CN107314086B - Multifunctional engine with anti-backward-sliding function and motor tricycle - Google Patents
Multifunctional engine with anti-backward-sliding function and motor tricycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107314086B CN107314086B CN201710742319.5A CN201710742319A CN107314086B CN 107314086 B CN107314086 B CN 107314086B CN 201710742319 A CN201710742319 A CN 201710742319A CN 107314086 B CN107314086 B CN 107314086B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with means for synchronisation not incorporated in the clutches
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/22—Locking of the control input devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional engine with anti-backward slip function, which is characterized in that: the anti-backsliding device comprises a heat engine (16), a built-in speed change mechanism (17), a built-in reversing mechanism (18) and a built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism (19) which are sequentially connected along the longitudinal direction, wherein an anti-backsliding device (20) is arranged at the output end of the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism (19). The engine of the invention can improve the structural strength.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an engine with back slip prevention, in particular to a multifunctional engine capable of being used on a motor tricycle.
Background art:
the main functional components of the engine on the existing motor tricycle comprise a heat engine, a speed change mechanism and a reverse gear mechanism. And part of the engines on the motorcycle are externally arranged, namely, the gear mechanism is arranged outside the engine box body. In part of the motorcycle engine, a reverse gear mechanism is arranged in an engine box body.
The existing motorcycle engine has a single functional structure, is limited by the space limitation of a motorcycle frame, and cannot improve the functionality. The performance of the engine is easily influenced by increasing the functions of the engine in an externally-hung mode, the engine box is easy to damage, and in addition, the externally-hung engine is poor in leak resistance and lubricating performance.
Chinese patent CN202023629U discloses a motor tricycle engine, which comprises a built-in reverse gear mechanism, wherein the axis of the output shaft of the built-in reverse gear mechanism is parallel to the axis of the counter shaft, an output driving gear and a reverse gear are sleeved on the counter shaft, the reverse gear is meshed with a carrier gear, a reverse gear sliding sleeve is arranged between the reverse gear and the output driving gear, an output driven gear and a reverse gear driven gear are coaxially and fixedly connected to the output shaft, the reverse gear sliding sleeve is connected with a reverse gear control device specially used for reverse gear control, and the input end of the reverse gear control device extends out of the engine body.
The motor tricycle engine in the above patent, its structural arrangement is unreasonable, and the structure is loose makes engine performance reduce and the cost increases, and in addition, its functionality is few, and the speed range of traveling is narrow, and the suitability is poor. And also has the disadvantage of low strength.
The existing motor tricycle is mostly used for carrying cargoes, and has large bearing capacity, so that the phenomenon of backward slip of the vehicle can be inevitable when starting or stopping on a slope. This is likely to cause danger, and is likely to cause injury to vehicles and cargo, particularly humans.
The utility model discloses a prevent back swift current combination formula derailleur in chinese patent CN206361141U to specifically disclose the derailleur and have input and output, be equipped with in the pivot of output and be used for hindering the contrary mechanism that ends of pivot reversal, contrary mechanism that ends includes the ratchet and is used for the locking ratchet pivoted lock pin, the ratchet pass through freewheel clutch with the pivot cooperation, the inner circle transmission of freewheel clutch cooperates in the pivot, and the outer lane transmission cooperates in the ratchet, the ratchet excircle has gear structure, realizes the locking of ratchet in the lock pin embedding tooth's socket. The locking round pin lets it break away from with the ratchet to the structure of stepping down under the effect of spring, through reversing gear declutching axle, can make the locking round pin overcome the elasticity of spring and block the locking round pin in the tooth's socket of ratchet. Wherein, the abdicating structure can be in a groove shape, a hole shape and the like.
By adopting the vehicle anti-backward-sliding component, the tricycle can be safely stopped on a steep slope, and the tricycle can be prevented from backward sliding when starting on the steep slope.
However, through a lot of tests on the anti-back-slip assembly disclosed in the above patent, it is found that when a vehicle normally runs, a state that the locking pin and the ratchet wheel are locked is easily generated, and thus, the vehicle cannot be backed up, the transmission needs to be disassembled for repair, which takes time and causes downtime.
In addition, in the test process, the mounting concentricity is difficult to guarantee, so that the problems of shell abrasion, falling off of the overrunning clutch, scrapping and the like are caused when the overrunning clutch and the locking pin are clamped and separated from each other unsmoothly. In addition, the load-bearing capacity of the anti-back-slip component is too low, and when the load of the tricycle is too high, the anti-back-slip component fails and cannot play a role at all.
Moreover, after a plurality of tests of the inventor, the average service life of the anti-back-slip assembly is only 1-2 kilokilometers even if the problems do not occur, and when the vehicle runs for more than two kilokilometers, the anti-back-slip assembly is completely scrapped and cannot be used.
Finally, the anti-back-slip assembly of the above patent requires high precision in manufacturing the parts, and the concentricity is difficult to satisfy, resulting in high cost.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a multifunctional engine with high strength and anti-back slipping function.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by: the utility model provides a multi-functional engine of swift current after area is prevented which characterized in that: the anti-backward-sliding device comprises a heat engine, a built-in speed change mechanism, a built-in reversing mechanism and a built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism which are sequentially connected along the longitudinal direction, wherein an anti-backward-sliding device is arranged at the output end of the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism.
The multifunctional engine arranged in the mode can improve the speed change range of the engine, further improve the applicability of the engine, and the engine with the mode is compact in structure, strong in functionality and high in strength. In addition, the multifunctional engine can have the back slip prevention function, so that the back slip phenomenon can not occur when the vehicle starts on a steep slope or stops on the steep slope.
In order to further improve the speed regulation range and increase the torque, the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism comprises an input shaft and an output shaft, at least one pair of gear pairs is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft, and the anti-backward-slip device is arranged at the output end of the output shaft.
In order to further improve the assembly speed, an input bevel gear is arranged at the input end of the input shaft, and the input bevel gear is in meshing transmission with an output bevel gear of the built-in reversing mechanism. By adopting the arrangement mode, the structure is compact, and the occupied space is small.
Preferably, the two pairs of gear pairs between the input shaft and the output shaft are a high-speed gear pair and a low-speed gear pair, the synchronizer is arranged on the input shaft or the output shaft between the high-speed gear pair and the low-speed gear pair, and the reverse gear mechanism is further arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft.
For further reduce cost, reverse gear mechanism includes that circumference is fixed and smooth to be established reverse gear driving gear Z5 on the input shaft is fixed reverse gear driven gear Z7 on the synchronous ware outer wall, and can with reverse gear driving gear Z5 and the carrier gear Z6 that reverse gear driven gear Z7 meshed mutually, reverse gear driving gear Z5 is in through reverse gear shift fork and reverse gear shift fork axle slide on the input shaft.
In order to further improve the functionality of the engine, the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism (further comprises a multifunctional shaft fixed on the shell through a bearing, a multifunctional switcher is circumferentially fixed on the multifunctional shaft in a sliding mode, and a multifunctional output interface is arranged at the tail end of the multifunctional output shaft.
In order to further improve the use smoothness and the service life of the backward slipping prevention device, the backward slipping prevention device comprises a one-way rotating mechanism which is sleeved on the output shaft in a hollow mode, the one-way rotating mechanism comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring can only rotate towards one direction relative to the outer ring, the inner ring is combined with and separated from the output shaft through a synchronizing mechanism, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the shell.
By adopting the anti-backward-sliding device, the one-way rotating mechanism and the output shaft are arranged concentrically, so that smooth switching of the combination of the one-way rotating mechanism and the output shaft is realized, and the problem that the vehicle cannot be backed up due to blocking is avoided. In addition, the anti-backward-slip system adopting the arrangement mode has the advantages that the shell cannot be abraded, the one-way rotating mechanism cannot be separated and lose efficacy, and the service life of the anti-backward-slip system is prolonged. In addition, the arrangement mode improves the dynamic and static load strength of the one-way rotating mechanism, and even if the motor tricycle is under heavy load, the anti-backward-slip system cannot be out of work, and normal work can still be guaranteed.
In order to further improve the dynamic and static load strength, the outer ring of the one-way rotating mechanism is locked on the inner hole of the shell through a bolt. Thus, the system life can be further improved.
In order to further optimize the structure and improve the compactness of the structure, the output shaft is provided with synchronous teeth, the inner ring of the one-way rotating mechanism is provided with combined teeth, and the synchronous teeth and the combined teeth realize power transmission and separation through the synchronous mechanism. With this arrangement, structural strength can be increased in addition to making the structure more compact.
Preferably, the synchronizing teeth are external teeth and are integrally provided with the output shaft or are splined to the output shaft.
Preferably, the coupling teeth are provided integrally with the inner race.
In order to further facilitate maintenance, the inner ring comprises a one-way rotary connector and a combination sleeve, the combination sleeve is sleeved outside the output shaft in an empty mode, and the one-way rotary connector is arranged outside the combination sleeve and can rotate synchronously with the combination sleeve. Moreover, by adopting the arrangement mode, the structures can be attached to each other, the structural rigidity is improved, the manufacturing difficulty is reduced, and the service life is further prolonged.
Wherein the unidirectional rotary adaptor is a cam wedge mechanism.
In order to further make work smoother, the combination tooth is the external tooth unanimous with the gear parameter of synchronizing tooth, synchronizing mechanism includes the synchronizer ring outside card is equipped with the shift fork, the synchronizer ring can with synchronizing tooth and combination tooth meshing transmission.
To further simplify the structure, the shift fork is combined with a reverse shift fork shaft.
A motor tricycle comprises the multifunctional engine with the anti-backward-sliding function.
Has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a multifunctional engine with anti-backward sliding function for a motor tricycle, which comprises the following components:
1. the multifunctional engine can match various running speeds, improves the applicability of the engine, has reasonable structure and small occupied space, ensures that the area of the box body is small, and reduces the cost of the engine. The engine is easier to manufacture and process, and the economic performance is improved.
2. The anti-backward-slip device is combined with the engine, so that the engine has the anti-backward-slip function, the use safety performance of the engine is improved, and in addition, the engine also has the advantages of good use performance, high transmission efficiency, good lubricating performance, good leak resistance, high strength and the like;
3. the anti-backward-slip device is high in installation precision and concentricity, and the problem of blocking of an anti-backward-slip system of the existing tricycle in the working process is solved;
4. the work switching of the backward sliding prevention device is smooth, the normal forward and backward of the vehicle cannot be influenced, and the situation of clamping stagnation cannot occur;
5. the anti-backward-sliding device does not wear the shell, has high installation reliability, and ensures that the one-way rotating mechanism does not fall off or move, so that the service life of the one-way rotating mechanism is long;
6. the anti-back-slip device has high dynamic and static load strength, and can keep a normal working state even if a vehicle is in a heavy-load state, so that the anti-back-slip device cannot lose efficacy;
7. the service life of the whole vehicle is long, and no problem occurs when the vehicle runs for more than 2-3 kilometers.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a view of the transmission structure of the multifunctional engine (without the multifunctional shaft) in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing a transmission structure of the multi-function engine (with a multi-function shaft) according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of the built-in subtransmission mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of a built-in sub-transmission mechanism (with a multi-function shaft) according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural view of the built-in sub-transmission mechanism (without the multi-function shaft) in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of the anti-back-slip device of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an exploded view of fig. 6.
Description of reference numerals: 1 an output shaft; 2, a unidirectional rotating mechanism; 201 an inner ring; 202, an outer ring; 201a unidirectional rotation coupling; 201b a coupling sleeve; 3, a shell; 4, bolts; 5, synchronous teeth; 6, combining teeth; 8, an oil-retaining bearing; 9 a synchronizer ring; 10, shifting a fork; 11 a reverse gear shift fork shaft; 12 an input shaft; 13 a multi-function shaft; 14 a multifunction switch; 15 a synchronizer; 16 a heat engine; a 161 crankshaft; 17 a built-in speed change mechanism; 171 a main shaft; 172 a countershaft; 18 a built-in reversing mechanism; 181 reversing the driving shaft; 19 an auxiliary transmission mechanism is arranged inside; 20 an anti-back-slip device; a Z1 high speed drive gear; z2 high speed driven gear; z3 low speed drive gear; z4 low speed driven gear; z5 reverse drive gear; z6 idler gear; z7 reverse driven gear; z9 output bevel gear; z10 inputs bevel gears.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments will still fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional engine with anti-back-slip function comprises a heat engine 16, an internal speed change mechanism 17, an internal reversing mechanism 18 and an internal auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 which are sequentially connected along a longitudinal direction, wherein an anti-back-slip device 20 is arranged at an output end of the internal auxiliary speed change mechanism 19.
The heat engine 16 is used for providing power for the engine, the built-in speed change mechanism 17 is used for changing the output rotating speed of the engine, the built-in reversing mechanism 18 is used for reversing the power transmission direction of the engine from the transverse direction to the longitudinal direction, the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 is also used for adjusting the rotating speed of the engine, and the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 can also realize the forward and reverse rotation of the engine, so that the vehicle can run backwards.
An output end of the heat engine 16 is connected to an input end of the built-in speed change mechanism 17, an output end of the built-in speed change mechanism 17 is connected to an input end of the built-in reversing mechanism 18, an output end of the built-in reversing mechanism 18 is connected to an input end of the built-in sub speed change mechanism 19, and the anti-back slip device 20 is provided at an output end of the built-in sub speed change mechanism 19.
The multifunctional engine of the embodiment can match various running speeds, improves the applicability of the engine, and is reasonable in structural arrangement, small in occupied space, small in box area and capable of reducing the cost of the engine. The engine is easier to manufacture and process, and the economic performance is improved. And has strong functionality and high strength.
The multifunctional engine in the embodiment also has the anti-backward-slip performance, so that the danger of backward slip of the vehicle can be avoided no matter the vehicle starts or runs on a steep slope or stops on the steep slope.
A three-wheeled motorcycle includes the multifunction engine with anti-rollback of the present embodiment.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the multifunctional engine with anti-back-slip function comprises a heat engine 16, an internal speed change mechanism 17, an internal reversing mechanism 18 and an internal auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 which are sequentially connected along the longitudinal direction, wherein an anti-back-slip device 20 is arranged at the output end of the internal auxiliary speed change mechanism 19.
The heat engine 16 is used for providing power for the engine, the built-in speed change mechanism 17 is used for changing the output rotating speed of the engine, the built-in reversing mechanism 18 is used for reversing the power transmission direction of the engine from the transverse direction to the longitudinal direction, the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 is also used for regulating the rotating speed of the engine, the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 can also realize the forward and reverse rotation of the engine so as to enable the vehicle to run backwards, and the anti-back-slip device 20 is further arranged at the output end of the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19.
In the present embodiment, the crankshaft 161 of the heat engine 16 is in transmission connection with the main shaft 171 of the internal speed change mechanism 17 through a spur gear pair, the auxiliary shaft 172 of the internal speed change mechanism 17 is in transmission connection with the reversing drive shaft 181 of the internal reversing mechanism 18 through a spur gear pair, and an output bevel gear Z9 is fixed on the reversing drive shaft 181. The built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism 19 comprises an input shaft 12 and an output shaft 1, wherein an input bevel gear Z10 is arranged at the input end of the input shaft 12, and the input bevel gear Z10 is in meshing transmission with the output bevel gear Z9.
Wherein the input bevel gear Z10 is provided separately from the input shaft 12. In the present embodiment, however, the input shaft 12 is integrally provided with the input bevel gear Z10.
In addition, a plurality of gear pairs with different transmission ratios can be arranged between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 1 of the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism, so that the functions of reducing speed, increasing torque or increasing speed can be realized. Such as two sets of gear pairs, three sets of gear pairs, four sets of gear pairs, five sets of gear pairs, six sets of gear pairs or more.
In the present embodiment, there are two sets of gear pairs provided between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 1, i.e., a high-speed gear pair and a low-speed gear pair, but both of the two sets of gear pairs are for reducing speed and increasing torque.
The high-speed gear pair comprises a high-speed driving gear Z1 fixedly arranged on the input shaft 12 and a high-speed driven gear Z2 in meshing transmission with the high-speed driving gear Z1 and sleeved on the output shaft 1 in an empty mode; the low-speed gear pair comprises a low-speed driving gear Z3 fixedly arranged on the input shaft 12 and a low-speed driven gear Z4 which is in meshing transmission with the low-speed driving gear Z3 and is freely sleeved on the output shaft 1; a synchronizer 15 is provided on the output shaft 1 between the high-speed driven gear Z2 and the low-speed driven gear Z4, and high-speed output or low-speed output is achieved by the engagement of the synchronizer 15 with the high-speed driven gear Z2 or the low-speed driven gear Z4.
The anti-back-slip device 20 according to the present embodiment includes a one-way rotation mechanism 2 that is idly fitted over the output shaft 1, an inner ring 201 of the one-way rotation mechanism 2 is coupled to and separated from the output shaft 1 by a synchronization mechanism, and an outer ring 202 of the one-way rotation mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 3.
The unidirectional rotation mechanism 2 can be a mechanism which can realize unidirectional rotation, such as a unidirectional combination bearing, a unidirectional clutch, an overrunning clutch and the like which can be purchased in the existing market.
The inner ring 201 is sleeved on the output shaft 1 in a hollow manner, that is, a gap is formed between the inner ring 201 and the output shaft 1, the output shaft 1 cannot directly act on the inner ring 201 of the unidirectional rotation mechanism 2, and the power transmission between the output shaft 1 and the unidirectional rotation mechanism 2 can be realized only through a synchronization mechanism.
In this embodiment, the outer ring 202 of the unidirectional rotation mechanism 2 is in a fixed state, and the inner ring 201 realizes power transmission and separation with the output shaft 1 through a synchronization mechanism, wherein the synchronization mechanism may be an existing mechanism such as a synchronization ring, a synchronization gear, or a synchronizer.
In the present embodiment, the rotatable direction of the inner race 201 is set to coincide with the forward direction of the output shaft 1 (the rotational direction when the vehicle is running forward). When the vehicle moves forward, the output shaft 1 is combined with the inner ring 201 through the synchronization mechanism, and at the moment, the output shaft 1 drives the inner ring to rotate, so that the inner ring 201 of the one-way rotation mechanism only has one rotation direction relative to the outer ring 202 and rotates synchronously with the output shaft, once the output shaft rotates reversely, the output shaft drives the inner ring 201 to rotate reversely together, and the outer ring 202 limits the reverse rotation of the inner ring 201, so that the reverse rotation cannot be realized, and therefore, the output shaft 1 cannot rotate reversely.
Therefore, when the vehicle stops on a steep slope or starts on the steep slope, the output shaft 1 can be prevented from reversely rotating, and the vehicle is prevented from slipping backwards.
When the vehicle needs to reverse, the output shaft 1 and the inner ring 201 are in a separated state through the synchronous mechanism, and the inner ring 201 is only empty on the output shaft 1. At this time, the output shaft 1 cannot drive the unidirectional rotation mechanism 2 to rotate, so that the output shaft 1 rotates reversely to realize reverse.
The outer ring 202 of the unidirectional rotation mechanism 2 of the embodiment is concentrically installed with the output shaft 1 through the shell 3, the inner ring 201 is located in the outer ring 202 and is sleeved outside the output shaft 1, and meanwhile, the concentric installation with the output shaft 1 is realized through a synchronization mechanism, so that the limiting is performed. Guarantee that single-direction rotary mechanism 2 is in reliable position in the course of the work, realized smooth and easy switching between single-direction rotary mechanism 2 and output shaft 1, avoid the problem that leads to can't back a car because of the card is dead.
The outer ring is locked on the shell, so that the dynamic and static load strength of the one-way rotating mechanism 2 is improved, and even if the motor tricycle is under heavy load, the backward sliding prevention system can not be out of work, and normal work can still be guaranteed.
In addition, by adopting the multifunctional engine with the back slip prevention function, the shell 3 cannot be abraded, the one-way rotating mechanism cannot be separated and invalid, the connecting mechanism is high in strength, high in dynamic and static load strength and reliable in installation, the service life of the back slip prevention system is further prolonged, and the back slip prevention system can run for 2 kilometers without being damaged.
In summary, with the engine of the present embodiment, power is transmitted to the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism 19 through the heat engine 16 and is output through the output shaft 1 of the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism 19, in this process, various driving speeds can be matched, and the applicability of the engine is improved. The engine is easier to manufacture and process, and the economic performance is improved.
In addition, the engine of the embodiment also has the back slipping prevention performance, so that the safety performance is high. And the advantages of good service performance, high transmission efficiency, good lubricating performance, good leak resistance, high strength and the like.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the high-speed gear pair includes a high-speed driving gear Z1 that is freely sleeved on the input shaft 12 and a high-speed driven gear Z2 that is fixedly attached to the output shaft 1, the low-speed gear pair includes a low-speed driving gear Z3 that is freely sleeved on the input shaft 12 and a low-speed driven gear Z4 that is fixedly attached to the output shaft 1, and the synchronizer 15 is disposed on the input shaft between the high-speed driving gear Z1 and the low-speed driving gear Z3.
As another implementation manner in this embodiment, the transmission further includes a multifunctional shaft 13, the multifunctional shaft 13 is fixed on the housing 3 through a bearing, the multifunctional shaft 13 is circumferentially fixed and slidably provided with a multifunctional switch 14, the multifunctional switch 14 is toggled by a fork or other toggle mechanism to slide on the multifunctional shaft 13, so that the multifunctional switch can be engaged with the high-speed driving gear Z1 or the low-speed driving gear Z2 on the input shaft 12, so as to achieve multifunctional output, and a multifunctional output interface is provided at the tail end of the multifunctional shaft 13, so as to facilitate connection with other mechanisms.
A three-wheeled motorcycle includes the multifunctional engine with anti-back-slip in the present embodiment.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the multifunctional engine with anti-back-slip function comprises a heat engine 16, an internal speed change mechanism 17, an internal reversing mechanism 18 and an internal auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 which are sequentially connected along the longitudinal direction, wherein an anti-back-slip device 20 is arranged at the output end of the internal auxiliary speed change mechanism 19.
The heat engine 16 is used for providing power for the engine, the built-in speed change mechanism 17 is used for changing the output rotating speed of the engine, the built-in reversing mechanism 18 is used for reversing the power transmission direction of the engine from the transverse direction to the longitudinal direction, the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 is also used for regulating the rotating speed of the engine, the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19 can also realize the forward and reverse rotation of the engine so as to enable the vehicle to run backwards, and the anti-back-slip device 20 is further arranged at the output end of the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism 19.
In the present embodiment, the crankshaft 161 of the heat engine 16 is in transmission connection with the main shaft 171 of the internal speed change mechanism 17 through a spur gear pair, the auxiliary shaft 172 of the internal speed change mechanism 17 is in transmission connection with the reversing drive shaft 181 of the internal reversing mechanism 18 through a spur gear pair, and an output bevel gear Z9 is fixed on the reversing drive shaft 181. The built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism 19 comprises an input shaft 12 and an output shaft 1, wherein an input bevel gear Z10 is arranged at the input end 1 of the input shaft 12, and the input bevel gear Z10 is in meshing transmission with the output bevel gear Z9.
Wherein the input bevel gear Z10 is provided separately from the input shaft 12. In the present embodiment, however, the input shaft 12 is integrally provided with the input bevel gear Z10.
In addition, a plurality of gear pairs with different transmission ratios can be arranged between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 1 of the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism 19, so that the functions of reducing speed, increasing torque or increasing speed can be realized. Such as two sets of gear pairs, three sets of gear pairs, four sets of gear pairs, five sets of gear pairs, six sets of gear pairs or more.
In the present embodiment, there are two sets of gear pairs provided between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 1, i.e., a high-speed gear pair and a low-speed gear pair, but both of the two sets of gear pairs are for reducing speed and increasing torque.
The high-speed gear pair comprises a high-speed driving gear Z1 fixedly arranged on the input shaft 12 and a high-speed driven gear Z2 in meshing transmission with the high-speed driving gear Z1 and sleeved on the output shaft 1 in an empty mode; the low-speed gear pair comprises a low-speed driving gear Z3 fixedly arranged on the input shaft 12 and a low-speed driven gear Z4 which is in meshing transmission with the low-speed driving gear Z3 and is freely sleeved on the output shaft 1; a synchronizer 15 is provided on an output shaft between the high-speed driven gear Z2 and the low-speed driven gear Z4, and high-speed output or low-speed output is achieved by the engagement of the synchronizer 15 with the high-speed driven gear Z2 or the low-speed driven gear Z4.
In addition, the built-in range-ratio transmission mechanism Z19 further has a reverse mechanism for forward and reverse rotation thereof, the reverse mechanism including a reverse drive gear Z5 provided on the input shaft 12, a reverse driven gear Z7 provided on the output shaft 1, and a carrier gear Z6 engageable with the reverse drive gear Z5 and the reverse driven gear Z7 at the same time.
In this embodiment, the reverse driving gear Z5 is fixed circumferentially and slidably disposed on the input shaft 12, and slides on the input shaft 12 through the reverse fork and the reverse fork shaft 11, the reverse driven gear Z7 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the synchronizer 15, and when the synchronizer 15 is located in the middle (not combined with the high-speed driven gear Z2 or the low-speed driven gear Z4) and engaged with the intermediate gear Z6, the reverse driving gear Z5 is driven through the reverse fork shaft 11 to be engaged with the intermediate gear Z6, and at this time, reverse gear is achieved.
Further, as the anti-back-slip device in the present embodiment, it is provided at the rear end of the power output of the output shaft 1, near the transmission case, and the outer ring 202 of the one-way rotation mechanism 2 is axially locked by a bolt 4 to an inner hole of the case 3 (the case may be a case incorporating a sub-transmission mechanism, a case of the whole engine, or a case provided separately as the anti-back-slip device), and a plurality of lock positions may be provided and uniformly distributed around the outer ring 202, thereby securing the coupling strength between the outer ring and the case 3.
Through the hole site that is used for installing output shaft 1 that sets up on casing 3, aim at the center of outer lane 202 and the center of hole site, then adopt bolt 4 to lock it on casing 3's hole, ensured outer lane 202 and output shaft 1's concentricity through casing 3, it is low to outer lane 202 processing requirement, and the concentricity can improve.
The inner ring 201 is sleeved on the output shaft 1 in a hollow manner, that is, a gap is formed between the inner ring 201 and the output shaft 1, the output shaft 1 cannot directly act on the inner ring of the unidirectional rotating mechanism 2, and the power transmission between the output shaft 1 and the unidirectional rotating mechanism 2 can be realized only through a synchronizing mechanism, and the specific structure has the following modes:
the first method is as follows: the output shaft 1 is provided with a synchronizing gear 5, and the synchronizing gear 5 is an external gear and is integrally arranged with the output shaft 1 or is in key connection with the output shaft 1. In the present embodiment, the synchronizing teeth 5 are splined to the output shaft 1. The inner ring 201 is provided with a combination tooth 6, the combination tooth 6 is also an external tooth, and the combination tooth 6 is an external tooth having gear parameters consistent with those of the synchronizing teeth 5. And the synchronizing mechanism comprises a synchronizing ring 9, the synchronizing ring 9 is provided with an internal gear which can be meshed with the synchronizing teeth 5 for transmission, the outer wall of the synchronizing ring 9 is provided with a ring groove, and a shifting fork 10 is arranged in the ring groove. The shifting fork 10 can shift the synchronizing ring 9 to be simultaneously meshed with the synchronizing teeth 5 and the combining teeth 6, at the moment, the output shaft 1 is combined with the inner ring 201 through the synchronizing teeth 5, and the inner ring 201 and the output shaft 1 synchronously rotate; the shifting fork 10 can also shift the synchronizing ring 9 to be only meshed with the synchronizing teeth 5, at the moment, the inner ring 201 is only sleeved on the output shaft 1 in a hollow mode, and the output shaft 1 cannot drive the inner ring 201 to rotate.
The second method comprises the following steps: the inner ring 201 comprises a unidirectional rotation connector 201a and a combination sleeve 201b, the combination sleeve 201b is sleeved outside the output shaft 1 in a hollow mode, and the unidirectional rotation connector 201a is arranged outside the combination sleeve 201b and can rotate synchronously with the combination sleeve 201b to form fixed connection; and the one-way rotary joint 201a can only achieve one-way rotation with respect to the outer ring 202, that is, in accordance with the normal rotation direction of the output shaft 1.
And the combination tooth 6 sets up on the combination cover 201b, combination tooth 6 on the combination cover 201b for can with synchronous tooth 5 meshing transmission's internal gear be provided with the annular on the outer wall of combination tooth 6 be provided with shift fork 10 in the annular. The shifting fork 10 can shift the combination sleeve 201b to make the combination teeth 6 on the combination sleeve engage with or separate from the synchronizing teeth 5, when the combination teeth 6 engage with the synchronizing teeth 5, the output shaft 1 drives the combination sleeve 201b and the one-way rotary connector 201a to rotate, i.e. drives the inner ring 201 to rotate; when the engaging teeth 6 are separated from the synchronizing teeth 5, the output shaft 1 and the engaging sleeve 201b are in a power separated state, and the output shaft 1 cannot drive the inner ring 201 to rotate.
The third method comprises the following steps: in this mode, combine tooth 6 to locate still on combining cover 201b, only combine tooth 6 be for with the unanimous external tooth of 5 gear parameters of synchronizing tooth 5 the external toothing of synchronizing tooth has synchronizer ring 9, synchronizer ring 9 through shifting fork 10 stir can realize simultaneously with synchronizing tooth 5 meshes with combining tooth 6, also can realize only with synchronizing tooth 5 meshes. When the synchronizing ring 9 is simultaneously meshed with the synchronizing teeth 5 and the combining teeth 6, the output shaft 1 drives the inner ring 201 to rotate, and when the synchronizing ring 9 is only meshed with the synchronizing teeth 5, the output shaft 1 cannot drive the inner ring 201 to rotate.
When the vehicle is in a forward traveling state or a parking state, the inner race 201 is brought into a coupled state with the output shaft 1 by a synchronizer. At this time, since the inner ring 201 can only rotate in one direction, that is, the inner ring rotates in accordance with the normal rotation (forward direction) of the output shaft 1, the vehicle can be effectively prevented from slipping after climbing, starting from a steep slope, and parking in a steep slope.
When the vehicle needs to go backwards, the inner ring 201 and the output shaft 1 are in a separated state (namely, the output shaft 1 cannot drive the inner ring 201 to rotate) through the synchronizer, at the moment, the output shaft 1 can realize reverse rotation, and the vehicle can be backed.
The unidirectional rotation adaptor 201a mentioned in this embodiment may be a conventional cam wedge mechanism, cam + roller mechanism, cam + ball spring mechanism, etc. which can only realize unidirectional rotation when being engaged with the outer race 202. In this embodiment, the one-way rotary joint 201a employs a cam wedge mechanism.
As another embodiment of the present embodiment, an oil-retaining bearing 8 is further disposed between the coupling sleeve 201b and the output shaft 1, so that the relative movement between the coupling sleeve 201b and the output shaft 1 is smoother.
In another embodiment of the present embodiment, the shift fork 10 is connected to the reverse shift rail 11, and the synchronizing ring 9 is engaged with the synchronizing teeth 5 and the coupling teeth 6 simultaneously during normal driving or neutral. When the vehicle needs to be reversed, the reverse gear is engaged, the reverse gear shifting fork shaft 11 is driven to slide to drive the shifting fork 10 on the synchronizing ring 10 to slide, so that the synchronizing ring 9 is only combined with the synchronizing teeth 5, and at the moment, the reverse driving can be realized.
The outer ring 202 in this embodiment is concentrically mounted with the output shaft through the housing 3, the inner ring 201 is located in the outer ring 202 and is sleeved with the output shaft 1 through the coupling sleeve 201b, and the outer ring is concentrically mounted with the coupling sleeve 201b through the synchronization mechanism, so that the position is limited. Guarantee that single-direction rotary mechanism 2 is in reliable position in the course of the work, realized smooth and easy switching between single-direction rotary mechanism 2 and output shaft 1, avoid the problem that leads to can't back a car because of the card is dead.
The outer ring 202 is locked on the shell 3, so that the dynamic and static load strength of the one-way rotating mechanism 2 is improved, and even if the motor tricycle is under heavy load, the anti-backward-sliding system can not be out of work, and normal work can still be ensured.
And, adopt foretell lazytongs, avoid with the housing 3 between the dynamic friction for housing 3 can not worn and torn, and, the outer lane is fixed, and the inner circle is located between combination cover and the outer lane, makes unidirectional rotating mechanism can not break away from, the inefficacy, improves its life.
In summary, the engine power of the present embodiment is transmitted to the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism 19 through the heat engine 16 and is output through the output shaft 1 of the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism 19, in this process, various driving speeds can be matched, the applicability of the engine is improved, the engine structure is reasonably arranged, the occupied space is small, the case area is small, and the cost of the engine is reduced. The engine is easier to manufacture and process, and the economic performance is improved.
In addition, the engine of the embodiment also has the back slipping prevention performance, so that the safety performance is high. And the advantages of good service performance, high transmission efficiency, good lubricating performance, good leak resistance, high strength and the like.
Through the arrangement, the reliability of the operation, the connection reliability, the gear shifting reliability and the installation reliability of the anti-backward-slip device in the embodiment are ensured, the strength, the installation precision and the structural rigidity are improved, the service life of the anti-backward-slip device is prolonged, and the anti-backward-slip device can run for 3 kilometers without being damaged.
As another implementation manner in this embodiment, the transmission further includes a multifunctional shaft 13, the multifunctional shaft 13 is fixed on the housing 3 through a bearing, the multifunctional shaft 13 is circumferentially fixed and slidably provided with a multifunctional switch 14, the multifunctional switch 14 is toggled by a fork or other toggle mechanism to slide on the multifunctional shaft 13, so that the multifunctional switch can be engaged with the high-speed driving gear Z1 or the low-speed driving gear Z2 on the input shaft 12, so as to achieve multifunctional output, and a multifunctional output interface is provided at the tail end of the multifunctional shaft 13, so as to facilitate connection with other mechanisms.
A three-wheeled motorcycle includes the multifunctional engine with anti-back-slip in the present embodiment.
Example 4: this embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 3 of embodiment 2, and the housing 3 may be a case provided separately for the anti-rollback apparatus 20 or may be provided integrally with a case incorporating the subtransmission mechanism 19, and the housing 3 is also formed integrally with the vehicle frame by a suspension bracket.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional engine of swift current after area is prevented which characterized in that: the anti-backsliding device comprises a heat engine (16), a built-in speed change mechanism (17), a built-in reversing mechanism (18) and a built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism (19) which are sequentially connected along the longitudinal direction, wherein an anti-backsliding device (20) is arranged at the output end of the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism (19); the anti-backward-sliding device comprises a one-way rotating mechanism (2) which is sleeved on the output shaft (1) in a hollow mode, the one-way rotating mechanism (2) comprises an inner ring (201) and an outer ring (202), the inner ring (201) can only rotate towards one direction relative to the outer ring (202), the inner ring (201) is combined with and separated from the output shaft (1) through a synchronous mechanism, and the outer ring (202) is fixedly connected with the shell (3); an outer ring (202) of the unidirectional rotating mechanism (2) is fixed on an inner hole of the shell (3) through a bolt (4);
a synchronous tooth (5) is arranged on the output shaft (1), a combination tooth (6) is arranged on the inner ring (201), and the synchronous tooth (5) and the combination tooth (6) are combined and separated through a synchronous mechanism;
the synchronous teeth (5) are external teeth and are integrally arranged with the output shaft (1) or are in key connection with the output shaft (1);
the inner ring (201) comprises a one-way rotary connector (201 a) and a combination sleeve (201 b), the combination sleeve (201 b) is sleeved outside the output shaft (1) in an empty mode, and the one-way rotary connector (201 a) is arranged outside the combination sleeve (201 b) and can rotate synchronously with the combination sleeve (201 b); the combination teeth (5) are arranged on the combination sleeve (201 b), the combination teeth (6) are external teeth with the gear parameters of the synchronous teeth (5) consistent, the synchronizing mechanism comprises a synchronizing ring (9), a shifting fork (10) is clamped outside the synchronizing ring (9), and the synchronizing ring (9) can be in meshing transmission with the synchronous teeth (5) and the combination teeth (6);
the shifting fork (10) is connected with a reverse shifting fork shaft (11); an oil-retaining bearing (8) is also arranged between the combination sleeve (7) and the output shaft (1).
2. The anti-rollback multifunctional engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the built-in auxiliary transmission mechanism (19) comprises an input shaft (12) and an output shaft (1), at least one pair of gear pairs is arranged between the input shaft (12) and the output shaft (1), and the anti-back-slip device (20) is arranged at the output end of the output shaft (1).
3. The anti-rollback multifunctional engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an input bevel gear (Z10) is arranged at the input end of the input shaft (12), and the input bevel gear (Z10) is in meshing transmission with an output bevel gear (Z9) of the built-in reversing mechanism.
4. The multifunction engine with anti-back slip of claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the transmission mechanism is characterized in that two pairs of gear pairs are arranged between the input shaft (12) and the output shaft (1), the two pairs are respectively a high-speed gear pair and a low-speed gear pair, a synchronizer (15) is arranged on the input shaft (12) or the output shaft (1) between the high-speed gear pair and the low-speed gear pair, and a reverse gear mechanism is further arranged between the input shaft (12) and the output shaft (1).
5. The anti-rollback multifunctional engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein: synchronizer (15) set up on output shaft (1), reverse gear mechanism includes that circumference is fixed and slide and establish reverse gear driving gear (Z5) on input shaft (12) are fixed reverse gear driven gear (Z7) on synchronizer (15) outer wall, and can with reverse gear driving gear (Z5) and reverse gear driven gear (Z7) engaged with the carrier gear, reverse gear driving gear (Z5) are in through reverse gear shift fork and reverse gear shift fork axle (11) slide on input shaft (12).
6. The multifunctional engine with anti-back slip of claim 2, 3 or 5, wherein: the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism (19) further comprises a multifunctional shaft (13) fixed on the shell (3) through a bearing, and a multifunctional switcher (14) is circumferentially fixed on the multifunctional shaft (13) and is arranged in a sliding mode.
7. The anti-rollback multifunctional engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the built-in auxiliary speed change mechanism (19) further comprises a multifunctional shaft (13) fixed on the shell (3) through a bearing, and a multifunctional switcher (14) is circumferentially fixed on the multifunctional shaft (13) and is arranged in a sliding mode.
8. The anti-rollback multifunctional engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the one-way rotary joint (201 b) is a cam wedge mechanism.
9. The anti-rollback multifunctional engine as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the one-way rotary joint (201 b) is a cam wedge mechanism.
10. A motor tricycle comprising a multifunction engine with anti-rollback as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710742319.5A CN107314086B (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | Multifunctional engine with anti-backward-sliding function and motor tricycle |
| PCT/CN2018/097439 WO2019037571A1 (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2018-07-27 | Anti-backslipping multifunctional engine and motor tricycle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710742319.5A CN107314086B (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | Multifunctional engine with anti-backward-sliding function and motor tricycle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107314086A CN107314086A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
| CN107314086B true CN107314086B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710742319.5A Active CN107314086B (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | Multifunctional engine with anti-backward-sliding function and motor tricycle |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN107314086B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019037571A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107314086B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2021-04-06 | 重庆万虎机电有限责任公司 | Multifunctional engine with anti-backward-sliding function and motor tricycle |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019037571A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
| CN107314086A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
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