CN107320514A - 一种佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺。该工艺在佩兰药材采收后，净选、淋洗，并趁鲜压榨，滤取药汁。药渣再加水搅拌，过滤压榨。所得药汁合并后减压浓缩，冷冻干燥。同时，浓缩冷凝液分离挥发油，并与冷冻干燥物混合，过筛装袋。此法制备的佩兰粉末饮片，最大限度的保留了药材中的有效成分。饮片便于储运，方便调剂，质量可控，疗效可靠，对保障中医药临床疗效具有重要的意义。本法的推广实施，将有显著的社会意义和经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药材加工领域，尤其涉及中药佩兰饮片的加工工艺。
背景技术
中药佩兰为菊科植物佩兰Eupatorium fortunei Turcz.的地上部分。本品具有芳香健胃、发汗、利尿的作用，主要用于治疗伤暑头痛，无汗发热，胸闷腹满，口中甜腻，口臭等。
常见的佩兰饮片的加工方式为：在采收期割取其地上部分，切碎，阴干或晒干入药；或者经整理、晒干后，打包储藏和运输。这些干燥的佩兰药材运送到中药饮片厂后，需要淋洗、切片，并重新晒干。现有工艺耗时费力，工序重复，增加了饮片的生产成本。在此过程中不仅会导致其中的水溶性的大量流失，而且其丰富的挥发性有效成分也大量的逸散，从而导致药材品质的下降和临床疗效的降低。此类草药饮片，体积庞大，容易污染和霉变，质量很难保证，不利于配方调剂和确保其临床疗效。
目前，市场上也有佩兰药材经过提取后制成的颗粒饮片销售。由于颗粒饮片制备过程中，提取不仅耗时耗能，而且因常用水做溶媒，药材中的非极性有效成分很难被提取出来。此外，由于提取用的佩兰药材也是干燥并经过长时间储藏的，因此，有效成分的损失也是很大的。为了确保佩兰药材的临床有效、质量稳定，一种新型的佩兰饮片亟待开发。
发明内容
本发明公布了 “一种佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺”。本工艺可以最大限度的保留佩兰药材中的极性和非极性有效成分，避免药材在现有的饮片加工和储运过程中引起的有效成分的丢失和药材品质的下降，减少药材受霉菌等的污染，对确保佩兰饮片的质量稳定和临床安全有效具有重要的意义。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：
在佩兰采收期采集其地上部分，洗净，切成1~2cm的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得佩兰药汁。将所得的佩兰药汁，40~65℃减压浓缩，所得相对密度为1.05~1.30的浸膏于-20~-80℃冰箱中冻结6~24小时，然后进行冷冻干燥，真空度为0.06~0.09MPa，温度为-20~-40℃，冻干时间为12~48小时，取出粉碎。另外，收集减压浓缩所得的佩兰冷凝水，加入1%~5%重量的NaCl，搅拌使溶解后溶液置油水分离器中，于4℃~10℃环境下放置12~48小时，收集上层油，并往其中加入1%~5%重量的无水Na2SO4，振摇5~10min钟后，25℃以下室温放置1~6小时，过滤，得佩兰挥发油，并将其与上述佩兰冻干粉混合均匀，过40~100目筛，真空包装，即得佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片。
在产品包装袋的标签上，印刷上品名、药用部位、种植地、生产商、生产日期、主要成分含量、性味归经、功能主治、用法用量、毒副作用及禁忌证等信息。袋内附上佩兰的薄层鉴别图谱和/或高效液相特征图谱，作为产品的“身份证”。此外，在产品的包装袋上，印有二维码，通过扫描可以链接获取产品的原植物照片、药材照片、饮片照片、性状及显微鉴别特征等信息。
本发明的有益之处在于：
新鲜佩兰药材净选洗涤后直接切段压榨、过滤、减压浓缩、冷冻干燥、分离油、并将挥发油与冷冻干燥物混合，所得到的粉末饮片，可以最大限度地完整保留药材中的有效成分。这种饮片体积较之于传统饮片体积大大地减小，质量更加稳定，利于储运和临床调剂，具有十分显著的社会意义和经济意义。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将新鲜采集的佩兰药材，洗净，切成1cm的段，加入药材重量0.5倍量的水，搅拌15分钟，趁鲜压榨。所得药渣加2倍量的饮用水，搅拌20min，板框压滤机压榨取汁。所得药渣再用压榨机榨取药汁。将上述3次药汁合并，减压浓缩，温度设定为65℃。在浓缩所得浸膏相对密度为1.15时，置-80℃内冻结8小时后，取出，冷冻干燥，压力为0.09Mpa，温度为-40℃，时间为24小时。取出冻干物，低温研磨粉碎。另外，将减压浓缩时收集的佩兰冷凝水，加入重量5%的NaCl，搅拌使溶解。将此溶液放置于油水分离器中，并于10℃环境中静置24小时，分离收集上层挥发油。往此挥发油中加入2%重量的无水Na2SO4，振摇10min钟后，25℃以下室温放置6小时，过滤，得佩兰挥发油。将此挥发油与上述佩兰冷冻干燥物混合均匀，过60目筛，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧化剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即得成品。
实施例2
将新鲜采集的佩兰药材，洗净，切成1cm的段，加入药材重量0.5倍量的水，搅拌15分钟，趁鲜压榨。所得药渣加3倍量的饮用水，搅拌30min，板框压滤机压榨取汁。所得药渣再用压榨机榨取药汁。将上述3次药汁合并，减压浓缩，温度设定为60℃。在浓缩所得浸膏相对密度为1.10时，置-80℃内冻结12小时后，取出，冷冻干燥，压力为0.08Mpa，温度为-20℃，时间为48小时。取出冻干物，低温研磨粉碎。另外，将减压浓缩时收集的佩兰冷凝水，加入重量3%的NaCl，搅拌使溶解。将此溶液放置于油水分离器中，并于10℃环境中静置24小时，分离收集上层挥发油。往此挥发油中加入5%重量的无水Na2SO4，振摇10min钟后，25℃以下室温放置8小时，过滤，得佩兰挥发油。将此挥发油与上述佩兰冷冻干燥物混合均匀，过80目筛，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧化剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即得成品。
以上实施例，仅为说明本项发明的技术思想，不能凭此限定本发明的保护范围 凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明保护的范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：在佩兰采收期采集其地上部分，洗净，切成1~2cm的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得佩兰药汁。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：将权利要求1中所得的佩兰药汁，40~65℃减压浓缩，所得相对密度为1.05~1.30的浸膏于-20~-80℃冰箱中冻结6~24小时，然后进行冷冻干燥，真空度为0.06~0.09MPa，温度为-20~-40℃，冻干时间为12~48小时，取出粉碎。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：收集权利要求2中的减压浓缩所得的佩兰冷凝水，加入1%~5%重量的NaCl，搅拌使溶解后溶液置油水分离器中，于4℃~10℃环境下放置12~48小时，收集上层油，并往其中加入1%~5%重量的无水Na2SO4，振摇5~10min钟后，25℃以下室温放置1~6小时，过滤，得佩兰挥发油，并将其与权利要2中的佩兰冻干粉混合均匀，过40~100目筛，真空包装，即得佩兰鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片。
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| CN105213475A (zh) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-01-06 | 芜湖天成普阳中药科技有限公司 | 一种薄荷鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
| CN105213453A (zh) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-01-06 | 芜湖天成普阳中药科技有限公司 | 一种蒲公英鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
| CN105596416A (zh) * | 2016-02-11 | 2016-05-25 | 徐自升 | 一种苏叶鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
| CN105641012A (zh) * | 2016-02-11 | 2016-06-08 | 徐自升 | 一种艾叶鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
| CN105998136A (zh) * | 2016-07-23 | 2016-10-12 | 徐自升 | 一种金银花鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
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