CN104263371B - A kind of preparation method and applications of soil conditioner - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and applications of soil conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN104263371B CN104263371B CN201410331903.8A CN201410331903A CN104263371B CN 104263371 B CN104263371 B CN 104263371B CN 201410331903 A CN201410331903 A CN 201410331903A CN 104263371 B CN104263371 B CN 104263371B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of soil conditioner, using seaweed plant as raw material, extracted by soda acid, enzymolysis processing, microwave treatment, the extraction efficiency of marine alga active material can be significantly improved, and active component therein is modified by microflora fermentation, golden probiotics fermention and makes it have decomposition macromolecular mass, the functions such as harmful substance are removed, can be applied to improve organism health or improve in water, air, soil environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of soil conditioner, more particularly to seaweed plant functional active substances
Biological extraction process, the preparation method and applications using seaweed plant as the soil conditioner of raw material.
Background technology
Currently, increasingly it is valued by people in city environmental protection, environmental pollution is progressively being controlled same
When, Rural Environmental Problem is but more and more prominent, various pollutions and ecological weave in, have impact on people in the countryside life, threatens
To their health, while serious pollution is brought to rural area farmland.Farmland pollution refers to the Ministry of Agriculture caused by rural activity
Door with the addition of some harmful substances in soil or make some intrinsic content of material too high during fertilising, irrigation etc., its dirt
What dye load had exceeded soil bears capacity.On the one hand it can make the physicochemical property of soil degenerate, fertility declines, and influences crop
Growth；On the other hand some noxious materials are absorbed by crops, residue in the cane and particle of crop, influence people by food chain
Poultry health, so that soil use value is reduced or lost.With expanding economy, the pollution of the various activities of the mankind to farmland
Also aggravating, causing life in the countryside environment to deteriorate increasingly, agricultural and its production environment are seriously polluted, raw so as to finally influence agricultural
The quality and benefits of production.Sent out within 2010 according to China Paddy Rice Inst and Ministry of Agriculture's rice and quality of item supervision and inspection center
Cloth《China's quality of rice security status and developing countermeasure research》Claiming, the arable land in China 1/5 receives heavy metal pollution, wherein
The arable land of cadmium pollution is related to 11 and saves 25 areas.
The multiple elements such as soil quality and water, fertilizer, gas are closely bound up, and you can regard it as a kind of quasi-life body, it
Equally it is also required to take good care of.From the point of view of present case, the soil in China faces " serious overdraw ".Moreover, farmland is increasingly reduced
Into present situation, to the end of the year 2012, plough close to 1,800,000,000 mu of red line.
Marine alga belongs to rudimentary plant, and whole frond can absorb inorganic matter from seawater and small molecule organic material is supported
Material, while can also secret out of organic or inorganic material to surrounding, the marine alga being grown in seawater complex environment, its metabolic process and
Metabolite is extremely different compared with land plant.Most of marine algas contain abundant carbohydrate (xylan, dry dew
Glycan and sugar alcohol etc.), nitrogen-containing compound (amino acid, peptides, amine, cromoci, Benzazole compounds and carbohydrase class etc.),
Pigment (chlorophyll, class Hu trailing plants b elements and phycobniliprotein), lipoid substance (triacylglycerol, hydro carbons, wax ester, aliphatic acid, phospholipid
With glycolipid class etc.), phenolic compound, vitamin (liposoluble vitamin and the B such as vitamin A and D precursor and vitamin E, K
The water soluble vitamins such as family vitamin), marine alga medicine class (agglutinin etc.) and inorganic constituents etc..Therefore, marine alga has abundant battalion
Support value and medical value.
Marine algae extract has drawn from the large-scale economic algae of blue water, and it contains abundant amino acid, mineral matter, more
Sugared, vitamin and physiological activator, to improving crop yield, improving quality and doing sth. in advance ripe and sick in fruit freshness preserving and resistance
Insect pest etc. has obvious effect.Substantial amounts of research shows that the extract in some marine algaes can promote crop to give birth to
Long, increase yield, reduce pest and disease damage, increase crop cold resistance, drought-resistant ability.And relevant marine algae extract decomposes macromolecular mass, go
Except harmful substance, such as effect in terms of heavy metal and organic matter have not been reported.
In fact, the property and using effect of marine algae extract influenceed by extracting mode it is very big.At present, marine algae extract
Preparation technology mainly have alkali extraction method, neutral hydrolysis, acid extraction method and Mechanical Crushing extraction method.In addition, there is ultrasound broken
Broken method, enzymatic isolation method and hot-water soak method.However, in these traditional extracting methods, the bioactive ingredients of marine alga are by cell
The obstruction of wall main component cellulose, it tends to be difficult to be extracted efficiently, the present invention is rightly by traditional extraction, enzymolysis
Method is combined with microwave treatment to improve extraction efficiency, at the same by microflora fermentation adjust in extract the content of active component and
Property, each component in extract is preferably acted synergistically, so as to promote the decomposition of macromolecular mass, and can absorb or remove a huge sum of money
The harmful substance such as category and formaldehyde.
This research is extracted, enzymolysis processing, microwave treatment by soda acid using seaweed plant as raw material, can significantly improve sea
The extraction efficiency of algae active material, and active component therein is modified by microflora fermentation and makes it have decomposition macromolecular
Group, the functions such as harmful substance are removed, expand its application in health or air, soil, water environment is improved, and relevant marine alga carries
Liquid is taken to have no report as soil additive to remove harmful substance for main body.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method and applications of soil conditioner, more particularly to seaweed plant
The biological extraction process of functional active substances.
In the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of seaweed extracted liquor of dispersible agglomerate molecule, with percentage by weight
Meter, its main component are water 91.7%, acetic acid 4.2%, carbohydrate 2.4%, protein 0.1%.In addition, also containing micro
Lipid, ash content, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, sub- lead, copper, Alphalin, vitamin D, Aneurine, Verdoflavin, nicotinic acid,
Vitamin B6, Anacobin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, Vitamin C.
Another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the preparation method of the seaweed extracted liquor of above-mentioned dispersible agglomerate molecule, it includes
Following steps:
(1) extraction processing：
Marine alga is washed and chopped, extracted with the water of 10~30 times of weight or the ethanol of 10~95% volume ratios, temperature 50
~100 DEG C, extract 3 times altogether, merge No. 3 extract solutions；
(2) microwave treatment：
Microwave treatment, radiated time 5-10min, microwave power 800-1200W are carried out to the extract solution of step (1)；
(3) digest：
The microwave treatment extract solution of step (2) is concentrated under reduced pressure into the 1/3-1/4 of original volume, add comprising cellulase,
The complex enzyme formulation of 1,4 beta-glucanase, papain, take out, put quick-frozen at -18 DEG C after 30 DEG C of water-bath 8-12 hours of constant temperature
Cheng Bing, taking-up is put melts at room temperature, and the quick-frozen thaw cycle is in triplicate；
(4) microflora fermentation：
In the enzymolysis liquid of step (3) fermentative microflora, and the sealed fermenting at 25~30 DEG C are accessed by 1-5% volume ratio
3~6 days, produce seaweed extracted liquor；The fermentative microflora is aspergillus niger, head mold, trichoderma reesei, bacillus licheniformis, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus, micrococcus roseum, lactobacillus plantarum, pseudomonad, Alteromonad, plant saccharomycete, yeast rich in selenium institute group
Into fermentative microflora；
(5) golden probiotics fermention：
By obtained 15~20 parts in above-mentioned steps of seaweed extracted liquor and 1~2.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.1~0.5 part
Fe be well mixed, then add 3~5 parts of hydrogen peroxide thereto, after conserving a period of time, continue 1~5 part of addition
Calcium oxide and 3~10 parts of flyash, continue after conserving a period of time, add 10 parts of gold probiotics dopes and ferment 3~5 days i.e.
It can obtain soil conditioner.Specifically, the marine alga raw material may be selected from bulk kelp, bladder-wrack, sargassum, extra large capsule algae, yellow tang, red
Algae it is any, or from two or more seaweeds mixing.It is preferred that sargassum, more preferably wei state sargassum or Heng Shi horse hairs
Algae.
According to another aspect of the present invention, mechanical shock cutting mill, air blast ultramicro powder can be used in above-mentioned steps (1)
Comminution, ball mill, Ball-stirring mill or vibromill carry out ultramicro grinding.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the complex enzyme formulation used in above-mentioned steps (3) is by ratio of weight and number for 1.2
~3.6：2.1~5.2：1.6~4.5 cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, papain composition.Preferable ratio of weight and number
1.2：2.1：1.6.
According to another aspect of the present invention, fermentation condition is described in above-mentioned steps (4)：28 DEG C of temperature, initial pH value
6.5, mixing speed 100r/min, intermittent stirring 5min/2h, fermentation period 72 hours.
According to another aspect of the invention, in above-mentioned steps (4) fermentative microflora by ratio of weight and number be 1.8：1.2：1.6：
1.1：1.5：3.1：2.4：2.7：1.9：1.3：1 aspergillus niger, head mold, trichoderma reesei, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis
Bacterium, micrococcus roseum, lactobacillus plantarum, pseudomonad, Alteromonad, plant saccharomycete, yeast rich in selenium composition.
According to another aspect of the present invention, because the metallic element in marine algae extract can form gold during the fermentation
Belong to oxide, the extract obtained after above-mentioned fermentation be made to the super micro nano particle of metal oxide in the supercritical state,
The super micro nano particle has high far infrared transmission ability, and its far infrared radiated acts on contact or non-contacting nearby
Material, such as big water clusters, make hydrone produce RESONANCE ABSORPTION, so that the Van der Waals force between partial moisture subtracts
Weak, partial moisture can separate, and then water molecule cluster is diminished and activated.And the extract solution is obtaining it by sintering
When his drying means supports powder or other solids, its super micro nano particle can exist in the form of ultra-fine nanocrystallines, still
It is active.
Soil conditioner provided by the invention, metallic element therein can form metal oxide or gold during the fermentation
Belong to complex compound, the extract obtained after above-mentioned fermentation be made to the super micro nano particle of metal oxide in the supercritical state,
The super micro nano particle has high far infrared transmission ability, and its far infrared radiated acts on contact or non-contacting nearby
Material, such as big water clusters, make hydrone produce RESONANCE ABSORPTION, so that the hydrogen bond fracture between partial moisture, makes
Partial moisture can separate, and then water molecule cluster is diminished and activated., can be by soil when acting on soil
Metal is oxidized to metal oxide, metallic is reduced into metallic atom, and then solve the pollution problem of heavy metal ion.And
Golden probiotics and other probiotics in the soil conditioner can decompose various animal and plant residuums and mineral matter, shape in soil
Into agron, improve soil texture and physicochemical character.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
The preparation of the soil conditioner of the extract solution containing red algae
Take 100g red algaes to be washed and chopped, prepare as steps described below：
(1) microwave abstracting is handled：
Marine alga is washed and chopped, Microwave Extraction, radiated time 5-10min, microwave power are carried out with the water of 40 times of weight
800-1200W, temperature are 35 DEG C, extract 3 times altogether, merge No. 3 extract solutions；
(2) digest：
The microwave treatment extract solution of step (1) is concentrated under reduced pressure into the 1/3 of original volume, adds ratio of weight and number 1.2：2.1：
1.6 cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, the complex enzyme formulation of papain composition, take after the water-bath 8 hours of 30 DEG C of constant temperature
Go out, put quick-frozen Cheng Bing at -18 DEG C, taking-up is put melts at room temperature, and the quick-frozen thaw cycle is in triplicate；
(3) microflora fermentation：
In the enzymolysis liquid of step (2) fermentative microflora, and the sealed fermenting 3 at 25~30 DEG C are accessed by 1% volume ratio
My god, produce seaweed extracted liquor；The fermentative microflora is aspergillus niger, head mold, trichoderma reesei, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis
Bacterium, micrococcus roseum, lactobacillus plantarum, pseudomonad, Alteromonad, plant saccharomycete, yeast rich in selenium are formed
Fermentative microflora.
(4) golden probiotics fermention：
In above-mentioned steps obtained 15 seaweed extracted liquor and 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 part of fe mixing is equal
It is even, then 5 parts of hydrogen peroxide is added thereto, after conserving a period of time, continue the calcium oxide and 10 parts of fine coal of 5 parts of addition
Ash, continue after conserving a period of time, add 10 parts of gold probiotics dopes fermentations and can obtain soil conditioner in 5 days.
Embodiment 2：The preparation of the soil conditioner of the extract solution containing bulk kelp
(1) microwave abstracting is handled：
Take 100g bulk kelps to be washed and chopped, prepare as steps described below：
Bulk kelp is washed and chopped, with 95% ethanol Microwave Extraction of 10 times of weight, radiated time 5-10min, microwave work(
Rate 800-1200W, temperature are 50 DEG C, extract 3 times altogether, merge No. 3 extract solutions；
(2) digest：
The microwave treatment extract solution of step (1) is concentrated under reduced pressure into the 1/4 of original volume, adds ratio of weight and number 3.6：5.2：
4.5 cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, the complex enzyme formulation of papain composition, take after the water-bath 8 hours of 30 DEG C of constant temperature
Go out, put quick-frozen Cheng Bing at -18 DEG C, taking-up is put melts at room temperature, and the quick-frozen thaw cycle is in triplicate；
(4) microflora fermentation：
Fermentative microflora, and sealed fermenting 6 days at 30 DEG C are accessed by 2% volume ratio in the enzymolysis liquid of step (3), i.e.,
Obtain extract solution；The fermentative microflora is that aspergillus niger, head mold, trichoderma reesei, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, rose are micro-
The fermentative microflora that coccus, lactobacillus plantarum, pseudomonad, Alteromonad, plant saccharomycete, yeast rich in selenium are formed.
(5) golden probiotics fermention：
Seaweed extracted liquor and 2 parts of ferrous sulfate obtained 15 parts in above-mentioned steps, 0.3 part of fe mixing is equal
It is even, then 4 parts of hydrogen peroxide is added thereto, after conserving a period of time, continue the calcium oxide and 6 parts of flyash of 3 parts of addition,
Continue after conserving a period of time, add 10 parts of golden probiotics and can obtain soil conditioner.
The soil conditioner can be applied in soil by various modes, and to improve soil environment, for example, it can be added
In fertilizer, soil is added during fertilising, it is also possible to after water dilution, soil surface is sprayed under the conditions of lucifuge.
Embodiment 3：To administer in soil exemplified by dichloroether pollution
The preparation of soil conditioner：Soil conditioner in Example 1 and 2 respectively, by weight 0.1~0.2% adds
In contaminated soil, it is sufficiently stirred.
According to domestic standard：《Industrial enterprise's soil environment quality risk assessment benchmark (HJ/T25-1999)》In soil
Benchmark (migrating to underground water) is 4.7mg/kg.Dichloroether content in embodiment is below national standard.
Conclusion：It can be seen from the test results that this seaweed extracted liquor soil conditioner is when in use, can be fast and efficiently
Reduce the dichloroether content in soil, the improvement reparation for dichloroether soil pollution.
Embodiment 4：By taking certain chemical plant soil as an example
The preparation of soil conditioner：Soil conditioner in Example 1 and 2 respectively, by weight 0.1~0.2% adds
Into the soil in chemical plant, it is sufficiently stirred.Testing result see the table below：
Sample detection account
Remarks：0.1%th, 0.2% shows that soil conditioner accounts for the percentage of soil weight.
Conclusion：It can be seen from the test results that the organic matter that this soil conditioner when in use, increases agricultural land soil contains
Amount.Soil organic matter content is improved, upper soll layer can be promoted to cure, accelerate the formation, accumulation and raising of soil with organic matter,
And soil granular structure can be increased, provide tilth to a soil, promote the formation of topsoil.
To sum up, soil conditioner provided by the invention, metallic element therein can form metal oxidation during the fermentation
Thing or metal complex, the extract obtained after above-mentioned fermentation is made to the ultra micro nanometer of metal oxide in the supercritical state
Particle, the super micro nano particle have high far infrared transmission ability, and its far infrared radiated acts on contact or non-nearby
The material of contact, such as big water clusters, make hydrone produce RESONANCE ABSORPTION, so that the hydrogen bond between partial moisture breaks
Split, partial moisture is separated, and then water molecule cluster is diminished and activated., can be by soil when acting on soil
Metal in earth is oxidized to metal oxide, metallic is reduced into metallic atom, and then solve the pollution of heavy metal ion
Problem.And the golden probiotics in the soil conditioner and other probiotics can decompose various animal and plant residuums and ore deposit in soil
Material, agron is formed, improve soil texture and physicochemical character.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is used only for exemplary illustration or explains the present invention's
Principle, without being construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, that is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention is any
Modification, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.In addition, appended claims purport of the present invention
Covering the whole changes fallen into scope and border or this scope and the equivalents on border and repairing
Change example.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of soil conditioner, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) extraction processing：
Marine alga is washed and chopped, extracted with the water of 10~30 times of weight or 10~95% ethanol of 10~30 times of weight, temperature is
50~100 DEG C, extract 3 times altogether, merge No. 3 extract solutions；
(2) microwave treatment：
Microwave treatment, radiated time 5-10min, microwave power 800-1200W are carried out to the extract solution of step (1)；
(3) digest：
The microwave treatment extract solution of step (2) is concentrated under reduced pressure into the 1/3-1/4 of original volume, added comprising cellulase, β-Portugal
The complex enzyme formulation of dextranase, papain, taken out after 30 DEG C of water-bath 8-12 hours of constant temperature, put quick-frozen Cheng Bing at -18 DEG C,
Taking-up is put melts at room temperature, and the quick-frozen thaw cycle is in triplicate；Wherein, the composition of the complex enzyme formulation is：Cellulase,
1,4 beta-glucanase, papain weight are 1.2：2.1：1.6；
(4) microflora fermentation：
By 1-5% volume ratio access fermentative microflora in the enzymolysis liquid of step (3), and at 28 DEG C, initial pH value 6.5, stir
Under conditions of mixing speed 100r/min, intermittent stirring 5min/2h, sealed fermenting 3 days, seaweed extracted liquor is produced；The zymophyte
Group is aspergillus niger, head mold, trichoderma reesei, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, micrococcus roseum, lactobacillus plantarum, vacation
The fermentative microflora that monad, Alteromonad, plant saccharomycete, yeast rich in selenium are formed, its mixed proportion are parts by weight
Than for 1.8：1.2：1.6：1.1：1.5：3.1：2.4：2.7：1.9：1.3：1；
(5) gold probiotics dope is fermented：
By seaweed extracted liquor and 1~2.5 part of ferrous sulfate obtained 15~20 parts in above-mentioned steps, 0.1~0.5 part of list
Matter iron is well mixed, then adds 3~5 parts of hydrogen peroxide thereto, after conserving a period of time, continues the oxidation of 1~5 part of addition
Calcium and 3~10 parts of flyash, continue after conserving a period of time, add 10 parts of gold probiotics dopes and ferment 3~5 days and can obtain
To soil conditioner；
The marine alga is any one or more mixing of bulk kelp, bladder-wrack, sargassum, extra large capsule algae, yellow tang, red algae；
Described seaweed extracted liquor, its extract solution include following main component：
And micro lipid, ash content, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, sub- lead, copper, titanium, zinc, zirconium, rhodium, palladium, Alphalin, tie up him
Order D, Aneurine, Verdoflavin, nicotinic acid, Vitamin B6, Anacobin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, Vitamin C.
A kind of 2. application of soil conditioner, it is characterised in that the soil conditioner that will be prepared as the method described in claim 1
Addition adds soil in fertilizer during fertilising.
A kind of 3. application of soil conditioner, it is characterised in that the soil conditioner that will be prepared as the method described in claim 1
After being diluted with water, soil surface is sprayed under the conditions of lucifuge.
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| CN106588251A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-26 | 五洲丰农业科技有限公司 | Method for preparing liquid fertilizer containing alga oligosaccharides and trace elements through combination of chemical reactions and multistage fermentation |
| CN107286946B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-07-06 | 吴卓轩 | A kind of degradable preserving soil moisture film spray coating liquor |
| CN109265244A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-25 | 安文彬 | A kind of sterile soil conditioner and preparation method thereof containing a large amount of micro- mine elements |
| CN110776373A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2020-02-11 | 元泰丰(包头)生物科技有限公司 | Method for promoting plant growth and improving plant oxidation resistance |
| CN111348964B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-03-01 | 湖南华诚生物资源股份有限公司 | Conditioner for treating farmland cadmium-polluted soil based on momordica grosvenori waste materials and preparation method of conditioner |
| CN112279733A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Soil conditioner containing seaweed extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN115160070A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-11 | 宁波费尔诺生物科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1223283C (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-10-19 | 李祥麟 | Phycomycetes food for improving physical ability of athletes and its preparation method |
| CN101919541B (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2012-04-18 | 广州大学 | Seaweed flavor powder |
| CN102344315B (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-04-10 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composite microbial seaweed organic liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102344814B (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-09-12 | 日照益康有机农业科技发展有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improving agent and its preparation method |
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