性较强和人们易于接受等特性,所以酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)是目前研究发现的生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的重要工业菌种之一。但是原始酿酒酵母菌株在发酵生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的过程中,对温度以及pH的控制要求较严格,严重影响了S-腺苷蛋氨酸的产量,为S-腺苷蛋氨酸的生产条件控制增加了很大的负担。
目前,现有技术中,酿酒酵母生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的主要研究有:高产SAM 菌株的理性化筛选育种、微生物发酵过程优化以及代谢工程改造3 个方向。迄今为止,国内报道的S-腺苷蛋氨酸生产采用的菌株也是酿酒酵母菌株,在30ml发酵液/500ml摇瓶中产量最高为0.83g/L,它在7L发酵罐中培养的产量最高为17.1g/L,在发酵过程中不仅要对pH进行严格的调控:在发酵前期控制pH 5.4为有利于菌体的生长、在发酵后期控制pH 5.1为有利于S-腺苷蛋氨酸的稳定性,在发酵中期期在补加葡萄糖、氮源营养盐母液以及发酵后期额再次补加10g/L的三磷酸腺苷二钠溶液,它的发酵周期为66h。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一株高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌及其在发酵生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸中的应用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
发明人通过低能离子束注入技术,对土壤中筛选出能够在L-蛋氨酸的诱导下得到产物S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)进行诱变,经三轮筛选得到一株酿酒酵母,其好氧下可高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸。该菌株,其分类命名为酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)ty-93620,目前该菌株保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),保藏单位地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,邮政编码100101,登记入册的编号是CGMCC No .13760,保藏日期是2017年3月20日。
酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)ty-93620菌株具有下述性质:
1、菌落形态学特征:在营养琼脂培养基上,30℃划线培养呈中度生长,菌苔线状,24h为乳白色,菌落为圆形,边缘整齐,48h后稍呈白色,随培养时间的延长颜色稍增白。表面湿润、光滑,有光泽,有黏性,菌落不透明。
2、生理与生化特征:
A.培养温度:20~40℃,最适温度为30℃;
B.在pH3.0~7.5范围内生长;
C.色素产生情况:不产生色素;
3、营养特征:
酿酒酵母菌株可在合成培养基上生长,培养基成分简单且价格低廉。该培养基碳源一般为葡萄糖或酸化处理后的糖蜜,氮源可选用玉米浆干粉、麦芽汁浸粉、酵母膏、(NH4)2HPO4以及( NH4 )2SO4等,培养基中还包括钾盐、钠盐、镁盐、磷酸盐等常用的无机盐类,根据不同的氮源而定,以硫酸铵或玉米浆干粉为唯一氮源时需全添加,在以玉米浆干粉、麦芽汁浸粉时可以少量或不加入无机盐。
利用上述高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的方法,将酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)ty-93620的菌株活化后,在20~45℃下好氧发酵48~96h;
其中,好氧发酵培养基为完全培养基:碳源20~100g/L,氮源20~60g/L,无机盐10~30g/L,其余为水,pH3.0~7 .5。
其中,所述的碳源为葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘蔗糖蜜中的至少一种。
其中,所述的氮源为玉米浆干粉、麦芽汁浸粉、酵母膏或者 ( NH4 )2SO4中的至少一种。
其中,所述的无机盐为钾盐、锰盐、铁盐、镁盐、锌盐、铜盐、钴盐、钙盐、硫酸盐或磷酸盐的任意一种或几种的组合。
最优选的生产方式为:将酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)ty-93620的菌株活化后,在30℃下好氧发酵在30℃下好氧发酵84~96h,装液量为30ml发酵液/500ml三角瓶,转速为200rpm。
其中,所述的好氧发酵培养基为:葡萄糖 37.5 g/L,玉米浆45g/L,麦芽浸粉15g/L,K2HPO4•3H2O 1.6 g/L,KH2PO4 1.25 g/L,MgSO4•7H2O 3.75 g/L,初始pH 5 .0。
或者优选为:将酿酒酵母ty-93620的菌株活化后,在30℃下好氧发酵48~72h,转速为800rpm;
其中,所述的好氧发酵培养基为:葡萄糖 60g/L,玉米浆10g/L,麦芽浸粉5g/L,酵母粉15g/L,酸化处理后的糖蜜40 g/L,K2HPO4•3H2O1.6 g/L,KH2PO4 1.25 g/L,MgSO4•7H2O3.75 g/L,FeSO4•7H2O 10mg/L,(NH4)2HPO4 5 g/L,初始pH 5 .0。
有益效果:本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下优势:
(1)与化学法及酶法催化相比,低成本,低能耗,无污染,使用粗原料等非化石资源作为原料,无需使用ATP作为催化诱导剂,产量高,稳定性强,过程清晰简单易操控。
(2)与原始菌相比,发酵产物种类少,纯度高,稳定性好,产量明显增高;且培养条件简单易控,耐高温、低pH耐受性强。
附图说明
图1本发明菌株CGMCC No .13760好氧发酵终点的高效液相色谱腺苷蛋氨酸检测图谱;其中,标号1的峰为S-腺苷蛋氨酸的响应峰。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1
发明人通过低能离子束注入技术,对土壤中筛选得到的能够在L-蛋氨酸的诱导下得到产物S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae);在30℃条件下,将筛选得到的酿酒酵母接种到YPD培养液中培养4h,离心去上清,加入适量的生理盐水制成酿酒酵母菌悬液均匀涂布于无菌平皿上;用低能离子束对菌悬液进行脉冲注入;把经诱变处理后的菌悬液稀释后,涂布于YPD固体培养基中培养;选取生长良好的单菌株接种于液体发酵培养基中培养,经三轮筛选选取遗传性状稳定的能够高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌株,即得到高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌株。
实施例2
平板培养基:蛋白胨 20 g/L,酵母膏 10 g/L,葡萄糖20 g/L,琼脂 20 g/L,pH 自然。
好氧发酵培养基:葡萄糖 37.5 g/L,玉米浆45g/L,麦芽浸粉15g/L,K2HPO4•3H2O1.6 g/L,KH2PO4 1.25 g/L,MgSO4•7H2O 3.75 g/L,初始pH 5 .0。500mL三角瓶装液量30mL,121℃灭菌15分钟。
分别将初始菌株及CGMCC No .13760菌首先于30℃平板活化菌种,24h后接两环生长良好的菌体入30mL发酵培养基,30℃,200rpm培养12h,然后按照3%( v/v )接种量转接入装液量为30ml发酵液/500ml三角瓶,30℃培养,转速为200rpm。待菌体生长至对数生长中期后(即发酵48h),向发酵液中投加D/L一蛋氨酸0.1g。发酵30h后CGMCC No .13760的发酵液中含有2.95g/L S-腺苷蛋氨酸。较初始菌株相比,S-腺苷蛋氨酸产量提高了7.25倍。
实施例3
平板培养基:同实施例1;
好氧发酵培养基:葡萄糖 60g/L,玉米浆10g/L,麦芽浸粉5g/L,酵母粉15g/L,酸化处理后的糖蜜40 g/L,K2HPO4•3H2O1.6 g/L,KH2PO4 1.25 g/L,MgSO4•7H2O 3.75 g/L,FeSO4•7H2O 10mg/L,(NH4)2HPO4 5 g/L,初始pH 5 .0。7 L发酵罐装液量3 L,121℃灭菌15分钟。
分别将初始菌株及CGMCC No .13760菌首先于30℃平板活化菌种,24h后接两环生长良好的菌体入30mL发酵培养基,30℃,200rpm培养12h,然后按照10%( v/v )接种量转接入3L发酵培养基,通空气2v/vm,转速800rpm,30℃培养。发酵至16h后,开始补加葡萄糖,将葡萄糖的浓度控制为10-15g/L。待菌体生长至对数生长中期后(即发酵36h),向发酵液中投加D/L一蛋氨酸10g。发酵48h后CGMCC No .13760的发酵液中含有25.66g/L S-腺苷蛋氨酸。较初始菌株相比,S-腺苷蛋氨酸产量提高了35倍。
实施例4
平板培养基:同实施例1;
好氧发酵培养基:葡萄糖 60g/L,酸化处理后的糖蜜40 g/L,K2HPO4•3H2O1.6 g/L,KH2PO4 1.25 g/L,MgSO4•7H2O 3.75 g/L,FeSO4•7H2O 10mg/L,(NH4)2HPO4 5 g/L,初始pH 5.0。7 L发酵罐装液量3 L,121℃灭菌15分钟。
所述糖蜜的酸化处理方法为:糖蜜按照质量比稀释10倍,用浓硫酸调节pH为2.0,100℃条件下保温30min,到达时间后自然冷却,冷却后过滤备用。
分别将初始菌株及CGMCC No .13760菌首先于45℃平板活化菌种,24h后接两环生长良好的菌体入30mL发酵培养基,45℃,200rpm培养16h,然后按照10%( v/v )接种量转接入3L发酵培养基,通空气2v/vm,转速800rpm,45℃培养。发酵至16h后,开始补加葡萄糖,将葡萄糖的浓度控制为10-15g/L。待菌体生长至对数生长中期后(即发酵42h),向发酵液中投加D/L一蛋氨酸10g。发酵54h后CGMCC No .13760的发酵液中含有18.96g/L S-腺苷蛋氨酸。较初始菌株相比,S-腺苷蛋氨酸产量提高了25.9倍。
实施例5
平板培养基:同实施例1;
好氧发酵培养基:蔗糖40g/L,玉米浆干粉10g/L,初始pH 5.0。7L发酵罐装液量3L,121℃灭菌15分钟。
分别将初始菌株及CGMCC No .13760菌首先于30 ℃平板活化菌种,24 h后接两环生长良好的菌体入30 mL发酵培养基,30℃,200 rpm培养12 h,然后按照10%( v/v )接种量转接入3L发酵培养基,通空气2 v/vm,转速800 rpm,30 ℃培养。发酵至16h后,开始补加葡萄糖,将葡萄糖的浓度控制为10-15g/L。待菌体生长至对数生长中期后(即发酵36h),向发酵液中投加D/L一蛋氨酸10g。发酵48h后CGMCC No .13760的发酵液中含有19.63 g/L S-腺苷蛋氨酸。较初始菌株相比,S-腺苷蛋氨酸产量提高了26.8倍。
其中,S-腺苷蛋氨酸的检测方法:取体积比为1:9的发酵液与1.5mol/L高氯酸混合溶液,向其中加入10g直径为3mm的玻璃珠,采用漩涡振荡混匀器转振荡破碎30s,取1ml得到的液体采用台式离心机10000r/min 离心1min,采用0.22μm的水系滤头进行过滤;最后采用C18 在流动相为0.01mol/L的甲酸铵溶液(用甲酸调pH至3.0),检测温度为30℃,检测波长254nm,流速为1ml/min的条件下进行检测。
Claims (7)
1.一种高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌株,其分类命名为酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)ty-93620,已保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏编号是CGMCC No .13760。
2.权利要求1所述高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母菌株在发酵生产S-腺苷蛋氨酸中的应用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,将酿酒酵母ty-93620的菌株活化后,在20~45℃下好氧发酵48~96h;
其中,好氧发酵培养基为完全培养基:碳源20~100g/L,氮源20~60g/L,无机盐10~30g/L,其余为水,pH3.0~7 .5。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的碳源为葡萄糖、蔗糖或者甘蔗糖蜜中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的氮源为玉米浆干粉、麦芽汁浸粉、酵母膏或者 ( NH4 )2SO4中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的无机盐为钾盐、锰盐、铁盐、镁盐、锌盐、铜盐、钴盐、钙盐、硫酸盐或磷酸盐的任意一种或几种的组合。
7.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,将酿酒酵母ty-93620的菌株活化后,在30℃下好氧发酵48~72h,转速为800rpm;
其中,所述的好氧发酵培养基为:葡萄糖 60g/L,玉米浆10g/L,麦芽浸粉5g/L,酵母粉15g/L,酸化处理后的糖蜜40 g/L,K2HPO4•3H2O1.6 g/L,KH2PO4 1.25 g/L,MgSO4•7H2O 3.75g/L,FeSO4•7H2O 10mg/L,(NH4)2HPO4 5 g/L,初始pH 5 .0。
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