CN107485633A - 一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺。该工艺在艾叶药材采收后，净选、淋洗，并趁鲜压榨，滤取药汁。药渣再加水搅拌，过滤压榨。所得药汁合并后减压浓缩，喷雾干燥；浓缩冷凝液分离挥发油，并与喷雾干燥物混合，过筛装袋。此法制备的艾叶粉末饮片，最大限度的保留了药材中的有效成分。饮片便于储运，方便调剂，质量可控，疗效可靠，对保障中医药临床疗效具有重要的意义。本法的推广实施，将有显著的社会意义和经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药材加工领域，尤其涉及中药艾叶饮片的加工工艺。
背景技术
中药艾叶为菊科植物艾Artemisia argyi Levl. Et Vant.的干燥叶。本品温经止血，散寒止痛，外用祛湿止痒。主要用于吐血、崩漏、月经过多，胎漏下血，少腹冷痛，经寒不调，宫冷不孕等的治疗。
常用的艾叶饮片的加工方式为：夏季花未开时采摘，除去杂质，晒干，打包储藏和运输。此类中药饮片，体积庞大，容易污染和霉变，卫生学条件差，质量很难保证，不利于配方调剂和确保其临床疗效。
目前，市场上也有艾叶药材经过提取后制成的颗粒饮片销售。由于颗粒饮片制备过程中，提取不仅耗时耗能，而且因常用水做溶媒，药材中的非极性有效成分很难被提取出来。此外，由于提取用的艾叶药材也是干燥并经过长时间储藏的，因此，有效成分的损失也是很大的。为了确保艾叶药材的临床有效、质量稳定，一种新型的艾叶饮片及其制备工艺亟待开发。
发明内容
本发明公布了 “一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺”。本工艺可以最大限度的保留艾叶药材中的极性和非极性有效成分，避免药材在现有的饮片加工和储运过程中引起的有效成分的丢失和药材品质的下降，减少药材受霉菌等的污染，对确保艾叶饮片的质量稳定和临床安全有效具有重要的意义。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：
在艾叶采收后，洗净，切成1~2cm的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，留存0.1%~0.5%重量的初榨药汁备用，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得艾叶药汁。将所得的艾叶药汁，40~80℃减压浓缩，对所得到的相对密度为1.02~1.10的浓缩液进行喷雾干燥，进风口温度为90~120℃，出风口温度为70~100℃。收集喷干产物并粉碎。收集上述减压浓缩所得的艾叶冷凝水，加入1%~5%重量的NaCl，搅拌使溶解，溶液置油水分离器中，于4℃~10℃环境下放置12~48小时，收集上部油层，得艾叶挥发油，用挥发油重量5%~10%的β-环糊精包合后，将其与权利要2中的艾叶喷雾干燥粉混合均匀，过40~100目筛，真空包装，即得艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片。
在产品包装袋的标签上，印刷上品名、药用部位、种植地、生产商、生产日期、主要成分含量、性味归经、功能主治、用法用量、毒副作用及禁忌证等信息。袋内附上艾叶的薄层鉴别图谱和/或高效液相特征图谱，作为产品的“身份证”。此外，在产品的包装袋上，印有二维码，通过扫描可以链接获取产品的原植物照片、药材照片、饮片照片、性状及显微鉴别特征等信息。
本发明的有益之处在于：
新鲜艾叶药材净选洗涤后直接压榨、过滤、减压浓缩、喷雾干燥、分离挥发油、喷干粉与挥发油混合，所得到的粉末饮片，可以最大限度地完整保留药材中的有效成分。 这种饮片体积较之于传统饮片体积大大地减小，质量更加稳定，利于储运和临床调剂，具有十分显著的社会意义和经济意义。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将新鲜采集的艾叶药材，洗净，切成1cm的段，加入药材重量0.5倍量的水，搅拌15分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁。所得药渣再用压榨机榨取药汁。将上述药汁合并，减压浓缩，温度设定为65℃。在浓缩液相对密度为1.05时，喷雾干燥，进风口温度为110℃，出风口温度为80℃，收集干燥物并粉碎。另外，将减压浓缩时收集的艾叶冷凝水，加入重量5%的NaCl，搅拌使溶解。将此溶液放置于油水分离器中，并于10℃环境中静置24小时，分离收集上层挥发油。用挥发油重量5%的β-环糊精包合后，将其与艾叶喷雾干燥粉混合均匀，过60目筛，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧化剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即得成品。
实施例2
将新鲜采集的艾叶药材，洗净，切成2cm的段，加入药材重量1倍量的水，搅拌30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁。所得药渣再用压榨机榨取药汁。将上述药汁合并，减压浓缩，温度设定为65℃。在浓缩液相对密度为1.05时，喷雾干燥，进风口温度为110℃，出风口温度为80℃，收集干燥物并粉碎。另外，将减压浓缩时收集的艾叶冷凝水，加入重量5%的NaCl，搅拌使溶解。将此溶液放置于油水分离器中，并于10℃环境中静置24小时，分离收集上层挥发油。用挥发油重量10%的β-环糊精包合后，将其与艾叶喷雾干燥粉混合均匀，过60目筛，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧化剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即得成品。
以上实施例，仅为说明本项发明的技术思想，不能凭此限定本发明的保护范围 凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明保护的范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：在艾叶采收后，洗净，切成1~2cm的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，留存0.1%~0.5%重量的初榨药汁备用，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得艾叶药汁。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：将权利要求1中所得的艾叶药汁，40~80℃减压浓缩，所得相对密度为1.02~1.10的浓缩液喷雾干燥，进风口温度为90~120℃，出风口温度为70~100℃，收集喷干产物并粉碎。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：收集权利要求2中的减压浓缩所得的艾叶冷凝水，加入1%~5%重量的NaCl，搅拌使溶解，溶液置油水分离器中，于4℃~10℃环境下放置12~48小时，收集上部油层，得艾叶挥发油，用挥发油重量5%~10%的β-环糊精包合后，将其与权利要2中的艾叶喷雾干燥粉混合均匀，过40~100目筛，真空包装，即得艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片。
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| CN105520987A (zh) * | 2016-02-11 | 2016-04-27 | 徐自升 | 一种艾叶鲜榨真空干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
| CN105520986A (zh) * | 2016-02-11 | 2016-04-27 | 徐自升 | 一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
| CN105641012A (zh) * | 2016-02-11 | 2016-06-08 | 徐自升 | 一种艾叶鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片及其制备工艺 |
| CN105663199A (zh) * | 2016-02-11 | 2016-06-15 | 徐自升 | 一种艾叶鲜榨喷雾干燥颗粒饮片及其制备工艺 |
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| CN112791111A (zh) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-14 | 朱业林 | 一种抗菌祛寒艾草精华液提取制备方法 |
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