CN107286946B - A kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor - Google Patents
A kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107286946B CN107286946B CN201710701175.9A CN201710701175A CN107286946B CN 107286946 B CN107286946 B CN 107286946B CN 201710701175 A CN201710701175 A CN 201710701175A CN 107286946 B CN107286946 B CN 107286946B
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 240000004507 Abelmoschus esculentus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000003934 Abelmoschus esculentus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 ethylene methacrylic ketone Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZBAFFZBKCMWUHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiram Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1N(C(=O)CC)C(C)CN1CCCCC1 ZBAFFZBKCMWUHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950003779 propiram Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QCIZVZZGBOUJBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].NC(S)=S QCIZVZZGBOUJBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 claims 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002085 enols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- FIKFOOMAUXPBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-2,5-dienediamide Chemical class NC(=O)C=CCC=CC(N)=O FIKFOOMAUXPBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002194 fatty esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTEKOJQFKOIXMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C=C1 OTEKOJQFKOIXMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010022355 Fibroins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196252 Ulva Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical group C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/52—Mulches
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural film technical fields, disclose a kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor and its application method, spray coating liquor include according to parts by weight：20~40 parts of polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers, fatty 8~15 parts of ester polycondensate, 20~30 parts of marine algae extract, 100~150 parts of n-hexane, 30~40 parts of gumbo straw leaf powder, 5~10 parts of corn stigma, modified 3~5 parts of clay powder, 10~15 parts of film forming agent, 5~12 parts of crosslinking agent, 3~5 parts of photosensitizer, 8~15 parts of optional function additive.The spray coating liquor is added in the water of its 10~14 times of quality during use and is stirred, being sprayed to soil surface after stirring evenly forms mulch.The spray coating liquor of the present invention is good in the film-formation result of earth's surface and speed is fast, can automatic degradable, there is soil moisture conservation, heats, and there is improvement soil texture, increases the function of soil fertility.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to agricultural film preparing technical fields, are related to a kind of mulch spray coating liquor, particularly a kind of degradable soil
Earth soil moisture preserving film spray coating liquor is adjusted and protects to soil moisture content for agricultural applications, improves Crop development ability.
Background technology：
It can meet crops heat preservation, soil moisture conservation using mulch, fertility is kept to reach the needs of increasing both production and income and is pushed away extensively
Wide application has become an important technology of agricultural volume increase.But since current most of mulches are polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride,
Its stability is high, and degradation process is relatively slow, has resulted in serious white pollution.To solve this problem, in development in science and technology
Promotion under, gradually develop a variety of degradable mulch, mainly with humic acid, emulsified asphalt, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate and
One or more of its polymer is primary raw material, as Chinese patent CN102533276A is disclosed with montmorillonite, humic acid
Degradable liquid-state mulch film is produced, humic acid solves pollution of the mulch to Land Environment as primary raw material；Chinese patent
Multifunction degradable black liquid state mulch film disclosed in CN1277228A mainly using asphalt or residual oil as raw material, cost compared with
Height, raw material sources are subject to certain restrictions, and meeting hard water when in addition the substance dilutes and be easily emulsified causes film forming to reduce；It is Chinese special
Sharp CN1935878A discloses the mixed solution that a kind of multifunction degradable mulch is polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic acid, starch, the two
Cost is higher, and degradability is poor.Chinese patent CN105503482A discloses a kind of seaweed liquid fertilizer mulch film powder, is extracted with seaweed
Powder is primary raw material, and cooperation polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxymethyl cellulose, silk-fibroin powder, oxygenation agent and inorganic fertilizer particle are made degradable
Mulch, but made there are seaweed extract powder it is complicated, it is film formation time length that seaweed brings as primary raw material single use, anti-
The problem of opening insufficient strength.
Development can completely degraded plastic film can preferably solve the problems, such as Plastic-film pollution.However, of the prior art drop
Solution mulch avoids " white pollution ", but generally existing film formation time is long, film-formation result is poor to a certain extent, it is impossible to drop completely
The shortcomings of solution, using effect is poor, and promoting also has certain limitation, and therefore, design prepares a kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film
Spray coating liquor.
Invention content：
It is an object of the invention in view of the above-mentioned problems, a kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor is provided, in earth's surface
Film-formation result is good and speed is fast, can automatic degradable, have the function of soil moisture conservation, heat, and with improve soil texture, increase
The function of soil fertility.
To achieve these goals, degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor of the present invention, includes according to parts by weight：
20~40 parts of polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers, fatty 8~15 parts of ester polycondensate, 20~30 parts of marine algae extract, n-hexane
100~150 parts, 30~40 parts of gumbo straw leaf powder, 5~10 parts of corn stigma, modified 3~5 parts of clay powder, 10~15 parts of film forming agent,
5~12 parts of crosslinking agent, 3~5 parts of photosensitizer, 8~15 parts of optional function additive.
Polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers of the present invention can be biodegradable, includes two kinds of random repeated monomer units；
Wherein accounting for the first random repeated monomer unit of polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom monomeric unit 40~60% has the knot of general formula (I)
Structure：
In formula：R1It is H or C1~C3Alkyl, and n is 1 or 2.
Second of random repeated monomer unit that polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers include has the structure of general formula (II)：
In formula：R2It is H or C3~C19Alkyl or C3~C19Alkenyl, and m is 2 to 16.
The polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom that the present invention uses preferably passes through fermentation or the green by transgenosis by biologic artifact
Plant obtains；Preferably, the random repeated monomer unit of the first in polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers and second of random repetition
The molar ratio of monomeric unit is about 50:50, there is excellent stretch modulus and fracture toughness in film forming procedure；Poly- hydroxyalkanoate
The number-average molecular weight of acid ester polymer is more than 250,000 grams/mol.
Fat ester polycondensate of the present invention is synthesized by 1, 4- succinic acid and succinic acid or its acid anhydrides or Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-fourth two
Acid, succinic acid or its acid anhydrides and adipic acid synthesis.
Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom of the present invention usually crystallize it is relatively slow, with the process velocity difference of other components compared with
Product is adversely affected greatly, the inherence to avoid polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom crystallizes slow problem, fatty ester polycondensate
The crystallization of polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom in blend is helped speed up, this is because the ester polycondensate partially crystallizable of blend accelerates
Crystallization with polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom part accelerates coefficient as a result, therefore, it is possible to reach film forming with faster rate
Requirement, obtain advantageous effect on the whole.
Marine algae extract of the present invention is made by following methods：Dry seaweed by new fresh seaweed or after impregnating is cleaned
It is spare, using Mechanical Crushing into being added in reaction unit after tiny particle, water and ethyl alcohol are added, is beaten together,
Mashing liquid A is obtained, processing mashing liquid A 20~40 minutes under Ultrasonic Conditions, the supersonic frequency is 60~90Hz, is handled
Temperature is 20~50 DEG C, adds in fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether after having broken slurry, is impregnated 12~48 hours at 20~45 DEG C, low temperature is low
Pressure is distilled to recover part organic solvent, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is 45~65 DEG C, and distillation pressure is -0.5~-1.2MPa, and press filtration obtains sea
Algae-residue and filtrate, it is 800~4500 mesh that filter press, which selects filter cloth aperture, and the filtrate is marine algae extract；Wherein seaweed particle,
The mass ratio of water, ethyl alcohol and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 5~30:10~85:10~85:0.01~0.1.
Seaweed of the present invention is including Enteromorpha and kelp, the extracting method being combined using water and organic solvent, first
Using the action breaks down seaweed plants cell of ultrasound, solvent penetration is made then to add in fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether conduct to wherein
Bleeding agent is moistened, the protective film of seaweed can be quickly dissolved at normal temperatures and pressures, achieve the purpose that rapid extraction；It seaweed and its carries
It takes containing many inorganic nutrients and natural film forming ingredients necessary to plant growth in liquid, and contains abundant amine, indoles
Plant growth substances such as class compound and to other physiological activators and seaweed medicine class etc., as spray coating liquor composition it
One, viscoplasticity, film forming and the moisture retention that can not only make mulch are good, are alternatively arranged as fertilizer, pesticide, plant growth regulator
Deng.
Modified clay powder of the present invention is made by following methods：By clay powder and ammonium hydroxide, silane resin acceptor kh-550
By 1:3~5:0.2~0.8 weight ratio sealing mixing, impregnates 2~5h, 3~5h of reprecipitation removes layer under the action of stirring
Sediment, naturally dry, clay powder must be modified less than 150 mesh powders by being ground into fineness, and wherein ammonium hydroxide can reuse.
It is dispersed in spray coating liquor by modified clay powder, enhancing ground film dynamic performance, while energy can be played the role of
Enough good adsorption function auxiliary agents, make spray coating liquor more stable, and function additive can be penetrated into soil after sprinkling, preferably play
Merge the respective action of soil.
Gumbo straw leaf powder and corn stigma of the present invention are made by following methods：The gumbo straw leaf at florescence is taken, is dried in the air naturally
Dry, classification grinding is less than 150 mesh powders into fineness；Take the whisker on the corn ear of autumn picking, naturally dry, clipping growth
Particle section shape of the degree less than 1mm；
Treated gumbo straw leaf powder and corn stigma of the present invention be soil moisture conservation, heating effect liquid-state mulch film it is viscous
Close covering material, have property is stable, emulsion dispersion is good, viscosity is big and degradable characteristic, fiber is played in film forming procedure
And coagulation, it can be degenerated after degradation and be decomposed into humic acid, have the characteristics that integrate pesticide, fertilizer and mulch.
Film forming agent of the present invention is polyvinyl alcohol or Propiram glue；The crosslinking agent is N,N methylene bis acrylamide
Or carboxymethyl cellulose；The photosensitizer be N, N- dibutyl dithiocaarbamates iron, aminodithioformic acid nickel, hexichol first
One or more of ketone or ethylene methacrylic ketone；The function additive for herbicide, fungicide, micro- fertilizer, foaming agent, antifreezing agent or
A kind of or combination in aeroge.
The present invention is additionally added photosensitizer to make up biodegradable imperfection in spray coating liquor so that spray coating liquor and
Its mulch has biological degradability and photodegradation simultaneously, can degradable be pair after scheduled 10~30 days service life
The harmless and beneficial substance of soil.
Function additive of the present invention is needed to select addition or not added according to the growth of Different Crop, in cold district
It can be added in antifreezing agent to spray coating liquor in antifreeze plant application, herbicide, sterilization can be added in the more plant application of weeds
It in agent to spray coating liquor, can be added in aeroge to spray coating liquor in the environment for needing heat-insulation and heat-preservation, in the feelings that needs are built up fertility
Micro- fertilizer is added under condition in spray coating liquor.By adjusting the type and dosage of function additive, the spray coating liquor for being suitble to Different Crop is obtained
And then form mulch.
The present invention also provides the application method of preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor, step is：By each object in the spray coating liquor
Matter is mixed by proportioning, and then spray coating liquor is added in the water of its 10~14 times of quality and is stirred, is sprayed to after stirring evenly
After soil surface, membrane type surface layer is formed it into, be covered on soil surface and forms waterproof membrane, the shelf-life is 10~30 days,
Then it is automatically degradable.
The present invention has following advantageous effects：First, compared with prior art, spray coating liquor uses poly (hydroxy alkanoate)
Ester is used in combination with fatty ester polycondensate, while coordinates marine algae extract, gumbo straw leaf powder, corn stigma and modified clay powder, into
Under the action of film and crosslinking agent, synergistic effect accelerates crystallization fast filming, can improve mulch water moisture self restraint, heat absorption is kept the temperature
Ability, while have the function of to improve soil regime, increase soil fertility；Second is that spray coating liquor has the feature of environmental protection of automatic degradable
Can, there is degradable by light or organisms, polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom, fatty ester polycondensate with it is other known it is natural can be biological
Degradation material such as starch or cellulose is very alike, and ultimate biodegradation is CO to these materials in the environment2、H2O and biology
Matter；Marine algae extract, gumbo straw leaf powder, corn stigma can be degradable and derive from a wealth of sources, is cheap；Spray coating liquor mechanical property and
Environmental-protecting performance is good, can replace existing plastic film in agricultural production, thoroughly solving to be made due to plastic film
With the soil depletion and white pollution problems brought；Third, spray coating liquor is formed a film by the way of sprinkling, and saving of work and time, operation letter
Single, film-formation result is good and speed is fast, not only has the function of to preserve soil moisture, heat, but also does not interfere the seedling of plant across film layer, and one
As can be realized after using 10~30 days degradable, application environment is friendly.
Specific embodiment：
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
The degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor that the present embodiment is related to, includes according to parts by weight：Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom
20 parts of polymer, fatty 8 parts of ester polycondensate, 30 parts of marine algae extract, 100 parts of n-hexane, 40 parts of gumbo straw leaf powder, corn stigma
10 parts, modified 5 parts of clay powder, 15 parts of Propiram glue, 5 parts, N of carboxymethyl cellulose, N- dibutyl dithiocaarbamates iron 3
Part, micro- fertile 12 parts, the solvent of the spray coating liquor is water；
The polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers are biodegradable, include two kinds of random repeated monomer units；Wherein
Accounting for the first random repeated monomer unit of polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom monomeric unit 50% has the structure of general formula (I)：
In formula：R1It is C2Alkyl, and n is 2；
Second of random repeated monomer unit that polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers include has the structure of general formula (II)：
In formula：R2It is C10Alkenyl, and m is 12；
The polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom that the present embodiment uses is preferably by biologic artifact by fermentation or by the green of transgenosis
Color plant obtains；The random repeated monomer unit of the first in polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers and second of random repeated monomer list
The molar ratio of member is about 50:50, there is excellent stretch modulus and fracture toughness in film forming procedure；Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom gathers
The number-average molecular weight for closing object is 350,000 grams/mol；
Fatty ester polycondensate is synthesized by 1,4- succinic acid and succinic acid described in the present embodiment.
Marine algae extract is prepared by following methods described in the present embodiment：Dry seaweed by new fresh seaweed or after impregnating is cleaned
It is spare, using Mechanical Crushing into being added in reaction unit after tiny particle, water and ethyl alcohol are added, is beaten together,
Mashing liquid A is obtained, processing mashing liquid A 40 minutes under Ultrasonic Conditions, the supersonic frequency is 60Hz, treatment temperature 20
DEG C, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is added in after having broken slurry, is impregnated 12 hours at 45 DEG C, it is organic molten that low-temp low-pressure is distilled to recover part
Agent, vapo(u)rizing temperature are 65 DEG C, and distillation pressure is -0.5MPa, and press filtration obtains seaweed slag and filtrate, and filter press selection filter cloth aperture is
3000 mesh, the filtrate are marine algae extract；The mass ratio of wherein seaweed particle, water, ethyl alcohol and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is
30:85:85:0.1；
Clay powder is modified by following methods described in the present embodiment：Clay powder and ammonium hydroxide, silane resin acceptor kh-550 are pressed 1:
4:0.5 weight ratio sealing mixing, impregnates 3h, reprecipitation 3h takes lower sediment thing, naturally dry, powder under the action of stirring
Fineness is broken into less than 150 mesh powders, wherein ammonium hydroxide can reuse, and the consumption rate of first use is less than 20%；
The processing procedure of gumbo straw leaf powder and corn stigma described in the present embodiment is：Take the gumbo straw leaf at florescence, naturally dry,
Classification grinding is less than 150 mesh powders into fineness；The whisker on the corn ear that autumn picks is taken, naturally dry, clipping is into length
Particle section shape less than 1mm；
The present embodiment additionally provides the application method of preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor, and step is：It will be each in the spray coating liquor
Substance is mixed by proportioning, and then spray coating liquor is added in the water of its 12 times of quality and is stirred, soil is sprayed to after stirring evenly
Earth surface.
Embodiment 2：
The degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor that the present embodiment is related to, includes according to parts by weight：Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom
40 parts of polymer, fatty 15 parts of ester polycondensate, 25 parts of marine algae extract, 120 parts of n-hexane, 35 parts of gumbo straw leaf powder, corn
Must be 6 parts, modified 4 parts of clay powder, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 5 parts of ethylene methacrylic ketone, 10 parts of antifreezing agent should
The solvent of spray coating liquor is water.
Polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers described in the present embodiment are biodegradable, include two kinds of random repeated monomer lists
Member；Wherein accounting for the first random repeated monomer unit of polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom monomeric unit 40% has the structure of general formula (I)：
In formula：R1It is H, and n is 2.
Second of random repeated monomer unit that polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers include has the structure of general formula (II)：
In formula：R2It is C8Alkyl, and m is 6.
The polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom that the present embodiment uses is preferably by biologic artifact by fermentation or by the green of transgenosis
Color plant obtains, and the number-average molecular weight of polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers is 300,000 gram/mol.
Fatty ester polycondensate is synthesized by 1,4- succinic acid and adipic acid described in the present embodiment.
Marine algae extract described in the present embodiment, modified clay powder, gumbo straw leaf powder and corn stigma preparation or processing tool
Body technology step is the same as embodiment 1.
The present invention also provides the application method of preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor, step is：By each object in the spray coating liquor
Matter is mixed by proportioning, and then spray coating liquor is added in the water of its 10 times of quality and is stirred, soil is sprayed to after stirring evenly
Surface.
Embodiment 3：
The degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor that the present embodiment is related to, includes according to parts by weight：Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom
30 parts of polymer, fatty 10 parts of ester polycondensate, 20 parts of marine algae extract, 150 parts of n-hexane, 30 parts of gumbo straw leaf powder, corn
Must be 8 parts, modified 3 parts of clay powder, 13 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 12 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4 parts of ethylene methacrylic ketone, 14 parts of antifreezing agent should
The solvent of spray coating liquor is water.
Polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers described in the present embodiment are biodegradable, include two kinds of random repeated monomer lists
Member；Wherein accounting for the first random repeated monomer unit of polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom monomeric unit 60% has the structure of general formula (I)：
In formula：R1It is C1Alkyl, and n is 1.
Second of random repeated monomer unit that polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers include has the structure of general formula (II)：
In formula：R2It is H, and m is 16.
The polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom that the present embodiment uses is preferably by biologic artifact by fermentation or by the green of transgenosis
Color plant obtains, and the number-average molecular weight of polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers is 390,000 gram/mol.
Fatty ester polycondensate is synthesized by succinic acid and adipic acid described in the present embodiment.
Marine algae extract described in the present embodiment, modified clay powder, gumbo straw leaf powder and corn stigma preparation or processing tool
Body technology step is the same as embodiment 1.
The present invention also provides the application method of preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor, step is：By each object in the spray coating liquor
Matter is mixed by proportioning, and then spray coating liquor is added in the water of its 14 times of quality and is stirred, soil is sprayed to after stirring evenly
Surface.
Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to the liquid-state mulch film of the spray coating liquor obtained by embodiment 1-3 and its formation, film anti-tensile is strong
Degree TTM-500A type computer tensile testing machines, by GB/T13022-91 standard tests, the spray coating liquor for measuring the present invention forms liquid
State mulch tensile strength is 2.8~3.5KN/m2, the spray coating liquor sprinkling film forming of embodiment 1-3, the soil with not spraying spray coating liquor
It compares, 5~8 DEG C of the soil moisture can be increased, compared with plastic covering mulch, soil water-retaining rate is suitable, and fertility can improve 15~
25%, per mu yield and in advance maturity period can be improved, is split through segmentation in 10~30 days, all degradations in 60~80 days.
Spray coating liquor manufactured in the present embodiment is sealed, and Conservation environment temperature can preserve 8~12 months when being less than 25 DEG C, and
Increasing at any time, film forming declines, so, this product should using effect be best in 8 months after finished product production.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor, which is characterized in that include according to parts by weight：Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom gathers
Close 20~40 parts of object, fatty 8~15 parts of ester polycondensate, 20~30 parts of marine algae extract, 30~40 parts of gumbo straw leaf powder, corn
Must be 5~10 parts, modified 3~5 parts of clay powder, 10~15 parts of film forming agent, 5~12 parts of crosslinking agent, 3~5 parts of photosensitizer, optional work(
It can 8~15 parts of auxiliary agent；The polyhydroxyalkanoatecopolymers copolymers include two kinds of random repeated monomer units, and wherein the first is random
Repeated monomer unit has the structure of general formula (I)：
In formula：R1It is H or C1~C3Alkyl, and n is 1 or 2；
Second of random repeated monomer unit has the structure of general formula (II)：
In formula：R2It is H or C3~C19Alkyl or C3~C19Alkenyl, and m is 2 to 16；The fat ester polycondensate
By 1, 4- succinic acid and succinic acid its acid anhydrides synthesizes or 1, 4- succinic acid, succinic acid or its acid anhydrides and adipic acid synthesis；It is described
Polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom is obtained by biologic artifact by fermentation or by the green plants of transgenosis, and polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom gathers
Closing in object 40~60% random repeated monomer unit, there is the structure polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom shown in the first general formula (I) to polymerize
The number-average molecular weight of object is more than 250,000 grams/mol；Marine algae extract is prepared by following methods：By new fresh seaweed or leaching
Dry seaweed after bubble is cleaned spare, using Mechanical Crushing into being added in reaction unit after tiny particle, adds water and second
Alcohol is beaten together, obtains mashing liquid A, processing mashing liquid A 20~40 minutes, the supersonic frequency under Ultrasonic Conditions
For 60~90Hz, treatment temperature is 20~50 DEG C, adds in fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether after having broken slurry, impregnates 12 at 20~45 DEG C
~48 hours, low-temp low-pressure was distilled to recover part organic solvent, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is 45~65 DEG C, distillation pressure for -0.5~-
1.2MPa, press filtration obtain seaweed slag and filtrate, and it is 800~4500 mesh that filter press, which selects filter cloth aperture, and the filtrate carries for seaweed
Object is taken, the wherein mass ratio of seaweed particle, water, ethyl alcohol and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 5~30:10~85:10~85:0.01
~0.1；Modified clay powder is made by following methods：Clay powder and ammonium hydroxide, silane resin acceptor kh-550 are pressed 1:3~5:0.2~
0.8 weight ratio sealing mixing, impregnates 2~5h, 3~5h of reprecipitation takes lower sediment thing, dries in the air naturally under the action of stirring
Dry, clay powder must be modified less than 150 mesh powders by being ground into fineness, and wherein ammonium hydroxide can reuse；Gumbo straw leaf powder and jade
Rice must processing procedure be：The gumbo straw leaf at florescence, naturally dry are taken, classification grinding is less than 150 mesh powders into fineness；Take the autumn
Whisker on the corn ear of season picking, naturally dry, clipping are less than the particle section shape of 1mm into length；The film forming agent is poly- second
Enol or Propiram glue, the crosslinking agent are N, N- methylene-bisacrylamides or carboxymethyl cellulose, and the photosensitizer is N,
One or more of N- dibutyl dithiocaarbamates iron, aminodithioformic acid nickel, benzophenone or ethylene methacrylic ketone,
The function additive is a kind of or combination in herbicide, fungicide, micro- fertilizer, foaming agent, antifreezing agent or aeroge.
A kind of 2. degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that polyhydroxyalkanoatefrom
The optimum mole ratio of the random repeated monomer unit of the first in polymer and second of random repeated monomer unit is 50:50,
There is excellent stretch modulus and fracture toughness in film forming procedure.
3. a kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically used method is such as
Under：First according to each substance by proportioning mix, then by the degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor prepared be added to its 10~14
It is stirred in the water of times quality, soil surface is sprayed to after stirring evenly.
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| CN1357569A (en) * | 2001-12-30 | 2002-07-10 | 北京中宣绿环科技发展有限公司 | Degradable soil moisture preserving liquid film and its prepn |
| KR100458230B1 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-11-26 | 에스케이케미칼주식회사 | Degradable mulching matt |
| CN103145931B (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2015-02-11 | 山东汇盈新材料科技有限公司 | Biodegradable agricultural water retaining material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103289191A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-09-11 | 无锡市华明化工有限公司 | High-temperature resistant degradable high polymer material and preparation thereof |
| CN103525428B (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2015-06-24 | 青岛丰泰海洋生物科技有限公司 | Seaweed biological dry land film |
| CN104263371B (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2018-03-27 | Pac生命科技研发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and applications of soil conditioner |
| CN104263376B (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-11-21 | 安徽大泽生物肥料科技有限公司 | A kind of soil compound water retaining agent and its production and use |
| CN104263375B (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽大泽生物肥料科技有限公司 | A kind of composite soil conditioner and its production and use |
| CN104927874A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-23 | 青岛精石通精密机械制造有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly soil stabilizer |
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