CN107300803A - 半穿透半反射式液晶显示器 - Google Patents

半穿透半反射式液晶显示器 Download PDF

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CN107300803A
CN107300803A CN201710681537.2A CN201710681537A CN107300803A CN 107300803 A CN107300803 A CN 107300803A CN 201710681537 A CN201710681537 A CN 201710681537A CN 107300803 A CN107300803 A CN 107300803A
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liquid crystal
semi
crystal display
penetrated
black matrix
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柳铭岗
林永伦
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN107300803A publication Critical patent/CN107300803A/zh
Priority to US15/578,250 priority patent/US20190049801A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/110981 priority patent/WO2019029036A1/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供一种半穿透半反射式液晶显示器。本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器将黑色矩阵与间隔物均制作于薄膜晶体管阵列基板上，并且将反射层设置于黑色矩阵上，使得反射区不占用透射区的面积，与现有的穿透式液晶显示器相比能够保持背光源的光线透过率不变，同时利用外界环境光提升显示亮度；本发明还利用黑色矩阵的厚度来控制反射区的液晶盒厚，避免在反射层下方制作额外的绝缘层来控制液晶盒厚，有效节约制程；另外，通过将黑色矩阵与间隔物一体成型，能够进一步节约制程并降低生产成本。

Description

半穿透半反射式液晶显示器
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种半穿透半反射式液晶显示器。
背景技术
随着显示技术的发展，液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)等平面显示装置因具有高画质、省电、机身薄及应用范围广等优点，而被广泛的应用于手机、电视、个人数字助理、数字相机、笔记本电脑、台式计算机等各种消费性电子产品，成为显示装置中的主流。
现有市场上的液晶显示装置大部分为背光型液晶显示器，其包括液晶显示面板及背光模组(Backlight Module)。液晶显示面板的工作原理是在两片平行的玻璃基板当中放置液晶分子，两片玻璃基板中间有许多垂直和水平的细小电线，通过通电与否来控制液晶分子改变方向，将背光模组的光线折射出来产生画面。
通常液晶显示面板由彩膜(CF，Color Filter)基板、薄膜晶体管(TFT，Thin FilmTransistor)基板、夹于彩膜基板与薄膜晶体管基板之间的液晶(LC，Liquid Crystal)及密封胶框(Sealant)组成，其成型工艺一般包括：前段阵列(Array)制程(薄膜、黄光、蚀刻及剥膜)、中段成盒(Cell)制程(TFT基板与CF基板贴合)及后段模组组装制程(驱动IC与印刷电路板压合)。其中，前段Array制程主要是形成TFT基板，以便于控制液晶分子的运动；中段Cell制程主要是在TFT基板与CF基板之间添加液晶；后段模组组装制程主要是驱动IC压合与印刷电路板的整合，进而驱动液晶分子转动，显示图像。
液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)依反射方式可分为穿透式(Transmissive)、反射式(Reflective)及半穿透半反射式(Tranflective，半穿反)三种基本类型。穿透式液晶显示器经由背光光源以达到穿透式显示，其优点为于正常光线及暗光线下能维持良好的显示效果，然而于户外阳光下则不易辨识显示内容。反射式液晶显示器不需外加光源，而是使用环境周围的光线，因此于外界光线充足的环境下具有良好的显示效果，然而于外界光线不足的环境下则不易辨识显示内容。半穿透半反射式液晶显示器则结合穿透式和反射式两者的优点，半穿透半反射式液晶显示器可同时利用背光源以及外界的环境光进行显示，其像素区域可分为反射区与透射区，反射区上设有反射外界的环境光的反射层，而透射区上则设有透明的像素电极以使背光源穿透。由于半穿透半反射式液晶显示器能够同时运用背光源以及外界的环境光，因此其应用逐渐受到各方瞩目。然而，现有的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器通常将彩色滤光片、黑色矩阵、及间隔物均制作于液晶显示器的彩膜基板上，因此需要在薄膜晶体管阵列基板的反射层下方制作绝缘层来达到控制反射区的液晶盒厚的目的，该绝缘层的设计与制程相当复杂和困难，且由于反射区占用原像素区域的透射区面积，严重降低了背光源的光线透过率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，能够在保持背光源原有的光线透过率的基础上进一步利用外界环境光提升显示亮度，在各种光线环境中均能实现优异的显示效果，且制程简单，生产成本低。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，包括：相对设置的上基板与下基板、设于所述下基板下方的背光源、及设于所述上基板与下基板之间的液晶层；
所述下基板包括第一衬底基板、设于所述第一衬底基板上的TFT器件层、设于所述TFT器件层上的黑色矩阵与像素电极、设于所述黑色矩阵上的间隔物、以及包覆于所述黑色矩阵表面除所述间隔物以外的区域上的反射层；
在平行于所述上基板与下基板的水平面内，所述反射层对应的区域为反射区，所述像素电极对应的区域为透射区。
所述反射层导电且与所述像素电极相连。
本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器还包括贴附于所述上基板远离液晶层一侧的上偏光片及贴附于所述下基板远离液晶层一侧的下偏光片。
所述上偏光片与下偏光片的偏振方向相同。
所述反射区的液晶层的厚度为所述透射区的液晶层的厚度的一半。
所述黑色矩阵与间隔物采用同种材料一体成型。
所述反射层的材料包括铝和银中的一种或多种。
所述上基板包括第二衬底基板、设于所述第二衬底基板上的彩色光阻层、及设于所述彩色光阻层上的公共电极。
所述第一衬底基板与第二衬底基板均为玻璃基板，所述像素电极为透明电极。
所述像素电极的材料为透明导电金属氧化物。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器将黑色矩阵与间隔物均制作于薄膜晶体管阵列基板上，并且将反射层设置于黑色矩阵上，使得反射区不占用透射区的面积，与现有的穿透式液晶显示器相比能够保持背光源的光线透过率不变，同时利用外界环境光提升显示亮度；本发明还利用黑色矩阵的厚度来控制反射区的液晶盒厚，避免在反射层下方制作额外的绝缘层来控制液晶盒厚，有效节约制程；另外，通过将黑色矩阵与间隔物一体成型，能够进一步节约制程并降低生产成本。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器的剖视示意图；
图2为本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器的俯视示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图1与图2，本发明提供一种半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，包括：相对设置的上基板10与下基板20、设于所述下基板20下方的背光源40、及设于所述上基板10与下基板20之间的液晶层30；
所述下基板20包括第一衬底基板21、设于所述第一衬底基板21上的TFT器件层22、设于所述TFT器件层22上的黑色矩阵23与像素电极24、设于所述黑色矩阵23上的间隔物25、以及包覆于所述黑色矩阵23表面除所述间隔物25以外的区域上的反射层26；
在平行于所述上基板10与下基板20的水平面内，所述反射层26对应的区域为反射区，所述像素电极24对应的区域为透射区。
具体的，所述反射层26导电且与所述像素电极24相连，从而使反射区与透射区的液晶层30得到同步控制。
本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器将反射层26设置于黑色矩阵23上，不占用透射区的面积，从而与现有的穿透式液晶显示器相比，背光源40的光线透过率保持不变，另外本发明还利用外界的环境光来提升显示亮度，使得本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器在各种光线环境中均能实现优异的显示效果。
具体的，所述反射区的液晶层30的厚度为所述透射区的液晶层30的厚度的一半。
具体的，背光源光线的o光和e光从透射区穿过液晶层30的光程差为λ/2时，外界光线的o光和e光从反射区穿过液晶层30到达反射层26的光程差为λ/4，并且外界光线的o光和e光从反射层26反射回去穿过液晶层30的光程差同样为λ/4，因此外界光线的o光和e光从反射区射入液晶层30并从液晶层30反射出的总光程差为λ/2，这与背光源光线的o光和e光从透射区穿过液晶层30的光程差相同，因此，在入射液晶层30之前外界光线与背光源光线的偏振方向保持相同的情况下，外界光线从反射区射入液晶层30并从液晶层30反射出的偏振方向与背光源光线从透射区穿过液晶层30后的偏振方向相同。
具体的，所述反射区的液晶层30的厚度可通过控制所述黑色矩阵23的厚度来实现。
具体的，本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器还包括贴附于所述上基板10远离液晶层30一侧的上偏光片31及贴附于所述下基板20远离液晶层30一侧的下偏光片32，所述上偏光片31与下偏光片32的偏振方向相同，有利于实现反射区与透射区同时保持亮态和暗态，具体原理为：
在透射区，背光源40的光线穿过液晶层30后偏振方向旋转零度时，背光源40的光线先后经过偏振方向相同的上偏光片31与下偏光片32，透射区显示为亮态；在反射区，外界光线从上基板10一侧射入液晶层30后再反射出去偏振方向旋转零度时，外界光线先后经过上偏光片31两次，反射区同样显示为亮态。
在透射区，背光源40的光线穿过液晶层30后偏振方向旋转90度时，背光源40的光线先后经过偏振方向相同的上偏光片31与下偏光片32，透射区显示为暗态；在反射区，外界光线从上基板10一侧射入液晶层30后再反射出去偏振方向旋转90度，外界光线先后经过上偏光片31两次，反射区同样显示为暗态。
具体的，所述黑色矩阵23与间隔物25采用同种材料一体成型。
具体的，所述反射层26的材料为高反射导电材料，优选的，包括铝和银中的一种或多种。
具体的，所述上基板10包括第二衬底基板11、设于所述第二衬底基板11上的彩色光阻层12、及设于所述彩色光阻层12上的公共电极13。
具体的，所述第一衬底基板21与第二衬底基板11均为玻璃基板，所述像素电极24为透明电极。
具体的，所述像素电极24的材料为透明导电金属氧化物，优选为氧化铟锡(ITO)。
本发明的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器将黑色矩阵与间隔物均制作于薄膜晶体管阵列基板上，并且将反射层设置于黑色矩阵上，使得反射区不占用透射区的面积，与现有的穿透式液晶显示器相比能够保持背光源的光线透过率不变，同时利用外界环境光提升显示亮度；本发明还利用黑色矩阵的厚度来控制反射区的液晶盒厚，避免在反射层下方制作额外的绝缘层来控制液晶盒厚，有效节约制程；另外，通过将黑色矩阵与间隔物一体成型，能够进一步节约制程并降低生产成本。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，包括：相对设置的上基板(10)与下基板(20)、设于所述下基板(20)下方的背光源(40)、及设于所述上基板(10)与下基板(20)之间的液晶层(30)；
所述下基板(20)包括第一衬底基板(21)、设于所述第一衬底基板(21)上的TFT器件层(22)、设于所述TFT器件层(22)上的黑色矩阵(23)与像素电极(24)、设于所述黑色矩阵(23)上的间隔物(25)、以及包覆于所述黑色矩阵(23)表面除所述间隔物(25)以外的区域上的反射层(26)；
在平行于所述上基板(10)与下基板(20)的水平面内，所述反射层(26)对应的区域为反射区，所述像素电极(24)对应的区域为透射区。
2.如权利要求1所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述反射层(26)导电且与所述像素电极(24)相连。
3.如权利要求1所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，还包括贴附于所述上基板(10)远离液晶层(30)一侧的上偏光片(31)及贴附于所述下基板(20)远离液晶层(30)一侧的下偏光片(32)。
4.如权利要求3所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述上偏光片(31)与下偏光片(32)的偏振方向相同。
5.如权利要求1所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述反射区的液晶层(30)的厚度为所述透射区的液晶层(30)的厚度的一半。
6.如权利要求1所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述黑色矩阵(23)与间隔物(25)采用同种材料一体成型。
7.如权利要求1所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述反射层(26)的材料包括铝和银中的一种或多种。
8.如权利要求1所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述上基板(10)包括第二衬底基板(11)、设于所述第二衬底基板(11)上的彩色光阻层(12)、及设于所述彩色光阻层(12)上的公共电极(13)。
9.如权利要求1所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述第一衬底基板(21)与第二衬底基板(11)均为玻璃基板，所述像素电极(24)为透明电极。
10.如权利要求9所述的半穿透半反射式液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述像素电极(24)的材料为透明导电金属氧化物。
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