CN107288792B - 制造过滤器的方法、过滤器、以及包括该过滤器的喷射器 - Google Patents

制造过滤器的方法、过滤器、以及包括该过滤器的喷射器 Download PDF

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CN107288792B
CN107288792B CN201710236747.0A CN201710236747A CN107288792B CN 107288792 B CN107288792 B CN 107288792B CN 201710236747 A CN201710236747 A CN 201710236747A CN 107288792 B CN107288792 B CN 107288792B
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CN107288792A (zh
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F·科尔曼
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Saifeng Aviation Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/005—Accessories not provided for in the groups B64D37/02 - B64D37/28
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
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    • B01D29/03—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/02—Tanks
    • B64D37/04—Arrangement thereof in or on aircraft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0076—Details of the fuel feeding system related to the fuel tank
    • F02M37/0082—Devices inside the fuel tank other than fuel pumps or filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/02—Feeding by means of suction apparatus, e.g. by air flow through carburettors
    • F02M37/025—Feeding by means of a liquid fuel-driven jet pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/50—Filters arranged in or on fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造过滤器(1)、如用于在飞行器的两个容器之间输送燃料或用于为发动机供给燃料的喷射器(2)的过滤器(1)的方法，所述过滤器(1)包括导管(3)，所述导管的第一端部用于连接到所述喷射器(2)的入口(9)，并且所述导管的第二端部被容置在壳体(4)中，所述壳体包括用于使所述燃料通过的开口面(5)，所述开口面(5)由用于过滤的网(6)封闭。根据本发明，所述方法包括以单整体件的形式制造所述过滤器(1)的导管(3)、壳体(4)和网(6)。

Description

制造过滤器的方法、过滤器、以及包括该过滤器的喷射器
技术领域
本发明涉及航空技术领域，并且更特别地涉及一种制造过滤器、如用于在飞行器的两个燃料容器之间输送燃料或者用于向发动机供给燃料的喷射器的过滤器的方法。
本发明还涉及一种改进的过滤器以及包括该过滤器的喷射器。根据本发明的过滤器可以被固定到需要在流体流过之前进行过滤的任何类型的装置(例如，泵)，或者被固定到在加压设备中实施的、用于在预定压力下断裂的定直径断裂片。
背景技术
在航空领域中，已知使用由流量电机供给的喷射器，该流量电机例如由反应器的出口或由泵来提供以在飞行器的两个燃料容器之间输送燃料。
事实上，当飞行器的容器组包括多个容器时，燃料需要尤其借助于喷射器在容器之间输送。
喷射器被供给燃料流并且根据文氏效应的原理工作。燃料流特别地通过截锥形的注入器，其出口的定直径小于入口直径，从而加快燃料流。注入器的出口与喷射器的次入口连通，所述喷射器的次入口与注入器的出口流正交设置，并且第二燃料流通过文氏效应从喷射器的次入口吸入，其中所述燃料存在于第一容器中。两个燃料流混合并随后在喷射器的扩散导管中推进，该扩散导管被设置为与注入器的出口共轴，包括具有扩大的截锥形形状的出口颈部以减缓流。出口颈部与第二容器连通以向第二容器输送燃料。
该类型的喷射器的主要优点在于不磨损且不需要任何的维护，这是因为该喷射器在没有机械活动件的情况下工作。该喷射器还没有起火或爆炸的风险，这是因为该喷射器在没有电机的情况下工作。该喷射器还能置于爆炸性环境并且可能很难接近的区域内。
优选地，喷射器的次入口被固定到过滤器，该过滤器包括导管，该导管的第一端部用于与喷射器的次入口连接，并且该导管的第二端部被容置在壳体中，该壳体包括开口面、优选地面对导管端部，以使燃料通过。壳体的开口面由用于过滤的金属网封闭。该壳体用于浸入第一燃料容器中。
以此方式，过滤器包括彼此组装的多个部件。这些部件中的每一个应当以设计、有效性、制造、供应、存储的角度来管理。例如，每个部件在设计上经过模制、加工、成型等各种操作。
为了制造过滤器，安装和组装操作是必要的，并且意味着使用额外部件，例如螺丝、垫片、接头等和/或需要相应工具或机器的特定操作，例如嵌接操作等。
因此，过滤器的设计和制造是冗长、价格高昂和乏味的。此外，已经了解过滤器的部件之间的电连续性是不足的，使得需要对表面进行额外的保护和处理，从而使得制造工艺更加复杂并增加了成本。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的之一在于提出一种制造过滤器、如喷射器的过滤器的方法以克服这些缺陷，该方法简单、快速且并不昂贵，并且使得能够获得具有优化的电连续性的可靠的过滤器。
为此，为了解决上述问题，实现了一种制造过滤器、例如用于在飞行器的两个容器之间输送燃料或者用于向发动机供给燃料的喷射器的过滤器的方法。过滤器包括导管，该导管的第一端部例如用于连接到喷射器的入口，并且该导管的第二端部被容置在壳体中，该壳体包括用于使燃料通过的开口面。壳体的开口面由用于过滤的网封闭。
根据本发明，该方法的显著之处在于，该方法在于优选地用金属材料、例如铝以单整体件的方式制造过滤器的导管、壳体和网。
以此方式，根据本发明的制造过滤器的方法仅以单件形式实现。换言之，从设计、有效性、制造、供应、存储的角度来说，仅需管理单个件。该制造是简单、快速和并不昂贵的。此外，考虑到过滤器以单件形式形成而不使用固定装置，电连续性是优化的并且过滤器更轻。
本发明使得能够避免装卸和组装操作，因此改进了方法的可重复性。
有利地，所述过滤器与燃料喷射器同时制造，所述过滤器的导管的第一端部以整体方式与所述喷射器的入口连接。这使得能够将过滤器整合在喷射器的设计中，并且不再需要作为独立件来管理。另外，过滤器和喷射器之间的固定零件被取消，这更加方便了制造并且使得能够最大限度地降低成本。
最后，本发明提供了一种用于例如在飞行器的两个容器之间输送燃料或用于为发动机供给燃料的喷射器。喷射器包括具有入口和出口的注入器，所述入口形成喷射器的主入口且具有定直径，所述出口为具有更小直径的截锥形出口。注入器的出口一方面与喷射器的、与注入器的出口正交设置并被称为次入口的入口连通，并且另一方面与扩散导管连通，所述扩散导管设置为与注入器的出口共轴并且具有扩大截锥形的出口颈部。
根据本发明，喷射器的次入口连接到以单整体件形式形成的过滤器上，所述过滤器还与至少所述次入口形成单件。
因此，零件的数量进一步减少，这使得能够更加增强本发明的优点。
如上所述，本发明旨在以最大范围保护过滤器，独立于实施的制造技术，该过滤器的导管、壳体和网以单整体件的方式实现，有利地形成与喷射器整合的部件。
优选地，并且为了简化设计和制造，以及降低成本，该制造方法有利地由层与层增材制造技术来实现。
附图说明
通过以下以非限制性示例给出的、对根据本发明的过滤器和喷射器的说明并且参照附图，其它的优点和特征更加明显，在附图中：
-图1为根据本发明的过滤器的纵向截面示意图；
-图2为根据本发明的整合有过滤器的喷射器的纵向截面示意图；
-图3为根据本发明的整体喷射器和过滤器组件的透视示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种应用广泛且无限制的过滤器(1)，并且将关于用于在飞行器的两个燃料容器之间输送燃料或者用于为发动机供给燃料的喷射器(2)进行描述。根据本发明的过滤器(1)以单件的形式制造，并且优选地用金属材料、例如铝制造。过滤器(1)可以被固定到需要在流体流过之前进行过滤的任何装置，例如泵或者固定到断裂片。
参照图1和2，过滤器(1)包括导管(3)，该导管的端部容置在壳体(4)内。壳体(4)具有与导管(3)共轴的、大体上柱形的形状，并且具有面对导管(3)的端部以使燃料通过的开口面(5)。开口面(5)由用于过滤的网(6)封闭。导管(3)的容置在壳体(4)中的端部包括具有扩大截锥形形状的颈部(7)。
导管(3)、壳体(4)和网(6)一体制造以形成整体件。
参照图2和3，过滤器(1)的未容置在壳体(4)的端部例如用于连接喷射器(2)的入口。
更准确地，并且参照图2，喷射器(2)用于在飞行器的两个容器之间输送燃料并且包括导管(8a)形式的注入器(8)，所述注入器具有定直径的入口和直径小于入口直径的截锥形出口。注入器(8)用于连接到泵上，该泵向所述注入器供给燃料流。注入器(8)的构造使得能够在出口处加速该燃料流。
注入器(8)的出口一方面与喷射器(2)的、与注入器(8)的出口正交设置的次入口(9)连通，并且另一方面与扩散导管(10)连通，所述扩散导管设置为与注入器(8)的出口共轴，并且包括具有扩大截锥形形状的出口颈部(11)。
喷射器(2)的次入口(9)与过滤器(1)的导管(3)连接，过滤器的壳体(4)浸入第一燃料容器内。喷射器(2)的出口与第二容器连通以如此输送燃料。
来自注入器(8)的加速燃料流引起第二燃料流通过文氏效应穿过过滤器(1)的网(6)、壳体(4)和导管(3)吸入。燃料流的混合物在扩散导管(10)中推进并且由于扩大的出口颈部(11)而在出口处减缓，以在第二容器中输送。
有利地，过滤器(1)与喷射器(2)的次入口(9)制造为单个件。
所使用的制造技术例如包括层与层的增材制造。
根据本发明的过滤器(1)包括单件，以使得该过滤器的设计、有效性、制造、供应和存储得到便利。该制造是简单、快速和并不昂贵的。此外，考虑到过滤器(1)以单件形式形成而不使用固定装置，电连续性是优化的并且过滤器(1)更轻。如果过滤器(1)与喷射器(2)形成整合和单件部件，那么这些优点将进一步放大。

Claims (3)

1.一种制造喷射器(2)的过滤器(1)的方法，所述喷射器(2)用于在飞行器的两个容器之间输送燃料或用于为发动机供给燃料，所述过滤器(1)包括导管(3)，所述导管(3)的第一端部用于连接到所述喷射器(2)的入口(9)，并且所述导管(3)的第二端部被容置在壳体(4)中，所述壳体(4)包括用于使所述燃料通过的开口面(5)，所述开口面(5)由用于过滤的网(6)封闭，其特征在于，所述方法包括以单整体件的形式制造所述过滤器(1)的所述导管(3)、所述壳体(4)和所述网(6)，所述制造通过层与层的增材制造技术来实现，所述过滤器(1)的所述导管(3)、所述壳体(4)和所述网(6)以金属铝材料制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述过滤器(1)与喷射器(2)同时制造，其中所述过滤器(1)的所述导管(3)的第一端部以整体方式与所述喷射器(2)的入口(9)连接。
3.一种制造喷射器(2)的方法，所述喷射器(2)用于在飞行器的两个容器之间输送燃料或用于为发动机供给燃料，所述喷射器(2)包括具有入口和出口的注入器(8)，所述入口形成所述喷射器(2)的主入口并且具有定直径，所述出口是具有更小直径的截锥形出口，所述出口一方面与所述喷射器(2)的设置为与所述注入器(8)的出口正交的、被称为次入口(9)的入口连通，并且另一方面与设置为与所述注入器(8)的出口共轴的扩散导管(10)连通，其中所述扩散导管包括具有扩大截锥形形状的出口颈部(11)，其特征在于，所述次入口(9)与根据权利要求1所述的制造喷射器(2)的过滤器(1)的方法制得的过滤器(1)连接，其中所述过滤器(1)与所述喷射器的所述次入口(9)以金属铝材料被制造成单整体件的形式，所述制造通过层与层的增材制造技术来实现。
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